THE OMAILA DAILY UEE: WEDNESDAY, MAY 1, 1901.
The umaha Daily Bee.
K. llOSKWATEK. KDlTOlt.
I'lULISHl'D UVHHV MOUN1NU.
TKK.M8 Ol Sl'HSCIUPTlON.
. any lice (without Sunday), Ono Year. JS. 00
i any Ueo und Sunday, Onu Year S.W
luiitnited lice, Ono Year J.w
. iiiiduy lice, Ono Year -.W
i.miriay Hoc, one Yer
win I lo ill Century Farmer, One leur.. l.uu
OlU'lCESi
Omaha; Tho Ueo Building.
South Omaha; City Jlalt Building, Twen
t) -tilth and M Street a.
Council Blurts: 10 Pearl Street.
liicngu. lM'i Unity itulldlng.
.New York. Temple Court.
ashlngton: m Fourteenth Street.
comiKsroxDUN'CK.
Communications relating tu news and edi
torial mutter (thou Id be addressed: Omaha
live, Kdltoilnl Department.
nrsiNuss i.httkks.
Business letters and remittances should
lie uuclre.iseds Tho Ueo Publishing Com
pany, umaha.
IllSMlTTANCKS,
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omy i-ccnt stamps accepted In payment of
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umaha or Kastern exchanK1'", not accepted.
i'm-;ihis 1'uni.iani.va company.
STATKMUNT OF CIIICUIjATION.
Htate of .Nebraska, Douglas County, ss.:
Ucorno U. TzschJek, neerutary ot The Ileo
J'liinlniiinK '.ompany, being duly nwjrn.
.iyn (hat the actuill number ot full and
umipluie copies of Tho Dally, Morning,
IvveiiinK and Sunday Ueo printed during tho
month oi March, 1WI, was an follows:
1 illl.IMO
17 a,:ir.o
is uti.siso
19 ." sit.r.ao
24 at,:i:iu
21 UO.IIM)
22 iO.aio
3 UD.StMO
21 IK), IKO
. a.. i 20,tau
:c itt,.-.:io
27 i!,:i:io
25 :tu,44u
20 :io,72u
jo.-...; au.uo
81 IW.U'M
'2 ; ...LMI.N20
;i a7,MM
4 -Jll.NIMj
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10..
II..
13..
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14,.
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...211,11 1()
...XM.tHIJ
...27,:iou
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..,M7,tll(
..,7,(1110
...UT.IIOO
...7,11.-0
...2N, l.-.O
13,
Total , H!7.rS7B
l.esa unsold and returned copies.... li,hl7
Net total sales .MH-4.U7H
Net dally average iH,5il4
otxmoH n. tzsciiuck.
Subscribed In my presence and sworn to
ut-iurc me nils ihi day or April, A. U. mi.
M. B. HUNQATK.
Notary Public.
No nioitiii nooded to make nn nmll
torium brick ntlck.
Tlio flpcciiliitni' who tnkt'M it vncntlon
now Is llkt'ly to overlook n clianuo to
iiiiiku or lose it fortune.
South Otutilui's (.ouncllninnlo deadlock
lias liccu broken without tho withdrawal
of the nindldatoH. And It did not last
thrcu months cither.
.Minister Conger will not stop In
Omaha, hut ho should underHtand thut
Omiihri's greeting would be Just as cor
dial us any ho will receive.
A Xew York sociologist has written a
book on tho subject "Why Men Ilecome
Drunk." If he would wntch some men
for Just ouu day he could explalu It all
in a few words.
History has recorded what the gov
ernor of North Carolina snld to the gov
ernor of South Carolina but what Gov
ernor Dietrich will say to Governor Sav
age Is quite a different matter.
The removal of the $5,00doffer for a
mere visit from tho lion. . L". Crowe
means that the privilege, of shaking
hands with that distinguished 'gentleman
has Buffered a severe collapse In Its mar
kcl price.
The elimination of the wine accom
paniments from the menu card of the
Conger banquet at Council Hluffs seems
to Indicate that the area of dry barom
eter that hovered over Omaha last Sun-
daj bus extended across the river.
The supreme court has decided that
'calls" are' taxable under the revenue
act. It generally costs enough now to
see what kind of a hand the other fel
low has without being stuck for 2 cents
more lu revenue stamps.
St. Louis Is reaping the llrst fruits of
the lute democratic victory In that city.
J ho grand Jury has Indicted seven
teen democratic politicians and workers
for Illegal voting and other election
crookedness and Is still investigating.
Ono sure consequence of Governor
Dietrich s exercise of the pardoning
power will bo seen In the acceleruted
circulation of pardon petitions for other
guests at tho state's walled hostelry,
lint the pardon business, like everything
Ise, euu be overworked.
A list of American millionaires printed
In a New York paper plants llfteen of
the species In Nebraska, glvlug names
that would bo "most surprising to their
owners. Ask any tax assessor If yori
want to get the answer that there aro
no millionaires lu Nebraska.
