THE OMAHA DAILY BEE: THURSDAY, MAY 2, 1001.
0
OIL MINGLED WITH OZONE
Great Bom !a the 8Ucdird Fluid
Biuthern Cilifomio.
in
LOS ANGELES A CITV OF DERRICKS
More Matter Painped (Hit of tlir Hnrth
There Thnti 1 Dux In the
Klondike 1'nliiiUiiii
I, mill Vnttics.
Next to & gold discovery there is nothing
that caa cause cuch a stampede as the
finding of oil. Tho oil (ever Is a sort of
mental germ dlicase, and when tho bacillus
nets Into a man's mind ho casts his steady
golns business habits to tho winds anl
rushes off on a search that terminates only
when he hag struck It rich or has worn
himself out in a fruitless chase after this
wlll-o'-the-wlsp.
This la tho situation In a largo part of
southern California today. There has been
an Influx of boomers, oil prospectors and
adventurers of all hinds that outdoes the
record of Klondike or Capo Nome. Towns
have sprung up on the baro sandhills and
barn advanced in a few months to tho rank
of cities. All over the region between the
coast range and the Sierra Madre moun
tains, and from Siskiyou to San Bernardino,
thousands of outfits arc at work putting
down wells, while the men who have used
up their available cash In acquiring claims
are busy with pick and shovel trying to
dig down to tho oll-bearlng sand or are
looking for somebody to stake them to
carfare back cast so that they can float a
company on the strength of their few acres
of sagebrush. Men who valued their en
tire worldly possessions a few months ago
nt a few hundred dollars, ore now rated at
hundreds of thousands; over the whole
movement there Is the glamour of oil that
Is worthy to be ranked with the fuel of
Aladdin's 'lamp In Its fortune-giving poten
tialities. The oil excitement has made some big
changes in southern California within the
last year or so. It has transformed I.os
Angeles from a quiet, pleasant residence
town. Into a city of derricks, with the smell
of coal oil In tho air, and with a big pe
troleum exchange In which fortunes can
be won and lost as readily as they can In
Wall street. Los Angeles U the only part
of the region In which the .development
has reached anything Ilka Its maximum
point, and this restricted district Is flowing
more than 1,000,000 barrels a year.
CliniiKPK lit the Town,
The man who leti Los Angeles ten years
ago and returns there today will tlnd it lm-
posslblo to recognize the town. The rlchost
finds In this district have been made within
the city limits. The boom was started by
two men who dug a well with pick and
shovel at the corner of Patton and State
streets, near tho Second Street park. When
their strike was followed by othera on the
other side of tho city everybody who owned
a lot In tue proved district decided to take
a try at oil hunting. Men who owned houses
In the residenco portion of the city caught
tho fever nnd proceeded to disfigure their
lawns with derricks and lengths of oil plpo,
On some of the streets of Los Angeles one
will ee an ugly black derrick In front of
every house, whllo at least half the rcsl
dences have a second derrick In the back
yard. As a consequence of the fact that the
land In the city Is spilt up Into many small
holdings, no territory over had a more rapid
development than this Los Angeles, sec
tion. Wells have been put down In some
cases not moro than fifty or seventy-five
felt apart. This naturally followed from
tbelfact that every man' was eager to de
velop his land as far as possible, and when
his neighbor drilled two wells within the
space of an ordinary city lot, ho wjs com
pelled to do llkowlso in self-defense. The
result of this Is that tho oil sand Is being
rapidly drained of Its brown Quid and the
life of the local Industry has undoubtedly
been shortened. It will make a great rcc
ord while it lasts, however, for down to
the present time the Los Angeles district
has to Its credit more than 7,000,000 barrels
of oil, and tho city has firmly established
itself as the headquarters of the Industry In
southern California, having a flourishing oil
exchange which docs a business in oil stocks
of more than 1100,000 a month, although It
Is run on a very conservative basis, being
controlled by some of the leading business
men and oil experts of the city.
Oil Under the Ocean.
Probably nowwhere else in the world Is
there such a picturesque oil field as ex
lsts at Suramcrland, In Santa Barbara,
where the wells have been pushed right
out Into the Pacific and oil Is being pumped
from beneath the waters of old ocean Itself.
