7 eeond Weefc ol er feral! ffiwaii 0'DoiLloe-Redmond-NormiIc Co's. Stock of Men's Furnishings and Hats Tne Pittsfield Bankrupt Stock, of Shoes, greatest Graniteware ba rgains everoffered and a general July clearance of our entire stock of summer merchandise combine to afford the buying public the biggest bargain opportuni ty ever offered. Come early. 9BESG TIIE OMAHA DAILY TiFE: SATURDAY. JULY 20, 1907. ataraay Begtas lie Sale ""23 Grand Clear- I ance sa"oi Furnishing Goods Saturday All the balance of the Furnishing Goods from the O'Donahoe Redmond-Normile Stock, together with thousands of dollars' worth of garments from our own regular lines will be closed out this week at PRICES HALF AND LESS THAN HALF REGULAR VALUE. Saturday's Furnishing Good3 Specials are, throughout, certainly the great est lot of bargains ever offered in Omaha. Men's Shirts From the 0'Donahoc l?d'i:ond-Normile stock, all well known brands, odd lots of Tejrular C9c, 75c and $1.00 values, all new, clean stock, will be closed Satur day in one groat lot, at, choice f ...... . .15oC 1 M1 m TMH RELIABLE STORE Men's Shirts, in such brands as Cluett, Monarch. Griffon, etc., In almost unlimited assortment of styles, patterns and colors, all new clean stock, regular val ues up to $2, choice Saturday, 98c, 69c and 49 Men'a lndrwear, broken lines ot regular 60c and 75c garments, In lisle threads or fancy bal brlggans, great snap Saturday at 25 Men's Combination Suits, worth to $2, all sizes, In plain and fancy colors, choice Saturday, &t 75? Men's Fancy Half Hose, In fina lisle or maco cottons, values to 50c, Saturday, In three lots, at 19c, 12V4c. 10c and 5 Four-in-hand, Club and Tfxk Ties that sold up to 75c, fine silk, newest patterns and colors, in , two lots Saturday, 25c and lf) . Men's Arrow Brand Collars from O'Donahoe, Redmond, Normlle toe, all new goods, sold the world over regularly at 15c, to close, Saturday, each 5J 23c Wash Ties,' Saturday. .10 Men's Suspenders, worth to $1.00 fancy lisle web, plain or silk embroidered, in thre lots at 39c, 25c and 12? Men's Belts, worth to $1.50, all colors and site, sale price Sat urday. 50c and 39? Men's and Hoys' Ik-It, worth to 50c, all go at one price Satur day, choice 100 LA OIKS' CLOVES You'll not find these elsewhere In the city. f JO button Length Silk Gloves Regular values to $2, black, white or gray, choice . .$1.25 Long Silk Gloves, regular $2.50 values. In black, white, grays and browns, Saturday, $1.75 and 31.50 Silk Gloves, black, white and all colors, at, pair 500 Lisle Gloves, all sizes and colors, 39c and 50c values 250 Ladies' Muslin and Knit Under wear llurgains All mussed or slightly soiled gar ments left from the season's tremendous selling will be closed at a fraction of real val ue. Skirts that sold up to $6, made extra full, in all lengths, handsomely trimmed, at $2.08 Skirts worth regularly from $2 to $3, on sale In two lots, at $1.50 and 080 Oowns worth to $2.50, made ex tra full and long of best qual- . n, I I ,111,11, i.nil, ',ii Ity cambrics and nainsooks, well made and daintily trim med, choice, $1.50, 98c, 750 Corset Covers, worth to 75c, great assortment of styles for selection, all well made, prettily trimmed, at 60c, 39c and 250 Ladles' 75c Union Suits, In fin lisle, lace trimmed or tight knee, sale price 400 Ladies' Vjsts, lisle or cotton, spe cial bargains Saturday, 25c, 19c, loc, 12 V4c, 10c and 5 Ladles' Lisle Vests, worth to $1, plain white or colors, with fan cy embroidered yokes . . . .400 LADIES' HOSIERY BARGAINS 98c embroidered or allover lace Lisle Hose, in black or colors, including all shades of brown, sale price 400 C9c and 75c Gauze Llsles and em broidered Lisle Hose, 35c pair; three pairs for $1.00 36c Hose, colored lace, black em broidered, fancy stripe and polk adot styles, sale price. .17 HO 25c black and white lace or silk embroidered Hose ....120 Children's Hose, fine or heavy