Wuvld B. Hill is coy as ever. He not
only denies thut he Is seeking the next
democratic nomination for tho presi
dency,' nut insists that It Is too soon to
t it'll: abdut, thu jL-ainimlgn or thu caudl-
unicK. tiiij other ambitious oues
wjll, of course, bo expected to wait
until David makes up his mind whether
he wants It before they lay plans for
capturing the nomination.
huglish people aud press hnvo had
considerable sport with tho United
States over the numerous consolidations
anil largo purchuses of J. Plerpout Mor-
gnu anil his associates. They came out
of their tit of hilarity just In time to
discover that- Mr. Morgan and other
American capitalists had gobbled up
the largest steamship line In Kngland,
or in the worm, tor that matter. If
they are uot careful Morgan will next
be looking, over .loljn Bull's navy and
win uuy it up u iio iiues n.
The eommauders of tho foreigu forces
In China nre beginning to see tho ad
visability of getting out of China at the
earliest date possible. They havo
noU'h'd the ministers of their readiness
. I. It ..-I t.i . il
to quit nny lime tho ministers say the
trouble Is. settled, No glory Is to be
gained in further occupation, whllo the
presence of forelgiivsoldlers unless abso
lutely necessary, Is a source of danger
Tho sooner the pther jxiwers come to
the conclusion reached by the United
States some time ago the better It will
he for nil concerned.
suvTHhiiz in:n'iihu.i.ii?M.
A great deal of attention Iiih been
given, both In the north and the south,
to the utterances of Senator Mcl.iiurlii
of South Carolina, In which lie
practically repudiates the principles of
the democratic party and In effect ap
peals, to southern democrats to support
the principles of the republican parly.
An effort has been made by Tillman and
some others to discredit tho views of
Mcl.iiurln, but It does not appear that
It Is particularly effective. While on the
other hand there Is apparent n growing
disposition hi the south to break away
from the old partisan restrictions and
restraints and to take a broader and
more comprehensive view of national
duty hhd opportunity.
One of the ablest of the democratic
representatives of the south Is Mr. Liv
ingston of Georgia, and in a recent In
terview he said he was not surprised (o
hear e.xpresslons of favor from southern
men for tho policies of the republican
party, nolably among those engaged In
big business enterprises. He said that
those men believe In protection, expan
sion, liberal expenditures for public Im
provements and u policy for the de
velopment of Industries and tin? exten
sion of trade mid commerce. Ho de
clared that If the negro question Were
out of the wry most of the business
men of the south would be with the
rupubllcan party. "The south has been
struggling nloug for years trying to
build up Its Industries," said Mr. Liv
ingston, "and there exists a strong senti
ment in favor of the encouragement of
the Industries which have Jioou and are
being developed. Our people have seen
other sections M the country enjoying
prosperity under the protection whlc.li
has been given to their products. Pro
tection sentiment in the south must lie
a largo factor In making republicans of
men who, while believing In republican
policies, have been associated with the
democratic party, and If tilts republican
party abandons or modules Its protective
policy that might counteract what would
be gained by that party by tho gradual
elimination of the negro question."
It has been for some time apparent
that the Industrial growth of the south
would Inevitably draw more ami more
of the substantial people- Of that section
to tht; support of republican economic
policy and In spite of the race Issue
there is no doubt that tendency in this
direction Is steadily becoming strouger
Material progress anil prosperity Is a
matter of primary Importance to the
south. The people of that section are
thinking more of It today than ever be
fore In their history. This Is shown lu
the expressions of tho commercial boil
les and not a few of the leading Jour
mils of the south, as well as In tho ut
terances of some of the more courageous
of the public men of that section. It Is
not to be Inferred from this that the
south Is to at once or In the near future
become republican, but that Its Influence
will be exerted to prevent any radical
departure from those policies of the re
publican party which have promoted the
prosperity of the south ami to which
the practical men of that section look
for future progress.
UUFIMMIXO IJi' Tilt) WRUNG DIHCCTtOX.
According to the World-Herald "nn
Important reform yet to be accomplished
lu municipal government Is the transfer
of the burden of street paving expense
from the shoulders of the Individual
property owners to those of the taxpay
ers In general." and It reluforces this
with a demand for tho amendment of
the law to provide for the levying of
paving taxes on the taxpayers gener
ally Instead of abutting property own
ers as now.
Such a "reform" would amount to a
complete abolition o( our present sys
tem of taxation by special assessment,
Tho long article printed In support of
its position does not warrant any such
conclusion, but on the contrary affords
the very proof that the World-Herald
is barking up tho wrong tree.
Our system of special assessment for
benetlts In defraying the expense of
street improvement Is older than the re
public. It has been duveloped to meet
the absolute needs of our fast growlug
cities and Its underlying principle has
been tested and upheld In nearly every
state and federal court lu the union.
The principle, simply stated, Is that
where a piece of property receives spe-
cllic benefits from a particular public
improvement the expense of the Im
provement shall bo taxed against tho
property In proportion to the beuetlt, but
not in excess of the beuetlt
The courts
have repeatedly held that special ussess
mcuts, grossly In excels of estimated
benetlts. are to that extent a denrlva
tlon of property without due process of
law, but on the other hand they have
refused to Interfere where the assess
meat roughly approximates the beuetlt,
although the rule of apportionment be
by value, front foot or superficial area.
