THE OMAHA DAILY BEE: WEDNESDAY. MAKCH IS. 1903.
The Omaha Daily Bee
E. ROSEWATER, EDITOR.
PUBLISHED EVERT MORNING.
oo
2.W
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Flte of Nehrn, Doiigl County, .! '
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says that the actual number of full ana
complete eoptee of Th Dally. Morning.
Evening and Sunday Re printed during th
month or February, iw. wa a ioiww..
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Total .....V. ,. TW,530
Lea unaold copies 10,4411
20 tT.OOO
a T.lBO
JJ S7.B-40
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24 3U.MO
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2 SO.IBO
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. .-.t .. - GEO. B. TZ8CHUCK.
Subscribed In my presence and sworn to
before me tkla 1st day ot March. 1906.
(EaU M. B. HUNOATE,
. Notary Public
Judging from latest reports Saturday
was "remnant day" In Manchuria and
the Japanese were getting ail of the bar?
gains.
Event at Boston are proving that the
articles on "Frenrled Finance" were copper-bottomed,
If ' not entirely "wing-hod."
The authorities at Peking will have less
troubie deciding Just what neutrality
moans when the Russian headquarters
are firmly established at Harbin.
The capture of American and British
attaches with the Russian army at Har
bin would Indicate that In a foot race
the Anglo-Saxon has no advantage over
the Slav.
t . t i. , 1
It Is said that General Kouropatkln Is
trying to restore order to the Russian
army. He will no donbt find It easier
to restore order than to restore the lost
war spirit. ,
It is now said the Cody divorce case
la drawing to a close. This will be hard;
on Wyoming newspaper correspondents,'
but the general public may breathe a
tgb of relief. . - -
: ' ai-f? v -' J-3
KAifropatkln 'i. .7 btamee his lieuten
ants for his dorrnt at Mukden. The
commander-in-chief .has evidently re
solved that his successor ahall come from
Bt. Petersburg. .
. Ii.Jependent packers , may make that
1(9 cents profit "look like 30 cents" be
fore the merry war ends; but if so, the
public will 'make up the loss after peace
has been declared.
The report cornea from Venezuela -that
Prenident Castro has cut the cable. But
It would be useless to expect anything
further In repetition of Admiral Dewey's
work In Manila bay. , , .
Turkish officials who have fled from
Constantinople make it certain that the
sultan lias at least as much Influence
with lira government as the ctar has at
the mouth of the Neva.
In the Colorado election cha the su
preme court of that state evidently de
sires to reserve to Itself the exclusive
right to declare offices vacaut without
letting the legislature butt In.'
Lincoln's municipal campaign has
reached the "nonpartisan" stage. When
the nonpartisan ticket Is sprung It will
be) well to look behind the screen and
see wbo la pulling the strings. ,
The legislature plainly made a mis
take when it killed all the antl-pasa bills.
Developments indicate that the railroads
want the free paea to continue, not so
much for use as a bribe as for use aa a
club.
Detectives employed by private per
sons are at work ou the Stanford case
at Honolulu, and when their report, Is
made public we may know Just what
thoae- wbo are paying the coats want to
uave'proved. .
Toe recent New York fire should cause
all Mat-dwellers to see that their fire
escapes are not blocked, It being asserted
that practically jll th deaths in that
fire were due to the bad condltlou of
the (Ire-escapee.
A jnan ba been convicted and seut
to the Missouri penitentiary for taking
B0 cents to rote Ju the recent charter
election. In Kansas City when he was
not entitled 4o cast a ballot at all. He
must Lava been cutting pricea ou the
regular denlaeus.
The" firecracker dealers are trying to
raise the Jlmlt on the ordinance prohib
iting the sale of dangerous explosives
fur, Fourth of July celebration., If.the
limit la only raised high enough the
ordinance: will not Interfere at all with
the annual casualty list
TBKTHKtrAfSAS A BHASDISO JtOX-
The remarkable statement given to
the presa over the name of J. H. Ager.
head pass distributer and chief legisla
tive lobbyist of one of the big railroads
of Nebraska, should cause the people of
tbls state, and particularly the law
makers iu session at Lincoln, to pause
and ponder over Its significance. That
the free pass evil is widespread and
permeates the legislature almost without
exceptlou has long been notorious, so
that the charges made by a representa
tive from Nemaha county that the rail
road lobby Is using the influence of their
pass favors to prevent wholesome legis
lation contain nothing new.
When, however, Mr. Ager puts the
shoe on and conies back with the
declaration that the representative In
question is himself a holder of an an
nual pass over his road, and has re
quested and received numerous trip
passes since the session opened, he un
dertakes to use the free pass as a brand
ing iron. Because the pass-accepting
legislator has failed to meet expecta
tions by reciprocating railway favors at
the expense of hia constituents, the pass
distributer denounces him In public and
la effect says to other pass holding legis
lative members: "See- how I have
branded the gentleman from Nemaha.