The town Is situated beside the ocean on
tho sides of steep hills. Between tht bills
and the water there la a narrow strip of
level land a quarter of a mllo wide and a
mile long. Five years ago a man named
Williams sunk a well on tho beach In front
of the town and struck oil, and started
what is known In California as "the beach
rush," which has covered the narrow level
strip in front of the town with a forest of
derricks. A year after this discovery J.
B Tredwell built an oil wharf out Into the
ocean and sunk a well from it. He drilled
through tho first oil sand which Is less
than 100 feet below tho surface, and struck
a second oil bearing stratum, which has
proved more profitable than tho first one.
Mr. Tredwell now has over 1,200 feet of oil
wharves carrytng a dozen wells, and his
example has been followed by other pros
pectors until the coast waters for a mile
or mora break under piers, which carry
hundreds of derricks. Up to date tho Sum
merland wells have not produced as large
a flow as those in some of the other sec
tions, but on the other hand the cost of
drilling Is less and It Is not necessary to
go down more than 200 feet to reach the
.'ower bearing stratum. It Is a noteworthy
fact that the further out from shore a
well Is drilled Uio thicker the oil stratum
Is found to be, and as the coast waters
aro comparatively shallow tor a long dis
tance out It Is probable that within a tew
years thero will be oil derricks halt a mile
or more out to sea. One great advantage
of the Summorland district Is that the oil
can bo loaded directly from the wharves
on which It Is produced into tank vessels.
It sells for 11 a barrel at the pier.
Kern lUver District.
At the present time the liveliest section
of the California oil fields Is tho Kern river
district. Tho first discovery In this section
was made about six miles from Bakersfield,
In May, 1693, at a depth of only sixty feet
Later in the same year the "Discovery
Well" was put down to a depth of 350 feet,
and began producing oil at the rato of thirty
barrels a day, This started tho rush to
Bakersfield, and since that time thousands
of wells have been sunk. Most of them yield
a flow of from twenty-five to seventy-five
barrels per day, although hundred-barrel
gushers have, been found not Infrequently.
The oil stratum is of exceptional thickness,
In many places from 300 to 500 feet through,
This premises a long period of productivity
which will make the total return from each
well extraordinarily profitable. A number
of experts who have examined the field have
estimated the probable flow of oil at from
130,000 to 200,000 barrels per acre.
The topographical situation of the Kern
river field I peculiar. It lies at the souths
ern end of the San Joaquin valley, Just
above the Junction of the Sierra Nevada
and the Coast range. Thus the field Is.
surrounded on three sides by mountains'
which form a basin filled with shale and
oil-bearing sand, which Is held by strata
of clay above and below. This situation
has Impressed every oil expert who has
visited the region and It Is a fact that
practically every well that has been put
down within this basin "Inside the dish
pan," as they say In Bakersfield has been
a profitable producer.
A Hcmarkalile llrvlvnl.
Bakersfield is the center point of the
Kern river excitement, and It Is In all re
spects a remarkable place at present. It
waB considered a dead town In California
up to tho time of the oil discoveries. Th
land was about as unpromising for agri
cultural purposes as could be found within
the limits of the state aud the Southern
Pacific flallroad company, which held most
of It, was glad to dispose of It at the rate
of 12.60 per acre. Even after the first
discovery tho railroad company did not
awake to the value of the bonanza which It
held, nnd sold a good many Acres at this
price, which It would be glad to buy back
now at (1.000 apiece. Hundreds of acres
that the Southern Pacific let go at from
12.50 to 17 have changed hands four or five
times since then, always at a rising scale,
which now reaches from 11,000 to 110,000
per acrd.
A good many fortunes havo been made
In tho Kern river field, within the last
twelve, months and some of the richest men
In that section today are men who worked
In dry goods shops and grocery stores for
130 a month no longer ago than last year.