So far as special assessments for pav
ing lu Omaha are concerned the front
foot rule has never been carried to ex-
tremes,
Tho taxpayers lu general havo
assumed thu expense of pavlu
street
and alley Intersections which make up1
100 feet out of every IMM, or nearly one-
third of the entire cost. What has madu
our paving assessments burdensomo has
not been tho method of levying them,
but tho fact that miles of streets were
paved with perlshablo materials to sat
isfy the clamor of town lot speculators,
whllo tho Inflated values of boom times
havo since falleu down to bedrock
To abolish our system of special as
sessments and substitute geueral taxa
tion nt this stage would Inflict the most
deplorable cases of doublo taxation.
Property owners who huvo paid for the
Improvements In frout of their premises
would bo called upon to help pay a sec
ond time for the improvements on other
streets In which they had but littto In
terest, while thu taxshlrker and tin
proveinent obstructor, who has blocked
I ..it . -..
all efforts to pavo or hold back on pay
ing hs useessments, would bo rewarded
by having the city take up his burdens
for him.
There Is no deuiuud for changtug the
law of special assessment on the part of
people who understand tho law and the
principle of taxation out of which It has
giu-MH. ii uuy leionu is neeueti it is
simply In tho technical details of the
law and In a more Intelligent applica
tion of its principles.
DMFTtXO tOW.KlXD TIIK USD.
The latest advices from the Philippines
continue to bo assuring. One by one the
bunds who are opposing, In the most
futile possible way, the progress of
American authority, are yielding and It
Is found, In almost every case, that
these forces are purely guerrilla ami
are plundering the country lu which
they are carrying on their operations.
In other words, It Is demonstrated that
all organized resistance to the nutborlty
of the United Slates Is today ut an end
uud that all that Is now necessary to lln-
isli up the task of the United States in
the Philippines, so far as the Tiigal In
surrection Is concerned, Is to subdue u
few bandits, not to conquer men In re
volt against American authority lu the
Interest of the Filipino Independence.
As we have before pointed out, there
Is not now even the semblance of ait
effort on the part of the Klllplno people
for Independence. That pretensu Is long
ago (lend. Agulualdo himself Is author
ity for the statement that a majority of
tho Filipinos want peace ami are per
fectly willing to accept the sovereignty
of the United States. There are still lu
the lleltl, at the head of small bauds, u
few desperate men, some of whom aro
by their past course of pillage uud mur
der irnil the violation of civilized war
fare, afraid to surrender lest they suffer
tin; Just penalty of their brutal course,
but leaders of this kind cannot long
hold together any considerable number
of followers among a people who are
becoming more ami more convinced, or
perhaps are already fully convinced, of
the futility and hopelessness of the con
test In which they are engaged.
The condition of affairs lu the Philip
pines today, as shown by the most au
thoritative advices, Is lu every respect
as satisfactory as could be wished under
the circumstances. There Is every pros
pect antl promise thut within a few
months the entire archipelago will be
paclllcd and that everywhere throughout
the Islands American authority will be
established. All the evldeuco. goes to
show thut wherever civil government Is
Instituted under American authority, It
Is well received and properly respected.
The Intelligent natives who are able
to understand and appreciate It submit
without a question and the lutlueuce ot
these will be steadily extended.
Thus the outlook lu the Philippines Is
most reassuring ami It seems a safe
prediction that before the current year
ends the paclttcatlou of the islands will
be complete.
TUB I'AllDUX Of ROLLS.
We do not believe a word of protest
will be raised against the action of
Governor Dietrich commuting the sen
tenee of Henry Bolln to relieve him of
the unexpired portion of his penlten
tlary term: While the embezzlement
of which ho, was convicted was a
thigrant breach of public trust, the cuds
of Justice have unquestionably beeu nl
ready subserved' and the full force of
his tonvlctlon, .and, jiunlshment ns a
warning example- uecl'ued. The lesson
of the ISollh defalcation will not soon
be lost upon this community, and, so
far as the principal Is concerned, no
further apprehension need be harbored
but thut from now on In his old age
he will walk the straight path of recti
tude and honesty.
There Is no need to review again In
detail the circumstances and Incidents of
IJolln's undoing and trial for the purpose
of moralizing upon them. But because
the governor's pardon will be heartily
acquiesced In by every one In Omaha
people must not let the Idea seize upon
them that tho conviction was unwar
ranted or the sentence a distortion of
the law. The guilt In the Bolln case
was so self-evldeut, lu fact self-con
fessed, that the two successive trials
should have been eutlrely unnecessary
nntl the cost of prosecution should have
been saved the taxpayers by a prompt
plea In court. While Bolln was to a
great extent the victim of his friends
the target of blackmailers and the
scapegoat of associates, his mlsappro
prlatlou of public funds constituted a
series of systematic and carefully cov
ered-up embezzlements, not committed
under sudden Impulse, but extendlug
over a loug period of time. His prose
cutlon was In no sense persecution, but
merely a vindication of the law bringing
retribution for undeniable misdeeds
Tho response of the governor, there
fore, to his petltlou for pardou, Is purely
the exercise of executive clemency and
not the tardy correction of a miscarriage
of justice
Bolln returned to the sceno of his ac
tive career, will, we feel sure, tind that
he still has friends remembering his
many good trults aud anxious to forgive
and forget his misfortunes who will be
ready to extend u helping hand to htm
The past for him Is history the futuro
the Rtoucmcut.