If you do not carry out the Implied ob
ligations of your free rides you may
expect similar treatment."
The question becomes not whether a
pass Is to be regarded as a bribe, but
whether It is to be employed as a club.
When such practices are pursued every
public official who accepts a railway
pass must know that he puts himself
absolutely at the mercy of unscrupulous
railway hirelings and that he must exe
cute orders from railroad headquarters
without question or refuse only to be
branded in public with an Ineffaceable
mark. Unless the blighting menace of
the free pass is shortly recognized and
averted by stringent legislation before
It grows to more monstrous proportions,
the representative character of our gov
ernment will be - completely destroyed
and our lawmaking bodies will become
mere machines to register the, decrees
of the railroad lobbyists.
yo EIQRT TSAtt LIMIT.
Some uneasiness was caused among
persons in the government service by the
announcement a short time since that
the president had determined to make
changes in offices that had been occupied
eight years consecutively by one man. It
transpires that there was no ground for
such a statement. The matter was dis
cussed at a cabinet meeting a few days
ago, after which it was announced that
the uniform policy will be to retain In
cumbents in office during satisfactory
service, no matter when their terms
began. A Washington dispatch says that
competent public officials need now have
no fear that their terms of offleo will be
ended after eight years' service, but such
as have not made first-class records dur
ing that period might as well prepare
their resignations, as the president Is de
termined on improving the personnel and
efficiency of government officers every
where. Wheu the first report was published
we expressed doubt of Its authenticity,
pointing out that to adopt a policy of re
moving public offlclub who had occupied
their positions eight years, regardless of
their record for faithfulness and effi
ciency, would necessarily have a more or
less demoralizing effect upon the public
service. To remove a man who has done
his duty well, simply because he has
been in office eight years, would be most
unbusiness like and could not fall to
work Injury to the public Interests. Prob
ably there will be many removals of in
competent and unfaithful persons, but
there Is no danger for those who have
proved themselves efficient and faithful.
TUt FTXANCUL SMB.
There appears to be no doubt that the
Russian government la beginning to find
the question of providing money for war
expenses a perplexing one. According to
late dispatches the real hope for any
thing like a successful termination of the
war is admitted to rest upon the pros
pects of the financial exhaustion of
Japan. It Is figured that Russian re
sources can stand the drain better than
those of Japan and It is' thought that a
protracted campaign will bring about the
latter power's financial ruin.
. This seems a vain expectation In view
of the fact that Japan has just nego
tiated an internal loan of 150,1)00,000,
with more offering whenever the govern
ment shall require It The Russian gov
ernment, on the other band, has about
exhausted Its domestic financial re
sources and its ability to borrow abroad
has been very much Impaired. We have
already noted the action of the French
bankers and financiers in regard to a
Russian loan, which was taken before
the Japanese victory at Mukden. Subse
quent reports show that the feeling then
manifested unfavorable to loaning Rus
sia any very large amount has since be
come stronger. It Is stated that French
and German bankers are forcing upon
Russia a decision aa to ber future policy
with scarcely less potent pressure than
Oyama is exercising In Manchuria. The
great financiers of Europe, it Is said,
have intimated In the clearest terms
their refusal to finance a nation whose
present policy will lead to certain disas
ter. Their advice, so report goes. Is Im
mediate peace with Japan on the best
terms obtainable.
If this correctly represents the feeling
in European financial circles It Is evi
dent that the Russian -government Is
about at the end of Its string so far aa
borrowing abroad Is concerned and hav
ing nearly or quite reached the limit In
the taxation of Its own people, where
shall it get the money to meet war ex
pense -estimated to amount to at least
a million and a half dollars a day T This
Is not the least serious of the problems
which confront Russia and It promises to
have a very potent bearing upon the
question of peace. It la not to he doubted
tt tat ir curopean bankers snouia reruse
toilet the RusxUn government have any I
more money for carrying on the war It
would not long hesitate to consider pro
posals for ending hostilities.
WH A T IT ACCOMPLISHED.
The decision of the supreme court of
the United States In regard to the dls
tributlon of tbe stock held by the de
funct Northern Securities company was
in favor of what Is known as the Hill
Morgan coalition, thus leaving It In con
trol of the two railroads embraced in
the merger, the Great Northern and the
Northern Pacific, In view of tola and
the fact that 1 1 1 1 1 and Morgau arefiuan
cial allies, It is contended by some that
competition is as effectually destroyed
as if the merger were legally alive and
tbe question is asked whether, after all
the merger suit has accomplished any
thing whatever, save to cause a good
deal of disturbance and an immense
amount of talk.
