Fhe Omaha Sunday Bee
PART TWO
EDITORIAL
PAGES ONE TO TWELVE
PART TWO
SOCIETY
PAGES ONE TO TWELVI
VOL. XLI-NO. 18.
OMAHA, SUNDAY MOKXIXd, OCTOUKU 'J- 1011.
SINGLE COPY FIVE CENTS.
SUN A CREAIPOWER PLANT
Central Source of Energy for a Won
derful System.
MILLIONS OF YEARS NO CHANGE
Study of tke Great Orb by C. CJ. Ab
bott of the Astro-rhyslont Lab
oratory of the Smith
sonian Institute.
A book on the sun has Just been pub
lished by Charles G. Abbot, director of
the astrophystcal observatory of tho
Smithsonian Institution, which will ex
cite a. wide Interest since it is compre
hensible . to the general reader as well
as tne sclenelst. Not since the Issue of
l'rof. Young's book on the sun, first pub
lished twenty years ago and now out of
print, haa anything as comprehensive
been published on this newly-developed
and vital subject.
No subject of modern research has ad
vanced with such gigantic strides as the
comparatively new study of astrophysics,
known as tho new astronomy or celestial
physics. In 1S73, 8. P. Laiiglcy, then di
rector of tho Allegheny observatory, be
gan his investigations on the sun. He
had not progressed far when he realized
the necessity of more delicate instru
ments for the measurement of the heat
given off by the solar rays and began
working on a design for a bolometer
which lie completed In 18.S0. This new
Instrument proved to bs a great advance
on all Instruments previously used for
this purpose Ills Invention practically
opened a new subject which was called
astrophysics, since It coupled astronomy
with physics. Later when Jtr. Langley
became secretary of the Smithsonian In
stitution he organized the Smithsonian
aatrophyslcal observatory for solar re
search. The utility of this study was at
first questioned by congress, hut being
approved by tho leading scientists of the
United States and Great Brltaln congress
eventually made an appropriation which
has been renewed annually.
Mr. Abbott's Ilecord.
In 1S94 Mr. Charl?s G. Abbot, 8. M., a
graduate of the Massachusetts Institute
of Technology, was appointed aid In the
aatrophyslcal observatory, where ha has
continued to carry on researches to the
present day. In 1907 ho succeeded Mr.
I-angley as director of the obsorvatory.
Mr. Abbot has accomplished a great deal
In the science of astrophysics, not only
by carrying out Mr. Langley's plans, but
through investigation which he origin,
ated himself. The work soon passed be
yond local bounds and was aso taken up
by other Investigators. Both Mr. Lang
ley and Mr. Abbot made observations on
the top of Mt. Whitney, the highest
point of land In the United States, and
it was here that the Smithsonian Institu
tion recently erected a shelter available
to scientific observers. . j
The many researches conducted by such
men as Campbell, Halo, Lanslcy and
Kowland; the Investigations of the Smith
sonian institution, to ascertain the abso
lute Intensity of the eolur radiation out
. side the earth's atmosphere; as well as
the work of the Terkes, Kodaikanal and
Mt. Wilson observatories, have resulted
In the establishment of the 'International
Solar union, an organization numbering
among; Its members the foremost Investl
gators of the world. The subjects them
men study are most attractive and fasci
nating. The great light and heat of the
solar rays, suggesting a tremendous
temperature; the dimness and brown
shade of tho limb or edge of the sun; the.
changing spots which march across its
disk; the brilliant markings,-called fac
Ulae, which accompany the spot; the
varying rotation at different latitudes,
and the weird yet beautiful appearance
of the corona at total eclipses, have all
been carefully studied. In latter years
the development of the spectroscope had
led to a more Intimate and satisfactory
knowledge of tho sun, Its chemical com
position, the temperature of the surface,
the motion and pressure of the surface
vapors .the character ' and structure of
nun spots and many other details.
Functions of the Sun.
It Is evident to every one how Impor
tant the functions of the sun are to us.
It la a virtual power plant, furnishing
1 ght and heat and also the original
source of all mechanical and . electrical
power which is derived from either fuel
or water. The enumeration of the eom
forts, luxuries and beauties, due to the
solar rays, la unnecessary, because all
men acknowledge and many worship the
sun as the source oi these benefits.