ribbed, special at 15c, 120 19c Hose, ladles' and children's fine or heavy ribbed and all over lace at, pair 100 Grand Clearance of Summer Millinery Two Very Special Bargains Saturday Trimmed Hats A job lot, se cured at a great bargain, many $4, $5 and $6 values included in this purchase; to close Saturday while they last, choice. . fj NTs. The Pittsfield Bankrupt Stock of Women's and Misses' Shoes will all be closed out in one lot Saturday Not a pair worth less than $1.50 at, per pair 98c Women's $3.00 vici kid, gun metal and pat ent colt Oxfords, in hand-turned soles just the thing for this hot weather at, pair $1.98 All the $1.00 and 73c Children's Shoes, but ton and lace in two lots, . 75tf and 49c Women's white canvas Gibson Ties, reg ular $l..r)0 values 98c Misses' $1.00 white canvas Gibson Ties, for 98c Men's Regent $3.50 velour calf Bluchers, Goodyear welts with genuine rock oak soles $2.50 Men's $2.50 vici kid, velour calf and box calf Bluchers, good heavy soles and all solid $1.98 Youth's satin calf $1.50 Shoes. .. .$1.19 Shinola Outfit. . .15l Single boxes. . .5c All the $'2.00 Women's kid southern ties and large eyelet Oxfords, in all sizes and widths $1.50 For Tender Feet Use Grover Shoe or Oxford 1 3SEI Untrimmed buapes A beautiful assortment in all colors; these shapes would sell in a regular way up to $3.50;' all pk rs at one price Satur- day, choice XJJ Sweeping Price Reductions in all Summer Millinery Saturday. Never was greater saving chance offered. YJonderful Bargains in Sheel Music 50c Musk, 2 He; Any U Copies, 25c By Mail, 1c per Copy Extra A GREAT OPPORTUNITY for MUSIC BUYERS "King of Clubs" (great new two step). "Perfumed Droeezes" (rcverto). "Heavenly Bells" (nocturne). "Dying Poet" (Gottaohalk). "My Old Kentucky Home" (varia tions). "Suwanee Itlvcr" (variations). "Old Black Joe" (variations). "Ansela" Serenade" (Aged Smith). "Falling Waters" (Truax flue edi tion). "Twentieth Century" (two-step). "Cinderella March" (very easy. "Little Fairy Waltz" (gallop, polka, Mazurke, Streahog). "Lulu Polka," ."Lottie Waltz," "Laura Gallop," "Ida Scottische." Hundreds of other fine teaching pieces and classic selec tlous, at, copy 2 ft Graniteware Sale Saturd'y NOTHING OVER SJc EACH NO DAMAGED GOODS IN THIS SALE sTo crashed 01 broken goods, avery piece guaranteed parfeo. number Qranlta wars oaanot be mended -onoa broken It qnlckly ffoa to placas. 10-Inch French gray Colander, worth !Kc. No. 1 French ihy ("hnmhers, worth 25o..., No. 16 Mlxlnu Howls, worth 25c 2-yuart pi'imI Buckets. French gray 4 and R-qiiart Pudding Pans, worth 2So Pauce Pent. I, 2 and S quart, worth 2i"e Preserving Kettles, 1, 2 iind 3 quart, worth 2-quurt Lotur Handled Dippers, pearl gray.. Largo 10-lnch Frying Fans, French gray.., 25c. 8ic Saturday 8Sc Ladles, etc., BLUE WKITX LIKED ENAMELED WAKE. Preserving Kettles, 2 quart, white lined Kuuoe runs, 2 quart, half whlt lined. 8-qunrt Pudding Pons, white lined Soap Dishes, bum and white , 1-quart bluo and White Dippers Dippers, Drinking Cups, Pie Plutes. Basting spoons, blue, white and gray enameled ware; Saturday... PaXIOlf tc OALLAOKEB HARDWARE STOCK SATURDAY. 15o ::::::::::::::::::::"1: 60 BIHM'ff 1'i'SPZ fJh.'li aWIU'UH 5c ?Se Oman Sickles 10c; 35c Grass Sickles. Ice HhavoH. Ic J'leka, Tun Openera, etc... 15c Mrs. Potts' Iron Handles only larKe Hatchets and Hammers, worth 6c. Manufacturer's Entire Stock of Wash Suits and Princess Dresses on Sale Saturday w X 1G C&AVA $5 The entire stock of Wash Suits and Princess Dresses from John Conner, im porter and manufacturer, GSi Broadway, New York. Fine mulls, lingerie and batiste in pinks, blues, heliotrope, tans, Ki'ayss, etc., trimmed with fine laces, medallions and insertions, worth regularly up to $20.00; all at one price Saturday choice Children's Dresses Entire surplus stock of Borgenicht & Sharf, Worees : ter street, N. Y., the biffest manufac turer of children's dresses in the U. S , selling only to jobbers and the largest retail houses. Over 300 dozen gar ments secured at 33 cents on the dol lar. On sale Saturday at wonderful bargain prices. One small lot of Children's Dresses at, choice 10? 