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About Omaha daily bee. (Omaha [Neb.]) 187?-1922 | View Entire Issue (March 5, 1905)
1 TI1E OMAITA' ILLUSTRATED BEE. March R, 11WV. Labor Unions Experiment with Admission of Clerical Delegates In V. OTTTH. PRTTSTDEXT ' CEN TRAX, LABOR UNION. E. C. BURKETT OP THE TYPOGRAPHICAL UNION. OMAHA fey. HE recent Interchange of fra ternal delegates by the Omaha Ministerial association and the Central Labor union Is the be ginning of a movement that many believe will be productive of great result. The representatives of the mln ' istry and the unions are professedly con ' scientlous In their efforts to bring about i a closer relation and a better understand . lng between the church and the labor ' unions' and to to appreciate more fully the alms and purposes of each. Louis V. Ouye, president of the Central Labor union and Edward M. Birch and E. L. Burkett of the Printers' union sat as fra ternal delegates at the last meeting of the Ministerial association. In return the ministers elected Rev. E. Conible Smith, pastor of the First Methodist church; Rev. J. E. llummon, pastor of the Kountze Memorial Lutheran church, and Rev. B. F. Fellman, pastor of the Grace Baptist church, as delegates to sit at the meetings of the Central I.abor union. An effort to get the church and the labor union In closer touch was broached a year ago, but took no definite shape until the recent visit of Rev. Charles Stelz'.e. work ing man's secretary. of the Presbyterian board of missions. Rev. Mr. Btelzle's Ideas were not at first looked on with much favor, but when he and Rev. T. V. Moore, pastor of the Westminster Presbyterian church, presented the matter more at length before the members of the Ministerial as sociation, then It wan that some enthusiasm was manifested In the plan and the super structure laid for future work along this of tbe Ministers. It Is the special work of Rev. Mr. Stelzle to present the respective viewpoints of the ministers and the worklngman one to the other ajid to draw them closer together. In a recent talk on the subject he said: "To 'say to the worklngman, 'We can do nothing EDWARD M. BIRCH OF THE" PRINT ING PRESSMEN'S UNION. for you because you do not belong to the church," is the same as if the authorities of a hospital should say to the patients, 'We can da nothing for you because you are sick.' If the worklngman does not belong to the church there Is. all the more need for going forth to get him In. Among a great many Intelligent people labor , unions are not understood. I have met Intelligent men who are convinced that unions meet to con coct plots for the overthrow of society und the destruction of life and property. The ministers of the churches do not have a chance to come In touch 'with the labor unions and catch their spirit. I hive noticed that the spirit of opposition to the church among the labor leaders Is decreasing and that many of the best type of leaders are active In the churches. . , What May Be Accomplished. "Do you think this exchange of fraternal delegates will result in lasting good?" was asked of Rev. J. E. llummon, one of the delegates from the Ministerial association. "I sincerely, believe It .wlH." was the re ply. "Of course, much will depend on the members of the delegation and the extent to which they endeavor to carry out their respective missions. d But I believe the del egates are much in earnest In the matter and It will boar fruit in abundance. Their purpose Is to bridge the little misunder standings that may exist between the church ond the labor .unions. Just what re sults will materialize and Jiow they will' be wrouKht Is a matter for the future. The ministerial delegation will attend the Cen tral Labor union meetings from time to time, and brlnjr back suggestions to the Ministerial association, while the Central T.abor union delegates will follow a similar line of activity, thus Krlkng a happy me dium between the two bodies. "Before we can get the laboring people Interested ' In the church , of God we must give them a clear understanding of o-ir alms and purposes. We must lend a hand In the solution of their Industrial problems, and show them the church Is Interested, not only In their eternal welfare, but in their temporal good. The church of Christ stands for every man and every mnn Is welcome. Such Is the teaching of the lowly Nnzarenc. There Is no question that the church is a good place for the worklngman. It makes of him a better mnn In every respect. The Scriptures teem with teachings that ore Just as pertinent to the worklngman as the capitalist, and which will ameliorate -the worklngman's condition If he will but honestly and sincerely take them to heart. The lodges recognize the divine word by In corporating part of It Jn their rituals. Misunderstood by Ministers. "To a large degree the ministry misun derstands the purposes and problems of labor unions. The majority of the clergy know nothing or have nothing to say about labor problems except on occasions of strikes, and then very often they criticize or condemn rather than lend them counsel and