One commeutator on tho president'
tour not only Indorses the plan of the
chief executive traveling through the
couutry for the purpose of keep
Ing lu touch with the people and
getting out of thu atmosphere ot
officialism at Washington, but sug
gests that presidents ought to be com
polled by law to visit every state In the
union at least onco every (our years, and
adds that the same idea could be taken
up with bencllt by congress itself, livery
part of tho couutry would gladly we
come the president, but as to tho pos
script about congress, that will require
a referendum.
The meanest trick perpetrated lately
Is credited to Indiana. When Mr. Ca
rle Nation was deprived of the nrotee
tlon of the hatchet-wleltle-, a number
of low-down pickpockets rffobed thu un
I 11...- ..I.I 2 m ..II I.I.
suspecting old gentleman of all hi
money and return ticket. 'Woo unto that
town when Carrie gets oat of Jail aud
tluils time to attend to Its case.
Cuban delegates who recently had
ticvcrul Interviews with tho president
nnd Secretary Hoot express the opinion
unit mo reputille of Cillm will soou uc
u accomplished fact. ThOy also say
hat positive assurances were given re
garding the Intervention ot the United
States In Cuban affairs. Tho silence
maintained by both the members of the
administration and the Cubans regard
ing the Interviews has given tho opposl
on critics a ohiineo to circulate all
liuls of yellow stories, hut as usual they
will not look so well alongside the facts
when they arc all made public.
Ueeause otie verdict does not suit you
o not Jump to the conclusion that our
hole Jury system Is a delusion anil a
stiaro that ought to le wiped out of ex-
steuce at one fell swoop. The Jury sys
tem Is the foundation of Kugllsh ami
Vnierlcan Jurisprudence. The farcical
trial of Dreyfus by the French Judiciary
s too recent to be entirely forgotten as
n exahipie of what might be expected
with Juries abolished. Decause the
wheels occasionally get out of unlet Is
no proof that the mechanism has lust Its
usefulness.
Venesmcln has apologized for the ar-
est of a United States eonsiil and In
xtentiatlon pleads that It was a ease of
mistaken Identity. The tlihdako tin-
loubtedly consists In the fact that
eueztiela did not think Uncle Sam
would make so much fuss about It.
If Itnrrt Vi Her I'm.
New York Tribune.
Japanco banks aud Hussion milts aro
losing their doors, while vociferous cred
itors arc demanding scltlcmdnts. Mcan-
whllo Undo Sam stands ready tq lend
countless millions on proper securities.
.N'rcil Suunr on the Side.
Brooklyn Kaglc.
Tho Cubans do nbt lntcrtd to be In favor
of the old (lag until they aro sure of an
appropriation. When It comes to them In
the form ot reduced duties ou tobacco they
will fall over one 'another In their zeal to
adopt tho Piatt amendment.
Vnlur of Arliltrnllon.
Sail Francisco Call.
When Great Urltaln compares tho out
eomo ot ncr controversy wun venciuem
with tho gravity of tho situation in South
Africa she can hardly fall to percelvo that
arbitration Is not only much cheaper than
war, but Is moro satisfactory In every
other respect.
I'aaa the HcilnU, Plcaae.
Boston Globe.
Theso professors at the university of
Chicago must be extraordinary men. Trot.
Crook distinguished himself the other day,
and now Trot. Starr declares: "I do not
drink, smoko or kiss women, because I
bcllcvo the man who docs Injures his value
as a scientist." Such sclf-socrittclng dovo-
tlon to the cause of science deserves to be
rewarded with a leather medal.
American Supremacy Admitted.
nufTftlo Express.
The significance of floating a considerable
block of the new British loan In New
York la frankly recognized by the British
press. The Liverpool Post ragardB It as an
event of Immense financial and economic
significance and says: "The change of re
lationship Involved in tho United States
becoming; England's creditor will neces
sarily havo a very direct effect on trade."
Goad "Denl" far Farmer.
n Chicago Chronicle
Among tbo 'thousands who' view with
equanimity the'ipYogxess of King Phlltlpa
war, now raglpg. lu the Board pt Trade
building, our friend the farmer is con
spicuous, Naturally he would not be dis
turbed If corn went to '41 a bushel. Yet
It Is the farmer wlio In many legislatures
and In the national congress has sought
to 'extirpate speculation In grain, Tbo In
fluence ot tho. farmer la responsible tor
the present Illinois statute against
"deals" a statute drawn at such length
and with such legal caro that a coach
and four were driven through It on first
tallyho day.
Survival of the II one.,
Philadelphia Inquirer.
The horse, which has long been consigned
by pessimists to, the condition of the dodo,
still survives and Is worth more than ever.
All the new schemes of transportation,
from the locomotive to tho trolley car and
automobile,- have not appreciably affected
his status. Every' now business makes
mora business in all sorts of directions,
Thero U a constant adjustment and re
adjustment going on that follows naturat
laws. Labor-saving machinery, so called,
has greatly Increased the number of work
ers, who toll less arduously. Every valu
able contribution to our Industrial lite
works out for tbo good ot the whole In
the long- run, Tho horse will ever remain
the best servant ot man In spite, ot new
Inventions.