25 Dozen. Children's Dresses In, all newest styles, $1 values, sizes 4 to 14 years, choice 25c $1.50 and $2.00 Children's Dresses Ginghams, madras, lawns and per cales, trimmed with lace tucks and pleats, sizes 4 to 14 years, choice, 41) C $2.50 and $3.00 Children's Dres. -In lawns, dimities, ducks, gingham, chambrays, madras and other pretiy Big Skirt Sale Saturday 800 Ktjlihh Panama Skirt In plain colors, checks, plaids and stripes, gome trimmed with velvets and taffeta pleated and gore styles values to $3.00 choice $1.45 f 1.SO Silk and Voile Skirts With five rows of bands; also fine panama and poplin skirts regular and extra sizes, made to sell at $10.00. choice $4.05 From O 411 11 A. M. Women's Wash Suits, worth regularly $3.00, choice 986 materials; Sailors, Buster Brown, jumper and French styles; on sale Saturday, choice 79J Startling Waist Bargains Waists worth $1.50 Saturday at 39 $2.00 Lawn and Lingerie Waists, choice. Q5 $3.00 Jap Silk, Net Lingerie Waists. .$1.50 $5.00 nnd $G.00 Waists n silks, lawns, linens, lingerie, etc., trimmed with fine laces, em broideries and French tucks, magnificent as sortment of designs, at $2.95 From 8 till 0 A. M. Women's Kimonos. IQ From 8:80 till 9:80 A. M. $1.50 Long Kimonos for ,, 69 We Buy Only Govern ment Inspected Meats WE BEST FOR GROCERIES TRY HAY DEN'S FIRST The Freshest Goods, Largest Stocks, Highest Quality and Lowest Prices. Ekk-O-So Corn Flakes, per pka-. ..Bo Tha beat crlap Glnft-er Snap, per tt So The beat Soda Crackers, per lb So Jell-O, Jelly con or Bromangelon, per Pkg 7 ',4 c 1 lb. Macaroni . , Mic Large bottle fancy Pickloa, assorted kinds 8'i5 1 lb. pkg Corn Starch 4c 1 lb. pkg. Cold Water Starch 4c Pint bottles pure Tomato Catsup. . 8 l,3c Clam Boulllion, bottle 9c Peanut Butter, per Jar 9c Imported Sardines, per can...... 8Hc I lb. pkg. Baking Soda 6c 1 lb. can Baked Beans 3C 1 lb. can fancy red Alaska Salmon, at 120 Fancy glasses pure Jelly 40 1 lb. Jars Fruit Preserves 8V40 OH and Mustard Sardines, per can 3V4o Gallon cans Peaches, Plums or Pears, t . v 3;,u Gallon cans Custard Pumpkins. ... 25c 12 bare best Family Laundry Soap 25c Lame sack best White or Yellow Corn meal for 100 Tha best Tea Sittings, per lb.,..12Wo Fancy Santos Coffee, par lb 15c Closing Out Broken BVTTEBi CHEISr AND EGOS. Fancy Dairy Butter, per lb 21c Fancy Creamery . Butter, per lb...25e Fancy Full Cream Cheese, per lb.. 15c Fancf Brick Cheese, per lb 15c Sap Sago Cheese, per lb 7V4c Nufchatel Cheese, each 3o Strictly No. 1 Fresh Eggs, per dos. 15o Q at Hoyden's Prices rirst oa Tresa Vegetables and Prulfst 6 bunches fresh Onions for Bo 6 bunclirs fresh Leaf Lettuce for Bo 6 bunches fresh Radishes for Bo Fresh Wax or Green Beans, per lb 20 Fresh Cabbage, ench 20 Fresh Peas, per quart 2 Ho 4 bunches fresh Pie Plant for Bo 4. bunches fresh Beets for 4, bunches fresh Carrots for .uc .Be 4 bunches fresh Turnips for... Bo Department 200 fanoy assorted English Porcelain . Pecorated Pitchers, that when ig ularly aold for Tic each; tloslng-o'it price, while they last, t-ach 360 (One only to a customer.) l.BrtO fancy Imported Pecorated llnnr Plates that formerly belonged to high-priced seta, ana worth 12 H 1 each: closing out sale price 3o 700 fancy imported Iecorated Snup Coups. -orth regularly Vc and 10c; closing out oriox, etsuh 3o Fancy Uf corind Cut'ildors, closing dit price, each 9o Fancy Teddy Bear Ash 1 ray and Match Holders, the greatest nov.Oty pn the market, each 85o Fresh Parsley, per bunch lo Fancy Canteloupes, each Be Large Cauliflower, each Bo Quart boxes fancy homegrown Black Raspberries, Cherries, Blackberries, Gooseberries or Currants, box 12V40 Large, Juicy I.emona, per dozen.... 