For Instance, the biggest firm In Bakersfield
district Is Cbanstor & Canfleld, and the
head of the firm, "Joe" Chanslor, now the
mou prominent figure In California oil
operations, is a young man about twenty-
eight or twenty-nine years old, who has
made a modest fortuno of something like
115,000,000 within the last year and a half.
It is said that Chanslor was working as
a clerk In n Los Angeles grocery store when
he became Interested In' tho oil fields tn
the Ventura, county district about two years
ago. He had no money with which to take
up land and sink wells, but he managed
to raise 13,000 on a note by promlstng to
kIvo the lender one-half of the proceeds.
The three thousand sufficed to put down
three wells, two of which were profitably
productive, while tho third was a gusher.
It Is said that within a year of the time
he borrowed the money Chanslor paid the
man who loaned It to him 1178,000. which
represents a very good rate of Interest even
for California.
Chanslor and his partner were among
tho first prospectors of the Kern river dis
trict. They bought up as much land as
they could secure and were among those
who obtained land from tho Southern Pa
cific at 12.E0 an acre, which they would
not part with for less than 110,000 an acre.
Chanslor. owns some of the finest wells In
the Kern river district, and is In a fair
way to become, one of the richest men In
the country.
ffict of the Dciiion Inrtliditlng the
Berlirm TeWphtn Patent.
COMPETITION IN TELEPHONE BUSINESS
Opposition Comiinnle Sprenillns: Hnp-
ldl- In the Unat Bleetrlcal
I'reumtren Point on Artl
llclnl llltiinlnntlon.
Fortune In Value.
There are hundreds of stories less re
markable than this only In degree going
the rounds In Bakersfield, and the town Is
mad with oil excitement. It Is a lively
town nowadays In which every Und of s
gambling game Is run wide open. Day la1
borers arc receiving 110 and 112 for ten
hours' work and hotel prices make the Wal
dorf-Astorla seem cheap by comparison.
Nobody In Bakersfield believes that the oil
lands have reached the limit of their real
value, as yet, and a great deal of land spec
ulation Is going on. So welt Informed
man as Mr. C. A. Canfleld said recently
that 130,000 per acre was a conservative
estimate for the real value of the land
within the proved district. Should tho
production of the wells come up to tho es
timates of the oil experts who have exam
ined them, the value of the territory at
ready exploited will amount to something
like 1SOO.000.000.
There Is a side to the California oil dis
coveries which renders them of widespread
Importance. This Is the probability of the
future development of oil as fuel. None of
the oil taken from the California fields Is
refined for Illuminating purposes, but a wide
field of usefulness Is being found for It as
a substitute for coal, for beating and steam
making purposes. Already the Southern Pa
clfic and Santa Ke railroads are using it In
nearly all their locomotives In California as
fuel. These two companies alone nro using
100,000 barrels of all n month for this pur
pose and the Santa Fe road recently placed
an advance order for 1,250,000 barrels for
future delivery. In addition to this the
sugar beet factories and other manufactur
ing plants of California, are rapidly rejilac
Ing coal with oil, and Its uses for Ibis pur
pose aro likely to create a steady and strong
demand for all the oil that can be produced
In the California fields tor many years to
come. The great difficulty that has here
tofore retarded the (ndustrial development
,of California has been the high price of
fuel. Coal costs on the average about 16.50
a ton. under present conditions oil sells
at from 11.00 to 11.25 per barrel, and 14.50
worth of oil will do the work of a, ton of
coal, and tn the opinion of many person
will do It better than the, coal itself. The
oil, therefore, promises to make Its own
market nnd to prove of the greatest lm
portanco to the whole Pacific coast region
in encouraging Its industrial development
and making It one of the great mamitac
turmg centers pi tne united statesr
OUT OK TUB OIIDI.NABY.
The magnitude of tho oneratlons carried
on Incldenta Iv bv David Rankin, tile Mis
sourl cattle king, may be Imagined when H
Is remembered that nt his ranch In Atchi
son county this year he will Dlant 10.000
aefea of corn nlone, employing about 250
men and utilizing 600 nones.
Ireland lost by emigration last venr 45.
