THE OMAHA DALLY BBKi THUHSDAY, JU1.Y 25, 1901.
The umaiia Daily Bee.
II. ROSEWATER. EDITOR.
PUBLISHED EVERY MORNING.
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STATEMENT OF CIRCULATION.
nlLof i?.vtlF."':k.u' uoukIob County, .:
imiViuR?" ,zlirlll'C'. secretary of Tho Hoc
f, . J1 .,(-"'lany. being duly sworn,
liU."'1 ,h1 ,ict,a' number of full and
fcvenliiB und Sunday Hoc printed during the
month or June, Ml, was as follows:
a,or, jg au,:iao
ittiviso i; au.oso
an.sdo is au.nio
a..,n is 2ii,o4u
sis,umu 20 u5,o to
2.,8.SO 21 2.-,,U10
7 2i.7oO 22 25,l
f 2(1,170 23 2(1,071
8 SiU,iH 2i SR,UU
" an.s.-.o 25 'Makw
11 25,7(10 26 2r,rio
12 2r.,r,jo 27 3,UMO
w ar.,(ioo 28 2.-., .-,10
1 2.-KMt 29 2.1,.'tOO
-.,, 10 20 211,220
Total 7711,04.;
,x.ss unsold and returned copies,,.. 1,S74
Net total salon 7(10,171
Net dally average- 2.1.072
... . . OEOItOE 11. TZ8CHU0K.
subscribed In my presence, and Hworn to
before me this 30th day of Juno. A. I)., ItxU.
M. B. HIJNQATI3.
Notary l'ublic.
J'ARTIES LEAVING KOIl SUMMER.
Parttca IcuvIiik the pit)' for
the stiiiiuirr tuny huve The lire
ent to them reiftilnrly by
notifying The lire Ilnalnesa
olllce, In person or by nmll.
The nddresn will be changed
nn often as denlrcil.
A hint for next wlntcr'H hitRlnoss:
With thu coming of cold weather shirt
waists will be re-tailed.
The "I regret to report" telegrams are
Btlll more numerous from thu Transvaal
than thoso which cause elation In Great
Britain.
The people who have forced the naval
court of Inquiry upon Admiral Schley
may possibly" be surprised at the size
of his hole card.
It Is perfectly safe to announce re
newed Interest In Irrlgutlou problems
and irrigation legislation when the law
making bodies meet again.
It is proposed to turn old Fort Omaha
Into a farm. To make the combination
complete some old swords should be
beaten Into plowshares and veterans en
Ilbted to cultivate the land.
When the chairman of the South
Omahu council llnance committee has
nenso enough to let some other fellows
In 011 thu ground iloor he will experience
less trouble in passing those unsecouded
claims.
Eastern democratic papers are talktug
of thu vindication of Cleveland. The
ex-presldunt Is more Interested at pres
ent In the quality of the llshlng In his
Connecticut summer home than he Is
iu vindications.
Don't forget that the small grain, al
falfa, hay and other crops already har
vested In Xcbrubka forms a goodly pro
portion of the total agricultural out
put and will alone suflloo to keep the
wolf from the farmhouse door.
The coming meeting of thu natloual
Grand Army of the Uepublle marks the
fortieth year after the tlrst calf to arms
to protect thu threatened union In 18(11.
To survive the hardships of those cam
paigns forty years Is no mean aculovu
ment of Itself.
Tho marlnu hospital service, which
has started In to make war on thu mos
quito, has selected New Jersey as the
place for tho tlrst onslaught. If the
doctors can conquer thu Jersey mos
quito there will certainly be hope for
tho rest of the world.
It costs as much to maintain the lire
and pollco departments In Omaha as it
does for all the municipal government
oxponsos at Lincoln combined, Including
police and lire departments, water sup
ply, street lighting, salaries of olllcurs
and paving. Note It down.
Nebraska's most conspicuous exhibit
at the I'nu-Ainerleun Is Mrs. Uowser,
who stands over six feet In her socks,
is tough as a plno knot and weighs 300
pounds. She Is making more money
than tho president of a rallrond selling
beans and biscuit In hor Nebraska sod
house.
Although tho Missouri HIver Commis
sion was snuffed out by the last con
gross the government engineers nre pre
paring charts of Improvements In the
river channel which will bo submitted
to tho next congress. Thu Improve
meutn will Include thu usual grubbing
up of trees, plowing of sand banks nnd
rlprapplug, iu pretense of making the
river navigable.
Iteports nre current that milkmen are
again adulterating their wares with
preservatives. The system which pre
vulls In Franco of compelling those
convicted of adulterating foodstuffs to
display thu announcement of thu fact
conspicuously wherever their wares are
offdred for salo might have a deterrent
effect upon such practices. Of all the
rascality prom p tod by avarice nothing
In more deserving of censure thau
lurmful adulteration of food.
FOUKIUX CllUV FAtLVHCiS.
ItcportK of crop failures .abroad con
tlnue, the condition In some of the
Ktiropean countries being the worst In
many years. Loss than a month ago
the French wheat crop was estimated
at 300,000.000 bushels, but' the latest
advices place It lit 11 much lower flg
uro, Germany's yield of WreadstufTs'
will be far below the avcrago and the
same is true of Austria-Hungary, tho
latest olllclal estimate of the current
crop placing It 10,000,000 bushels loss
than last year.
