South America's Way
(Copyright, 1901, by J. I. Dlaas narcenns.)
NAP.CI1Y (ltuls short shift In South
America. The man with tho bomb
or the bullet (aces an unpleasant
alternative deportation or Incar
ceration. The bars are up, not
In a single country, but throughout the en
tire southern half of tho hemisphere.
No better Illustration of the sternness of
tho methods employed against anarchists
can bo found than In the course of tho offi
cials of tho Argentine Republic (where there
Is a largo Italian population), following the
murder of King Humbert by Drescl. Tho po
lice, who keep n record of such things, knew
that thero had been a Drescl In Ilucnos
Ayres several years before the crime was
committed. They had no particular reason
then for watching him. Ho did nothing that
was Illegal and eald nothing that could be
construed ns Incendiary. After n time
Drescl left Buenos Ayres. Ho went to the
United States. Tho next heard of him was
that ho had fired tho shot that appalled the
world.
Then tho republic's watchdogs took to
nosing about. Tho Argentine hnd no Intt
mato concern In Hrcscl's act, It would havo
appeared. Dut tho olllclnls figured It out
that, having onco lived there, ho must have
had companions. To them ho must have
talked; with them, harangued. Whcro wero
they now7 Sowing llko seeds of vlolenco
and disorder among that dangerously largo
and alien nrmy of Italians, Germans, Slavs
nnd Huns? So tho watchdogs nosed on, and
finally Drescl's friends of seven years be
fcro wero unearthed. In n few days they
wero hauled before natlvo Judges, examined
and cross-examined, threatened, cajoled and
persuaded. A hundred oaths and affidavits
of peaceful citizenship nlono saved them
from deportation. Today, under tho law's
eye, they suo for tho light of Its approval
In a warm espousal of statutory observance
nnd nn equally ardent detcstntlon of an
archy In all Its forms.
All through South America tho anarchist
Is the object of popular hatred as well as of
political repression. It ho undertakes to
disseminata his creed ho is promptly taken
Into custody nnd released only upon agree
ment to leave tho country. More than this,
his kind is prevented ns far as posslblo
frcm settling thero.
In nil parts of tho world tho representa
tives of tho South American governments
nre constantly on the watch to learn what
hnv run nt thn mnvntnnnta nt (hn nnne.ti-
Onco ono is known to have set sail
for tho forbidden land, tho government Is
notified of tho departure by cable. A little
surprise Is arranged for El Scnor, tho an
archist. "This looks like a promising field," ho
says, as ho walks down tho gnngplnnk of
tho steamer or steps oft tho railroad train.
Ho feels a tap on the shoulder. Two or
thrco suavely courteous gentlemen are at
his side.
"Tho climate hero is not suited to such
as tho senor," they say. "Ho would best
depart by tho atxt boat."
"Dut I wish to remain," tho newcomer
says, indignantly. "I know nothing about
tho climate."
"Ah, that is too bad," enj-3 ono of tho
suavo strangers, producing something that
looks llko an official decumcnt. "Tho senor
MRS. S. M. WALKER, PRESIDENT, LINCOLN; MRS. DORA V. WIIEELOCK, VICE
PERSIDENT, SUPERIOR; MRS. MARY D. RUSSELL. CORRESPONDING SEC
RETARY, LINCOLN; MRS. MEDORA D. NECKER, RECORDING SECRETARY.
BEATRICE; MRS. EUSEDIA M. CODB. TREASURER, YORK STATE OFFICERS
OF THE NEBRASKA WOMEN'S CHRISTIAN TEMPERANCE UNION, ELECTED
AT THE OMAHA CONVENTION Photo by a Staff Artist.
will have to study the climate In a poor
place tho prison."
This usually effects a conversion. The
visitor decides that tho climate, In fact,
would bo bad for him, and ho carries his
bullet and his doctrine elsewhere. Tho
"elsewhere," I nm afraid, Is too often the
United States, for tho .same barrier at each
gatewny keeps him out of the south. On
tho other hand, tho freu scopo which this
snmo man Is afforded In tho United States
would astonish nny South American who
had not been mndo familiar with tho condi
tions by long residence here.
