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About Omaha daily bee. (Omaha [Neb.]) 187?-1922 | View Entire Issue (June 11, 1905)
Jun 11, iftOR. Why the Japanese Soldiers Are Found Fighting to the Death I '" ' -v : . . ,, . Uy In converging with foreigners about these thine and no Influence wan quit strong enough to gain for one of us admit tance to the "Counntry-Prntectlng-Temrle" during the ceremonies of yesterday and to day In honor of the 1W0 or mor soldiers of the empire whose names and deeds have been recorded here to their everlasting glory. This temple Is one of many of Its kind In Jiipnn It seems, and Its services are exclusively In honor of the nations soldiery, which has so successfully main tained through the jrnrs and the ages the national Independence. My mind was alert with curiosity and interest when I was told about this (treat event, but t could (ret no satisfaction from any Japanese friend. I was simply told that no mere spectators would b" admitted to the tem ple and that there was re.lly nothing for me to be particularly Interested In any way. Hut finally my Inquiries met with a ray of response from Mr. II. Satoh, a Jap anese gentleman of such attainments as have won for him large reputation as a scholar, and he wrote for me an explana tion of the ceremony, with what fullness I will leave the reader to Judge. ;.::;n ' WA ' - L.. . V.. iMARVF.i.ni -a hir.v ! 2 I in Japn today. All slain aol- - ... .. ..u.l. , iiuu within the sacred precincts of the Yasu-kuni-JInjl, the Countri- I'l'UieciinK-Temple," In the nations cap ital and the people are rejoicing In holi day throngs. No wonder the little Japa nese soldiers fight to death. If there Is a mind not Eastern which doea not pause In uncomprehending; wonderment before thla remarkable fact, then that mind must be a composite of many lives which are not lived In a simple and unreverentlal belief In the Eternal Now; lives which understood and paid deep homage to the great Has Been and the greater Is-to-Be. It Is quite beyond me, I am moat unwilling to admit, for my Inheritance la the narrow est and I am of the Occident and Its most ungrateful impermanence. The general attitude of the foreigner In Japan toward thla manifeatatlon of a living belief in aouls which die not nor ever leave their earth haunts, seems to be one of half amused toleration such as we are prone to display toward the vagaries of an Imagina tive child, but this is only an unconscious expression of complete misapprehension which probably will voice Itself in many what the (eremony Means, I 'That the soul exists after Its corporal I ' - ,r. life is universally believed In Japan since time Immemorial," says he. "Founded on this belief Is the reverential homage every Japanese pays to his anoestors and to all who have departed from this world. To per petuate the memories of those who have ceased to live In thla world la a duty ex- ?ki? - th ,hR'' r ,acred falth ln th8 court of Shinto temple In pected of the kinsmen of the dead. Thoae to get Inspiration for a life like that whloh concentrated form of preferring the mem- tablets of the dead In the family shrtnea, the middle of the last night of the three who have done deeda In this life whloh are the enshrined spirit has led while ln thla orlea of thoee who nave fallen In battles for offerings of food are made and many pray- days' festival. For lack of space I may worthy of a public recognition are remem- world. Generally there Is a perlodloal oc- the Imperial cause came to be onranlied , n many pieces noi oescnoe it here, but that It Is an Invo- bered ln a way best calculated to perperu- caslon nxed for paying homas-e to the spirit and the Shokonsha Is the fruit thereof. Lit- OK THH WAT TO THIS TBatTTLB THRONGS ARB ttXRRT. CB0WDS OUTBIDS THTfl TEDfFUO DURING THH JTlAtfH, In the Interior, where old customs have not given way to new ideas, a strange, fan tastic ceremony is performed which has been handed down to the people from time Immemorial, it Is called the Bon-odorl and Is a weird dance done by priestesses of the cation and an adoration as sincere as re ligious belief can be, one must believe, as une believes, by Its very welrdness, that It Is as old as the ancient faith It so fan tastically celebrates. The Japanese display a strange taoturn- ate their memories among a wider circle of and such an occasion, which Is usually an erally It means the temple or shrine where people than their kinsmen and in this in- anniversary or the death, is called a "mat- the spirits are Invited or asked to come, stance the commemoration of the dead and url,' or festival. Since the Meljiera, when The central shrine for such a purpose is of their doing's takes the form of having th emperor began to assume actual rule located In Toklo, with branches In all places a shrine or temple built ln a public place the empire and the new system of the where there are garrisons. The central where people go to pay homage to them or army and the navy was established, a more temple In Toklo, which Is known under the What Panama Will Be When the Canal is Complete (Copyright, 1906, by Frank O. Carpenter.) iANAMA, June 8. (Special Corre spondence of The Bee.) When the canal Is completed Panama will probably become one of the great cities of the world. This is the of Chief Engineer Wallace and other experts who understand the methods fcy which the lnteroceanlc trade will be car ried on. They say that Panama will prob ably be a free port and that steamers from opinion all parts of the world will meet here to take printed Interrogations anent Japanese slm- on and put off goods. It will be cheaper to pllclty and bcniiihlcdness ln the near fu- carry freight through the canal and over lure. the seas on big vessels, and ships of 10,000 tona, 20.000 tons, and even larger, will load here for their long haula across the Atlantic and the Pacific. There will be lines of smaller steamers traveling up and down the cousts of North and South America, acting for the great ships as the feeders do to a railroad'. Vessels of 3.000 1,000 and 6,000 tons will come here from different parts of the Pacific and transfer their goods to the larger ships, taking ln return other goods to carry back home. The chief steamship lines will have a combination of large and small vessels, and I understand that such plans are already making. John Barret tells me that the manager of the Nippon Yusen Kalsha. the great steamship company of Japan, which now has vessels from that country to all parts of Asia and to Europe, says bis com pany will have six big steamers running from Japan to England through the Pan- Concernintc Thonaht I myself am not so sure that thia people of strange contradictiona is not right ln Its attitude of reverence toward the great Present-produclng-Past,, and 1 have tried most earnestly to force my mind to even a shadowy comprehension of Its strange principles, but, to follow their way of rea soning, I may be the originator of this Impulse ln my multiplied self and not until my next Incarnation, or at my returning after that, will it free Itself from formless ness and become existent as a deflti j thought and belief. Will I then be born an Oriental? It must be so, for that environ ment can overcome heredity is a fact, proven by many conspicuous exceptions, around which the scientific doctrines of psychology have played hopelessly since the word evolution found a meaning. 1 must be born an Oriental or the Oriental faith ln the i .-it h Wit- & I m k Hi wA 1 - - - i ii ma canal, and that it will add twenty-five small steamers to sail up and down the Pa. everlasting earth-power of Individual souls clfio and Atlantic coasts of our hemisphere, must supplant ln the western world the ac- gathering goods for the larger ships, to be cepted belief In an end of human existence transferred at Panama. after three score years and ten. "Accepted S viwaua .... belief" make, me pause to wonder. One lo Mihr Porta. PANAMA BTRKHTTS TVO TTP TOR STTUTnt. writes It mechanically. It is merely a It may be that Colon, at the Atlantic end pock" one f tD8 problema of the canal crossed the isthmus. phrase, but in this connection It is full of or the canal, will also be made a free port, conBtructlon. Not more than 1.000.000 cubic meaning. The Japanese religion Is not an and " Colon and Panama will grow aa Jrr,a can Put lnto th valleys of the lm accepted belief. It is an inherent belief Bremen and Hamburg have grown through medla,e vicinity. The remainder must be which has belonged to no other people and t,le rrea Vn facilities which have been of- carrled far awav thrown into the Pacific, which contains for them a story of Genesis fered there. Hamburg with Its suburbs has By th,a plan an PXC"'11,'nt "Ite can be made without reeogniiing a necessity for a already LOuCOoO people and Bremen as rap- for thB new clty- Tlie Par,h and rork of theory of conclusion. ldJy Increasing In population and wealth. Culebra Perfectly clean and sanitary, Hong Kong, the English free port off the and lt wou,d make an excellent foundation. , V" couBt of China, Is another Instance of how Th ,and whn Prepred could be divided Lafradlo Hears s ool rarch. cltle8 grow througn Buch aavantogea, and up ,nt0 wlde """'evards, leaving plenty of A great Occidental died tho other day the same may be said of Singapore ' that plac'" for Park and all modern city con In Toklo, a convert to a religious faith, other half-way station around the world v'n,enc'- Enough might be sold to pay or combination of faltha, in which were lying between the Pacific and Inrtian tne cost ' remodeling the present city. A comparison is often made of the Pan ama canal with that of Suex, and the prophecy added that the towns of Panama and Colon will be as dead aa Port Said and Suex when the canal la done. The engi neers say that the conditions here are far different from those of Sues, that Sues la a close neighbor to the great commercial ft . ; ' jVi"- ' . " ? '-l. i -SkSsi ) if 1 v ''V-' -i-T T.EAX SIDEWATiKS AND OVERHANG1KO BALCONrEa. Included the principles of Shintolsm. Laf cadio Hearn was an Irish-Greek I be lieve, but he lived his life In the mystic overworld of Eastern philosophy; he