advice, which Is a lamentable thing. By sending the delegates Into the labor meet ings it Is the hope of the ministry to be come acquainted with conditions ns they actually exist, and to offer a helping- hand In the work the unions have to do. When fit ! BKV. E. CriMBTR SMITH. PASTOR REV. J. K. HtlTMON, PASTOR KOUNTZE REV. B. F. nTTMORE. PASTOI? ORACH FIRST MET UOD1ST CHURCH. MEMORIAL LUTHERAN CHURCH. BAPTIST CHURCH. you stop to think It over, there is not such a far cry after all from the alms and pur poses of one to those of the other. "There is another phase of the subject that Is worthy of more than passing notice and that is the good this move will surely do in the way of Impressing on the minds cf those already within the church their duty to those without, particularly the worklngmtin. "The church needs the worklngman; the worklngman needs the church. When both understand each other the better there will be a closer relation than fow exists, and may God speed the time when that closer relation shall come to pass." From, the Side of the I'nlon, Louis V. Guye, president of the Central Labor union, Is of the opinion that the labor organisations have minlHtered and are ministering to economic conditions which the church has neglected, which he believes la the reason for the worklngman drifting away from the church, if It be a fact that the worklngman is drifting away from the church to the extent of making the matter a paramount Issue In our social economy. "At any rate,", says Mr. Guye, "the church seems to be coming to us, as may be Instanced In this movement of exchanging fraternal delegates. The Ministerial asso ciation has sent delegates to us that they may become better acquainted with organ ized labor, rather than to preach to the worklngman. I firmly bellovo this Inter change of representatives will result In much good both to the labor unions and the church. The labor unions are open to con viction and ready to accept anything that will better the condition of the laboring class. "Our broad educational agencies, the spirit of mutual support and assistance, are directed to the securjemcnt of better sani tary conditions fof .tire shop, counting room, fn' ory and mines, for the preservation of the health of the workmen, the shorter working day, the restriction of child labor and the elevation of the qharacter of Its members by the trades union. In its struc ture Is contained all that makes man broader, more perfect and higher minded, morally, socially, physically and Intellec tually. In our efforts we ore attempting to secure from tho employers only a fair and Just share of the fruits of our toll. Experi ence has proven that no class of society othor than ourselves will ever care for the welfare of the workers. In the support of such aims we are often forced, contrary to our own desires, to resort to the use of the sympathetic strike and boycott, neither of which Is regarded as a principle of our or ganization, being looked upon simply as weapons with which to defend ourselves. "The Central Ibor union Is glad to grasp the hand of fellowship and to help In the welding process of any common Interests that may be found from time to time, and to come into a closer relation with the ministers and the church." New Things in Tobacco Will Add Millions to the National Wealth w CCwpyrtght, MSP. by Fraak O. Carpenter.) IA8HINGTON, D. C, March 2. . (Special Correspondence of The Bee.) I take off my hat to the Agricultural department! It Is the fairy godmother of Uncle Sam's children. It waves Its wand and ten blatiej of grass grow wheio none would grow be fore. It nods Its head and a wheat crop comes from the Atlas mountains and cov ers the dry lands of Texas and the far west. It speaks and the lowlands of the south are green with rice fields equal to those of China and Japan. It again shakes its rod and the nitrogen of the air, har nessed to bacteria bred In the department stables, makes mother earth produce as she has not produced before. The Agricultural department is the great creative depart ment of the government. It Is the depart ment that is doing things, and it has done so much since Secretary Wilson took charge of it tha't it is now giving object lessons to every nation on the globe. A few years ago it was laughed, at as a seed-sending, gopher-farming organization. It . is now known as a great scientific Institution, operated for the enrichment of the coun--try and the people. It has today more than 1,090 scientists, experimenting liere and In other parts of the world, and about the only restriction of Its possibilities lies in the meager appropriations which congress gives to carry on Its work. I here advise every farmer in the United States to write his own congressman that the Agricultural department be treated liberally In the way of appropriations, for In doing so he Is putting money Into his own pockets and those of Uncle Sam. Onr III Tobacco Crop. Tou have already heard how we are ad ding to our corn crop. The Increase in its value within ten years, through careful seed selection, will give us enough money to build the Panama