CH.WOBS IN SIX YKAnS,
The Di) of Cleveland and (he Daya
of McKlnley Contrasted.
Bultlmoro American.
During Mr. Cleveland's administration
this country wus thrown Into a financial
panic by reason ot the large oxports of
gold to England. The outflow was difficult
to check, bocause Great Britain was largely
our creditor and could draft as she pleased.
Our subserviency to London kept the bus!
ness situation disturbed, because there was
no remedy to adopt with the trade bal
anqce against us. Tbo absorption ot gold
was a source of great exultation to the
English and of mortification to ourselves,
because It was proof of England's com
plote mastery of the situation, So we wore
obliged to let our gold go and make the best
ot n. bad bargain.
At the present time thero is much talk
of another outflow of gold. But what a
wonderful difference there Is In the causes
which will start HI Tbero Is no longer
any trade balance In England's favor,
Thero Is 'no tonger any mastery of the
situation on England's part. The lion 1
now a suppliant at our door, begging for
r. loan. A large Installment of the British
war loan Is to bo placed In this country.
Tho child la being asked to lend money
to tho parent. Tho republic ts besought
to advance funds for tho. old monarchy.
Tho whilom creditor emplro Is binding her
self up In chains of obligation to her once
victimized debtor. Yes, the United States
la on the verge of sending some gf her
gold to England, but every dollar that
goes there will be to our advantage. It
Is rapidly transferring the scepter of
financial ascendancy from tho little fog
enveloped Isle to this side of thq Atlantic.
The more heavily England becomes our
debtor the more will sho be handicapped
In commercial competition, The more of
our money sho borrows the moro speedy
will bo the day when she will be forced
to bow and confess our supremacy,
There Is a wonderful contrast between
the days of Cleveland and the days of
McKlnlcy, There Is an nmazlng difference
between a nation prostrato and a cation
progressive, Thero Is a striking variance
between gold exports, with disturbance as
a consequenco, and goin exports witn re
tolclng as Its result. Such were (.lie days
of six years ago compared, with those of
tho present time. England has far more
reason to weep at the arrival of the gold
wo seed than we have to' weep over Us de
parture, '
Property on the Farm
8t Louis Globe-Democrat
When the farmer reads
that the value
of tho share capital of thirty-four leading
American railway companies has Increased
over J6:o,00O,00O within the last six months,
nci-onllnc to the slock exchange quotations,
ho may ask why farm property shows no
such enhancement. The same question Is
suggested when the aggregate exports from
tho United States for nine months of the
present fiscal year arc reported to bo Jl.-
HO, 170,728, or $85,000,000 Increase over labl
year, with a favorable annual trade balance
exceeding $500,000,000. Farming In so vast
an Interest that Its current condition can
not be expressed In figures. It Is not eapl-
allzcd in stock and bonds and Its values
aro not ouotablo from day to day. Hut
any Intelligent farmer can make n com
parison of tho general state of his In-
lustry with what It was six or eight years
ago and will then reallzo the Immcnso
gain that has occurred. In fact, the nc-
tlvlty among the railways and the rapid
growth of foreign exports largely rest on
farm production.
It Is stated by tho chief statistician ot tho
agricultural section of tho twelfth census
that tho net nddltlons to farm resources
In the ten years between 1SH0 and 1000
cxttcd tho value of all farm Investments
In 1850. Ah the writer referred to puts the
case: "The Increased wealth of our farm
ers, as tho result of their last ten years'
labor, equals the farm wealth of tho na
tion reported as tho outeomo of their toll
and economics from the settlement at
Jamestown to tho middle of the nineteenth
century." Advances on the stock exchange
fado Into a small affair beside a colossal
M.W KAIMtOAII SITUATION.
Couiifr)- la Piirorlcil Out on tlir "Ciini-
inuiilt -of-lnti-roKt PI mi.
riilladclphla Press.
A rising market, Increasing railroad earn
ings and enlarging traffic have left the
public and stockholders at caso over the
gravo changes which have taken plnce In
railroad ownership during the boom period
now at Its height.
New England Is practically reduced to
two lines. In tho middle states the New
York Central and tho Pennsylvania havo
extended their Influence and added to their
responsibilities until they now divide this
field. Tho anthracite railroads are us good
as pooled. In the futuro they will rise and
fall together. The Wabash has acquired
and extended Its lines. The Northern Pa
cific and Great Northern are not only
united, but havo acquired the Chicago, Bur
lington & Qulncy. Tho Union Pacific and
tho Missouri Pacific aro each midway In
great acquisitions. Tho Uulou Pacific has.
acquired tho Southern Pacific nnd tins wider
Plans. Tho Mlsourl Pacific has come into
close relations with the Denver & Rio
Grande and the Denver & Rio Grande West
ern. The Illinois Central and Chicago ft
Alton aro Included In tho lines controlled
by tho Ilarrlman Interests, which extend
also over the Union Pacific nnd as far south
as Port Arthur, In Texas. The Southern
railway is a still earlier consolidation
which holds the great center of the south.