In reference to tbls tbe Philadelphia
North American points out that what
has been accomplished by that suit is
the placing of the brand of lawlessness
ou this particular railroad merger, which
Is of large Importance, as the scheme
was one that had been weighed and
tested, until every point was supposed to
be proof, by "the keenest practitioners of
crimes of cunning and the keenest legal
minds in tbelr employ." Another thing
accomplished was placing the endorse
ment of the highest court In the land
upon those long-ridiculed sections of the
Sherman act designed to apply the con
stitution-given power of the federal gov
ernment to tbe fontrol of interstate
commerce. "The decision In tbe North
ern Securities case," says that paper,
"has demonstrated more authoritatively,
clearly and fully than has any other
event of recent years the fact that the
rights of the people of the United States
are co-equal, proportionately, to the
rights of the people of the several states.
It has destroyed a carefully woven web
of legal fiction, which permitted com
mon carriers to protect themselves from
penalties for interstate lawlessness by
taking refuge behind a distorted de
scendant of the old doctrine of state's
rights." It la further pointed out that
what was supposed to be the broadest
and safest road to nation-controlling
railroad monopoly has been closed, while
the case against the Northern Securities
company has accomplished a work of In
estimable value In educating the people
to a realization of their own powers as
opposed to the powers of corporations
once thought to be irresistible.
In order to appreciate the importance
of the government's victory In the
merger case It Is necessary to consider
the1 possible effect of a decision declar
ing the Securities company legal. It
would undoubtedly have been followed
by a general system of mergers until
railroad competition would have been de
stroyed throughout the country. As to
the decision respecting tbe distribution
of the assets of the Securities company,
it does seem open to the objection of de
stroying competition bj leaving Hill in
control of the Great Northern and Mor
gan In control of the Northern Pacific,
but the justice of the decision will hardly
be questioned. ' That tbe result is not
likely to be worse for the public than
If the Harrlman-Rockefeller coalition
bad been successful may safely.be assumed.
The railroad attorneys went Vfore
the legislature and got the terminal taxa
tion bill killed on tbe plea that it would
Interfere with the .mileage distribution
of railroad values and prevent the rural
counties from taxing railroad property
located In the cities. The same railroad
attorneys are appearing in the federal
court in the railroad tax cases, arguing
that the railroads ahould not be com
pelled to pay taxes In these various Ne
braska counties because the assessment
took into consideration tbe value of the
entire system, part of which lies in
other states. Now you see it and now
you don't
There Is a renewal of talk of a war
by Independent packers upon tbe big
packing bouses that are supposed to con
stitute the alleged Beef trust The only
way for the independents to win out is
to do business on a smaller margin by
paying better prices for live stock and
making more attractive prices on the
finished product. In addition to i this
they will have to have packing houses
at the strategic points of the cattle mar
ket, among which South Omaha Is one
of the most Important A big Independ
ent packing house at South Omaha
should be the first step In tbe fight.
City councllmen need not get excited
over tbe provision in tbe new Omaha
charter bill Imposing upon the mayor
tbe duty of approving councllmanlc
bonds. The bonds of Incoming council
men would naturally be presented for
approval to tbe outgoing mayor, so that
there would be no Incentive, even if there
were a possibility, for the mayor to block
the way for a councilman to qualify.
It is not long since the charter made
the council the body to approve all offi
cial bonds, nut no mayor - ever had
trouble securing tbe necessary endorse
ment of his bond.
Jected runs through territory where the
Imaginations of the pipe dreamers are
not so brilliant as those of the Sunflower
stMe.
Premise anil relalon.
, Chicago Tribune.
"Whatever the people want la right." say
Editor P.ryan. Then' whatever the people
don't want, and have eald two or three
time hy their vote that they don't want.
Is wrong, I It tint. 'Mr. Bryan?
Former County Commissioner Con
nolly is to have a three years' exclusive
contract for privileges In Rlvervlew
park. Mr. Connolly's evasion of bis
sewer building contracts with the city
under pretense that be was losing money
on them ought to bar him forever from
having any other city contract. Should
he be threatened with a loss aa park
caterer, be will doubtless try to throw
that agreement up, too.
.' The qualifications laid down as de
sirable In tbe head probationary officer
wbo Is to admlulster the new juvenile
court law makes It plain that no one
except an angel transported from heaven
to earth cau fill that job acceptably.
' 'I '
The principal difficulty with the story
that Independent oil refiners will build a
pipe line over t00 niilcs long from Kiiu
sas to tide water is that- the Hne as pro-
Praising tbe Ooooaltloa.
New Tork Trlbuue.
Mr. Bryan i how praising Governor La
Follette a.i "the first and foremost cham
plon of reform In the republican party In
th United 8tates.''i It keep Mr. Pryan
pretty busy these days praising republican
leaders and statesmen.