aban doned Occidentalism altogether and left to mourn him a Japanese wife and family. But I have wondered if he did not force his evolution In a measure. If such a thing can be done, and If he la not now a stranger in a strange soul-world seeking vainly for hla own, Doca the Influence of 7 AT"" 7 . . Vr r" trlp rrom one Blde ot Atlantic the ward? Will th mi 1 1 1 1 nf T j fiu .1 in T I o n taking out every alternate block and mak ing the streets wide and healthful. I un derstand that the French had a similar plan, but that it has never been presented to the public. Old Panama. The Panama of today is one of the oldest He besieged Panama and burned lt to the ground, carrying away 175 horse and mule loads of silver, gold and other loot, and In addition 600 prisoners. At that time Panama contained eight monas teries, two churches and a hospital. It had 200 warehouses. 2,000 magnificent residences and 6.0U0 houses of more ordinary build. Morgan tortured the people to make them tell where their treasures were hidden, sparing not even the women. He was no respecter of religions, and the churches and monasteries were looted and burned. Today there is nothing but ruins on that site of the once famous city, one, old tower standing aa a monument of the glories of ita past. find that the souls of the little brown peo ple of hla adoption vibrate ln rhythm with hla own, or will he yearn upward and away from earth life toward that serene spirit uality, free from the trammels of the flesh, which Is the goal of all Christian desire? Lafcadlo Hearn haa declared himself a be liever ln ancestor worship, w(Jch is a simple rendering, for alien understanding, of the first principle of 8hlntoism. He speaka of "an Intimate sense of relation between the visible and the Invisible worlds which Is the special religious character istic of Japan among all civilised coun tries," and from this he adduces much strange fact concerning the posthumous honors which are constantly being con ferred upon men of Japan who died with out reaping the rewards of patriotic devo tion. There Is a general idea among for eigners that these posthumous honors are intended only aa memorial ceremonies and to benefit the families of the dead, but thla la by no means true, "To Japanese thought," says Iafcadio Hearn, "the dead are not less real than the living. They take part ln the daily Ufa of the people, sharing the humblest sorrows and the humblest Joys. They attend the family repasts, watch over 'the well being of the house hold, assist and rejoice In the prosperity of their descendants. They are present at the public pageants, at all the sacred fes tivals of Shlxito, at the military games and at the entertainments especially provided for them, and they are universally thought Of as finding pleasure in the offering made to them or the hunors conferred upon them." Feast of the Usttrsi, There Is au annual festival ln Japan railed the Bon Matsurl, which la a lime for communion with all souls, and at this sea son, which Is in midsummer, the departed apirlts are supposed to return to their ac- centers of Europe and as such it offers no XoV!n of hemisphere, being the succes Induoeraent to trade. They aver that Pan- "or of tne orlKlnal Fanama, which was slt ama will be the halfway station on the long uated pveral miles beyond Ia Boca, ln a i nil Tuning tuuniry, now tne summer resi dence of many well-to-do Panamans. Old Panama was long the richest city of the new world. The vast treasures of the Incas were carried here to be shipped across to the Atlantic and thence to Spain. This was the half-way station to the Philippines, and the Spanish galleons loaded with silver and gold crossed the ocean to the isthmus. Early in the seventeenth century Panama waa noted throughout the world for ita wealth and splendor, and it waa in 1671 that the English buccaneer, Sir Henry Morgan, landed at the mouth of the Chagrea and other side of the Pacific and that it la ao situated that lt cannot but be one of the great trading places of the nations, sur passing Singapore. Hong Kong or any sim ilar station on the highways of commerce. Panama will grow also through its enor mous coal .business, becoming one of the chief coaling stations of the world. The biggest fleet that sails the Pacific today la the coaling fleet. Vessels are always moving here and there across that vast system of waterwaya from Australia, Japan, Chile and even England to aupply the different steamship companies with coal. When the canal is finished the greater part of the coal used ln the Paclflo will come from our southern ports. It la probable, ao the chief engineer thinks, that lt can be then taken to Panama and sold for 3 per ton, Including the fl per ton toll on the canal. The coal which we now get here from Australia brings $5 and $6 a ton, while our Virginia coal is selling for more than 7, largely owing to the freight charges of the Panama railroad, which have already been reduced under thla. new regime. Tlte Srw Panama. But la there room at Panama for a large city? The town today is crowded together upon a little