25o lMTgn Grape Fruit, each 7V4o Fresh Roasted Peanuts, per quart... 60 Large Cucumbers, each Be Lines in Crockery Saturday 100 piece fancy white and gold china dinner set, worth 112.50, closing out ale prloe 97.95 KASOBT JAB BALE SATURDAY 1 pint Mason Jara with rubbers nnd covers, per dozen 39o 1 quart Mason Jara with rublx-rs and covers, per dozen 43o 2 quart Masoa Jara with rubers and covers, per dozen 690 Don't fall to visit our mammoth crockery department Saturday. Hun dreds of bargains too numerous to mention. Public Interest Centers on Our July Clearing Sale - of Men's High Grade Clothing Fall goods will soon be here and we must make room for the greatest and most varied stock we have ever shown. IImce we offer Saturday HART, SCHAFFNER & MARX CLOTHING AT SACRIFICE PRICES. Every body should profit by this iinusual price cut in well known thoroughly reliable, ready-to-wear clothing. If you've ever worn a Hart, Schaffner & Marx hand tailored suit you will readily recognizo the bargain worth of I mil ' e fp-v these offcrins- k Hart Schaffner & Marx Suits, regular values up and materiala, garments guaranteed to give perfect satisfaction to the wearer, all wool, strictly hand tailored throughout in Satur day's sale at $12.50 and $15.00 Men's Suits, worth to $15.00, in several of the well known and thoroughly reliable makes, all newest styles, colors and fabrics, to close quickly at $5.00 and $7.50 Men's Outing Suits Great assortment of shades and materials; values up to $12.50, clearing sale price". $5.00 and $7.50 Children's Knee Pants Worth up to $1.00, at, each 35c and 50c Children's Wash Suits Worth up to $1.25; sale price 35c, 50c and 75c Children's Knee Pants Suits All new styles, at $1.95 and $2.50 500 pairs Men's Pants, regular $1.50 values, Saturday 95c I i A ri f urn 1 i' iillliil Ml Men's Outing Pants In fancy mix tures, plaids and stripes; values up to $3.50; clearing sale price, at, a pair $1.95 PICNIC Ol FRESH DRESSED HAMS, lb. SPRING CHICKENS, lb. 19k REX BACON Backs, lb You'll Always Find Freshest Meats and Lowest Prices Here SEARCHLIGHTS A JCDCE Characteristics of the Man Who Quirzed Joha D. Rockefeller. ORIGIN OF THE HISTORIC NAME Wash I ton Benltpeucea of Kre MW MoaatatM l-a 'lh ervlus leerlarr W. Q." Crtikan. ri.. . af Jul I'nfli ,n r"u- . t John D. Rockefeller, the Standard OU ih. witness chair In his court. U.rna the aearchllghta of publicity on the man who accomplished f.n. j . a n is at years of age. His father was wounded In the battle of Kene- aaw mountain, hence th name. Kenesaw Mountain Landla. According to the usual .,. , r.me to bar this historic t.. u-- hum on tha day of tha battle. As a matter of fa t ha did not see the lleht until nearly two years aner uw civil war had ended, lint., tinriia ta ultureoue In app-ar mn. a,i.l manner, relates a correspondent of the New York Sun. Ha was private rreiary to V-retary of Btata Waltar Q. nrhun. frnn i m t.i tja. Juiln Greaham had commanded the re1roni In wb.eli JuAm Lndi' father aervao. ana mere nao always been a warm friendship between Qresham and the l-andia family. When Judge Gretibam waa starting for Washing ton to become secretary of state In. the cabinet of a democratic president and asked young Landts to go with him as private secretary, Landla turned democrat and ac cepted. He had practiced law in Chicago, but clients were few and the chance of an oftinal experience In the nation s capital was too alluring to resist. The State department woke up when Landla came. Ills manner was new, his style of address original, and his seeming profundity was Intermixed with a humor that left the uninitiated in doubt aa to whether the young man was a Joker or person of great depth. Diplomatic Taaales. There waa much Important work done In tha State department while Landla was tliere. The Cleveland policy to put back Queen LUiuokalanl on the Hawaiian throne waa undertaken, the