The condition of affairs In Itussla is
alarming. There has been phenomenal
heat throughout northern Hufslu and
In some districts almost tho entire
growth of cereals has perished. The
crops In Siberia are nearly a total fail
ure. The Now York Journal of Com
merce says the slgnlllcance of the later
Itussla 11 news Is Increased by going
back some months. In February sev
eral Russian provinces wero sintering
acutely from famine. In the north nnd
east Volga provinces tho peoplu were re
ported to be living .011 roots, grasses
and offal. In April enormous mortality
from famine nnd typhus was reported In
sonic sections. In June It was admitted
that winter wheat had suffered very
generally, but there wero hopes of a
largo yield of spring whent. All the
news of the past month has been un
favorable to spring wheat. The tlrst of
this month the prospects in some of the
Volga provinces, where famine pre
vailed last winter, recalled the disas
trous crop failure of ten yeilrs ago. Ten
days ngo dispatches from Odessa gave
a still more unfavorable account of the
crop prospects in thu Volga provinces,
where It Is said the peasantry are al
ready practically destitute. The latest
advices show that the deplorable con
ditions previously reported have grown
worse and this Is general, the wheat
crops In the south of Knssla being
rather below the average.
The United Stntes has a large wheat
crop, but it Is a question whether there
Is a suttlclcnt surplus to provide what
Kuropu will need. At nil events It ap
pears Inevitable that high prices for
breadstuff's must prevail for the next
year, which means privation for mil
lions of people abroad, particularly iu
view of thu fact that there Is Indus
trial depression In uverj, Kuropenn coun
try except France. It Is a gloomy out
look for tho people of Europe generally.
SC11LF.V ASUS IXVKSTldATlOX.
Fresh Interest has been aroused In the
Sampson-Schley controversy by the de
cision of Itenr Admiral Schley to ask
an Investigation, through a naval court
of Inquiry, of his conduct In the opera
tions against the Spanish squadron at
Santiago. So long as the controversy
was coniiucd to personal allegations and
newspaper opinions Schley paid little
attention to It. lie persistently refused
to be drawn Into the controversy nnd
endeavored to Induce his friends, nat
urally Indignant at the assaults upon
him, tfi drop the matter. But thu nt
tackt.upou him In the Mnclay history of.
the uavy, Iu .which ho, is denounced as a
coward nnd n tiultor, could not be per
mitted to gotinohnllenged and Schley
determined to nsk for a court of In
quiry and afterwards to bring a civil
action ngnlnst the author of the history.
Thu Maryland members of congress had
already decided to urge a congressional
Investigation, but; In view of Schley's
action this may not be done.
The proper course, unquestionably, Is
to submit the Issue to a court of In
quiry, which will have authprlty to
make a thorough Investigation. If the
court Is composed of men known to be
absolutely Impartial, and It Is to be pre
sumed that Secretary Long will ap
point only such, Its lludlng of the facts
and any opinion which It may have au
thority to oxpress will bo accepted by
the country as conclusive. There Is no
doubt that public opinion at present Is
largely on tho sldo of Hear Admiral
Schley. The very general belief Is that
he has been unjustly accused and that
there has been a conspiracy to deprive
him of the honor of a great achieve
ment, lint pending nn Investigation by
a court of Inquiry public discussion of
the matter should bu discontinued.
There Is no Impropriety, however, lu
remarking that tho assault made on
Schley by Muclay deserves the, severest
rebuke, us an exhibition of bitter enmity
nnd prejudice, nnd should consign his
so-called history to complete obscurity.
No matter what the llnal form of the
report of the court of Inquiry may take
thu man who wrote tho book that has
stirred up thu muss may as well pru
pare lu advance to swallow his medi
cine. A rOHTO IUCAX ASXlVMtSAlt).
Three years ago today American
troops hinded lu Porto HIco nnd the an
niversary Is observed by the people of
the Island. Additional Interest will be
given It today by the proclamation of
President MeKlnley declaring free trade
between tho United Stntes and Porto
Ulco. It Is expected that this will mark
thu beginning of a larger prosperity
for the Island and that July '.'5 will thus
bu memorable not only as thu date on
which tho American tlag was hoisted In
Porto ltlco, but also as tho tlinu when
the Island euteied luto unrestricted
commercial Intercourse with this coun
try. Governor Allen says'" of present con
ditions U Porto Hlco that they are most
satisfactory. Thu people arc pleased
with thu new order of things aud all
ulemeuts aro ready to co-operato for
success. Uu regards thu situation as
being highly favorable to Immediate
aud permaueut prosperity for thu Island.
It has no Indebtedness and thu tax law,
which has been lu operation since last
February, Is producing a large amount
of revenue and Its operation, now that
It Is understood by thu people, Is meet
ing with 110 objection. This law is
chlelly noteworthy as substituting direct
taxation for the Indirect system of
Spanish days. The Spaniards taxed
consumption more than It could stand,
while thu American plan taxes real and
personal property aud lets consumption
go free. Under thu Spanish regime
vacant land escaped taxation altogether,
while the last farthing was ground out
of the Income of Improved holdings.
The small farmer was raided by thu
taxgatherer, while the real estate spec
ulator who kept his land unimproved
paid little or nothing. When the new
law was iiacted the Porto Means
feared that our system would bo n
change for the worse but experience
with Its operation has convinced them
that It Is a very decided Improvement
on the Spnulsh system.
This nnnlversary will have a double
slgnlllcancu today for the people of
Porto HIco and will doubtless be cele
brated with uncommon enthusiasm.
UAXUKUOUS KVUXUM 1".