Upon assuming tho duties of tho Vene
zuelan consul at Philadelphia I found Im
portant, reasons for following tho course of
tho Itcds, and I was continually shocked,
not to nay scandalized, nt tho license of
speech allowed. Tho violence of tho de
nunciatory phrases used to characterize
men In high public office, as well as those
prominent In commercial llfo, was such
that nt times I could hardly bellevo that
tho authorities wero cognlznnt of what was
going on under their very noses. Thoro
wns Indicated absolutely no respect for au
thority, hatred for the leaders In trndo and
commcrco was tho doctrine Inculcated, nnd,
If murder wnB not Instigated In so many
words, destruction nnd revolution wns al
ways tho unconcealed Implication of tho
speeches. In mnny cases I saw tho police
standing by and listening without apparent
Interest. In the course of last winter I
went to mnny nnnrchlstlo meetings nnd
heard such well known advocates of tho de
structive dogma as Hcrr Most, Emma Gold
man and Voltnlrlno de Cleyre. One point
that struck mo forcibly was tho overwhelm
ing propfirtlon of foreigners In tho audi
ences; nt least ten to every ono American,
oven In tho open nlr meetings. Most of th"
few auditors who looked llko Americans
gnvo, overy evidence of being present out
of curiosity. It Is this foreign clement that
Is tho great danger; and I wns tho moro
surprised that aliens should bo allowed so
broad a freedom of speech.
In Venezuela, as in tho neighboring coun
tries, summary punishment would havo
been Indicted upon orators who hnd darod
to uso languago half as Intempcrnto as
much of that I heard at tho mildest of the
Philadelphia gatherings. At tho least they
would havo been seized nnd thrown Into
Jail, and If tho spenkors wero foreigners
ns was tho caso In Philadelphia nothing
would havo provented a riot In which they
would havo been roughly handled.
Hero even tho publications of tho an
archists aro under tho ban. Not that thero
aro laws actually aimed at suppressing
them; under tho letter of tho law they
could bo published, so long ns tholr utter
ances were guarded. But public sentiment
constitutes tho strongest kind of a prohibi
tion. If tho pollco failed to raid tho pub
lication office of nn anarchistic sheet, tho
populaco would mako short work of It.
That South America has gained tho
unhappy and largely undeserved distinc
tion of being rlfo with tho spirit
of assassination Is not duo to the prevalence
of nnarchlstlo dogmas. Attempts upon tho
Uvea of political rulers in South Amcrlcn
have not been raado by anarchists, but have
been usually tho result of tho fury of par
tisanship on tho part of somo hot-headed
Individual. Such a case was tho attack on
with Anarchy
QIIOUP OF WOMEN WHO ATTENDED THE WOMEN'S CHRISTIAN TEMPER
ANCE UNION CONVENTION AT OMAHA Photo by a Staff Artist.
Julio Roca, which resulted In landing him
In tho presidential chair of tho Argentine
Republic. His predeccsor, Juarez Celmn,
hnd made himself so unpopulnr that In lSUO
ho resigned to escnpo the public Indignation
arising from accusations of mnlfonsnnco In
office. Ills first minister, Roca, was In
cluded In tho dcnunclntloiiH, and, ns ho held
olllco after his principal hnd retired, tho
denunciation ol him was particularly vio
lent. Ono dny several of the oratorical hot
heads of tho opposition met and harangued
each other in a grocery store. Tho discus
sion went beyond tho limits of moderation
nnd rash measures wero advocated. Tho
speakers know each other well and felt
that there wns no danger In expressing
opinions which nono of them would havo
carried out In nets. Dut thero was n listener
who didn't appreciato this n 13-year-old
grocer's boy. As tho men hnrangued nnd
orntcd ho grow moro nnd moro interested.
For several days ho brooded over what ho
had heard. Then ho went out nnd bought
n revolver, walked to tho government house,
and when tho first minister got Into his car
riage thero wns an unsuspected passenger
on tho springs behind. Presently tho pas
senger lifted tho curtains, pressed his pis
tol into Rocn's back and llrcd. They took
tho boy to prison to begin n term of
twenty years nnd Roca was driven homo.