Oentna of Home Strategist.
Chicago Chronicle.
Next to the tiding from Mukden the
m at diehtartenlng news that rear hen St
Petersburg them days Is that from Waah
ington, D. C, where the Journalistic mili
tary experts have reached the conclusion
that unless Russia quits right away It will
lose all.
Moalera (snTralrscra la War.
' Bosron Tranecrlpt.
Tho-M two modern Inventions, the tele
phone and the automobile, have had hot
service in the recent series of battles.
Oyama ha used the former to direct the
operation ot his army and Kouropatkln
the latter to get away with.
Good fr All Kinds ef People.
Philadelphia Record.
Booker Washington's advice to the col
ored brethren la eensible as well as sen
tentious. He says: "Eschew cheap jew
elry. Quit taking buggy ride on N i
week.' Don't put a 15 hat on a S-cent head.
Get a bunk account. Get a home of your
own. Get a start In the world. What good
I It to you northern riegroe that you live
In cltlea with paved atreets If you don't
own anything?" There 'are millions of
the white brethren iwho might also profit
by taking to heart Booker's advice.
World's Kalr Graft.
Springfield Republican.
It might have bsn considered strange
were the United State government to get
out of it Bt. Louis exposition Investments
without beiag robbed somewhere along the
line, for that ctty ha a reputation In the
way of "grafting" which 1 wor!d-wlde.
And Indeed U Is the assertion of the chair
man of the government's exposition com
mission, ex-Senator Carter of Montana,
that the salvage contracts for the disposi
tion of the building were "fixed" to the
extent of letting the building go to favored
bidder at a sum $1,000,000 less than might
easily hav been obtained, and that a third
of this lose falls upon the federal govern
ment. Evidently there 1 a chance for the
president to step In and help along the
work, begun by Governor Folk, of cleaning
out that center of corruption and making
further example against future grafter.
1ADEMXIFYIXO JAPAN.
Speculating on he Cash Russia. Will
Be Called tpoa to Pay.
Philadelphia Public ledger.
The indemnity to be exacted by Japan
from Russia will doubtless form a very
Important feature of the treaty of peace
which seem to be "foreshadowed by events
In Manchuria. A" London paper hazards
the prediction tht- Japan 1 not likely to
demand a crushing Indemnity from Russia;
that if It secure tit a LIo Yang peninsula
it will probably accept peace with a mod
erate cash payn)en.,. The usual. considera
tion which dstpjrmlne' the Indemnity
claimed by the v(cior in war are the dura
tion of the campAtjfn; the number of men
placed In the field'' the losses in life, prop
erty and munitions' of war; any Important
uccesses of the defeated army a negligi
ble factor thus far in the present war; the
relative number of prisoners taken on each
aide; the damage suffered by the trade of
the victorious country; the extent and
value of the territory gained by or ceded
to the victor, and the degree of culpability
chargeable to the defeated power. If it was
the aggressor ' l precipitating the war. It
Is estimated by some au.horlties that Japan
ha expended about 1250,000,000 thus far
during th war, a' very considerable sum
Irrespective of other claims and the puni
tive damage, which may bo demanded
from Rusaia.
The Indemnity ' named by Japan in
the first Instance may be afterward ma
terially reduced, as was the case in the
Franco-Prussian War, but In any event the
demand will ImpoHe a heavy obligation
upon Russia unless Japan Is generous
beyond modern precedent. France was
obliged to pay to 'Germany $1,000,000,000, In
Installment extending over three year.
The original exaction of Germany was
$300,000,000 more. In the Ruaso-Turklsh
war of 1877 it - waa arranged that Turkey
hould pay about four-fifth of th sum
originally demanded. No war Indemnity
wa paid more promptly than that due
from Franca to -Germany. The amount
waa fixed la February, 171, and the vast
urn wa fully paid by September 5, 173.
Turkey ha not discharged her indebtedness
to Ruasla, though- the treaty fixing her
liability waa signed in 1878.
The recuperative power of Russia will
be tested by thai promptness with which
the Japanese exaction is met. If Japan
follow her own precedent ahe will exact
an indemnity. In the China-Japan war
of 1S94 China paid an Indemnity ot $173,
600,000, but thla settlement la, of course,
no measure of tbe Indemnity which will
be demanded from Russia.
K( HOES OT THE WAR.
The Rattle mt Makdea Compared with
Other Fames Battle.
Estimate of Rnlan loswes In the battle
of Mukden, In killed, wounded, captured
and mhming, range from 12i000 to 150.it
men, am) the estimates are not all in. and
are not likely to bo for several days.
