February 17, 1U01.
rpiiw ir.r.ira'PPA'i'wn nww
Carpenter Interviews
New Zealand's Premier
(Copyright, 1W1, by Frank O. Carpenter.)
WELLINGTON. New Zealand, Jan. 2.
(Special Correspondence of Tlio Ilee.)
I have had an Interview with Hon. Richard
Seddon, the premier of Now Zealand. Tho
premier In the great governments of Europo
ranks somewhat as our secretary of state.
The premier of New Zealand Is the head of
the government; this menus he Is tho head
of everything. Think of a country whore,
tho railroads, the telegraphs, the tele
phones, the savings banks, the chief life
Insurance companies and a score of other
things are run by the state. Let there bo
Inrgo car shops and machine shops filled
with government employes. Lot tho gov
ernment have stock In tho biggest banks;
let It put Its lingers Into tho management
of tho farms, the factories nnd tho mines,
and do a dozen other such things that no
other government has ever attempted and
you havo some Idea of this Institution In
New Zealand.
Tho head of this government Is Hon.
Richard Seddon. Ho Is more Its president
than McKlnlcy Is tho president of tho
United States. Ho Is tho leader of tho
houso and ho almost controls parliament.
Ho can to a certain extent make hl3 own
laws nnd ho Is pushing forward now
schomcs of all kinds without regard to pre
cedent or history. It Is ho who for years
has been at the head of tho socialistic
movements In Now Zealand. Ho Is tho man
behind tho now laws which rolato to labor
and capital and at tho head of tho party
which Is now cutting up tho largo, unpro
ductive land holdings of tho rich and divid
ing them at tho lowest possible rates of
ownership requirement among tho poor.
I'on I'leliire of I'rem lee Seildmi,
Now Zealand prides Itself on being the
worklngmon's country, nnd Richard Seddon
prides himself on being its representative.
Ho is a man of tho people. He was born in
England, tho son of a Lancashire farmer.
Ho learned the trade of an engineer, and
when as a boy, nbout fifty-six years ago, he
first came to Australia, he worked In the
rnllrond shops. Later on ho went to tho
gold fields nt Ilendlgo, and thcro dug In the
mines with his own hands. His friends
sometimes call him "Digger Dick," though
all traces of tho roughness of his mining
life have long since passed away. Mr.
Seddon worked In tho Australian mines for
three years, nnd then ennio to New Zealand
to try his luck on tho gold fields of the
colonies came up, and I nsked Mr. Seddon
whether hu thought that such movements
would not eventually dissolve the British
empire.
Ho replied; "I think not. I believe thnt
your victories, I venture, almost as much
ns your own pcoplo did. Wo were also a
llttlo hurt at your friendship with tho
Doers, but wo nttrlbuto tho action of your
government largely to tho necessities of
politics rather than to any ill fooling to
ward England.
A 1 1 1 Ion tit Trade In t ercNtx.
"As an evidence of tho friendship of New
Zealand townrd tho United State, tnko the
mnttcr of irado between the two countries,"
the premier continued. "We are buying more
and more of your goods every yenr. We
tho empire will grow stronger. I look, In havo doubled our Imports within tho last
tact, tor union rather than dissolution. I
bellovo that wo will eventually havo n fed
eration of all English-speaking peoples.
Tho tlmo will como when Croat Drltaln nnd
her colonics and tho Americans nnd their
colonics will bo united In nlmost every
three years and our American purchases
now amount to 750,000 annually. 1
think they will soon bo $5,000,000 per annum
nnd thnt thcro is a possibility of a con
siderable increnso over that.
"Our government here Is buying railroad
! ' Mfll hiI MB
fllllllB???ir "
Import on tho average about $60 worth of
goods per head, or $300 worth per family.
We buy more than $10,000,000 worth of
goods per year from outsiders and we buy
Just tho things you sell. No, I don't think
you work tho trade half as well as you
might.
"And then 1 think you might grant us
some favors It. the way of trade." 1'remler
Seddon went on. "New Zealand and tho
United States could make reciprocity
treaties which would be to tho benefit of
each and to tho Injury of neither. As It Is
by your tariff nnd Intercoastal trade you
nro shutting us out of Hawaii. You aro
keeping ono of tho chief New Zealand
steamship lines out of that market. You
ought to make nn excoptlou In this enso
nnd we could grnnt you favors In return.
Wo havo certain kinds of wool which you
cannot raise and which you might admit
at n lower rate of duty. On the other hand,
wo could mnko reductions ns to tariff on
rcrtnln of your nmnufnetures which wo have
to Import."
