'PTTU T T I T Tornn a mnt t-
.Inminry 0, 1001.
Men Who Shine in
Lobby of Congress
Washington has not In a generation been
overrun bo with poisons Interested In push
lug or preventing legislation as now, ro
ports tho Now York Ilctuld. This is the
Bhort scsfclon of tongrods preceding tho bo
ginning of President McKlnley's .second
term. All of tho plans that havo been laid
for great schotr.ej In connection with the
expansion of tho American nation fol. owing
tho war with Spain aio beginning to sprout.
It Is no new thing to see promotora
of legislation coming hero by tho carload,
but It Is a now thing to see them coming
literally by tho trulnload. A tralnload of
browers arrived here during tho first week
in Decorator. At tho same time a dozen
tralnloads of members of tho Woman's
Christian Temperunce union arrived. Tho
brewers camo to havo tho war tax tukon off
beer. They constituted what is known as
tho be or lobby. Tho ladles of tho
Woman's Christian Temperance union camo
to keop tho tux on beer and abolish tho
army caulocn. Thoy wcro known as tho
nntl-Jobby.
A tralnload of bankers camo on Decora
bor 8, beaded by A. II. Hepburn of New
York, Myron T. Ilcrrlck of Cloveland and
J. II. Eckels of Chicago. Thoy desired tho
tax on bunkors and brokors remitted. Men
representing steumshlp lines aro hero In
BUOlclont force to maka high-priced suites
In tho hotels hard to obtain.
Representatives of tbo oleomargarine
manufacturers of tho west, all of thorn look
ing fat, slock and oily, aro holding forth
In tbo corridorB of tho hotels and besieg
ing tho room of tho agrlculturo comnilttco
of tho scnato. Hearty looking citizens with
wcatberLoateu faces and a heavy tread In
dicating cowhide boots at homo aro watch
ing those samo oily gentlemen. Thoy of
tho woathorboaton foaturcs aro tho repre
sentatives of tho National Dairymen's as
sociation, and might bo known as tho antl
olcomargarluo lobby.
Tbcso aro a few of tho Interests repre
sented here. Clustering around the one
subject of an lntcroccaulc canal on which
tho government will spond $200,000,000 aro
ablo and versatile agents of a half dozen
dlfforont "vested rights," Some of them
leprcsent tho l'acitlo railroads, others are
looking after tho Maritime Canal company
that onco had a concession from Nicara
gua; still others, If thoy wore to divulge
tholr paymasters, would be found repre
senting tbo l'uuamu Canal company. There
aro agonts of tho French government and
the Hussion government on hand and In
terests aro so Interwoven that frequently
three or four of theso different lullucnces
aro found working toward one end. These,
collectively speaking, muko up the anti
canal lobby.
Tboro Is an army and navy lobby, and
that, llko tho poor, "Is always with us."
Tho secretary. of war wants one bill, tho
general commanding tho army wiuub an
other; tho lino pulls In one direction, tho
staff In another. Makers of patent guns and
patent shollB, manufacturers of armor
plate, and builders of battleships, promo
ters of private claims, seekers for Inerensos
In salary, commercial bodlcB that want
their homo crook deepened and delegations
from Interior towns that do in a nil n now
postofllco all of theso elements contrive
to inako tho short congressional session a
continual round of dodging and yielding to
tho lobby.
.v KIiik of the l.ulilt)-.
There havo boon changes since tho old
days when tho famous Samuel Ward and
Dr. It. Uruco Ilrndford wcro tho acknowl
edged leaders In promoting legislation. If
any ono can bo culled "the King of tho
Lobby" now It Is probably Colonel v. 12.
Ayros. Colonol Ayrcs has boon ono of tho
moat successful members of the "Third
IIouso." Ills llfo la a romance.
Whon ho came to Washington, In tho
neighborhood of twonty years ago, ho wns
in desperate straits financially. Ho him
self tolls tho story how, not having street
car faro In his pockot, ho walked miles to
tho Washington and Georgetown car stables
In order to apply tor a position as con
ductor. Ho Is now very rich.
Colonol Ayres for years has ropro
scntod tho Union Pacific railroad In con
gress. Ho was long known as a personal
friend of Charles Francis Adams. Whon he
becamo versed In all tho Ins and outs of
legislation ho succeeded to the task of
piloting tho famous McQarrnghan claim.
Sam Wnrd had It boforo Ayrcs. It had
boon dragging its slow length along In
congreBB for many years. A day, a few
years ago, tho whole capital was convulsed
with ostonlshment. Tho Mcdarraglmn
claim had passed, but was vetoed by tho
president.