Mr. Abbot opens his book with an
Introduction covering the various
branches of the solar Investigation, and
follows with more specific discussions
well Illustrated by photographs and draw
ings. As every one Is aware, the solar sys
tem, of which tht) sun is the main body,
consists of moons, meteors, comets and
planets, In which latter class the earth
Is Included. The earth and the other
bodies revolve about the sun, which is
a focus in each individual orbit. The
sun Itself Is a tremendous epherlcal body
having a mass equal to 3a2,SiK) times that
of the earth, and la of a unique compo
sition, the analysis of which has been
a problem scientists have labored over
for hundreds of years. According to the
author's theory, the sun Is composed
of a gaseous or vaporous substance, ex
cept in the spots. He holds that the
temperature la too great to permit Its
being In a solid or liquid condition. As
the temeperature attrbuted to the sun,
6,600 degrees absolute, would melt any
known substance, it seems only reason
able to believe this statement. Ha
further Btates that the specific gravity
is too low to permit the sun's mass be
ing other than gaseous.
What U Visible.
The visible part of the sun is In. the
form of a gaseous shell, l.nown as the
photosphere. It Is clear and tpotaies-cent.-
due to the great t.m,;:eraiure. Al
though K is 'f-.rtfcrucally probable that
tne diameter of the sun is slowly de
creasing at a certain rate, due to radia
tion and contraction, it cannot be de
cided practically, as It would take 10,
Oj0 years to cause an appreciable change
in the solar diameter. Even after trans
mitting energy to the earth In the form
of light and heat, through some 83.000.
0U0 miles of space, during a period of
about W.000,000 years, the sun is appar
ently none the worse for wear.
The author devotes one chapter to the
description of various instruments used
in solar investigation, including one de
signed by himself and known as the
"silver disk pyrhellometer." This in
strument Indicates day by day, not only
the amount of solar heat which reaches
the earth's surface, but, wlta the help
of other apparatus, also Indicates the
amount of this heat lost In coming
through he atmosphere. Similar In
struments are being distributed through
out the civilized world for the measure
ment of this heat on a uniform scale.
Besides the general subject of the sun,
treated from a purely astronomical point
of view, the book contains considerable
Information concerning topics depending
thereon, such as botany, agriculture,
physics and engineering. For example, In
one chapter the author shows the neces
sity of sunlight and heat on plant life,
Indicating the; chemical changes brought
about In their growth by one' or another
of tho sun's functions. It is Interesting
to note that plants raised in darkness are
not well developed, neither do they be
come green, but remain white or pale
yellow. Consider what strange looking
vegetation would result If sunlight did
not exist. The physicist and engineer will
find matter for thought In a chapter en
titled "I'tilizlng Solar Knergy," in which
many old experiments with solar heat are
reviewed, some modern schemes, such ks
solar heaters, cookers and engines are
explained, and 'sumo data for use In de
sign are advanced.
Science In Its Infaucy.
The science of astrophysics Is In Its In
fancy; the lack of past records is Its
great handicap, and yet if modern investi
gators continue to observe and faithfully
record their observations, there awaits
some future astrophysicist of the days to
come, a vast. If not complete, knowledge
of the evolutlbn of the universe.
In conclusion the author says: "The
child is said to long to grasp the moon.
Who in his maturer years, has never
wished that he might stand upon the
moon, and watch the Wrth at full, a
glorious planet of the night, four times
as far from rim to rim, and twice as
bright in every jart as is the moon It
self! Who, thinking more gravely, has
not wished sometimes he had been born
in luter years, when he could share the
fuller understanding yet to come? Shall
we not live in hope that If we worthily
contribute to that happy end we, too,
may Join with that great company whose
patient and sound labors have given us
what we know, and In a future lite with
them may see unrolled the wider view
which here we long to see in vain?"