23 souls, an Increase over 1!30 of 3,347. Over
S3 per cent or tnese were netween tne ages
or is ami sa. ui tne toiai numoer or emi
irrnnls 37.765 came to the United States
Orcat Britain received 6,060, New Zealand
st, cunada 473 and Australia Nt.
There are 7.400 members of the New York
nnllee force for all the boroughs 7.36S. to
be exact. The number of arrests made by
the New York nouce last year was 13S.87.-
or an average oi ociween eigmeen ana
twnntv for each oollceman. In 1S90 the ex,
penses of the New York police departrrsnt
wore jll.WiVXJU. inis year mcy are in,
The nrlvate letter books of Robert Mor
rls, the financier of the revolution, which
were lost for several ceneratlons. were
brought to light In Washington recently
nnd havo been deposited In the congres
sional library. Another acquisition by the
library is the original manuscript setting
torin tne various uecrees ay wnicn me
titles wcro conferred on Columbus by the
pope tor ma discovery oi America.
A mammoth black walnut tree on th
farm of K. P. Oaus In Williams county
Ohio, has hint heen sold for 14.000. Severn
lumber dealers have examined chips from
this tree, nnd all have declared It to be the
finest specimen of that kind of wood they
ever saw. i ne tree was eignt teet in diani
etei forty feet above the atumn nnrl ox
tended seventy. three feet from the butt to
tne nrsi umo.
Consul Warner reports from llplc that
a new niBwuiu oi mreot car advertising wa
started In that city on January 1 last. In
every street car are nung copies of a bl
weekly newspaper, a Journal which eon
tains advertisements, railroad time table,
a lew jour, una nonce oi tne performance
to be given nt tne different theaters. The
newspapers are fastened on racks which
are hung upon hooks In the comers of the
cars, xne passengers nave tne privilege 01
taking the papers down and reading them
Persons traveling by rail over any of the
first-class eastern lines can scarcely help
nottctns tho tastefully-kept lawns and
grass niata aiounu tn passenger stations,
Few travelers have known, however, that
the railway companies employ professional
gardener and a lane force of assistants
who do no'lilnr nut attend to tne beautlfr
Ins of the' company's srounda. Andrew R
Carson, head gardener of tho Pennsylvania
Railroad company, has Just died In Phila
delphia after & continuous service of thirty
years. He, was retired under the pension
rulo or the company on January 1, 1S00. Ho
was susceeaeu vy. nis son. joseprt u. car
son, who is now In charge of the depart
men i oi tunuiiuiio saiuciims.
NTI1E FIELD OF ELECTRICITY
Electricians declare that the recent de
cision of Judge Brown of the United States
Ircult court for the district of Massachu
setts, that the patent Issued November 17,
1S91, to Emlle Berliner was Invalid and
dismissing the suit brought by the Ameri
can Bell Telephone company against other
companies, Is a great victory for the lndc
ptndent telephone field. In speaking of
the decision Charles A. Brown, in the West
ern Electrician, says:
"In respect to the Interests Involved, tho
suit surpasses any prior patent suit. It the
lalms of the American Bell Telephone
company regarding this patent had been
sustained It would have given that com
pany or Its successors the absolute monop
oly of all forms of telephone transmitters
now In commercial use. Some form of
transmitter Is absolutely essential to the
carrying on of the telephone business. By
controlling, therefore, this essential detail
of telephonic apparatus, the American Belt
Telephone company would have been put
n complete control of the telephone busi
ness of tha country as It Is now carried on.
When It Is considered that throughout tne
nited States there havo grown up. In the
seven years since the expiration of the fun
damental telephone patents, vast Interests
Independent of the American Bell Tele
phone company Interests which have cov
ered the whole country with a network of
Ires and have established exchanges In
many of the Important cities of the coun
try, as well as a multitude of small towns
the Importance of this decision may be ap
preciated. Since the expiration of the fun-
amcntal Bell telephone patents the growtti
f telephony has far oxcccdcd all Us groavth
prior to that time. There Is hardly a farm
ing community In tho country which has not
Its system of private lines.