The filcnds of Harry H. McCann, tho 16-year-old
day operator at the Chicago &
Alton depot at Carlluvllle, III., claim that
he Is the youngest occupant of so responsi
ble a position In the United States. A
year ago he was appointed night operator
at Atlanta, III., two months ago he was
made night operator at Carllnville and
held that prsltton until last Sunday, when
he was appointed day operator at tho same
station. The second week that he was at
Carllnvlllo the milling plant of the St.
Louis Milling company, which Is at that
point, burned. Young McCann telegraphed
for a special train to bring the fire de
partment from Springfield, looked after
two telephones, handled the usual train
orders and sold tickets. Chicago Kecord
Herald. 0
Just think of n boy of If! sending
train dispatches, using two telephones
nnd selling tickets nil at the same time!
This ability on the part of the boy
operator Is highly creditable to his In
telligence and mechanical etllclency, but
It at the same tlmu affords a striking Il
lustration of thu dangerous economy
which Is practiced by some of the rail
roads of this country In the telegraph
service.
A boy of 15 may bu ablu to perform,
the functions of a railroad operator
with a high degree of etllclency, but
not one boy out of a thousand at that
tender age Is possessed of the mature
Judgment that should bo exercised In
thu discharge 'of such responsible
duties. The compensation of thu boys
employed as telegraph operators Is from
f'-'o to $,'J0 a month nnd they are em
ployed not because they can do the
work better, but because they do It
cheaper than It could be done by men.
In tho long run. however, the cheap
rail way, operator Is tho most costly In
vestment a railroad can make. In
handling train dispatches tcrrlble'nils
takes nre often traced back to cheap
operators, Iu whose hands the lives and
property of the patrons of the road are
entrusted.
This Is one of the abuses which up to
this time have not received the attention
of the. lawmakers nnd it Is one of the
most lingrnnt abuses that has grown
up In tho railway system. Millions of
property nnd thousands of lives have
been sacrltlced to this false economy.
No railway manager would think of
ullowiug boys to handle a locomotive
even of a gravel train, but these same
managers will allow boyB ranging from
14 to 17 years of ago to transmit the
orders by which the movements of thu
locomotive engineers are governed nnd
upon tho accuracy of which telegraphic
orders depends thu safety of passengers
tiiiii nun.
For some time reiorts have been cur
rent that the lawless clement gathered
In Oklahoma for thu opening of the
reservation was likely to cause trouble.
The law-abiding element has formed an
organization and served notice on the
toughs that lu case they made trouble
numbers of them would blossom on
trees. If nn excuse ever exists for the
exercise of power by Judge Lynch It Is lu
new communities before the machinery
of tho lnw Is In thorough working order,
but it would bo a matter of regret If
lynching should occur. The trouble
some element should remember that
many of thu settlers nre practically
destitute from long waiting nnd are In
no mood to be trilled with.
Tho lire Insurance' ngents nre begin
ning to conjure up a hard luck story
preliminary to a general advance In In
surance rates. If they aro to be be
lieved the old companies are going out
of business nnd thu new companies will
have to follow their example because
they aro losing money. And yet tire
rlks aro constantly decreasing by
renson of Improved lire lighting facili
ties, tho lireproof construction of the
moru uxpensivo buildings and greater
vigilance in the storing of Inflammable
merchandise.
It Is a cold day when wo do not "hnvo
a congress In session somewhere throw
ing bouquets, divulging profound secrets
nnd promulgating resolutions for the
edification of mankind. First we had
tho Irrigation congress, Inst week the
trnnsmlsslsslppl congress and now the
mining congress. The most Interesting
feat u ru of these congresses lies In the
fact that tho membership Is largely
Identical lu all. Some men seim born to
shine In all congresses except thu real
one at Washington.
Pnt Crowe has turned up In South
Africa, nud old man Pender, who
figured conspicuously somo thirty years
ago as the keeper of a hotel on a
country roadway In Kansas where many
people had been murdered and who has
been dead these twenty years, has been
discovered nllvo In Colorado. Unfortu
nately tho Kertlllun system was not lu
vogue lu thu days of old Pender and
his Identification Is exceedingly doubt
ful. The coolest thing in these hot days Is
thu announcement that Uingmaster Ed
mlsteu Is. making preparations for an
other three-ringed circus lu bplte of the
fact that the sliver republican steed has
turned up its hoofs and Charley Towne,
the famous clown, has gone Into the oil
business.
Smaonnhle HutfKratlon,
Indianapolis News.
Don't worry; doa't hurry; go slow!
Poreat llcntructlnn by Fire,
fhlladelphla Record.
Tho yearly loss from preventable forest
fires In the United States Is estimated at
150,000,000. It would cost but a small per
centage of this sum to provide Insurance
ayatnst the ravafe of Are, The rapid de
struction of our forests and the gravity of
the resulting consequence are of tufflclent
Importance to require radical preventive
measures at tho heads of the stato and
federal governments,
Jo To, Cynlrt
Washlrigton Post.
Tho Nebraska people havo been praying
for rain. Owing to tho character of tho
politicians they raise out that way, they
havo noyer been compelled to pray for
wind.
(ernmnr Set the Puce nt Sen,
New York Tribune.
ThA rif ll!rhln,1 ( tho Kntfr if (tin Sftn
Ilrltannla may rule the waves, but sho has
not yet launched so majestic and Invincible
A ronntiprnr nt Ihn nrnnn nn tlitn ntntplv
Teutonic steamship. Germany has a right
10 piume itself upon the Dunning nnd tne
successful running of tho noblest mercantile
vessel in all the centuries.
Versntlllty of Cllmnte.
New York Tribune.