Smithsonian Report
on Omaha Indians
Just Off the Press
There Is probably no subject which
would appeal to as many people, or pre
sent better opportunities for Investiga
tion, than the history of the American
Indian. Yet It Is a subject not generally
known or appreciated, in spite of the
fact that the Bureau of American eth
nology has been for the last thirty-two
years publishing the results of compre
hensive researches into various phases
of the llfo history of the native Ameri
cans. In the course of Its service the
bureau has conducted researches Into In
dian languages, customs, government and
social organisations, religion, music an4
arts and industries, as well, as into the
physios.)- and - mental characteristics of
the people; studies covering nearly sixty
linguistic families and more than SU0
tribes. Its publications total twenty
seven reports, fifty-one bulletins and
several volumes of miscellaneous contri
butions. The latest publication, designated as
the twenty-seventh annual report, deals
in the first part with the administration
and operation of the bureau, and in the
second with the story of the Omaha
trbe, the latter a monograph of about
660 pages, illustrated by sixty-five plates
and 133 text figures. This monograph is
the Joint production of Miss Alice C.
Fletcher, who for thirty years has en
Joyed exceptional opportunities for eth
nological studies among the Omaha,
people, and 1-Tancia La Klesche, himself
an Omaha, the eon of a former princi
pal chief. This peculiarly fortunate col
laboration gives the paper especial sig
nificance as an Important contribution to
American ethnology, and it forms the
most complete monograph of an Indian
tribe which has yet appeared. .
The Indians forming the Omaha tribe
now live In the state of Nebraska, in
the counties of Burt, Cuming and Thurs
ton, where land was ceded to them by
an act of congress In 1882, amended in
1893. On this reservation, selected by
them in ISE4, is gathered the remnant of
a once great tribe of Slouxan stock, which
had begun several centuries before, a
westward migration from Its home In the
east, "near a great body of water" prob
ably in 4 ha Appalachian mountains.
Although there were at one time many
tribes which together constituted the
Omaha group, today only 'five have ob
vious connection: " The Omaha, Fonca,
Osage, Kansa and Quapaw; these five
are closely bound together by language,
organization and religion.
Both the Omaha sacred legend, with
which the paper deals at some length,
covering their early migration to their
settlement in the west, and the re
searches of the authors show the Omaha
to have been a quiet and peaceably in
clined people, maintaining an attitude of
defense rather than arrogance towards
other tribes and the white settlers, it
Is recorded that the Omaha were never
at war with the government and that it
is the only tribe which has continued to
live In Nebraska since the advent of the
white settlers.
While not traveling, the Omaha estab
lished their villages near streams, con
venient to Umber, and generally on hill
sides where good garden sites could be
obtained. Here their dwellings took the
form of either earth lodges, conical tents
or t'eUs. Some of the tlptis were so large
that the hides of several buffalo were re
quired to make a single covering. Each
family had a corral of horses and culti
vated a certain part of the hillsides or
low lands, where corn and other vegeta
bles a era r&ied for winter provisions and
for trade. Corn or maize was the, prin
cipal food, and every household had Its
garden where the corn was carefully
planted, weeded and hoed until It was
well grown. Squashes, melons and beans
were grown, and sometimes In the same
field with corn, the stalks serving as
poles for the beans.
In the summer, after the crops were
well advanced, the whole tribe, except
the aged, the sick and a few who acted
as guards, went on the annual buffalo
hunt. This was always conducted with
great ceremony and was under the con
trol of a leader selected for the occasion.
The yearly hunt was sn event of supreme
Importance to the a hols tribe, for Its
piJISKUW
sacca.'iu urn jj'v Jumx:vmu!TJzm!x nag
ntTHi J 0388 sW'Hji
Sale of Linens and Bed Spread
83c and 40c guest towels with hemstitched or scal
loped edges, have an embroidered place for monograms
and Initial. Monday only, 85o each.
$1.00 and SI. 5 all linen inok towels a good Varletj
to choose frx.nn, Monday only, 7o each.
Kflo, 72-inch, merrorUod table linen of a fine
quality; a good assortment tif
pattern; Monday only, the yard. . . -68C
12.50 full slse fringed bed spreads with cut corners:
all newest deslgnu, Monday only, gl-98 each.
sro, itnx3-lnch all linen auck towels with blue. rc.
or white border; one of tho best towels ever regularl)
sold for 35c; Monday only, S6o each.
'TVs easier to reckon money than
merchandise cash than curtains for
exampeh )
The past week wo received a largo shipment of lino lace curtains from
our New York buyer, purchased of a Jobber who found himself more In need
of money than the curtains. That's part of tho why of this sale.
Tho other reason Is that we have done a very extensive business with
home furnishers this fall which has resulted In many broken lines and several
odd lots.