rocky peninsula shaped like a frying pan, which juts out Into the sea, the handle of the pan connecting lt to the mainland. The peninsula when the tide la ln has the ocean washing the walls which surround It, but when the tide goes out a great expanse of dirty brown coral rock la to be seen, and this coral rock runs for several miles along the north shore above Panama to La Boca, at the Pacific mouth of the canal. It extends out from the land Into the ocean along the line where the canal will be dredged to the deep waters of Panama bay. , As lt Is today there Is no room whatever for city etfpar.slon, and lt would be better Panama of Today. The Panama of today was begun shortly after Morgan's butcheries. The people chose this rock, almost surrounded by the sea, for the site of a new town. They built a wall thirty feet high about Its edges and constructed their houses Inside that. A great part of this wall still stands. It la double ln places, and on one side the city lt forms a promenade, where the grown ups walk of an evening, the children fly about on roller skates and play games, and where the canal employes go out for their dally airing. In other places there waa a moat between the two walls. This moat haa grown up with trees, and ln lt reside many squatters. In some parts of the town houses have beeD built on top of the wall, and ln othera ware houses are to be found Inside It, the two walla serving aa parte of the building. Panama itself looks like a fortification. Every house seems to have been put up to withstand the raids of pirates and revolu tionists. The walls are often three feet thick and the doors are heavy and ironed, with little portholes through which the owner can peep out before opening the door. There are but few windows on the ground floor, and those which have been made are often covered with Iron bars. The houses are built close to the street. They nre usually of one and two stories, and occasionally three. Along the second and third stories run Iron balcnnlos which shade the street below. These balconies are the evening sitting places of the family, and it is In them that the Panaman Juliet sits and receives the love glances of her Romeo, who stands on the street below. Romeo makes goo-goo eyes for weeks at Juliet before he dares open his mouth, and he never thinks of climbing up. The well-to-do people of Panama llvo on the second and third floors, v'ery few of them have a house to themselves. I know men worth Jino.ono whose families live above cheap tenements or stores. One winds his way through dark and devious passages to get to their apartments, after which he finds himself ln we'd furnished and comfortable quarters. A City it Cares. The ground floors of Panama make ods think of a city of caves. This Is espe cially so ln the out-of-the-way parts of the town. The streets are narrow, with cobblestone roadways, and lean sidewalks made of flags about six or eight Inchea customed haunts and to Inhabit for a time if half of he city buildings were cut out the little household shrines, one of which Is a part of every Japanese home, however bumble It may be. Thla festival la called by foreigners the "feast of lanterns," be. cause this is what It looks to be, and many are the enthusiastic descriptions of It which have been written by travelers for tunate enough to have been in the coun try ln mid-July. The curious ancient cem eteries are hung full ot lanterns and great fires are lighted everywhere. At the door of every dwelling a huge white lantern la autf Ik I th anUrlsg spirit may not for widening the streets. Mr. Wallace, however, has a plan to build a retaining wall about the edge of this great coral reef, taking in an area several times as large as the present Panama city and extending the wall along the edge of the car,il to the wharvea at La Boca, Inside this wall a part of the vast excavations which muat be made at the Culebra cut could be dumped. There will be inu.000,000 cubic yards which must be disposed of, and thla ia about 100 times more than Is necessary to fill such an area. Indeed, the disposal of the earth and Busy Men of the Black Hills Xt i- ; l jTz -. "" t - if .A "A V- A" I . " XI "A . r"' A-'. -. v '- - ' x " .... h (tit? 0! .' via 4 i.. n O. :A; . . .. i A . . . . - 1 KBWT.T ' mjBCVKXi OFFICERS 0 TIES BLACK BILLS TRAVBURO Maat'S ABBOClATIOItrnoto, Copyright, liOS, bf higher tip. They wind this way and that, making one think of a walled canyon with rectangular holes In tho sides. These holes are the doors, which are opened during the daytime, but at night so tightly closed that they seem to be hermetically sealed. Looking ln through the doors, one sees rooms ten or twelve feet square, with other rooms behind them. There are no win dows facing the street and the door only gives tho light. Often one room will be the home of a family, six or eight people sleeping ln It and the elder ones working there ln the daytime. Sometimes the room Is a store during the day and a sleeping pliice at night. There are no sanitary Im provements. The water comes from a cart or barrelon wheels, which