Similar calculations placed the Russian"
strength in the battle at 360.001. and the
Jupanae fore at 420,(10. Aaeumlng these
figure to be approximately correct, RusMh
has lost at least one-third of Its fighting
force at Mukdon. This loss 1 greater
than the French disaster at Sedan, and
rurpawses the French force In" the bottle
of Waterloo. If to the Russian loss Is
added the Japanese cnsiialtle, placed by
the Japuneae at 41,flno men, the total ex
ceeds the rtrength of the armies at Atister
1 f t at. Antletam, Chlckainattgn, Fontenoy,
Jen. Marengo and Shlloh.
A comparison of the fighting strength of
contending armies and the losses In fa
mous battles throw a strong light on the
havoc wrought at Mukden. Iossea In
cluile the dead, wounded, missing and
prisoners:
Men Enrured
.
SF.WSPAPr.il ADVF.RTtlG.
It
la
Austerllti French
Kussn-Austrlana SO.OK)
Anttetam Federals SVono
Confederates 2H,tV)
Bautien French lio.mo
Allie 90.000
Blenheim Allies 6i,0nr
French-Bavarians fio.ono
Borodino Russians ; . .. .110.000
French 130,(0)
Chlckamatiga Federals RT.ooi
Confederate 60.(0)
Fontenoy French 70,000
Allies K),w
Gettysburg Federal M.soo
Confederate 70,O
Gravelotte Germans 2U.ono
French 140, ix)
Jen French ,..loo,nr)
Prussians 0.(O)
Lelpilg Allies ItO.OOU
French lrto.Ooo
Magenta French-Sardinians fiS.oort
Auetrlans 7B.0(i0
Majulia Hill Boers 4o
English 7oo
Marengo French :.. 28,000
Austrian 33.0UO
Sadowa Prussians
Austrian
Sedan French
Germans
Shlloh Fcde-ala ..,
Confederates ...
Smolensk French .
Russians
in. 000
205,000
150.0ID
2&0.00U
55,001)
40,(0)
175,000
uo.uou
Solferlno Fronch-Surdinlans lS0,(O)
..170,onu
..150,000
..iao,ow
..iU4.71
..144.54
Lo
12.000
30,000
12.410
tt.500
50. one
13.000
11.500
26.000
85.000
45.000
15.851
17.804
11.500
1M
a. 000
'JO. 450
JO.OOO
12.000
io. ooo
17,000
35.000
40,0(0
4.000
17,000
100
1!40
7,000
12.000
10.000
40,000
17,000
8,0(0
13,573
Ji.tJ0
20,0(0
40,000
1H.00O
20.000
25,000
25,000
L1970
2t,(M
ttf.uoo additional
PERSONAL SOTKS.
A London Judge rules that $10 Is too much
for a wife to expect her husband to pay
for a hat, and sets the price reasonably
at $1.80.
Tong Shin Ye,' just appointed Chine
ambassador to Kng)and wa one of the sec.
ond delegation of thirty youth sent to thla
country In 1872 to bi educated.
An Interesting link with the past ha
been removed by the death of th Mare
chale do Saint Amaud. who had lived In
retirement alnc th war of 187a
Joseph J. Little, the publisher, ex-congressman,
twice president of the New Tork
Board of Education, ha tarted for his
first vacation In half a century.
Jerome A. Quay, a brother of the late
senator, I to be consul at Florence, Italy.
For some time past he has been superin
tendent of the ktate reform school at Mor
ganta. Pa. Mr. Quay wa tendered a con
aulat and chose Florence, the salary at
that post being $1,600 a year.
Governor Johnson ha decided that water
from Minnehaha fall shall be uaed in
chrlatening the battleship Minnesota. It la
understood that th water will be car
bonlsed so a to give it the proper "flu"
when th bottle la broken. Mia Roae Marl
Schaller, a univeraity student, ha been
choaen to christen th war veasel
Simeon Ford, the clever after-dinner hum
orist of New York, ay it I well to listen
to th most dreary talkers, for sometime
they aurprlae' everybody by saying clever
thing. M wa at a dinner not long ago
when the sneaker of th evening waa phe
nomenally dull aud wordy, but near the
end of hi long oration he aJd something
very funny. Everybody wa about ready
to fall to aleep when th speaker said:
"And now, aa Lady Godlva observed when
returning from her ride, 'I am neartng my
clothe.' " the remark rouaed hi auditor
to such fit of laughter that th speaker
fAMxed to uki hi seal.
Austrian
Wagranj French ,
Austrian
Waterloo Allies
French
Killed and wounded;
bui rendered.
i
The master mind of the Japanese army
in this and preceding battles la Iwawo
Oyama, marshal of the empire and field
marshal of Japan. He Is 62 years of age.