In the eastern hemisphere ns well as in
the western, skies of brass, blistering suns
and burning airs havo been productive of
misery almost unknown In other summers.
Drouth and" dust, parched lands, scanty sup
plies of water, sufferings from craterllkc
conditions In city and country alike, have
been v widely prevalent that the first year
of tho century Is likely to hold an evil
eminence In history as tho most distressing
for many a cycle. Dnt Just at this time
tidings como from AJasla of vessels Ice
bound In huge floes. What contrast could
be more striking?
Itehnklns; Fulftehnnd.
St. Louis Globe-Democrat.
The general public havo not the slightest
Interest In tho controversy as to whether
tho honor for the defeat of Ccrvera at
Santiago bcloncrs to Sntnnsnn nr In Rrhlnv
A few newspapers have been conducting
a controversy over that point for three
years with a vulgarity which is disgust
ing to all persons who have read any part
of it. Tho public aro decidedly interested,
though, in rebuking the manifest falsehoods
which have been uttered against Schley by
omo of tho makers of books and by one or
two of his fellow-officers In communications
to the newspapers.
Where IMutncrnts Are Tender.
Springfield (Mass.) Republican.
Tho fact of thi mnllKF U (hat tt.. nl.l
- - ' - tltL V.HU
democratic convention, In setting aside sil
ver ana empnnaizlng Instead tho issue of
private ownershln of mnnnnnlv iruhi...
aimed a real and oflcctlvo blow at plutoc
racy so-called, whllo an endorsement of sil
ver WOUid havo rnnntltntorl nn mm- il.
an empty fulmlnatlon. This may have been
done with the sanction of tho gold demo
crats or In spite of them, but In any case
It marks the taklne
step in relation to plutocracy. And the
Plutocrats" win tell Mr. Bryan so if ho
can gain tholr confidence.
nidlcnlonn Fenttireu of Monnrchy.
Springfield Republican.
Old customs can nnvor mrvlrn .iim.i.
and when it Is found that a certain English
noDieman has the right by heredity to carry
tho king's shirt to him on the morning of
his coronation, then that Is the end of one
old custom. To' continue it In theno times
would shake tho throne. The same, In less
degree, may be said of tho duko of New
castle's ancient and honorable prlvilego to
SUPDOrt Ono of-1 thu rnvnl hnnria .1. ...
- f "J " j uuiiuq mo
coronation prrnmnnv anA nt tr..ii..i
-. .. " V. vi wv.u xitvauugB
and Lord de Ruthyn'e solemn right to carry
me monaren s spurs. The whole Institution
r. t n. nM A..k a. I v f a .1 .. . .
. ...uuu.i.u, iu, nngiana, is reauy a joxe,
htlt If U-nillrl nnvnfiA tti .u - ... .
. -- -v fviiuit iub King a
subjects to lee In all Its comicality.
DrnlnjoKbe Cnp of Sorrovr.
Deceit r:reo. Press. '
Tho deep syn.Datliv.-of evcrv uinHiv hnort
In tho civilized world imust (TO out tn ihn
aged Oora Paul in-Holland, the house of his
exuo. Laog separated from wife, family,
homo and friends, by tho misfortunes of
war, with fond nonce for aid to th nnm
In their struggle dashed and the apparently
uopeiess contest continued, the venerable
president of the South African
been compelled to drain almost to the dregs
nis cup or bitterness In the death of his
faithful wife at Pretoria without the sad
comfort of a last fond hnnd-clasp or word
of personal consolation each for tho other.
On receipt of tho sad news he burst Into
tears and a&kcd to bo loft alone with h'.s
sorrow, taking refuge In prayer and his
dioio. j,onesomo ho has been, though
kindly received and treated In his exile, but
the lonesomcncss he now known must bring
a hcavy'burden to tho weight of years and
misfortune. In his case thoro cannot in the
naturo of thlnsrs bo loner for "Tlmn ih
great heater," to work, but his faith in the
peaco or aod,' which pa?aeth all under
standing." it , Is honed will RfirVR tn
strengthen him In his great bereavement.
KLECTIIICITY FROM COAL.
Prnbnblc Solution of n Problem that
linn Ilaflled Hzperta, .
New York Tribune.
Tho problem which Hugo Jone of Chicago
has tried to solve has enlisted the efforts
of many scientific men In tho last century.
As long ago as 1855 Becquercl discovered
that he could' produco a current of elec
tricity by burning carbon. Moro than
twenty years later an imporfected process
for doing the aamo thing was patented by
Jablochkoff, famous for having come so
near to dovlsing a practical nre light. Sub
sequently, Trof. F. n. Crocker of Colum
bia unlvorslty, Dr. Dorchers of Germany
and other well known electricians or chem
ists tried to obtain electricity on a com
mercial scale by tho chemical dissolution
or coai. uno ot them was W. V. Jaques
of tho Hell Telophone company In Boston.
It Is said, too, that Mr. Edison attacked
tho problem at ono tlnio. None of theo
experts, howover, produced a battery which
It would pay to manufacture. And In some
Instances It was suspected that the current
which they were ablo to generate was due
to heat rather than chemical action.
Theso facts do not provo that Mr. Jone
has not succeeded. But the experience of
so (mauy skilled Investigator's shows that
tbo task Is moro complicated than was
at first supposed. And It serves as a warn
ing ngnlnst a too ready acceptance of claims
put forward by friends of the Chicago chem
ist. It is one thing to gencrato electricity
In a specific way nnd another to do it
economically. Sparks can be obtained
by stroking a cat's tack, but nobody out
stdo of an Insane asylum seriously thinks
of lighting his house by that method. Tho
utmost that ran be said for Mr, Jono Is
that ho Is acting tn good faith, has rnudo
a sorlous attempt to Improve on tho work
of his predecessors, has protected himself
by taking nut a patent and that ho Is not
entlroly satUfled with his product.