canal two or three times over. Hundreds of millions of dol lars will be added to the south by new dis coveries as to raising cotton, and I want to show you some of the wonders discovered during the lust year along the line of to baccos. Tobacco has been one of our big money crops since the very beginning of things. The plant was not known until America was discovered. Columbus saw the natives smoking It during his first voyage, and a physician who was sent to Mexico by Philip II. of Spain brought back the first to bacco plants to . Europe. About the samo 'time Jean Nicot, the French ambassador to Portugal, sent- some tobacco seed to Kath arine de Medici, then queen of France; and from him, the name Nicotlana was given to it and from that we get the nicotine as the poison of tobacco today. It was In 1586 that the first Virginia tobabco was taken to England, and it was in 1,612 that John Rolfe, the husband , of Pocahontas', be came the flrst.clvlllzed tobaccor grower and raised tobacco for export. Shortly after this ' the demand became so great that tobacco was raised generally in our south ern colonies. It was used as money and a ship load of girls who were brought over from England to be -married to the first settlers of Virginia were sold there at 100 ( pounds of tobacco and upwards apiece. From then on the business grew rapidly, j A hundred years before the Declaration I of Independence England was collecting j 1600.000 annually in tobacco duties, and the product of Maryland and Virginia alone, a little more than fifty years later, was worth In the neighborhood of '$2,000, 000. Tobacco became fashionable in nil parts of Europe.' It rapidly ssread to Africa and Asia and today there is hardly a place In the big round world where it Is not more or less used. Indeed, the tobacco business of today Is an American monopoly. We control the trade of England and the continent, and our big Tobacco trust has its branches in every part of the world. With IU affiliated companies It has a capital of about $600, 000,000, and It Is paying dividends upon that amount. Tobacco manufacturing Is steadily growing In "the United States. .There are more than 15,000 establishments of this kind In the country and they em ploy 160,000 hands. They use raw material worth (100,000,000 and their output has a value three times or more that amount. The Industry is found in every city and the cigar store In every town, and I might say cigars, cigarettes and tobacco at every cross road in the United States. Million Acres of Tobacco. ' In order to show what the crop means to the United States, let me give you a few figures: We had last year more than 1,000,000 acres under cultivation and we raised In round numbers 816.000,000 pounds or more than ten pounds for every man, woman and child in the country. This to bacco came from a dozen different states, and it was by no means confined to the south. Here are the localities which pro duced it. I give round numbers only: Acres. Pounds. Kentucky 338,000 267,000,000 North Carolina 216,000 136,000,000 Virginia ,....162,000 121,000,000 Wisconsin 62,000 70.000,000 Ohio 60,000 61.000,000 Tennessee 71,000 60,000,000 South Carolina 40,000 24.000,000 Pennsylvania 1,000 22,000,000 Connecticut 13,000 21,000,000 Maryland i 33,000 21,000,000 New York 8,000 9,000,000 This product brings in several hundred million dollars a year In the way of gross receipts. It is one of the most profitable crops to the government. It Is classed .as a luxury and heavily taxed. Altogether the treasury gets more than 165,000.000 a year out of such duties and taxes; and last year the revenue tax from tpbacco alone amounted to more than $44,000,000. The vr.!ue of the crop is enormous. As far back as 1890, according to an estimate which I have, 'our tobacco products brought In more money than the printing and publishing trades. The people were then paying as much for tobacco as they were for boots and shoes and twice as much as they paid for sugar. Their tobacco cost them more than all their magazines, books and newspapers, and since then it has Increased rather than diminished. Snuffing is looked upon by many as a custom of the past, but the taxes on the snuff usod to tickle Uncle Sam's nose la year brought In more than $1,000,000; and we are now making enough snuff annually to give every man, woman and child in the country a quarter of n. pound. We use something like 7,000,000,000 cigars and 1,000.000,000 cigarettes every year and an enormous quantity of smoking tobacco. Many people think that chewing is dying out, but the product of plug tobacco made in 1903 was enough to give every man, woman and child In the United States two and one-half pounds, and in addition there were 12,000,000 pounds of fine cut. The snuff made that year amounted altogether to 22,000,000 pounds, .and, strange to say, 6,000,000 pounds were made in Delaware, 9.000,000 In Maryland and much of the bal ance In Pennsylvania, New Jersey and Tennessee, Tobacco at Ten Uollors a Pound. The most of the tobacco raised In the' United States is low grade tobacco. The lands In many parts of. the