"Our now possessions In tho Pacific bring
us much closer to New Zenlnnd, your ex
cellency." "Yes, they do." snld the great New Zen
land bosB. "Your now colonies mnko tho
United Stntes our next door neighbor. It
Is only n live days' trip from here to Tu
tulla and with tho new steamers which tho
Spreckels lino has added wo nro only ten
days from Hawaii and not much more thnn
two weeks from San Francisco. Australia
and tho Philippines havo direct steamboat
connections, and. In fact, wo nre fast bo
coming one grent Pacific family.
Premier Intervlcun MeKliiliT.
"As to Hawaii," said tho premier of Now
Zenlnnd, "I was rather glnd that tho
Americans got possession of It. although my
first Idea was thnt it should be under tho
dual control of England and the United
(Continued on Eighth Page '
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Hratiquiirter for
SIIKINI1S. STATUARY,
MISSION CR()55US,l!tc
X "HAVE ROOT PRINT IT"
iHrinter f
I
DOOK BINDER
LANK BOOK
MANUFACTURER
OMAHA
PARLIAMENT BUILDINGS, WELLINGTON. NEW ZEALAND.
M'v9
Hk
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"!h49I
K -3HV
ICHARD SEDDON, PREMIER OP NEW
Y HIM TO MR. CARPENTER.
est const. It was thero ho first engnged
in politics. Ho was elected mayor of his
town, and moro than twenty years ago was
sent to tho New Zealand parliament. Ho
has been in parliament from then until now.
Ho Is tho father of tho house, as well as Its
leader.
It was In the parliament houso that I met
, r. . i i . . i . . a t . i
IIUIUI ULVIUUUi A ilUU iUllVIO W I lllllUUUl-
n irom wasningion nnu camo inero 10
sunt them. I found tho premier In tils
Ho was seated at tho end of a long
piled with papers and documents. I
presented to him by his prlvato secre-
and ho made mo at homo,
description of him will bo bettered by
photograph which ho gave mo during
tay. It represents tho premier In his
rm as ono ot ino niguesi omcers ot
Inonnln nrrlnr nf NTmtf 7nnlnml ntwl If
t - M r t rr 111nnnaa nf film nu tin to Indno
lit,,.,) ...i-.il.u u. ,a uu to luuhji
ddon is ono of tho biggest of the
men of our time. Ho is tall, brona
rcd and well formed. Ho has a big
a big head and a strong neck. Ho
firmly upon his feet and ho Is as
nt as our own I'resiueni Aicmnioy.
ias a fair complexion, light brown hair
d beard and eyes of cerulean bluo. His
features ore a sort of a cross between those
of James A. Garfield and nenjamin Harri
son, leaning strongly toward Garfield. Ho
has moro of Garfield than Harrison In his
makeup. Tho blood in his veins is warm
and his nerves are alive with personal mag
netism. His big head teems with ldeos nnd
his tonguo has ball bearings In tho expres
sion of them.
Federated AiiMt riilimln.
The subject of tho federation ot New Zea
land and Its iilands and of the Australian
movement. Our Interests aro the same.
Wo havo tho same langungc and tho same
Ideas as to God, mnn nnd the universe.
Wo aro of tho stitno race, ami blood Is
thicker than water."
"What will this union be?" I nsked.
"It will bo n union upon brond lines.
Each government will mnnago Its own local
alfnlrs, but wo will nil work together as
to matters humanttnrlan nnd commercial.
"Today tho relntlons of New Zealand
with Great Ilrltaln nro to a large extent
sontlmentnl ones," tho premier went on.
"Wo havo n governor appointed by tho
Hii eon, but his ofllco Is ns a soclnl nnd pa
triotic connecting link rather than of an
exccutivo or legislative nature. Tho gov
ernor has tho power of life nnd death as to
criminals condemned to capltnl punishment.
He enn pardon In such cases if ho chooses.
Ho has also a say In matters which con
cern Great Drltaln and tho colonics, but in
most things he can only fllo objections nnd
refer matters to the premlor for settle
ment. "Tho New Zealnndor looks upon tho gov
ernor largely as the guest of the colony.
Wo Invito li 1 in hero ns the roprcsontntlvii
of tho queen, nnd ns such pay him n salary.
This salary Is now nbout $25,000 n yenr
I mil In favor of Increasing It to $35,000,
as at present It Is not lnrgo enough to
moro than pay the governor's expenses In
tho way of social entertainment. Our Inst
threo governors hnvo resigned and gono
back homo complaining that their Incomes
wero too small for tho position. It will
probably bo Increased."
"Now Zenlnnd showed Its love for tho
mother country In the Doer war?" said I.