Whother or not ho has a device which
will replace tho dynamo Is yet to bo demon
strated. The Idea of utilizing a lnrger percentage
of the energy which resides In coal than
can bo had by burning It under a steam
boiler Is so fascinating that one cannot
wonder that so many men have sought to
achieve that result. It is appalling to
think that nine-tenths of the latent power
of coal goes up the chimney and only one
tenth lntb thb cylinders of an engine. The
evil can be overcome to a limited extent
by making gas out of tho coal and using
the gas explosively. And the possibilities
of the gas engine have not yet been fully
developed. But the coal battery which so
many inventors have trlodto perfect would
be simpler and mro efficient. It would
be the Ideal system, apparently, and In
time It may' come. If It ever does it will
work a great Industrial revolution. -
Expansion in Exports
St, Louis Olobc-Democrnt.
Tho Increase In tho foreign trade of tho grcgato Is far nbovo tho past's highest
United .States continues to be a surprlso to figures.
Kurope. Tho London Statist, speaking for This American commercial expansion Is
Kngland, says "tho figures of our trade creating nlarm among most of tho na-
with America conclusively show the enor- tlons of Europe nud is responsible for tho
mous profits which the United States la threats or boasts of a coming trade alliance
making In Its foreign commerce." It points between tho leading old world countries ns
out that for tho year which ended with ngnlnst the United States. This threat is
Juno 30, 1901, "we have bought 1710,000,000 In vain, for there Is not the shadow of a
in produce from the United States, whllo
they havo bought of us $90,000,000. Tho
trade balance In favor of tho United States
as respc;ts Kngland was fs;i0,000.000 as
against i6itj.ooo.noo ror tho calendar year
of litOO." Tho Statist declares as n con-
sequence thnt England will "have to sup-
ply considerable gold to the United Slates
and thnttho value of money In London will
advance."
It will be remembered that the United
States has recently for tho first time in
history passed England In tho amount of
Its foreign trade and now stands at tho
front In tho extent of Its commerce with
the outsldo world. For many years tho
united aiaics was gaining upon England In
this field, but it has only recently caught
up with that country. Not only this, but
the United States hns made a larger gnln
In Its foreign commerce in the last year
than has any other country. During tho
recent nscai year our country made a gain to them. The United States hns boon lend
nt tho rate of $9,000,000 a month In Its lng large amounts of monoy as well as
foreign trade, compared with 3,000,000 selling Inimenso qtinntitlcs of goods to
ror the united Kingdom and also for Ilus-
sia; iz.ooo.ooo ror France and Canada each
and Jl.000,000 each for Austria-Hungary and
Mexico, whllo thero was a loss of $2,000,000
a month In the foreign commerce of (lor-
mnny ana or spnin ana rn.ooo.ooo a month
in that of Belgium. America's trado with
all parts of tho earth Is growing at a rato
seldom equaled in tno past, whllo Its ag-
TO INSPECT DAIRY EXPORTS.
Move to Check Adulterated nnd Coun
terfeit flood.
Philadelphia Pressv
Secretary Wilson of the Agricultural de
partment will soon havo accomplished an
other great work for the benefit of the
farmers in providing for tbe inspection of
dairy products exported from tho United
States. The lack of some system of that
kind has been a serious detriment to the
agricultural Interests of the country.
This may be illustrated from tho fact
that not many years ago tho United States
annually exported to England nearly 150.
000,000 pounds, or two-thirds of our entire
cheese product. But as no system of export
inspection existed to guard the established
reputation of American goods, unscrupulous
morchants exported great quantities of in
ferior, adulterated nud counterfeit cheese,
until tho reputation of American cheeso
was destroyed in England and tho market
lost to tbe United States. Canada, on tho
other hand, adopted a system of govern
ment control and was enabled to guarantee
all cheese exported as pure and of stand
ard quality, and it thus secured, which It
still holds, the desirable cheese trado that
the United States lost. The best cheese
now exported to England from this coun
try goes by way of Montreal, seeking the
samo avenues and the good company of
Canadian cheeso and finding a market
virtually ns a part of that product.
American butter has suffered In the same
way. In fact, the British market Is prac
tically lost to our butter because to much
fraudulent stuff has been sent thero as "tho
best creamery butter." In 1899 Secretary
Wilson made some experimental shipments
of dairy products to European markets un
der special authority given to him by con
gress nnd tho quality of the articles ex
ported was guaranteed by the government.
As a result a new and profitable demand for
American flno creamery butter sprung up In
British markets, but it bad scarcely begun
beforo large quantities of an inferior arti
cle, and also of an imitatlpn of creamory
butter, "process," or renovated batter, be
gan to appear among the exports. That sort
of stuff was sent to New York by tho car
load for export. Tho style of packing de
vised by tho Agricultural department was
Imitated and tho packages were labeled
"Finest American creamery butter." Tho
effect of this was to check Immediately the
demand for American butter. This helped
Canada again, which, with government su
pervision and guaranty to assist, took a
firmer hold than ever on the British mar
ket.