country are si ' ' i - - " ' w3 V' , - 'sV Ufa t if VI isiJ., sTs!. , ....m worn out, the variety Is poor and the yield per acre comparatively small. In some years It does not yield on the average 7 cents per pound to the producer. Neverthe less, we imported more than 33,000,000 pounds of tobacco leaf In 1903, and paid out more than $17,000,000 for it, or more than 60 cents per pqund. The cost of our Imported to- TOBACCO INSIDB A TENTED FIELD. bacco last year was greater still, for some of it wo paid $10 and upward per pound. What the Agricultural department Is trying to do is to teach our tobacco growers to raise this expensive product at home. Ex periments to that effect are being made In Connecticut and Florida, and the discov eries of the present year. promise success. They also show that the general grade of tobacco over the whole U-nlted States can be raised, and the value of the crop made enormously greater. The fancy tobacco farming which is now going on Is perhaps the most expensive farming on earth. There are plantations In Connecticut which annually cost $1,000 an Gasoline Motor to a Supplant Locomotive mm 1 T XT' . 1 I voDnllnA I I motor car, Just completed at the I ahrkrvm In Omnlm l pvrteetetl to work wonders In suburban and local passenger traffic. With Its high speed and low cost of operation It. bids fair to become an Important factor In railroad transportation, and it is ru mored that the Union Pacific Is already figuring on a full equipment of twenty-five cars of similar design for the same num ber of railroads to use on its various lines as trial cars. Tho car is thirty feet In length and of the width of the ordinary coach. It has a cigar-shaped front end and a smooth torpedo-shaped top,' which offers little re sistance to the air. It is equipped with a self-regulated, perfectly balanced, 100-horse powir, six-cylinder gasoline engine, with all Its accompanying mechanism; an Inde pendent neetylene gas plant and lighting generator, with full equipment of the latest design and pattern; a complete hot water heating system; an active speed re cording and self-acting signal outfit, with Indicator dials and arms; two complete sanders of unique design; a complete and perfect working high speed automatic pump feed attachment; bealdes Innumerable res ervoirs, primers, storage batteries, emer gency hand brake and other details. Many disadvantages connected with former motor cars have been overcome.' Some of theso are question of noise in the exhaust of the engine, quickness in start ing and stopping and' general facility in changing speed. The difficulty of throwing gears In and out of mesh when moving has been overcome by the construction of a delicate speed synchronizer which is positive) In Its action. The driver has sim ply to glance nt the Indicator to know which lever to move to make a change without danger to the mechanism. In point of finish the ear is a masterpiece of the decorator's art. The exterior of the body is a, rich maroon enamel, bordered with stripes of silver lead, while the trueks are a Jet black. The interior Is finished in hard white wood and furnished ' with leather upholstered seats, wall mirrors and French glass windows. W. R, McKeen, superintendent of motive power and ma chinery, supervised the building of the car. Its initial trip will be made Tuesday to Valley and return. In the Land of the Free EM E TURNED now Into Eldrldge street and drove slowly through lines of peddlers' carts until we came to a barber's polo in front of a doorway. A black-haired woman peered at us curiously from a win dow over red and blue announcements, In Yiddish, of various balls In the neighbor hood. This was No. 169, the home of Ab ram Rablnovltch, whom we presently found In two rooms of the rear tenement, room that wero clean and neut, despite their povenfV, and that showed a womttn' effort to make them bright and homelike. The woman lay on a bud in the buck room In a sort of stupor. It was partly the heat, for the place was stifling and the windows tight shut, but It was partly want of food, as we realised when she murmured "milk hunger." She was not over 23, and. as (he lay .there pale and otlll, she looked quite beautiful. The husband's grief was pltful. When the baby came, htTsald, seven days before, there was no money and no food. For three days he had given his wife tea, nothing else, he had nothing else. Then a visitor left him 60 cents and he bought her a chicken. Fl himself he bought some stale bread, and for lftle Israel, one year old (he was holding Israel tn bis arms), ha bought stale bread ulso. He would not have us think 111 of him would we come awuy from the door lest the neighbor? hear. He had never told anyone uf their destitution, he had his prlile, he hud always been nl'le to keep up the home, earning good mcney at the sweat shop by sewing cm boys' punts $a or $6 a week and they had been happy, Lena and ho. In their two years of married lire, happy und thankful. But now well, he had been out of work for three month.