"Yes," replied tho premier. "Wo sent
them men, money nnd supplies. Somo of
our best boys crossed the ocean to fight
tho noors, my son among tho numbor. Wo
nlso offered to send troops to Chinn, and
wo nro always rendy to fight for old Eng
lnnd whenovcr she needs us. Every ono
hero talks about England ns home. This
Is so not only of those who arc born thero,
but of their sons and grandsons born In
Now Zcnland."
.New V vii lii il anil (lit Dulled SlnleN.
"How do New Zealnnders feel toward us,
your excellency?" I asked.
"Tho Now Zealandcrs nro very friendly
to tho Americans, Sometimes I think wo
aro moro friendly to you than you aro to
us. I have been In tho United States bov
eral times, nnd I (1ml considerable antl
Engllsh sentiment there. This Is natural
because of your large Immigration from
other pnrts of Europe, somo of which Is
Inimical to the English. You aro, however,
an English pcoplo, and tho predominant
olements among you will always bo for
England.
"What I don't like," continued Premier
Seddoh, "Is thnt somo of your school books
seem to encourage n hatred of England.
You speak dorogatorlly of us In your school
histories and rather encourage your chil
dren In n belligerent feeling. I know thnt
England treated you badly in your colonial
days, and I don't wonder that you broko
nway from her. Had I been an Amorlcan
colonist I should probably have been ono
of tho rebels, but England hns long slnco
ncknowledged that her actions In rcspoct
to you woro n mistake Sho has roponted,
as It wero, In sackcloth and ashes, and I
think tho matter should bo dealt with In
something of nn explnnntory wny In tho
school books, You should sow the seeds of
brotherhood In tho souls of your children,
rather than those of enmity. As It Is, our
people, young and old, look upon tho Yan
kees as brothers. I think wo nre, perhaps,
moro friendly than the peoplo of England.
Our children know your patriotic songs, nnd
upon holidays thero aro many American
flags displayed. We felt a deop Interest tn
your war with Spain, and we rejoiced ovar
engines, cars nnd rails or American tlrms.
I lately gavo an order for 1,000 ears and a
number of American engines. 1 gave Eng
land tho first chance at the order, but I
found that I could not havo It 11 lied as
(Hi I: lily as In America, and therefore went to
you. Your peoplo are more ndaptable to
conditions, nnd you will change matters
tn hu it the trade. 1 found the English
shops full of work. Tho managers told mo
they had enough orders to keep them busy
for threo years. I asked them why they
did not put up new works nnd tnko now
orders, Bnylng It would pay them to In
croaBO their plant. Thoy shrugged their
shoulders anil said they did not care to
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0
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Something new In facial mnssago, giving
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HIOUX CITV, IOWA.
LIEUTENANT SEDDON, THE PREMIER'S
SON, IN HIS SOUTH AFRICAN UNI
FORM.
do so. I urged the matter, saying that I
could not wait throe years for my engines,
and, that wbllo tho English engines might
be bettor than tho American ones, It would
pay us better to take their engines oven
though they lasted only half ns long. Tho '
reply was that they could do nothing. The ,
result was I sent tho order to tho Baldwins, i
who told mo I could have what I wanted '
within threo months, nnd tho result wns
that I gnvo them tho Job, This Is ono of tho '
great mistakes thnt tho English mnnu- '
fneturers nro making. They do not renllzo
thnt thoy can't afford to nllow their
customers to go elsewhere to trade. They
do not seem to know that If they lose thorn 1
onco thoy may never como back.
"Thoy act tho same In nil branches of
manufacture, nnd It Is to my mind n vnrv
serious matter In tho futuro of England's
Industrlnl condition."
More Yiuikee DriiiniiieiH Needed,
"Toll mo, Mr. Seddon," said I, "how wo
can lncreaso our trado with Now Zealand?"
"I think you aro doing very well ns It Is,"
snld tho premier. "Hut you can do bettor
If you will send nut moro commercial trav
elers to study tli Is mnrkot nnd Introduce
your goods. Wo prefer to buy, If wo can,
of our homo factories, but wo aro always
ready for a good thing and a now thing, and
you havo mnny such. Your peoplo havo no
Idea of tho valuo ot tho Australasian mar
ket. You look upon our population nB
small; It Is small In comparison with that
of somo of tho Asiatic countries, and you
waste your time in talking about China and
South America. You do not seem to realize
that this Is ono of tho chief-spending popu
lations of tho globe. Our people dross well
and they will have luxuries. Our laboring
classes live as well, If not better, than
those of any other country. We annually
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