Secretary Wilson recommended as an ef
fective remedy for these growing evils that
tho existing system of government Inspec
tion and certification of meats and meat
products for export be extended by law so
as to lncludo butter, cheeso nnd condensed
milk and cream. Congress granted this au
thority to tho Secretary in an act which
went into effect on July 1. Secretary Wil
son has already decided to put the pro
posed system into operation, and as soon
as he has obtained tho necessary data that
will bo done. There Is no doubt that It
will bo of great advantage to the farming
interests of the United States and 'thus to
the country In general. It is only one of
many effective steps which Secretary Wil
son has taken greatly to advanco the farm
ing interests of tho United States.
Pi:nSOXAI, AND OTHERWISE.
Ono does not have to go far from home
to find a summor resort. Summer resorts
everywhere
A Chicago professor Is now Investigating
that city's record of people with six toes
and six fingers.
Since annexing a slice of tho tropics to
the mainland It Is not surprising that a
chunk of tropical weather should pay ua
an affectionate visit.
Nathan Church, a man of scholarly at
tainments and tho colleague of Blaine In the
Malno legislature, is now working n street
cleaner lu Minneapolis at a salary of Jt.50
a day.
Judge Ray of tlin New York delegation
In congreBH Is said to Binoke a cigar moro
rapidly than any other man In Washington
nnd to neglect few opportunities of putting
his powers to tho test.
Tanner of fasting fame, now 08 years old,
has challenged the brewers of Denver to a
fasting contest. Six meu are to drink boer
only and ho Is to drink water. Tho brew
ers have ngre'ed to the contest.
Chicago's chief of pollco attributes an
increase In assaults and affrays to tho heat.
In the winter he blamed the low tempera
ture for multiplied oHcii6ei Involving vio
lence. Apparently crime blows hot and
cold In the Windy City.
Captains J. W. Forsyth, fJoorgo E. Ido, O.
W. Baronholt and L. W. Robinson of tho
navy havo voluntarily applied for retire
ment under tho forty years' service clause.
They will recelvo tho rank nnd pay of n
rear admiral on retirement becauso of serv
ice In the civil war.
Subscriptions are dlscouraglngly slow to
tho proposed memorial to Sir Arthur Sulli
van In London. Hardly anything has been
contributed in this country and porsonal
friends of tho late composor will probably
supplement the money on hand sufficiently
for the erection of a statue on tho Thames
embankment.
The released Younger brothers are to
take to the road again. Minneapolis papers
announce that they have signed contracts
as traveling ngents for a St. Paul house
which deals In monuments. They are to
receive JCO a month and exponses. In
former years the Youngers displayed con
spicuous skill In preparing men (or monu
ments. ,
f
chnnco that any two of tho prominent Ku-
ropcan countries vould be nblo to agreo
nniong themselves at tho customhouse as
against any other country. The threats
have caused somo trepidation amtug a few
timid Americans, but, of course, they will
not havo tho slightest Influence In the dl-
rectlon of diminishing the country's for-
elgn trado or of retarding tho growth In
American commercial supremacy. The
London Statist's fear that England will
"havo to supply considerable gold to tho
United States nnd thnt tho value of monoy
In London will advanco" is rensonable.
Yet here again tho financial nscendancy
of tho United States will assert Itself, for
tho plothora of ensh in this country will
enso tho International monetary sltua-
tlon and give London and tho other centers
of tho old world a chanco to mnko their
payments tn their own time nnd In tho
way which will bo tho most convenient
Europo Rnd the former function can easily
bo continued. Amcrlcn Is rich and pros
nerous enouih to Drovcnt nnv harmful mon
ctary stringency in Europe which our vast
trado balance would havo nny chanco to
cause. Thus tho United States, while hnv
lng a Klant's ntrenEth. Is neither com
pelled nor dlnposed to uso It llko a giant.
I.IC.IIT AND SHADE IN GOTHAM.
The SiiKnr Truat ArrntiuluK tn Wafer
Itn Stuck.
Tho board of directors of tho American
Sugar Refining company, commonly known
og tho Sugar trust, announce a drouthy
condition In the company treasury and Is
Consulting tho stockholders on tho advlsa
blllty of Increasing capital stock by JtK,
000,000. A circular Bent to tho 11,000 stock
holders of tho company Bays: "It is pro
posed to lseue $15,000,000 of new stock of
tho company, one-halt common and ono
half preferred, payable in cash at par, and
to glvo tho right to subscribe to tho pre
ferred stock to the holdors of proferred,
and to the common stock to tho holders
of common, In the proportion of their hold
lngs, ono share of new for five shares of
old. Tho board of directors has passed a
resolution that such Increase is advlsablo
and has directed that, to take such action
about it, a meeting of tho stockholders,
common nnd preferred, be called for Sep
tember 18 next, at 12 m.- at the office
of the company In Jersey City. To au
thorize the Issue of tho new stock requires
that two-thirds In interest of each class of
stockholders shall vote In favor of it. In
crease of tho business requires an In-
creaso of capital. The strength of the busi
ness consists In Its freedom from mortgage
acot ana its entire pecuniary Independence.
Tho cntlro amount realized from the new
stock will come Into the treasury of the
company and will be available for Its busi
ness uses."
When President Haveraeyer was asked
about tho circular ho said:
"Nothing should have been known about
It until after tho stockholders had received
It, but, slnco you have It I do not know
that It will do any harm to let the facts
bo known. I saw some kind of a perverted
rumor about the nrnnnnltlnn nn tha nn
this morning, sent out from Philadelphia.