Oyama In ot a noble family and waa born
In Satsuma. A hereditary count, he was
raised to his present title for brilliant serv
ice In the war with China. He began his
career in the war of the restoration, prov
mg himself so able that he wa made a
major general In 1872 and sent to Europe,
where he spent three years studying mili
tary science. He was made vlcu minister
of war in 1875, and in the following year,
when the first rebellion against the new or
der of things broke out he was placed In
command of the army, quickly silencing
the uprising.
'In the second, and greater uprising, In
1877, led by his cousin. Count General T.
Salgo, a remarkable soldier, he was In the
field seven months against the rebel. In
ttrla campaign he demonstrated that his
new levies of young men from all classes.
but mostly from commoners, were equal
to the Satsuma gentry. Oyama personally
led in the final battle, in which the rebels,
scortilng urrender, were annihilated.
Upon his return to Toklo the mikado per
sonally thanked him, appointed him to one
high military office after another, and in
1880 mado him minister of war.
In 1890 he was made a full general, a
rank then held only by himself and Tama-gata.
He was In command of the second army
of Invasion, in the war with China, con
ducting the extensive campaign that re
sulted In the capture of the two great
Chinese strongholds, Port Arthur and Wel-Hal-Wel,
both of which were considered
Impregnable.
Oyama's science and gallantry in sweep
ing the Chinese out of Wel-Hal-Wel and
destroying their navy excited th highest
admiration from the foreign military and
naval observers. Returning once more to
Toklo a victor, he was laden with honors,
was made a marquis and promoted, with
Yamagata, to the special rank of field mar
shal. Oyama mado a second tour of Europe in
1884, and upon his return Inaugurated many
reforms and Improvements In the Japanese
army. Ho Is in the prime of life, and is
said to have proved himself to be the best
equipped In body and mind of-all the Jap
anese leaders. He is especially noted for
infusing Ills own confidence Into hi men,
even in tho humblest soldier.
Except as the theater of the greatest bat
tle In modem history and as the capital of
the province which gave to China tho pres
ent "G.-eat Pure Dynasty," Mukden la not
a particularly interesting city. Like Peking
the old capital of the Manchu 1 walled,
it has It miniature Temple of Heaven and
other points of similarity; but all it glories
are of the paot, and In the eyes of the Chi
nese government Its chief Importance llo
in the fact that it la the guardian of the
tomb of the first great ancestor of the Man
chu emperors of China. The tomb of Tal
Tsung, son of Nurhachu, and those of his
successors, lie not in the city, but hidden
In peaceful groves near by. and to the ori
ental mind they have a sanctity only to
be comprehended by those who hav
learned to know the full significance of
the ancestor worship which Is the bust of
the religion of the Mongolian race.
Mukden has, however, an Importance of
it own, aa a city of about 250,000 Inhabi
tant, and as the manufacturing and trad
ing center of the southernmost of the thre
province of Manchuria, that which I by
far the beat developed. In addition to be
ing th market for the agricultural popu
lation of Fengtlen it ha also a consider
able trade in furs and mineral products;
and it Is, of course, the seat of the provin
cial government. In the Innermost of its
nine divisions is an Imperial palace, with
the usual examination walls and adminis
trative buildings.
The following comment on the situation
In the far east is taken from a personal
letter Just received from Toklo by the New
York Sun. The writer of the letter Is In
close touch with Japanese officialdom and
Is a man whose opinion era entitled to
consideration. Heaaya:
I do not think the Japanese will follow
Kouropatkln beyond Mukden or Ttaltng.
After they get those place. In th spring,
they will probably go for Vladivostok bv
sea, landing a large fore north or south
of it. and isolating It by cutting th rail
road between It and Harbin. A soon aa
navigation opens if the Baltic fleet ha not
come out, or if It has come and been crip
pled or destroyed Vladivostok will prob
ably be the point of attack. Ho fur as my
Information goea. the broad plan la to hold
southern Manchuria, take Vladivostok, anil
not follow the Russians much farther In
land. I dubt very mu.-h whether they will
gu to Harbin, even If Kouropatkln retreata
there. All they want la Port Arthur, Vladi
vostok, southern Manchuria and th sea
coast. Their lines of communication will
then be short and their position will b
tremendously strong.
This view of the Manchurlan situation I
not entirely new, hut It Is of Interest a
the statement of a competent observer who
is In clos contact with Japanese affairs.
All tartra.
Chicago Chronicle.
The declaration by Charles 8. Young, ad
vertising manager ef the Chicago,. Mil
waukee tt St. Paul railway, In a university
extension lector that railways have found
newsparer advertising more profitable than
any other form vt advertising points to a
truth that has been growing steadily In
recognition for several years. It Is only
natural that It won early recognition aa
truth among those In a vocation, attract
ing, a railroading confessedly does, a large
hare of the best ability of the age.