These changes havo united to prosperous,
solvent roads the lines which from 1893 to
1897 wcro plunged tn foreclosures, receiver
ships and bankruptcy. They fell alono
then. When the noxt ebb comes they will
test the solvency of great systems which
before weathered the storm. The increase
ot capitalization In many of these Instances
ts not large. In some, as In the Chicago,
Burlington & Qulncy, tho stock la doubled,
being taken at 200, but In most cases thero
has only been conversion. The old stock
has been bought up and new stock or bonds
has been Issued for it. Capitalization has
In general: been altered little.
But what has taken place Is. that
the
I
burden of sustaining unprofitable lines In
seasons of reduced traffic has been shifted
to the shoulders ot profitable lines. No
line suspended interest payment from 1893
to 1897 which did not bold a route phys
ically unprofitable or under a special stress
of competition. The physical disadvantages
ot the Baltimore & Ohio remain as great as
ever. The Southern Pacific continues to
cross a desert. The Northern Pacific is
not under less but moro competition. The
heavy grades and relatively sparse popu
lation ot tho plateau about the Appalachians
which the Southern railway occupies, and
which wrecked Its constituent parts when
separate, still exists to tax the system.
The great consolidations from 1880 to 1S83
looked solid until 1884-7 strained them.
The extensions end mergers from 1888 to
1892 went to pieces from 1893 to 1897. Tho
wealth and population of the country has
grown since 1890, but only locally. West
ot the 100th meridian, that Is, west of cen
tral Kansas and Texas, there has been but
little Increase of population. In the states
cast ot tha Mississippi tho growth ot popu
lation Is In the cities and thickly settled
regions feeding prosperous railroad lines.
The regions fed by less successful lines
have gained In population,, but In less ratio
than the moro populous regions.
The result of all this Is that when the
next great strain on railroad credits comes
It will be felt by great systems which have
as their center our strongest lines. This
will make all rounder and safer for the
country, but It will lay n heavy burden on
tho stock and profits of the solvent lines.
MIGHTY Gil A I! I'on OH,.
Tcntr.cli'a of the Sluiulnril Knclrullnu
California and Texna Wella.
Chicago Post.
Recent petroleum oil discoveries In Cali
fornia and Texas have aroused general In
terest In the oil Industry and In certain sec
tions have created n whirlwind of excite
ment and speculation, There Is curiosity
concerning tho effect tho newest discoveries
will have on the Standard Oil company aud
Its methods of operation. That company, It
Is admitted, has brought tho method of pro
duction, refining and distribution to a de
gree ot efficiency which could never have
been attained under the methods which ob
tained prior tu the creation ot the combina
tion. In view of the general Interest awakened
tn the Industry by the Texas discoveries
tho apparnnce of a rpport prepared by Ed
ward W. Parker of the geological survey for
the census bureau will be regarded as op
pnrtuno. This report shows that tho pro
duction of the various establishments on
gaged In refining petroleum has Increased
1.1.8 per cent In the last decade. There has
been a decrease In the number of refineries,
but an Increase of 7 per cant In the number
of wage-earners employed and of 14.4' per
cent In the amount of wages paid. The
capital actually Invested and representing
tho actual value of tho lands, buildings,
machinery, tools and capital required to
carry on the business, without reference to
tho actual capital stock of the companies,
was $95,327,892. Tho value of products from
the use of this capital was $123,0:9,384, to
produco which Involved an outlay of $6,717,-
087 for wages, $102,850,341 or raw material
and $3,330,851 for miscellaneous expenses.
During the year 1899 there were produced
42.234,064 barrels of refined petroleum, and
of this amount 16,660,809 barrels, or nenrly
40 per cent, were exported to .foreign coun
tries. Tho decrease In the number of re
fining establishments was due to the eon-
rnlldatlon of Independent concerns under
ona management and tho weeding out of a
number of comparatively small concerns,
which It was considered more economical
to abandon than to keep running. The ques
tlon now arises: Will the trust be uble to
gobble up tho new oil wells or Is It about
to lose the monopoly which It has pos
sc3sc4 for years?
Increment like
thut,
tn the United
least 5,700,000
States
farms,
today thole
are nt
or about onu to every thirteen Inhabitants.
In 1S50 the numbor was 1,149,073. In ten
years the' number has Increased l.loO.OOO
and In the same time farm wealth has ex
panded by not less than $6,500,000,000. In
the twelve adjacent states of Mlsourl,
tin..,.!., rtt.1. , ........... 1
iiiiuuin, wiuti. limimiu. ill- 'imiiii, ijm;uii- i
i ... v,. -,i.n. -,
Dakota, Nebraska and Kansas the number
1.92:1,882 to C,.'20,000. These states added
$2,500,000,000 to their farm wealth between
160 and 1830 slid a still larger cum In the
lnt tru years.
The government Is not ttumlndful of ttie
Nasi Import of agriculture. Congress has
endowed agricultural colleges in every state
and territory. These Institutions repre
sent a value of $.)3,000,000 and their Income
ts $6,000,000. Their students Inst, year num
bered 31,6,'S. The annual national appro
priation for experiment stations Is $7S!,
000. When American farmers note what
Is going on In lulenslve farming, Irriga
tion, cattle raising. Improvement and pres
ervation of products, management of soils,
betterment of facilities to reach markets
and new uses for waste products they will
see that their Industry Is truly the most
expansive, as veil na the greatest. Though
tho population of the country should con
tinue to double Inside of forty years thero
can be no doubt that the farmers of this
country, the most scientific nnd effective
In tho world, will meet nil demands and
be the main relinnce for foreign nations
when their own production runs short.