All the above are Included In this exceptional curtain opportunity, and wo
would like for you to come to the sale even If yott are not In need of curtains.
You will see many new patterns and designs that will interest you.
Now for the most interesting part the prices:
Mill Curtain ends at two for 2 So er, 11,,
each M.a.yj
Another lot of mill curtain ends or;,!
at two for 63o or, each aJC
6fio ruffled Swiss curtains in doslKim suit
able for bed rooms, Ti(
the pulr
Ruffled swiss curtains worth 11.25
the iRlr, sale rrlce JtSv
Baffled bobblnet curtains suited to dainty
bed room decorative m hemes, fWf
SI. 25 values .it, the pair JUV
Xfottlngham laoe curtains full three yards
long and fifty inches wide, lUn
$1.26 values at, the pair ,.vc,Vv
Battent.org curtains mounted on hlRh
grade French cable nets, $3.2& CJ' f!U
values at, the pair fA,uo
Xa Salle laoe ourtalns with best quality
French cable net body, $6.75 Q't fU
values at, the pair ifO-CO
Beautiful Imported Brussels net curtains
in elegant '.lenlgns for parlor 'T'v
use. S7.75 values at. the nalr.
An cited lot of single curtains that sold up to $8.76 the pair, while they last,, OP(1
each OtH.
A Carload of New Dressers to Sell
Out ett Little Prices this Week
Here Is another one of tho famous Itennctt sales in which comparison
leaves litis store alone In the lime-light of best values.
At this store you ran choose furniture with every confidence that there are no
hidden errors of making; that every article is made of first-grade, properly sea
soned woodsnot the shrinking, warping, kiln-dried variety.
A little varnish, a few drops of stain and the hastily made piece of furniture
looks wolthy, even though the gluing and fitting have oeen slighted.
There is nothing easier to hide than carelessness In furniture construction. We
want satisfied lustomerscustorners who will come back for more articles when fn
need and no store can hope to retain or hold Its customers with poorly made furni
ture. Bo, we ask you to buy here for your confidence- will never bo abused.
Quarter Sawed
Golden Oak
Dressers
in full Colonial designs;
have two large drawers
and two small top draw
ers; 24x30-inch French
plate mirror Un beveled
edge$2S.OO values'' At
Every Time You Spend a Dimo You Get
ah S.' & H. Green Trading Stamp.
Beddings and Domestics at Less
U:r.0 silk oovsred comforts with extra fine quality
rmro wool lillingsa new lineMonday only, 83.80 each.
Tt-.a HO 00 tmoH, Monday, S7.50 each.
Ji.i'.i) to $10.00 fine down comforts with best FSHnn
coverings, only one dozen in the lot; -Monday ouly,S.a9
each
.(, full Ki.c, grey and tan wool nap blan
keln, that vtill near and wash
well. iMoioliiy only, choice at ... . $1,8Q
7ic, -4 seamed bed sheets of a very superior heavy
in.iplin: uperlnl for Monday only, 65o each.
Bnth robe blnnkets In nil of Hui newext denlgns and
colotiiiKx; rMrti lino quality always bold at ti.io each,
epeclal for Monday only, S3. DO.
S18.00
Quarter Sawed
Golden Oak
Dressers
with two large drawers
and two small drawers,
like cut; 16x28-Inch
French bevel plate mirror
sold most places at
$18.00; Bennett's price,
while they last
$13.25
Colonial
Dressers
of fine quarter saw
ed goldei oak; full
swell front design
with 24x30-inch
French- bevel j)late
mirror - Bennett's
Bpecial price'
S25.00
Golden Oak
Chiffoniers
Fine quarter sawed
golden oak chiffon
iers to match above
dresser; have 16x20
inch French bevel
plate mirrors - Ben
nett's special price
$22.50
Princess
Dressers
of quarter sawed
golden oak; have one
largo drawer, two
small drawers and
18x36-inch French
plate mirror Ben
nett's special price,
$15.00
lit
3
a. . a- .saS
Golden Oak
Dressers
Solid golden oak, dress
ers with three large draw
ers and French bevel
plate mirror like cuta
dresser that is sold other
places in this city for as
much as SIS. 00; .our
prlco
$8.50
Solid
Golden Oak
Chiffoniers
Solid Golden oak chif
foniers without glass;
have five large drawers
and exactly match above
dresser-Bennett's price
Vim, iiliBft
. ' w 1 i f F j . k c . it a .