-. Only twice in that time hud he found any thing to do. and thut was in the big snow storm, when he BhovcleJ with the street cleaning gang shoveled throug'a two bitter nights, and thut was all he had earned. He tried to go on, but his feelings choked him, ho could only point to his wife with a look of tenderness and grief whlla a big tear fell on the child In his arms. Whut was he to do? People raid he was strong and could work. W, but whttia was the work? And how could he leave his wife? Who would bring water to her parched lips? And how could he leave the little boy? Besides, it was too late, the rent was due tomorrow, $10 for the land lord, and if it was not paid If It was not paid-. With a gexture of dumb dep:ilr he pointed to the dour. Cleveland Moffrtt In Success. L ! 0 f I 0 0 'I 7 if.' 0 1 acre to run, not Including the cost of the land. On these plantations the seed Is sown In hotbeds heated by steam pipes and covered with glass, and the plants are set out under great tents, acre after acre being covered with cloth supported by posts, In order "to give the plants about the same temperature as they . have in the tropical countries from where our finest tobacco leaves come. Iet me give you the cost of a single acre of such tobacco raising. The plantation I speak of Is an Irrigated one and It cost about $400 an acre for water. Its cover costs $300 per acre, fertilizer $100 per Acre, cultivation and planting $100, and In addition there are other expenses which bring up the total cost 'to about $1,000. Sumatra, Tobacco. In Connecticut. Experiments like this have been at tempted on a large scale In Connecticut: There are thousands of acres under cloth. The planters have found that they have a soli about like that of Sumatra, and by this cloth they can get a climate much the same. They have taken Sumatra, tobacco seed and planted 'it, and In this way are at tempting to raise, the costly Sumatra to bacco wrappers used for our choice cigars,. What has been their success? Until this year tliey have practically failed. The Sumatra seed brought Into Connecticut in 1901 left its original type, and through the difference of soli and cli mate broke up into hundreds of different types, each distinct in Itself. The success ors of. theee types made other types, and the planters were In despair. Some of the types had a large round Sumatra leaf which is so valuable, for six cigar wrappers can be cut out of it, but others were long and stringy and more like shoestrings than the valuable Sumatra type. This was the case when the scientists of the agricultural department began to study the matter and to experiment with It. Mr. A. D. Shame!, whose work In' corn I have already referred to, was sent to Cuba to study the tobacco there. He went to Con necticut and experimented, and after a time found that by talcing certain plants which had the proper Sumatra .leaf and ooverlng them with bags to prevent the in sects from bringing any pollen from other plants to fertilize them, that the seed grown Inside those bag plants would, when planted, reproduce all the characteristics of the original plants. The male and the female elements of the tobacco pnt are found on the same stem, but you may have a high 'grade tobacco plant and a bee or other Insect which has come from some poor starved mongrel plant of the same race may carry on Its legs some of the pollen which will fertilize the former plant. The experimenters prevented this by tbe bags, and they have now found that when they get a plant of the right kind they can reproduce it without limit. , ' The Ilttle Tobacco Seed. What this means can only be appreciated by those who understand something of to bacco and the seed. How big do you, think a" tobacco seed Is? The plant grows to be taller than a man. It has leaves from twenty to fifty Inches long and from three to eighteen inches wide. One could think the seed might be the size of a walnut. It Is, In fact, about the smallest seed known. I have before me a bottle .about half the length of my little finger,' not so large around. It contains 26,000 such seeds. Each seed is not much bigger than the point of a pin. Neverther less. It produces this mighty plant, and. more wonderful still, on the plant will grow from 600,000 to 700,000 seeds. A single seed of tobacco will In one planting produce half a million children. It will furnish enough seed to -plant 100 acres of tobacco, and that seed has in it all the hereditary germs of the plant from which It comes. The seeds grow in pods, of which there may be a hundred on a ningle seed plant, each pod containing from 5.000 to 7,000 seeds. Growing Seeds In Bngs. The agricultural scientists have found that If they take one of the long-leaved plants and Inclose it in a hag its seed will produce a. long-leaved plant, with all Its' characteristics. If they take a full, round leaf of the kind needed for wrappers Its seed, if so treated, will produce the same type; and this is true not only as to the shape of the leaf, but as to tho flavor of the tobacco. In other words, whatever the character of the tobacco plant, they can reproduce It tinder similar circumstances by merely keeping Its seed true to type. They can go