Physlcnlly tho effects of tho shot wero In
considerable, politically they wero tremen
dous, for when ho nppearcd In public again,
Roca, tho crstwhllo hated official, was ac
claimed a hero, and gained steadily In pub-
Thommason's Troubles
Indianapolis Sun: When I enmo home
yesterday tho mnld mot mo at tho door.
"Mr. Thommnson," bIio said, "somo ono
with a bill wns hero yesterday."
I glanced nt tho parlor nnd snw that the
room was full of neighbors.
"Somo ono with a bill?" I queried. "Was
It tho lnwyer?"
"No," answered Mnrlc, with n smllo; "It
wbb the stork."
I havo slnco heard that some pcoplo say
that tho dlaloguo between tho mnld serv
ant and myself wns arranged lioforelinnd,
so as to glvo out tho Impression In the
neighborhood that I was n wit, but thnt'n
a lie.
She Understood
Clovuland Plain Dealer; "Excuse me,"
ho said to tho applicant for the typewrit
er's position, "but I would llko to know
your age?"
Tho young woman looked astonished.
"May I ask what that has to do with my
fitness for tho placo?" she Inquired.
"Nothing," ho promptly nnswored. "You
seo It's my wlfo that wnnts to know."
"In thnt caBe," said tho applicant, who
wns protty as well as young, "tell her I
nm 47."
And tho smllo thnt followed this In
genious statement brought out four de
lightful dimples.
Alphabetical Courtship
Baltimore American: "Yes," said the
fair young girl, "I had a great many alpha
betical courtships whllo I wns In tho coun
try this summer."
"Indeed?" ho murmured, not knowing
what olso to say, but being anxious to get
nt tho next paragraph.
"Yes," sho continued, "you know I would
roll my eyes, nnd then the Jays had to fol
low tho eyes, didn't they?"
After repeating tho nlphabct up to the
"I, J" part wo carao to tho conclusion that
tho fair young thing knew whereof she
spake.
By Colonel J. I. Diaz Barcenas,
Venezuela's Consul nt Philadelphia.
lie esteem from thnt day, tlmtlly being
elected president.
Even soctnllsiti Is banned In most South
American countries. The people of Veno
zuoln, Ecuador and Colombia In particular
are bo strong In their opposition to the cult
that, without waiting for the pollcu to In
vestigate, they would Inform ngulnst nny
Individual attempting to propagate tho doc
trine. Pamphlets or papers liiculcntlng so
cialistic doctrines nro barred from tho
malls. Persons suspected of writing Incen
dlnry matter are closely watched and when
a writer of socialistic tendencies comes
Into tho notice of tho government ho re
ceives a letter with nn official seal. In the
South Amerlcnn way It Is wondrnusly pollto.
"Most respected senor," It begins, "It
Is with much regret thnt wo bog to direct
your nttcntlon to certain paragraphs which
appeared In nn nrtlclo written by you tu
Ruch-nnd-such a paper upon such-nnd-such
a date. No one could ilnd fault with tho
fluency of your style, or tho lltcrnry quali
ties of your composition. But, nlnsl senor,
wo fear thnt It Is dangerous to tho public
wenl. Tho sentiments nro Incendiary. Wo
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servants," etc., etc.
If the recipient of this nrtlclo Is wise, ho
will lay asldo tho quill ho has dipped In
gnl! nnd tnko up ono sweetened with honey.
If ho Is proud, tho spirit of tho letter may
ovndo his mentnl grasp, nnd ho continues to
disseminate, his dangerous views.
Hut not for long.
Thero Is another letter. "Itespected
senor," It runs, "onco you Imvo been
warned. Tho doctrines you preach nro In
violation of tho law. Must you be warned
ngnln? Tnko heed. We beg (o remain,
your devoted servants," etc., etc.
Not mnny Instnnces nro on record of a
third warning. Such ns they are, they com
prise entries In tho criminal court ledger.
This In South America's way with on
nrchy. Perhaps It will bo North America's
way, too, before very long.
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