Concurrently with railway managers, the
managers of all kinds of theatrical and
other amusements, another vocation de
manding the most alert Intelllgt nee. recog
nised this same truth, and the huge crop of
posters, lithographs and other "window and
wall paper" they had long maintained dis
appeared.
The superlative quality of any particular
thing could hardly be fortified more con
cliiKlvely than by thes two unqualified
testimonies In precept and practice from
two of the professions In which It Is mot
of all neees'iiry that methods shall be both
Intelligent and modern in the best sense.
Modern advertising may be said to have
been born with the modern newspaper and
to have grown up with It practically as a
part of It. Its aim Is the dissemination
among men and women of prompt knowl
edge of where they may secure on the most
acceptable terms ' whatsoever they may
legitimately desire. Its best medium,
therefore, is ohe which keeps abreast with
its tlnie, takes hold on the attention of the
largest number of people who want things
and maintains for Itself a character for
honesty, responsibility and Intelligence
that commands the respect and confidence
of the community.
This Is something which the newspaper,
regarded a a whole, has done and doe.
The profession - has unworthy member,
whose assertion even of a known truth
tend to taint It with suspicion, but their
circulation Is mainly under foot and they
have not shaken public faith In the news
paper that Is clean nd decent.
The newspaper-reading habit probably
tends next in universality to the eating
habit. The newspapers reach and are read
by practically the whole people, not only
those on whose doorsteps or In whose post-
office boxes they are laid every day. but
alio the hlftina. transient elements of
the community who have no doorsteps nor
postofflce boxes and yet must buy some
thine to eat or wear or otherwise use in
dally life.
No other agency on earth speak daily to
a clientele so colossal in numbers and cos
mopolitan in character. No other has
such unfailing access to the ear of the peo
ple or Is so promptly and universally
turned to when Information Is desired. In
this, as In all human affairs, what the
newspaper print 1 ot value, as regards
those for whom and those to whom It
speaks, precisely In proportion to the high
character It maintains for Itself.
The enormous value of advertising, if It
were attested In no other way, would be
demonstrated by the hosts of imitators
and would-be rivals it has tempted. Even
the monthly magaslnes have not been
above the temptation, though observant
men know their unfitness even as for tele
graphic Intelligence, while the dally news
paper, speaking thirty times as often,
speaks to many hundred times more
hearers.
ma
CBE452 - 1
IS
Improves the flavor
and adds to the health
fulness of the food.
ml
AGAIXST RATE CONTROL.
Railroads Seeking; the Aid of Com
mercial Bodies.
San Francisco Chronicle.
The railroad companies, having had th
Influence In the senate to prevent action on
the rate bill at the recent session of con
gress, are now bending every energy to
ranging the commercial bodies) of the
United States In opposition to the action
proposed by the president and house of rep
resentatives. To a certain extent commer
cial bodlea are within the power of the rail
roads a th law now stands, and the rail
roads evidently hope to exert pressure
enough to Induce these .bodlea to humbly
petition thst they may be continued In that
condition. To what extant they will suc
ceed we do not know. What we do know Is
that commercial bodies, repreaentlng almost
exclusively the middlemen, are neither the
authorized nor the appropriate representa
tives of the great masses of producers and
consumers whose Interests are Involved.
It Is conceded on alt sides that the federal
government has the power to control rates.
Having the power, it has also the responsi
bility, which it cannot evade, of exercising
that power In the interests of the whole
people. There can be but two excuses for
failure to exercise that power. One would
be that the railroads themselves act with
entire Justice In rate-making. That, we
think, is not claimed by anybody. It Is con
ceded that abuse exist. The other reason
would be. the Impossibility of creating gov
ernmental 'machinery for the Just exercl-e
of the rate-making power. That, In fact, is
virtually th contention which Is made by
the railroads. It Is not a sound contention.
It is possible to create a federal tribunal
which shall be both competent and Just.
The rates are now fixed by the agreement
of traffio manager. They are. and will con
tinue to be, the court of flrat Instance. The
rates fixed by the traffic men are rates fixed
In the light of perfect knowledge of details
and under the pressure of all the forma of
competition to which railroad traffic Is sub
ject. Ordinarily they are, and will be, fair
and reasonable In interstate traffic, and no
one will have reasonable cause of com
plaint. Sometime they will not be. In the
struggle preceding the fixing of a rat it
may well be that there will be sometimes
a preponderating fore which will secure
undJe advantage for Itself. It Is when thl
' ' II i i i II.. ss
Is alleged that responsibility, rests with th
power having the paramount authority to
Intervene. nd Intervene effectively. Th
members of the Interstate Commsrc com
mission re themselves trained men and
traffic experts. They do not originate ac
tion, and before they pas upon a rate they
have before them. In evidence and in argu
ment, every fact and every consideration
which was a factor in the'origlnal fixing of
the rate by the traffic men., With this In
formation, with a wealth of experience snd
precedent to guide them, themselves being
experts In traffic, It Is absurd to contend
that the members of the commission are not
competent to act wisely and Justly. Aud no
outcry of the railroads or of any number
of commercial bodies will ever convince the
public to the contrary. .