to the field and select the Ideal plant and grow the next year a whole field of such plants, instead of the ragged, poor plants found in the rest of tbe field. ' They have discovered that they cannot only better the shape of the leaf, but also Increase the number of leaves on the stalk. Pome tobaoco stalks may have only flvs leaves on them, whereas others may have forty. The seed from the forty-leaved stalks, properly treated, will produce plants having many leaves, often as many as forty, and thus greatly increase the size of tho crop. If they take seeds from plants having but few suckers the children of those plants and each seed, you must re member, may have 600,000 children will be comparatively free from suckers; so you see they can by seed alone materially change tho tobacco crop of the United States. Tmllc with a. Tobnreo Expert. During my talk with Mr. Shamel I asked him whether the tobacco growers In dif ferent parts of the United States were bet tering their crops in this way. He replied: "Not yet. The discovery has only been mode within a comparatively few months, and it is practically unknown to the gen eral public. We have only had one season's work at it, but we have gone far enough to believe that we shall succeed in greatly Im proving the size of our tobacco crop and its value. We expect to develop new varieties by crossing the best plants from different localities, and to produce tobacco which will have all the hardiness of our native tobaecp and at the same time the flavor and quality of the imported strain." "Where are our fancy tobaccos now grown?" "There Is much experimenting going on In Connecticut and Florida," said Mr. Sha mel. "In Florida they are raising tobacco under slats and are succeeding very well. Texas Is now growing filler tobacco from Cuban seed and promises to raise a product equal to the Cuban article. The crop there will be Improved by selecting the Ideal plants in tho fields as seed plants and In Closing them In bags as I have described." "I should think the tobacco crop of every state and every locality could be improved In the same way?" "It could." was the reply. "The planters might use Imported seed or they might take the best plants of their own fields and by bagging them produce the best seed pos sible from their own crops for the next year. By doing this year after year they would soon greatly Improve the crop In quantity and quality." FRANK O. CARPENTER. He Is Next to His Job 4 UNION PACIFIC'S GAtiOUNK MOTOR CAR A8 IT APPEAK3 READY FOR THE ROAD. VIT lAMEa MclitlKJS or cnicago. con- I-. i T I A.... n. r.t h. l'ntnn True. 1 I J tlon company's cars, boasts that ... u tarn nr talm -:-??jyl t0 coiiect a nickel a1 ride unless the passenger leaps out of the window or has not the nickel. How he dovs It Is interesting, and pas sengers on McQuire's car will feel uneasy when they learn that they ride dally under the eyes of ono who knows all the tricks of that trade. .' 1 "When I first went on to a car, collecting fares was hard business," said McQulre. "I m Is red a lot of them. Then I began to study the trade, and I learned Just how to spot them all. I don't believe a man or woman can escape me. It ha got to be. a game with me spotting them all. I don't mind telling how It's done. "In the first place, a conductor should al ways look at the hands of thepassengers. FuKy haf of the women and a third of the men carry their money In their hands ready to pay. If you Just look toward them they reach out their hands, unconsciously, to hand you the money. "There are three classes of people to watch the ones who are really trying to beat you, the ones who really forget and the ones who are sore because the car Is crowded and they have to stand arid who don't Intend to pay lfMhey can help It. "If the 'man or woman hasn't a nickel In his hand I look at the face. The man or woman who Is trying to beat you looks guilty, unless ho Is un old offender. Then he may try Jo bluff It through. Thoones who really forget recall it when you say Fare.' "The ones who are sore and the old of fenders both try to bluff it through. A conductor can't afford to make them mad and cannot argue with them unless he Is certain. "I always try to be alsolutcly certain. I remember faces and positions In the car as much as possible and where persons got on thecsr.' "If I'm in doubt about a man I look him over for evidence. If It Is raining I look to see whether rte drops still stand up on his clothes or have flattened out and are be ginning to sink Into the cloth; that shows how long they have been on the car. Snow help. I csn tell by the way It has melted or not melted. , "In real cold weather I always step close to the man and touch his lollies as I say, 'Fare." If his clothes ore very cold I know he got on the car within a few minutes. In hot weather by touching his clothes I ran tell Just the came. "There are a lot of little tricks in this business. I have added a nickel or so to the treasury of the company Just by looking at the shoes of the passenger who was trying to look out of the idow and save I cents. " "Chicago Tribune, t f V? ii