That stated that the money raised by the
salo of the new stock would bo used to
acquire properties of somo of our compe
titors. There is not a word of truth In
such a statement. Tho American Refining
company docs not propose to buy up a
single Independent plant. We have no use
for nny more properties. And this Includes
the Arbucklcs. We have made no settle
ment with them, and have no Intention of
making one. If you wero to say that tho
Sugar trust had In mind some operations In
fields outside tho United States, but not far
from our shores, you might como pretty
near to hitting tho nail on tho hend."
"Do you mean Cuba, Porto Rico nnd
Hawaii?" was asked.
"Hawaii is too far away," said Have
meycr, "ljut they grow pretty good sugar
in Cuba and Porto Rico. The sugar in
dustry in Cuba will boom when they get
tho tariff fixed right. What they want In
Cuba and what the beet sugar men nnd
tho cano sugar growors in the country
would not object to Is tho admission to
American ports of raw sugar from Cuba
nnd Porto Rico free of duty. What tho
growers hero want Is a tariff on the ro
fined sugar. Give them a tariff on the re
fined product of half a cent. That will
tako caro of them, and wo can got free
raw sugar from Cuba and Porto Rico.
When tho tariff Is adjusted along these
lines the sugar industry In Cuba and Porto
Rico will bo worth watching. And con
gress will give us that kind of a tariff."
New Jersey mosquitoes aro exceedingly
busy around tho edges of New' York City,
much to tho annoyanco of tho residents.
So great is tho activity and penetration of
the pest that the health officer of tho
port, Alvah II. Doty, hns declared war on
tho sappers and suckers whoso skill In
reaching human cutlclo Is ono of Jersey's
polld claims to farao, A section of Quar
antlno island has born set npart for tho
attack. Mr. Doty snyn: "We havo been
at work for tho Inst year In our laboratory
on the mosquito larvae In ordor to deter
mine bacterlologlcally what, can be dono.
First, wo want to determine whether the
Insect produces malaria, and If so, whother
malaria enn ho prevented by tho extermina
tion of tho mosquito and Its larvae. Tho
tefct I havo determined to mako will bo
applied to a section of Staten Islnnd ad
Joining our station and opposite tho quar
antine islands, in extent about three miles
by on nil one-half mllos.
"All tho nwamps, ponds, marshes nnd wet
places will bo Inspected by men from our
laboratory to determine Just where tho
possible breeding places nro located, Tho
mosquito nnd Its larvno will be taken In
such places aud will be examined In ordor
to determine tho presence of malnrla.
Local physicians will bo naked to co
operato by reporting all caso3 of malaria.
Tho Intelligent cn-dperatlon of citizens will
also bo requested.
"In tho treatmont nf breeding places pe
troleum will bo nn Important factor. This
test In In lino with our quarantine work, iib
tho quarantine hospital for yellow fever Is
located adjacent to tho section Bolected for
the test."
Eva Palter, daughter of a Husslan tailor
In New York City, Is no taller now than
sho was fifteen years ago. She has the
appcaranco of a 3-year-old child, nslde
from her smllo. That Is an 18-year-old
smllo and Eva's lack of growth has not
Interfered with Its development. Benjamin
Palter, Eva's father, takes great pride In
his quaint llttlo daughter, who drinks
whisky with him and affects the shyness
of a soubrrtte when strangers visit her
father's shop to ask about her. She plays
with the neighboring children, hut makes
nil other youngsters of her size pay homage
to her. Eva was born In Russia and her
development was normal until she reached
the age of 18 months. She grew little more
and is now only twenty-seven Inches in
height. Her waist measurement is twenty
four and one-half Inches nnd sho weighs
about elghty-flvo pounds.
IIAIIItiMA.V AND HARMONY.
Springfield (Mass.) Republican: The Union
Pacific or Harrlman raid on the Northern
Pacific's position Is relation to the Burling
ton deal Is now shown to havo been au
unqualified success. Its purpose was to
compel a recognition of Union Pacific In
terests in r.ny project bringing tho Burling
ton system under tho control of a rival
transcontinental line, nnd tho new North
ern Pacific directory, as constructed by Mr.
Morgan, Is to contain nn ample Union
Pacific representation. Indeed, it looks to
Wall street as If the Union Pacific clement
will be the dominating one. The St. Paul,
Northwestern nnd Pennsylvania systems arc
also to be represented In tho new board,
which, ns now planned, will be the most
comprehensive single railway directory ever
known representing four transcontinental
lines (the Great Northern, Northern Pacific,
Union Pacific and Southern Pacific) and thu
Burlington, St. Paul, Northwestern (and
Vanderbllt) nnd Pennsylvania systems. Tho
practicability of operating this Immense
and oftentimes, competing mileage In har
mony is now to be tested.
New York Commercial: No board of rail
way directors has ever comprised such a
wido range of Interests as tho one now
selected for the Northern Pacific. It rcprc
sents directly or Indirectly all the larger
systems west of Chicago, excepting tho
southern lines. The southwestern roads aro
brought Into tho association through tho
close relations existing between their
principal ownors nnd the Union Pacific
party. Tho Union Pacific owns control of
tbe Southern Pacific and is the largest
minority interest In the Northorn Pacific.
Tho Northern Pacific nnd tho Great North
em havo absorbed the Burlington, and
lnstly, the St. Paul and the Northwestern
aro given a place In the Northern Pacific
management. As a consequence of theno
nmnzlng series of enterprises, more than
half tho railroad systems of the country
will henceforth bo operated with n degreo
of uniformity which promises results of tho
highest Importanco for the future. Competi
tion will not bo chocked, but a means will
have been found for preventing tho In
terminable and oftentimes senseless rato
wars which In times past lio seriously
cut Into tho profits of the railroads.