V " 1 5 11 ft
Rr-i ! 'U "
r . . r kv i i ;ii , ir i- is,; iiiii it 1
.'.U'
'it v"
1 -11 -:. jr f.
Imi mm
if
i ti - ' a t
'i " '
hi
In no season have our stocks of
women s costumes reception gowns evening
wraps coats and tailored suits been so diver si
fjed in style showing and so complete as now; '
From the simple, strictly man tailored shopping suit to the
elaborate evening gown, our collection includes every new style
that the arbiters of fashion have considered correct. Of course, all
these have been Americanized or altered to a fype that meets the re
quirements and fancy of the American woman. To get a little closer
home:. We selected only such models as we thought would ap
peal to the ? women of Omaha and tributary territory, andN the
daily increasing crowds of buyers prove our forecasts were correct.
At lesser prices we sometimes show more than one of a kind; but in
the medium" to higher priced garments there's just one of each fabric
or style, insuring exclusivcncss and individuality to the wearer.
Suits of the better claaaonly one of each kind. Soft brown and
. grey mixtures with collars finished with white materials, plain tail'
ored and trimmed only with fancy buttons, $33.00 the suit. Others
in different shades of broadclothabout fifty
very select models choice of trimmings, col
ors and styles at $30.00 down to .
: $32.50
36.50
Many beautiful coats of tho better sort have also come to us the past week
kerseys, meltons, cheviots, broadcloths, ucrges and mixtures in black, j)lain colors
and rich combinations of colors. Some of them are the new reversible coats which
must bo seen to be appreciated; somo are made along severely plain lines while
others are as handsomely embellished as tnndam can wish. For this assortment the
prices range from $39.50 down to $17.50, with many in between.
15 lbs. Granulated Sugar $1.00
And Oth,er Grocery Bargains for
Monday and Tuesday.
5s
Bennett's Capitol coffee and 30
stamps, lb 30o
Bennett's UolUen coffee and 20
stamps, lb 28o
Tea, assorted, and SO stamps, lb. 680
full cream cheese and 10 stumps, li ,
at 2 Oo
l-h. can Amber Drips and 10
stamps lSVfco
Bwansdown codfish and t stamps
pkg lOo
Bennetts Capitol extracts and 20
stamps, bottle 18o
3 cans hulled beans with chicken and
30 stamps 260
Galllard's pure olive oilspecial of
fer of a pint can for 40o
Bnlder's :hllo sauce and JO stamps,
bottle B6o
3 rakes York Violet toilet soap an'l
20 stamps a6o
Asxorted pickles and 10 stamps, bot
tle luo
Tea slftlnKS and IS stamps, lb. ISO
Calumt baking powder and S stamps
run 100
2-lb. pkff. Dennett's Capitol oats and
10 siamps 100
2-1 1. pkg. Bennett's Capitol pancuke
flour ami 10 xt.imps 100
2-lb. pkg-. Dennett s Capitol wheat ami
10 HLamps 100
Galllard's olive oil and 20 stamp,
bottle . .. . SCO
14-lb. Hack Diamond Crystal salt and
20 stumps 260
DOUBLE HTAMI8 ON AUli KINDH
OK BUTTEIUNE.
Snider' s pork and beans and 15
stamps, can ISO
Beauty asparagus and 10 stamps,
can 30o
Six Founds of Mary Beans 25o
3 pkH. ctwlft's i'rlda Cleanser and
10 btumps 25o
1,000 Colonial Cut
Class Salt and Ppper
Shakers at loc
They have combination nickel,
sliver nd china tops and regular
ly well at 60c the pair. No tele
phone order filled and none de
livered at this prlco. Monday
only, hlla they last
Punch Bowls with
CI 'Sses
Just 100 large size $3 80 punch
bowls lth twelve handled sher
bet gla-utes are offered for Mon
day at Vso for tUm set.