SAID 1 FI X.
Austere Aunt F don't consider It keeplnc
Lent at all. Minerva, when you stuff your
self with all kinds of pickles. .
Miss Minerva That's unjust, auntie. 1
nun. cmmin jriuuiif.
"Prof. Skiggs has a wonderful mind."
"Yea." answered Miss Cayenne. "When
you think how hnrrl one of bis lectures Is
to listen to, you shudder to think of the
cerebral strain It must have taken to evolve
It. Washington Star.
"Ye" Colonel Bragg waa saying, "it was
an awful experience. While I was passing
through It I felt sure that even If 1 escaped
with my life It would leave me hopelessly
Insane. i ' '
"Ann mnn t it7' asseo miss i-emerorana
Philadelphia Catholic Standard.
"Really." remarked the lasy cad
been wondering what to give up durl
Lent."
"Well," remarked Miss Pepprey, "you
might give up your seat In a Mtreet car oc
casionally." Philadelphia Press.
"P
suit esse, ruefully.
forgot to give me a
i
"There!" said the
"That baaauae maji
check and now I'm broke!
"I wish I could help you," answered the
Saratoga trunk, "hut tbe fact Is I'm strap
ped, myself." Cleveland Leader.
Muggins What mnkes you think your boy
is ambitious to be s. railroad man?
Buaalns Just from the way he alama the
doora. Philadelphia Record.
"Do you think the government will own
th' rallwaya?"
"I dunno," answered Farmer Cnrntossel.
"But I'm willing to predict that If the rail
way companies ever do aell out to the gov
ernment the profits will b big erwmgh to
keep 'em from mlssln' the dividends."
Washington Star.
De Grippes Great heaven! There's
log to be a collision and we'll all
killed.
Tightwad Just my luck. I went and
bought a round trip ticket. Cleveland
Leader.
"I suppose you are glad of the rest that
adjournment brings?"
"Well." answered the candid congress
msn. "I don't care so much about the rest.
But If Congress didn't adjourn once In a
while there wouldn't be any mileage."
Washington Star.
"Some day you may he president of the
I'nited States," said the patronizing per
son. "I hsrdly think so," answered the small
boy with pectacles. "My parents would
never eonsent to my standing out of door
on a March day to be Inaugurated.
Washington Star.
"So you couldn't persuade that man
run lor congresar j
"No, He say he'd be expected to glTO'
nair nis salary oar io ms cousuiuenis in
contributions, and he doesn't live far
enough from Washington to mnke the mile
age an object." Washington Star.
"Yes." said th first burglar, disgustedly.
"I cracked a lawyer' house the other night
and th lawyer was there with a gun all
resriv fur me. He advised me ter Kit out.
"You got off easy," repnen tn otner.
"Not much I didn't! He haraed me
fur the advice." Philadelphia Catholic
Standard.
WE WOVDEB.
Somervllle Journal.
We hear men crltlclie the csar.
And say he Is a fool,
A coward, end a reprobate,
I'nflt, of course, to rule.
They knock at Kouropatkln, too,
And Jeer at him "Ho! ho!"
They say he Isn't good for shucks
We wonder how they know.
We hear them carp at Rooeeevlt, too,
They beg leave to dissent
From any Idea, that he I lit
To run the government.
They tell us that the Philippine
Will bring us heap of wo
Before the century is out
We wonder how they know.
They say the country's going wrong,
And prophesy a crash.
They tell us In a year or two
We'll see an awful smash.
In ahort. they say. the world Is mad
And everything will go
To ruination, aura aa fata
W wonder how they know.
b
LL IX,.
F2 Tfl&y
I a w m
tavws
Ataa
Want to try an experiment?
Then take any one of the hundreds of
new medicines on the market.
They come, they go, and are
soon forgotten. . H.
Or want to be cured?
Then take a medicine that
has been tested and tried,
generation after genera
tion. A medicine that has
been a household remedy
for sixty years. Ayer's
Sarsaparilla.
Intelligent, thoughtful
people are relying more and more upon
this old standard preparation.
Ma4 kg C. arsr C. . Lewsll. BTaaa.
a sirs -inas.Vu th hair.
CHAMBY P-CTOHAk 00.
iTtB'l tLf.a-f'st aaaatlaaMaa.
Tkfcva AGU CUkK tot bmUii 1 C.