"The decision will have the effect of re
lieving tho apprehension of manufacturer
nd Investors who are Interested or likely
to be Interested In Independent telephone
nterprlses, on the score of any funda
mental patent controlled by the American
Bell Telephone company at the present
time, and will give a decided Impetus to
new telephone enterprises, so that It may
be looked upon with certainty that there
will bo more development of the telephone
Industry In the Immediate future than
there has been even In the past. It must
not be forgotten, however, that the Amerl
can Bell Telephone company still controls
a vast number of patents upon telephonic
apparatus, probably reaching 2.500. It Is
possible that, having failed In Its etlort to
control the telephone situation by one
hroad. underlying patent. It may now be
the policy of that company to harass Inde
pendent telephone company enterprise by
a multiplicity of suits upon subsidiary pat
ents. There Is none of these patents, how
ever, which can bo a cause of great appre
hension on the part of the Independent tele
phone interests at the present time."
Telephone Competition.
According to the last annual report of
the Belt company there were 1.5S0.000 In
struments out In 1899, whereas In 1P0J therj
were 1,050,000. As each station hns two In
struments, a receiver and a transmitter,
that would mean. If all were in use. 1.000,
000 subscribers, or perhaps slightly less, as
many havo more than one set. If one Is to
accept the figures of Judge Thomas, the
president of the Independent Telephone As
eoclatloc of the united States, the opposi
tion musters already 1,500,000 subscribers
In rome 5,000 or 6,000 companies or co-oper
olive concerns. Judge Thomas has stated
that while there are now 2,500,000 sub
scrlbers here, 7,500,000 stations could be
maintained at reasonable prices on the ex
isting basis of population, and he believes
that figure can now be reached In five years,
In other words, by 1905 the telephone In
vestment In this country will easily have
passed 11.000,000,000. The tjuestlton Is. how
much of this vast amount of new work shall
bo Bell, and how much shall be secured
by the Independents. The Bell telephone
apparatus proper In thl&jcountry Is all made
by one concern, which has factories tn New
York and Chicago. There are already at
least seventy recognised makers of Inde
pendent apparatus, mostly In the west, and
It Is predicted that the number will hava
doubled before the year is out. Some of
the Independeat manufacturers have al
ready equipped large exchanges, among
which may be mentioned those at St. Louis,
Pittsburg, Baltimore, Atlanta, Cleveland
Rochester, Tcrro Haute, Indianapolis and
other cities, and they have contracts ahead
for very heavy work.
Open-AIr Telephone.
The nearest approach to wireless teleg
raphy In point of convenience of communt
cation Is the open-air telephone, for use in
tne public streets, wnen tr.ls nas come
into use you can Jump off a afreet car at
any corner, call up "central" and talk with
your pastor or your best flrl and have It
all over In a second.
William Gray of Hartford, Conn., the In
ventor of the regulation booth telephone
has concocted the scheme, and fifty of the
machines are now being put together by
the Gray Telephone Pay Station company,
One will soon be put up for trial on one
of the street corners in New Haven. It
the device proves as successful as its in-
venter imagines that It will, tho Introduc
tion of the machine throughout the United
States will depend only on the consent of
the municipal authorities.
This outdoor telephone Is of the height
and shape of1 a police or fire alarm box.
The slender Iron post that bears the box
and the box Itself have a white aluminum
finish. The sides of the box bear the blue
bell, the emblem of the telephone pay sta
tion. The door can bo unlocked by dropping 1
cent In the slot, and the coin can be re
covered upon the opening of the door. In
side the box Is a mechanical pay station
telephone with the slots for dimes, nickels,
etc., and on the Inside of the door bangs a
telephone directory.
The receiver la attached to tho back by a
short arm, and beside It hangs the trans
mitter. .Connection with the central office
Is made In the usual way, and when cen
tral gets the person wanted and the money
Is deposited conversation may proceed.
The door of the box Is on beveled binges
and shuts Itself by gravitation after the
telephone has been used.
It Is apparont that such street stations
will make telephoning so easy that there
will be a general demand for their Intro
duction. Of course, they cannot be put In
without the consent of the local authori
ties, and they, may bo regarded as an ob
struction In the street, although they will
take up no more room than fire alarm or
police telephone boxes.