.STICK IMS TO IT.
.11 rn. Mli-nivlirr' Imtnnrlnl Ilrvollon
Clrnrlv OiiIi'Immki-iI.
New York World (dem.)
Mrs. Mlcawbcr's devotion to tho Im
mortal Wllklns "the husband ot my bosom,
the father of my twins," us sha described
him was not greater than Mr. Brynn's du
votlon to the "principles" of tho Chicago
and Kansas City platforms. He describes
them as "fundamental" nnd "appllcablo to
all questions," nnd says; "I stilt bellevo
In those principles, nnd expect to advocate
them during the remainder of my life."
Incidentally It may be remarked that ono
of these "principles" namely, Mr. Bryan's
prime favorite, frco coinage at 16 to 1 Is
not "fundamentally democratic," Inasmuch
ns It never had a place In nny national
democratic platform before 1896, was never
supported by any democratic president, nor
ndvocatcd by any democratic presidential
candidate before Mr. Bryan.
However, the main point In Mr. Bryan's
article s his statement that he is "not
planning for another presidential nomi
nation," and that If he ever shall become a
candidate again "It will bo because It seems
necessary for the advancement of tho prin
ciples to which I adhere, nnd that does
not now seem probable." It docs not.
One tremendous licking and one fatuous
suicide aro certainly enough for tho demo
cratic party to endure for theso "prin
ciples" and this leadership.
I'UnSONAI- .NOTES.
The will of the lato George L. Thorn
dike ot Boston leaves $200,000 for a free
hospital In that city and $10,000, the Inter
est from which Is to go for coal among the
poor.
Tho William L. Wilson memorial fund
of Washington nnd Lee university has been
Increased by a gift of $500 from David R.
Francis of St. Louis. The fund now amounts
to moro tfian $29,000.
Among the features of President McKln
ley's trlpaln California will be the prei
sentatlon at San Jose of a bouquet weighing"
about two tons. It will be 100 feet In
circumference and all the flowers will be
contributed.
Coquelin Is responsible for a story to
the effect that just before Bernhardt last
left Europe Rostand read to her bis latest
tragedy and tbo actress, bursting Into
tears over tho story, was confined to her
bed for several days.
Henry O. Schermerhorn, nn aged bachelor
resident of Grand Rapids, Mich , recently
deceased, surprised all his relatives and
his friends by bequeathing tho bulk of his
fortune of $35,000 or so to the Children's
homo In Grand Rapids.
Holland has her Carrie Nation In the per
son of Mrs. Wa8zklowlcz Schlefgaarde, who
makes perpetual, but utterly vain, war on
tho Dutch rum demon. Sho has anuounced
her Intention to visit England, where she
means to start a crusade.
Kentucky cavaliers do not take kindly to
masculine shirt waists. Ono Johnson ap
peared at n railroad station in the blue
grass state, with bts bosom encased In a
red confection, which a byatandcr promptly
perforated. There Is one Johnson and one
shirt waist less In Kentucky,
A farmer's wife, writing to the Ameri
can Agriculturist, says that It has been her
good fortune to take summer boarders for
tho last seventeen years nnd she sums up
her oxperlonces thus: "I have bad boardors
of all ages, from the baby with Its nurse
to the aged grandmother, but my favorites
arc maiden women nnd school teachers.
They aro most always contented."
In Saco, Mi., all placaa of business,
excepting drug stores, arc now ordered to
be closed on Sunday. In Sioux City, la.,
the clergy have decided to give religious
addresses In Riverside park "to counteract
the evils of Sunday park-going." A pro
vincial Sunday rnst convention Is to be
held In Winnipeg, Manitoba, Tho Arkansas
legislature bag Indefinitely postponed a bill
to make Sunday fishing a misdemeanor.
Summer Flannels
and Serges
For business and outing wonr our serge and llannel
suits are ver.y popular light as a feather and so com
fortable. The ilannels are especially attractive in ef
fects of light and dark blues antl grays with modest
stripes. It is false economy to pay less than $10.00.
It is a better bargain to pay a little more.
No clothing fits like ours.
All sorts of Summer Shirts, Underwear, Neckwear,
Uosiery nnd Kelts.
Browning, King & Co.
Exclusive Clothiers and Furnishers.
R. S. Wilcox, Manager.
j unK.vum i:.m:iuiv ok ami:imca.j.
I llrltlili Mnmifnctiirrr I P ARfllnat li
1 Ural TlilllK n,
. Louisville Courier-Journal.
I Tho specter of American competition to
I the British manufacturer Is moro threaten
ing to the "right little tight little Island"
than nil the hostile demonstrations of ion
! tlnrntnl nations. Secure In her Isolation
j Great Britain has never feared Invasion
since Xelfon scattered the great fleet which
' Napoleon had brought together at such a
( cost for his Invasion. The South African
1 . . . - I.-..- 1. . . ... 1. 1 . I 1 . 1 1 -1 1 .
"iir limy limn iiuiiiimi-ii mr mnuii ovimr-
..... . . . ... ...
ani. nut nas in nowise quenoncd nis mm-
tary determination.