S3.50 Values, 98c
w ii
V
Fashionable Dress Goods and Silks are
Reasonable in Price at this Stord
HTOK.M 8KHGKS a very popular fabric for tbla season's suits,
Bklrta and dresses pre-Bhrunk uad sponged, ull ready for the needle
full CO Inches wide; choice of bluck, navy, duck, tan, brown, grey,
garnet and hunter's green tit lyi.oo the yard.
Polo cloths make the finest coats for autumn and
wint.-r weather. At this a ore you find extra quali
ties, in wanted shades, full 54 inches
wide, at, the yard .
so
A Bi!cit(liil Hue of colored inesalines for dresses, waists and lln
IngsalmoBt every conceivable shade as well as the staple colors full
2 U Inches wide and offered an a leader at 91.00 the yard.
1'laid silks for waists are showing an increased demand this sea
son. Complete lines In various new patterns and color combinations,
including the satin barred and satin utrlped plaids await your choos
lug at f 1.00 and 91.00 the yard.
J
results depended the annual supply of
food, as well as the- skins for clothing
and trade. Tho leader of the hunt and
an assistant, who answered to his name
and took ail the blame In case anything;
went wrong. This official scapegoat,
being appointed by the chief, held his of
fice with dignity and remarkable good
nature. Somo hunting for deer and elk
was done In a desultory way In tho win
ter by small parties and oven by Individ
uals. Fish was a popular article of diet.
Mea. women and children fished either
with strange hocklets lines, or by driving
tho fish Into shallow water, where they
wers shot with arrows, speared, or cap
tured by hand.
Tho Individual Omaha takes a practical
view of nature and human life rather
thaa a taacUol eaa. a&4 walls tais soar
tend to make him somewhat prosalo. It
also developes big mind and leads to a
certain steadiness of character, placing
tho value of thought abovs emotion. This
Is undoubtedly the cause of tribal control
In certain instances, whera tho Individual
disappears and tho people are considered
as a whole.
It appears that tho Omaha tribe Is a
group of natlvo Americans, sturdy In
mind and body, more given to industrial
than to artlstlo pursuits, yet gifted with
an elemental statesmanship and an abil
ity to discover the power of a religious
motive for tho preservation of social
order and the maintenance of peace. Al
though good fighters, they cams to recog
nise that fikhtlng wss not the only route
to achievement, but was best employed
(as tboi wars fas' "trtbo" ladlcausj when
exercised for defense of their homes and
the Integrity of tho tribe.
Prominent In the esttbllHhment of the
tribe upon Its reservation stands Joseph
La Flescho, father of the co-author,
Francis I-a Flescho. At that tlmo chief
of tho tribe, Joseph La Flescho carried
out a plan of his own for the systematic
formation of a township. Hei laid out
roads and boundaries, advised the con
struction of houses, Introduced trading
and farming, and attended to tho or
ganization of schools, always practicing
tho doctrines himself to set the example
for his people. The first settlement of
tho trlbo In which a real civilised ten
dency prevailed was organized by lilm
and knosn as "the village of 'Make Be
lieve' Wlte Men."
FuUowLog UiS location, history and tra
ditions of the tribe, is a treatise of Its
divisions, organization, ceremonies and
rituals, food, music, warfure, language,
and, finally, In the appendix, the mod
ern history, Including the effect of the
white raco and tho resulting present conditions.
GIVING THE GAME AWAY
Hadgerlas; Lawyer Extracts Some
laforinatlon About tho
Court.
In a little sequestered country town,
where the court of Justice Is over the
general store, and where the Judge is
an old, grizzled farmer, thoroughly fa
miliar with pitching hay and milking
cows, but Laving a very limited knowl
edge of tho law, the prisoner had pleaded
"Not guilty" to a charge of burglary.
The lawyer for tho prosecution vas en
deavoring to show the court that the ac
cused was a man of low character.
"What were you doing the night before
the robbery?" ho questioned .severely. "
"I was playln' pinochle with Jed-Parker
and another fellow," answered the pris
oner, evasively.
"Ah, I thought so!" shouted tho lawyer
triumphantly. "Playing cards, and with
that loafer, Jed Parker! Gambling and.
In bad company) But you merit Ion a
third party, sir. Who was the other good-for-nothing?"
Tho prisoner hesitated.
"Answer me!" bellowed tho lawyer.
"Va-(.l, If ye must know," said tho ac
cused, "It was the judge here." Judge's
Library, n
I