It Is suggested that the telephone call
box may supplant both of these, and make
them no longer necessary, as It Is Intended
to permit the police to use the boxes free
for messages to station houses and even
permit tho free use of them to anybody
who wants to communicate with the police.
EJIectrlrnl Pressure.
Until very recently It was not deemed
safe to transmit power In the form of elec
tricity at a greater pressure than 10,000
or 15,000 volts. Between Niagara and Buf
falo a voltage of 11,000 Is now employed,
but this wltl be doubled before many weeks.
Tho pressure on the Folsom-Saeramento
line In California Is 11.000 volts. A line
In Colorado which operates machinery In
mines near Canyon City tcansmlts Us cur
rent at 20,000 volts. The two most remark
ablo transmission plants In this country
and probably In the world, in point of volt
ages, are tho3e at Tcllurlde, Colo., and the
line from San Bernardino to Los Angeles,
Cat. The former Is short, but carries tho
current at 40,000 volts. This pressure was
adopted as a regular thing after a scries
of tests In which n voltage of 50,000 was
successfully sustained for thirty-seven con
secutive days. The San Bernardino line,
though, while worked at only 33,000 volts,
Is olghty-thrce miles long, and carries no
less than 10,000 horse power. On tho whole,
electricians regard It the boldest achieve
ment in electrical transmission yet re
corded. '
Within the next few months an even
more notable success will probably be an
nounced from California. A corporation
which now controls several power houses
and Is supplying current to towns and min
ing districts tn Yuba and Nevada counties,
has nearly completed a lino to Oakland
and San Francisco that will be 110 mites
In length. On some of Its existing lines
the company Is transmitting at 16,000 and
24.000 volts. But the transformers will be
capable of giving 40,000, 50,000 or 60,000 on
tho Oakland route. Operations will begin
at 40,000 volts, and the higher pressure
will be resorted to as soon as the losses
which result from an Increasing "load" ex
ceed 10 per cent. The line Is being con
structed with, a view to standing 60,000
volts regularly.
The chief requisite to the safe handling
of high voltage Is good Insulation, Just as
mere strength Is to a steam pipe carrying
fivefold greater pressure than another. A
few years ago electricians would have stood
aghast at the Idea of employing 60,000 volts
In actual service. But It will probably not
be long before they try to beat even this
astonishing record.
These figures afford a basis of comparison
for a new plant which is about to be opened
in Minnesota. It supplies St. Taut with
electricity from Apple river, twenty-sovcu
miles away. The four dynamos utilized
have a collective capacity of only 4,000
horse power, but the current, although gen
erated at SOO volts, Is transformed up to
5,000 volts for transmission purposes only.
When It gets into St. Paul It Is trans
formed down again. It will be observed
that the pressure here employed Is at pres
ent equaled or surpassed In very few In
stances In the world, and exceeds that to be
tried at Niagara tn the near future.
Arllllrlnl Illumination.
Dr. Louts Bell, In lecturing on electrical
Illumination before the New York Electrical
society, said that the question of artificial
illumination was one about which there
was a great deal of popular misconception.
More Illumination falls from being too
bright than from not being bright enough.
One of the fundamental principles of
Illumination Is that the source of lighting
should be unobtrusive. This Is the direc
tion In which most artificial lighting errs.
Instead of helping the vision It often hin
ders it. for the reason that a bright point
of light In the field of vision causes the
pupil to shut up and protect Itself, reduc
ing the amount of light, so that one canno'
see wth anything like the convenience
which the degree of. light would seem to
Indicate. When Hell Gate In the Nrv York
harbor and the entrance to the sound
wero lit by large lamps surmounting high'
towers there were constant complaints
from tho pilots of various boats that the
lights bothered them. The authorities re
torted: "That cannot bo, wo are giving
vnti fine Illumination. V. So thev were, but
they were giving It frfrm radiants so. bright
that the eyesight of the pilots was dazzled
and they could not- see the surrounding
objects. Tho highest Artificial brilliancy In
ccrrmerclal use comes from the arc light.
which may give anyvhero from 20,000 to
60,000 candle-power per square inch In cer
tain parts of Its arc. Somo estimates have
run as high as 100,000 candle-power per
6quaro Inch of radiant surface. The direction
of illumination Is of th greatest Importance.