PERJURY STIFLING JUJiTICE.
Epidemic of Tainted Testimony In the
Courta of tho I, nud.
Washington Star.
The president of tho Iowa State Bar as
sociation declares that perjury prevails lu
tho courts of this land to an nlarmtng ex
tent and suggests certain remedies for tho
evil. Ho has Investigated tho matter by
corresponding with Judges and other au
thorities and has como to tho conclusion
that 'he nverago witness hns no regard for
tho oath and Is willing, for tho sake of
advantage to the sldo for which ho gives
his testimony, to forswear himself. There
is reason to follow the Iowa lawyer's con
clusions to a certain extent. It Is undc
nlablo that the onth Is administered in
most courts In a perfunctory manner. Often
numbers of witnesses are sworu together,
without tho IcaBt suggestion of a direct
personal accountability. The words of tho
oath are mumbled by tho clerk of tho
court and tho ceremony Is robbed of what
ever solemnity and significance It may havo
had in earlier days. Whether this Ib the .
prime cause of the decadonco In tbe mor
ality of witnesses or not must be left to tho
Judgment of individual Investigators. Ex
amplo sprend3 a baleful influence through
out a community, especially the 'lower
classes. Cases are frequently heard In
courts In which witnesses palpably testify
falsely and later boast to neighbors and
associates of their effrontery. If they re
main Immuno from molestation a belief
spreads that tho giving of false witness In
court Is not much of a crime, it seems
assuredly Bafo, and It la an easy step for
the ordinarily conscientious person to yield
to tho temptation to swerve from the line.
of truth toward tho side of self-interest or
piejudlce when next he is called upon In
court to gjvo evidence. Great care Is taken
In court to ascertain whbthcr a youthful
witness understands tho "nature of an
oath." The little ono Is nssalled with ques
tions supposed to test his conception of
moral responsibility and Ib ncconted or re
jected according to his ability satisfac
torily to answer thorn. The adult, however.
is regarded uniformly ns competent to
testify nccurntely, whereas in very many
cases tho youngster Is far moro reliable
than his older ns a witness, oven though
Ignorant of tho meaning of the oath. If
as much caro wero taken to Impress the
significance of tho oath upon the minds of
ignorant adults and to explain to thn
obviously vlcloua tho penalty which at
taches to tho crime of perjury, somo prog
ress might be mnde against this deplorable
tendency cited by tho Iown lawyer. His
further' suggestion, that courts become
moro enterprising In prosecuting perjurers,
by following up cases where false testi
mony has plainly been given. Is worthv nf
sorlous consideration. An occasional con
viction on such a charge would holp every
community to maintain a reasonable stand
ard of veracity under oath.
LAUGHING GAS.
W,nrfc0h'!!B;onnrnff,!rr;ll,,e' dM
...V":, ;"uv wuhuh, maam, '
' Hurt he any ch!Mrn?M
Revolution." " ... ue
Ti'iP '."irf H!'t: necnawnv-Anrt what of
w llllc I'lUtlBate, whoo mother considered
urn it iiuciiiirus- genius?
RtHldhmnt. Oh. hn turn-, I s.t, in I..
blooming Idiot! u
rillKlmnr.. Atiinrlm, n . "f Knit.... ,n - ..
lng hay while the sun shines." said the
Vivacious Iady, who had Just cashed her
alimony check.
"Naturally," mnlled thn Sarcnstlc fipln
pter. "Holng n gram widow, one would
expect that of you,"
Tlllhli!..lnhl:i Hr,.. "Tl,.. .....r...... ,.
vlt!i worms on tho end of them mean
dimmer
I iJ."Jv.('0 yon know?" asked tho otlur.
"Oh! I can rend between tho lines."
Somervllln Journal! Hlrlml dnn' thiv
much of thnt fellow IHoncs. Ho sold his
voto at tho lost election.
icich vou don't tuv so?
Illcks Yes; nnd ho didn't get the money.
PlVAlfltlil Tl 'i I .1 1 l.n ! . ' ITM, - - .
w. . ........ ..r...... .iiriE i,;n
pie who can cee something nttnirtlvo even
in win nioni unuMiiii pinrcs, 1 don t knr'W
of a more plenslnir sight than my i-clUr
presents In the early fnll." "".ir
"wnat Kind ot MKht?"
"Anthracite, of course. "
Puck: Farmer Hnvruke Den
did get stuck awfully his last Nqw York
Farmer Whlflletreei-How win that?
Fnrmer Hnyrake-Why. be took down six
p' those gold bricks o hls'ii nnd wnpn;d
'em for ft,0 ahareH of oil stock.
SOME SEASONABLE VERSES.
Somervlllo Journal.
The wind Is keen, nnd sharp, nnd cold.
TllJ. irrnnn.1 (a t,n..n I. .. . '
.... n"""'. mull,
Tho lenflfHH treeH nhrlnk from the breeze,
I-rom? IcicIeB hand from tho onvon.
-TVia Hnnl nif ..I.. I l.l.. 1 1 .
U'm hard to bear this frosty air
, hv,t ,n ,w EIHU ui PJIUIIg,
1'iion the pond the skaters glide.
with merry laugh and ihout.
Swift down tho tdlde tho consters ride,
...... .u.- n.niiuvij 1,-IIJBU lllMllil.
It's sweet to think of winter days
When summer heat Is IT
And that Is why we thought to try
0'
1 1
' m 1
0
V
iv vvvi yuu oil a. uu.