Bering cVa arbitration was on, tha Venezuelan boundary contro versy with England waa conceived and the Alltanca affair occurred. Many people l ave forgotten the Alllanoa affair probably, but It was a stirring question at the ttine. The Alliance, an Amarc.lan passenger ves sel, was overhauled by a Spanish gun. boat wbon outside tha three mile limit of Cubon Jurisdiction and searched on sus picion of being loaded with munitions of war (or the Cuban Insurgents. The gun boat fired Ave shots to make the Altianca pull H When the news got to this country thero waa a great bubbub, a d a strong I sentiment was developed In tavor of de manding an apology from Spain. It was said about that time that Landis came near to "running" the State depart ment. Secretary Qresham was too 111 to come to the department and I'resldcnt Cleveland had gone down the Potomac on a duck hunting expedition. Mr. Cleveland had failed to leave his address and there was no wireless telegraphy In those dny. Meanwhile the country cried out for action in the, Alllahca case. Edwin 11 Uhl ot Michigan was acting secretary of state. He was all at sea as to what to do, but finally yielding to the popular cry of "It there an American In the Slate department?' ha wrote a telegram to Hannls Taylor, the United Statea minister at Madrid Instruct. Ing Mr. Taylor to demand an apology ot the Spanish government, and In accordance with custom he signed It: 1'hl. aetlng." By the merest accident Private Secretary Landis saw the telegram before It waa sent. He took tha responsibility of withdrawing It from the department's telegraph op. erator and hurried with It over to Mr. Gresham. Under Landis' advice Mr. Gresham scratched out "Uhle, Acting," and signed his own name. A few days later this telegram got Into the newspapera with Mr. Greaham'a name attached and tha dying secretary of state was praised from one end of the country to the othei. Ac cording to Land!' view, the responsibility was Greshara's and to him belonged the credit. When Pr'ealdent Cleveland returned home and learned what , had occurred ha was furious. Ha declined to sanction the demand (or an apology and redress and it looked for a while as If he would haul Lajidla over the coala. News Leaks. There were news leaks in the State de partment in that stirring period. These teaks disturbed Mr. Cleveland. The Im portant information that Minister Willis at Honolulu had been Instructed to put the crown on Llliuokalanl's head again got Into the newspapers before Mr. Willis received hla instructions, and the news that the ad ministration had demanded the recall of Lorrln M. Thurston, the Hawaiian minister at Washington, was printed prematurely. When the newspapera got hold of the Thurston incident Mr. Cleveland decided i to do something. He made inquiry and found that Landis was a frequent vlsttor at the local prefca club. This excited hia suspicion and be told Secretary Greaham that Landis would have to go. Mr. Gresham re&punJed that Landis was inno cent and if Mr. Landis was dismissed Mr. Cleveland would have to And a new secre tary of state. Mr. Cleveland wouldn't have It that way and both Gresham and Landis remained. Aa a matter of fact. Landis was entirely Innocent of any connection with the Thurston story leak. Later on Mr. Cleveland became attached to the young private secretary and off. red to send him to Venezuela aa minister. Hm Landla has serii enough of diplomacy to know It waa not to his liking and he de clined. He preferred law and politics. When Oresh&m died Landis went back to Chicago to practice law. He formed a partnership with Mr. Chi, who had been ambassador to Germany after leaving the State dtpurtmerit, and Fr.ink Jones, who was first assistant postmaster general In Mr. Cleveland's second administration. Aa the youngest member of the tirm, Landis was supposed to go out and get business. After a while I.andis withdrew from the partnership. He wa. asked us to what hud happ.