It should come always from cither above
or from the side. Light reflected from snow
la peculiarly severe, and often produces
a species of Inflammation resulting In snow
blindness This comes, not from Its great
brilliancy, for It Is not even bright as the
sunlight, but because It strikes upward
from tho enow, entering the eye from an
unfamiliar direction, and probably concen
trating Its strength on the part of the
retina least able to withstand that par
ticular source of pounding by light rays.
It has been found that blackening tho
lower eyelids with burned cork will arrest
the development of snow blindness. In
speaking of the Nernst lamp, Dr. Bell ex
plained that tho principle Involved In its
operation Is that of the formation of an
electric arc, heating to an enormous degree
a thin pencil or slip of highly refractory
material, which becomes conducting, and
rising to an intense temperature, gives out
a great deal of light. Dr. Bell expressed
the belief that In six months or a year the
Nernst lamp would become quite a common
sight In this country.
conomtj
the California
Prune
The Cnlifornia Prune calls for recognition not merely
as a relish but as a substantial addition to the daily food.
At prices now prevailing it Is as cheap an article of sus
tenance as can be purchased. You get substantial value
for all the money you pay out. You do not pay provision
prices for 75 water as you do In purchasing meat or
other provisions or fruits. A 25-lb. box of prunes In a
family, besides enabling the housewife to prepare many
delicious dishes, will save double their cost In meat, to
say nothing of doctor's bills. If, especially in the diet of
children, prunes were substituted for one-half the milk
and all the sweet cake and candy, our children would be
far more healthful than they now are.
The proof that you are getting this prune is tne orana of
the California Cured Fruit Association, as displayed below.
PRUNE 6AUCC
Try this recipe for "Prune Sauce" which
iron a prize in California Prize Prune
Cooking Contest a few weeks ago:
"Tnlio about two pound of cured prnnea,
'oh thoroughly. Then put tho prunes In
nn enrthenwnre dish and cover with cold
v filer, nddlng eunr to, ult the tout.. Let
them ntnml for thirty hours. Then they are
rent!)- for the table,"
Be aura and nd for book containing
IOO raclpea for preparing prunes In every
way, which were obtained In a prli. con
teat participated In by the very beatcooU
and chefs of California. This book to
gether with a " Prune Primer," which will
delight th little folks, will be sent free
Address
CALIFORNIA
CUKIiD PHUIT
ASSOCIATION
San Jos, Cal.
Klectrlcnl .Vote.
Montreal, which has enloved nbout the
cheapest electric lighting rates In America,
becauue of the keen competition between
two rival companies operating water
powers. Is to have a 123,000,000 combination
of all the lighting and power companies In
the city, and ltn effect on the lighting rates
is awaited witn interest.
A Missouri editor has had erected.
equipped and connected with his printing
office an extensive system of -telephone
lines, going not only to nearby towns, but
also to numerous rarmnouses. ids original
object was solely to gain news moro easily
for his paper. The enterprise haH doveloned
until now he lias an extensive rural tcle-
pnone system.
Some 300.000 miles of electric wire wero In
use for telephony In the United States In
1S39. with i.OOO.uuO telephone Instruments
and 400.0W stations. It Is estimated that
the capital employed in this Industry In tho
United fitatPH approximates 1100.000,00"). The
telenhones of the whole worlrl o Ywtl-
mated to number 1,500,000, with 1,750,000
miles or wire. Tne telephone service n
this country thus approximately equals
iniii oi hii oiner couninrs comnined, in
1876 there were 200 Instruments working In
curope ana an in tne i iiiieii states.
According to the Electrical World W. S,
TlnrnMt nnri l ft. rSnnilhiil nt Xffll...n..vAA
Wis., are the Inventors of a device which
permits the calling of any subscriber on a
party telephone Hue without disturbing the
other subscribers on the same line. Tho
apparatus la called the multiplex teleslg.