When U comes to matters ot trade, how-
t'viT, uiai in ii uiuerrni iiiiiik m-caimc mu
iitrugglo must be with another Anglo-Saxon
nation, ix nation with greater resources and
equal commercial acumen, backed by
greater mechanical skill. Brltlfh manu
facturers have for years conceded that
American steel plants were much superior
to anything they had, and now they aro
inclined to believe tho snme Is true In
various other lines. They have been dis
posed to put the blame on thrlr labor
unions, which restrict tho production of
their lniIIVIdu.il members, nnd thero Is
probably much truth In this, Some very re
markable storied are told of tho determina
tion of tho llrltlxh workman tft do no moro
than ii certain amount of work under any
circumstances, the unions alwas taking
care that no man shall bo taxed tu his full
capacity.. But thero Is something moro bark
of all this to Justify their dread of Atnerl
inn manufacturers nnd American working
men. Mi. Charles J. Jlarrah, president of
tlie Mldvale Steel works, told what this was
In his recent examination before tho In
dustrial commission. Said he:
"The reason why wo enn manufacture
moro cheaply here than In Europe Is not
duo to superiority of our tools, nor to our
brain power or anything of that sort; It is
only to ojo reason, nnd that Is the greater
energy of the American over the European.
It Is tint energy which enables them to
do what they cannot do abroad. If you will
visit tho Etecl plants on tho continent nnd
In England you will nt once seo the dif
ference between tho methods in forcn thero
nnd In this country. It Is simply n ques
tion of greater energy In tho United States
than In Europe. I do not think that they
have ever had to work ns hard as wo have,
They take life easy over there; tho oftlco
hours nre shorter and the men nro nl lowed
more time to do tlilnin. When you see u
mnn trundling wheelbarrow ho takes bts
time: hero, wi load tho article on a truck,
and havo an cngluo pull It nnd pull it quick,
nnd if the cnglneor docs not cover tho
ground ho would have to explain why.
There tho men nre allowed their time.
They havo altogether a much easier life.
I do not know that they nre any happier
than wo are, but In securing results we aro
bound to prove superior to them. I do
not think wo have nny great advantages
In raw material or fuel, because tho price
of fuel is not fixed by the geographical lo
cation of coal mines, but Is fixed by railroad
companion, nnd it Is tho same with ore."
It Is the mnn behind the machine ns well
as the mnn behind the gun, nnd not tho ma
chine or gun alone.
MMIMNC. LINKS.
Washington Stnr: "Sometimes," said
Uncle Eben. "peoplo talks about beln' a
bird In a gilded cage when dc troof Is ilat
dey Is too Indolent to flop delr wings an
do a little flyln' when dry gits do chance."
Philadelphia Times: "How are things?"
the bnrber usked pleasantly of the shrink
ing mun lu the chair.
"Dull-very dull!"
And tho knight of the razor lobked for a
moment as If ho' thought tho remark wcro
personal.
Detroit Krco Prens: "The Porto Weans
need money." read Mrs. Bolllngham, In
the newspaper.
"How rant those Islanders nre becoming;
Americanized," waa Bclllngham's com
ment. ...
Chicago Trlbuno: "I nin sorry John
Isn't nt homo tonight to meet you, Mrs.
Chumbley. but he told me ho had to attend
U stag party at the olub this evening.''
"What Is a stag party, Mrs, Kreshlolgh7"
"Oh. I Imagine It's a game supper, or
something of the kind, where they cat
venison and things like that."
Somcrvllle Journal; How much easier It
Is to bo patient with your own mistakes
than It Is with the mistakes of others.
Philadelphia Press: "Hello, old mnn,
you're looking fine ns silk."
"Yes, I'm prosperous. I'm In tlii lrnther
buxlne&s now, you know. I tell you there's
nothing like leather."
"Think so? Say, come up nnd take dinner
with us tonight. My wife's baked some
pies for dessert."
Plttsbun? Chronicle: "Tho grnvedlg
gers of Philadelphia ale on a strike," re
marked tho Observant Boarder,
"When It Is settled I suppose they will
bury their grievances," added tho Cross
Eyed Hoarder.
Chicago Poet: "You're working over
that telegram pretty bard. Is It too long?"
"Oh, dear, no," replied the sweet young
thing. "It's only nine words, and I'm
trying to work In another', word without
changing the meaning,"
Ohio State Journal: "That's a nice thing
yov say about my business In your paper
this week!"
"What's a nice thing?" nsked the coun
try editor,
"Read It and nee."
The editor read: " 'If you want to have
a lit wear Kip's shoes,' Stop the press!"
TIIK IIACKY.VHU KAMKH.
Somcrvllle Journal.
The man who has a garden plot
Is very energetic now.
He barely atops Ills toll to wlpo
Tim perspiration from his brow.
He digs, and rakes, and ttpadcx, nnd hoai,
Forever thinking of the crop.
And every night the sun linn set
Before, reluctantly, ho stops,
Such tierce enthuslahm Is,
Of course, by far too tierce to last.
His energy will Hndly wano
Before the month of May Is past.
In June quite languidly he'll work,
In July he will work ntlll less;
And when the happy hnrvest comes.
His crop will bo all weeds, I guess.
Ok
i