-iifd. "Oh, 1 Just called In Uhl and Jones and discharged thorn," was his way of putting It. He was ulumj about 30 years old then. Law and Politics. Two of JudgH Landis' brothers are I Charles B. and Frederick. Chuilee Is a member of congress from Indiana and I Frederick served in the house for forty years up to lust March. He was defeated : In the election of 19o5. Another brother, I Waller, Is the postmaster at San Juan, 'Porto Hlco. The remaining brother, John, a physician, has neer In Id a federal of- flee. After Landla was appointed a United ' State Judge, a man from Washington J was introduced Ho him In Chlcutjo. "Judge," said tut man,-"I know your two I brothers who are 'n congress am y. ur brother who Is postm-istcr In Pan Juan." "An, yes," remarked JudKc Landis, "thev are offlrel.Lld. rs; I am a luhllc servant." Afttr his return to I'hKa.'o Judge I.andis pluiiB'd Into politics A frie;-d of his who hailnt. seen him for years mt Charles I .ndia one day. "Whdt'i; Kenesaw doing?" he aakrd. "Oh, he's trying to get Frank Idn nominated for governor," said Charlei "But Low den la a republican and Kene saw Is a democrat," remarked the ques tioner. "Oh, ro," said Charles, "Kenefnw has been a lifelong republican sinew IK)6." Judge Lunch a wears his hnlr rather long and has h habit of paHsliit; his hands I through it He is a y ung man witli an ! old man's n anner. His language la ptc tuiTiUc and his sayings quaint. He talks j w ith a drawl, as do all the Landis brothers, and I. Is way of expressing Llinwlf ia Im pressive. He was well liked when he lived In Wush'wston, and his course In the Rock efeller (Die Is being wntrher! with Inteiest I v his friends In the capital. PUSHING LAD GETS GCOD JOB I'roteue of Judaie Hen l.lndsey Ap pointed Juvenile Court Stenourupher. "L went to ge ahead, so I came to work I for you." Two years ago Juriije Hen B. IJndsey of Denver waa Interrupt! at his work by a boyish voice, lionking un. he saw a young ster with a ehock of brigl t red hair and mirthful blue eyes. He was wearing knee pants, and for a moment the Judge won dered what the amull (How could do. Th ' vern.llllnn crown appealod to him. j Ho Jay Miron was kept In the Juvenile court and given a chance to advance. First he was made a sort of messenger boy and "Handy Andy" (or everyone. .Me was given the dlgnlflud title, of clerk, but tha young n an is authority (or thu statement that he frequently did many service benoath th dignity of hia title. He hd Btudled stenography at home with hl stepfather, V. H. Colburn. who la on of the probation officers, and ht first at tempt at taking dictation from Judge Llnd sey convinced the latter that his clerk could hold his own. '"' Wednesday Judge Lindsey was as polntea Judge of the new Juvenlje court. Und.r the statute creating the court ho was to name a stenographer at a salary of $2,000 a year, almoet as murh aa steno graphers to district Judges receive. The Hext promotion had come to Jay Bacon, for without considering any other applicant Judge Lindsey appointed him to the place. Denver News. IU lltia a Trmls). In Muskogee, I. T., a negro who drlvea tha street sweeper, has a Una bird dog. which carries a lighted lantern In hit mouth. The other night as he was crossing the railroad track he stopped a minute to look bacR and see If the sweeper was coming. Being a dog of happy disposition he wagged hla tall, and Incidentally his head wagged at the same time." The switching crew aaw the light moving and stopped their train. It moved agatn and they started, and tha see-saw motion waa kept up for some time, until the engineer was exhausted in oper- vim ii is ii-rr. nv jumped on ana ran back, to see what the signals meant, and when he aaw the cause of It he said some thing. It is needless to say that after thla ba will work only on algnals that are given higher from the ground.