It Is said to bo possible by the use of the
new device to maintain on one rlmnli
telephone service, station signaling on rail
roads, police and flro signaling, messenger
Borvice, cic. a numuer en suomarine mines
may be placed In circuit and nnv of them
cxpiouea witriout atiecung me others.
The electric searchlight that is to b In
stalled on the electrlo tower of the Pan
American exposition at Buffalo, N", y nays
Electricity. Is designed to attract much at
tention. The searchlight, which la a thirty
Inch projector, will bo the most wonderful
light of Its kind ever erected, nnrl i win
operated on the 30-foot level of the electric
iucr. tn urucr iu inure uennitey locate
this 360-foot level It may be' further pointed
out that It 1 tho level at which the tower
makes the last contraction, und this Is
only thirty-one feet below the extreme
apex or highest point of the tower nnd
statue of the Goddess of Light that will
surmount It. Tho beam from this senrch
llcht will flash throuch the uirv n.i. .
brilliancy that will cause It to be seen for
u ui.i4iii.-i3 ui hi i-uni tiny miiea.
Indigestion Is tho direct cause of dlseate
that kills thousands of persons annually.
Stop the trouble at the start with a little
Prickly Ash Bitters; it strengthens tht
stomach and aids digestion.
Colorado 'Will llanir Murderer.
DENVER. May 1. The bill restoring ennl
tal punishment by hanging for murder In
uoioraao Decames a taw witnout the gov
ernor's signature, the time In which h
could veto It having expired last night
Under the law. which becomes effeetlvi
July 1 next, the Jury will fix the penalty In
muracr cases.
CALIFORHf
Cubed fruit
50CIATI0"
"It Sved My Life."
, t Jt .. Vlllard. III., Aujuit 1, 1900.
I was In bad health thli spring and could not lit up In bed for four weeks. Vfhsn I
wa conllned my child died. Whtn I bt jan to sit up I felt jo weak and had sueh tmibla
palm In my back and hips. I hid kldnty trouble, heart trouble and falling of tht womb.
I alio had hysterical spells. I was In a bad condition whtn I rtetlvtd your " Ladles'
Birthday Almanac" and read tht advertliertitnt of Wine of Cardul end Thedford's Black.
Draught. Since April 20th, I have taktn four bottles el Wine of Cardul and three packages
of Thedford's Black.Drauijht. I fttl like a new person now. I an do all my work and
ran walk out to lee any of my neighbors. I bcllevt I would have been In the grave had It
not been for Wine of Cardul. IT SAVED MY LIFE. Mm. ALICE DAVIS.
It ii well that women are more patient than men. Few men could bear
the bitter pangs, the agony and diitreii that women endure. Thousands of
women have come to look upon sutTcrinj aj a duty of their itx. But there are
many instances of this heroic fortitude which
wiNEo'Cymui
now renders unnecessary. Women need no longer suffer for modesty's sake. Wine of Cardul brings
relief to modest women in the privacy of their homes. Many of the best homes in this city are never
without this great medicine. It cures "whites" and falling of the womb and completely eradicates these
digging periodical pains. Mrs. Davis' cure shows you conclusively what you may expect h you
follow her example and take Wine of CarduL . Thedford's Black-Draught aids Wine of Cardui by regu
lating the stomach and bowels. When you ask your druggist for these medicines, be sure you get
them. It was Wine of Cardui and Thedford's Black-Draught that saved Mrs. Davis' life. Never take a
Substitute. ftn.'r.L'VK11"' addresaTlnr symptoms, "Th. Ladies' Advisory
Department," The Chattaaooga Medicine Company, Chattanooga, Tenn.
Another Bee "Dot" Contest
Starts May 8th
$1,500.00 in Prizes and a Bull Pup.
This Will Keep 'Em Guessing
Can You
Add
Correctly
4&
TV
fa
fc. ' w '
Prizes for
the
Nearest
Correct Sum
of All the
Figures.
6' C
The above is a suggestion of what it is like.
$ We guarantee that every one sending us the correct
sum of the figures will get a prize.
nv
it
Wait for the Figures May 8th