Is dragged through the streets, or from a well ln a court near by. When the new water works are completed this will be bettered. In deed, many of the streets are now dug up p for the sewers and the water will soon be flowing from far up in the mountains into the Ancon reservoir, whence it will come Into the city. Among: the Pawnbrokers. Panama has peveral banks which do busi ness ln the large. The richest perhaps la that of the Ehrmans, the descendants of Henry Ehrman, who died here some years ago, worth about $1,000,000, and next to them, perhaps, the Brandons, who were bankers to the old Colombian government and who still do business with the Pan ama republic. In addition to this many of the merchants lend money and there are also pawnbrokers who give advancements on watches and other valuables at S per cent a month. The pawnbrokers have no balls over their doors as at home, and they are not such Shyloeks as our dear uncles of Chatham street and the Bowery. I have been to many of these pawnbroker lng shops, not to borrow, but to see If I could pick up something in old plate or Jewelry as a souvenir of my trip. They have but few antiques of value, but now and then one finds a fine pearl or a gold chain with flat links of curious shape. Such chains were once made by the native Jewelers and they are now ln great demand among American ladies, who visit the Isthmus. When Mrs. Taft waa here she bought a splendid one for less than $55, and the wife of the chief engineer has another which would cause any American belle to break the tenth commandment. The larger of these chains are bis enough to go around the neck and fall to the waist. They end ln a cross of solid gold, which has, I doubt not, been blessed by the priest, as all Panama women are good Catholics. At one pawnshop I was shown a chain of woven gold, with a gold medallion as it pendant. The medallion had a score of fine pearls, the whole being topped by a pearl as big around as the end of the or dinary lead pencil. The price of this chain was $100 ln silver. It would certainly be worth at least four times that In the United Slates. ' Canal Versus Earthaakes. One of the objection urged against the building of the Panama canal has been that an earthquake may occur which might ruin the work after lt is completed. There la an evidence against this theory ln one of the old churches of Panama. The chief engineer, Mr. Wallace, pointed it out to me the other day. It consists of what Is probably the widest and lowest arch known to architecture. The arch must be fifty or sixty feet wide, and it is almost horizontal, consisting of one span without any sup port except at the two ends. It is part of a church built about 200 years ago and now ln ruins. There are trees growing inside the church and grass and bushes have sprouted out of the windows high above the atreet. The church was planned by a monk architect; and the true believers say that he was ahlo to construct thia arch only by faith and prayer. Ha had planned his building and had put up the arch, only to find that lt fell down again and again. At lust ln despair he spent a night fasting and praying to the Virgin, ln his prayer he said he was doing, his work for the glory of God. and he begged her to help him. He said that be would put up the arch once more, and that she should cause lt to stand, even though the temainder of the church might crumble to pieces. He did build lt, and it stood. The rest of the church was built over lt; the roof was put on, and then a fire occurred which reduced the ' building to ruins. The arch, however, bolstered up by these prayers, re mained erect, and eo It Is to this day. The chief engineer says that no such arch could withstand the severe shock of a great earthquake, and that its existence Is an evidence that no earthquakes have occurred here within the past 3u years which could possibly affect such a const rurilon as that planned for the Panama canal. Panama, by tho way, haa many old churches and monasteries which are crum bling to pieces or have been burned to the ground. Within a stone's throw of the canal administration building lie the re mains of what once was a great' convent or monastery. They cover aimost a city square, and I understand are for sale at a rtaaoubla figure. FRANK G. CARTENTCIt. special name of Tasu-kunl-JInJl, or "Country Protectlng-Temple," Is supported out of tha Imperial household funds and also by th War otllce. Kmperor Pays Special Ifnmaao. "The fundamental Idea underlying the es tablishment of the temple Is to perpetuate the memories of those who have sacrificed their lives for the cause of the country and their spirits are Invoked in a place es pecially set aside for the purpose and regu larly, once ln a year, a festival Is held In honor of the dead. Their spirits are asked to be present on that occasion, to receive the homage of their compatriots who cher ish the memories of those whose records of deeds are carefully preserved ln that temple. The festival this year lends spe cial feature on account of the numerous additions to the records of the temple. In consequence of thla war. The emperor usually sends a delegate, but on this occa sion he will honor the temple with hla per sonal presence. The empresa and the crown prince and princess will also pay a visit to the shrine. The celebration will last for three days. Thia year lt assumes especial Importance' on account of the emperor's condescension to honor the occasion wltli his presence. The kinsfolk of those who have died ln thla war receive special privi leges of not only discounts on their Jour ney to the capital, but also ln the privi lege of visiting the Imperial gardens, which are generally closed to the ordinary public The most prominent attraction la afforded by the newly captured regimental flag dec orated with the order of St. George, and the flag of the Varlag. Those two flags now form a part of the war collection of the Imperial court, and are lent for tha oc casion by the Imperial household. Tha relatives of the dead will receive a wooden cup as a souvenir. The emperor and, tha empress have been pleased to give $,000 yen toward tho expenses of the celebration, and, tho Imperial sympathy so manifestly shown for the perpetuation of the memories oC the noble dead is making a very strong Impression upon the minds of tha people and the love and respect the people of Japan entertain toward the reigning sover eign Is all the more strengthened. Loyalty and patriotism will thus have a very pow erful stimulus at this critical epoch of Japan's history." Public Hakes Merry Holiday. After acquiring this meager and unem bellished Information I went with my camera out to tha great temple to see what might be aeen and I was surprised to find that, far from being solemn and stately, as I had Imagined it would be, the celebration waa one of great festivity attended by all the small delights which, go to make a holiday. Around the ap proach to tho temple had sprung up a veritable Coney Island with all sorts of shows ln full operation. Great overgrown wrestlers ran hither and yon with soft towels knotted about their long hair and light kimonos ot the bathrobe order their only raiment. Vendors of sweet things contested right-of-way through the densa throng with purveyors of small toys and firecrackers. Each side of the avenue right up to the temple gateway was lined with, small tents of every possible description, ln which could be bought anything from a drink of sake to a atnall-slxed cannon or in which could be seen any sort of show from a wrestling jnatch or Juggler's con test of agility to an exhibition of trained mice. The crowd was so great one could hardly make a way through 'It and lt had been tramp-tramping through the gravelled avenue for so long that the place had be come a perfect slough of mud. and I was, for once, sorry that my footgear was not wooden, with little, stilt attachments to keep me high and dry. Down at the far end near the temple gateway, was an in teresting thing. Many old women wera slums about with huge wooden cages full of birds, common sparrows looking almost scared to . death and fluttering most plt eously against the bars of their little prisons. This was as it should' be, for it attracted customers who crowded around, to buy them and set them free toward tha temple with prayers for soldiers' souls. It was a pretty thing to do and I longed to l a few of them free myself, but being a "queer foreign devil" I oould not stop anywhere for an Instant without attract ing a crowd of gaping girls and women, which made me mors or less unhappy. Photography for this reason was quit out of the question, because the Instant X stopped and pointed my camera at some thing the crowd would close in around ma as If- I were some strange animal on ex hibition and then they would push each other out of the way for a chance to get a "look see," and all the pleases and hon orably condescends ln the language failed to move them, even though poken to tha accompaniment of much wild gesticulation, I.IvIiim; Soldiers and Priests. OrcHxionally a company of soldiers would march up through the avenue, making an easy way for Itself with a warning bugla and then one would remember the cere mony In progress behind the royal purple and lii:pfiJlil crested curtains before the portal of the shrine. The night before, I am told, all the priests of the faith ln Toklo assembled here, when the world waa long asleep, and. with p.U conceivable elab orations of Shinto service. Invited the spir its of the slain -soldiers to come and take up their earthly abode within the temple, lights burned brilliantly all night and tha weird chant of Invitation filled all the si lent spaces. It seems quite Impossible, doea It not, that such a thing could be In con nection with a war of the twentieth cen tury, and such a war as has added mod ernity to the most modern warfare? But lt proves that RusU Is fighting unseen hosts of warriors that are as real to the Japanese as the soldiers who go forth In blue to the sound of fife and drum to fight and live or fight and willingly Join their comrades la the viewless multitude. ... ELEANOR rRAtfiCUX. ;