A well known representative of corpora
tions Is John Boyd. Mr. Boyd is a medium
sized man, dresses much llko a parson, with
vory bright oyes set In a very small bend.
Tho slzo of hat Mr. lloyd wears Is no Index
to his abilities. Mr. lloyd In the d:iys of
reconstruction hold a small position in tho
houso of representatives. Ho attracted tho
attention of tho lata Charles Torrlll, who,
until his death, represented the lato Collls
I. Huntington. When Mr. Torrlll died Mr.
lloyd succeeded him, and he Is now the
Bontlnol on guard for the Finithern Tactile
nnd Central Pacific railroads.
Tho Southern Paclllc road has for many
years succeeded In obstructing tho Nica
ragua canal. Mr. Huntington was tho In
splratlon of tho operation, but Mr. lloyd
was tho genius that made It effective. Mr
Doyd emphatically denies that tho Southern
Pacific road Is objecting to tho Nicaragua
canal now. All tho samo tbo Nicaragua
canal Is In trouble, even It Mr. Doyd doesn't
know why.
Colonel Tom Ochlltrco will bo horo with
his funny stories In a short time. No ses
sion of congress would bo completo without
the Texas colonel. A personal friend of
John W. Mackay, known of all men for his
genial wit, ho knows everything that Is
going on, and is particularly versed in the
desires of cablo companies. Another colonel
Is Samuel Donclson, a former confederato
olllcer. This colonol Is as well known In
Now York as ho Is In Washington, and bo
Is usually on tho lookout for tbo welfare
of tho LouIbvIIIo & Nashvlllo railroad.
All of tho largo shipbuilding Arms that do
work for tho government havo their repre
sentatives hero. Thoy must bo men of
ability and address. Tho best known Is
aoncral George II. Williams, who Is now in
Turkey, looking after tho famous contract
with tho sultan, through which tho Ameri
can missionary claim Is to bo paid. Gen
eral Williams looks after tho work for
the Cramp brothers.
The Ciiiitueu Content.
Old-time lobbyists opened tholr oyes a few
days ago In astonishment whon thoy heard
that tho house of representatives had
knocked out of tho army bill tho canteen
clause. Thoy wcro more astonished when
they fo'uud that this had been tho work of
ono man Inllucnced by a largo number of
determined women.
Tho man Is Ho v. Dr. Krafts, a Congre
gational preacher. Dr. Krafts Is tho enemy
of tho saloon In national politics and 1b
always on guard at tho national capltol.
Dr. Krafts' business 1b exushing tho demon
rum in legislatures, whether they bo local,
Btato or national. His efforts havo made
whole states adopt tho policy of prohibition.
His work has been effectlvo In Illinois,
Kansas, Maryland and Georgia. When tho
Hawaiian legislation was up ha was hero
pressing restriction on tho liquor trafllc
In that territory. Ho seems to represent
all of tho national temperance soclotlos.
Ho has a houso at 210 Delaware avenuo,
near the capltol. Ho appears boforo com
mittees, waylays congressmen in tho cor
ridors, sends for thorn on the floor and
visits them at tholr homes.
Ho is a very thin, sparo man, rathor caro
less of his attire, like ail Intense reform
ers, but men who aro successful In their
calling, as Dr. Krafts has been, can afford
to bo careless In their attire. Ho rides a
bicycle and his nether extremities excite
nmuBomcnt when he goes Hashing through
the corridors with bicycle clips around his
small ankles.
A quiet little man, with a faco bronzed
by years of exposuro to tho Bait air, takes
his lunch In tho houso restaurant every
day. He never seoms to have much to say
nnd never seems to bo doing anything
except looking on. YotthtBinnu for six years
has balllcd all of the efforts of tho combined
shipping Interests of tho United States to
abolish compulsory pilotage. Ho Is Cap-
tain J. Edward O'Brien of Pensacola, Fla.,
president of tho National Pilots' aesocla-
tlon. Tho pilots havo a closo organization
nnd for years tho great steamship lines
havo been Booking to havo compulsory pilot-
ago abolished. Thoy havo boon outman-
euvored by Captnln O'Urlen overy tlmo and
havo como to respect him as a worthy foo-
man.
William It. Corwlno of New York Is vory
1. I.. ..-.1.1.... .- ... 11. 1. I . w
iiiulu ui uviuuuuu iii tviiBuiiigiuu. aiv. jor-
wlno Is an old Now York newspnpor man,
with Wall street training. Ho Is secretary
of tho Now York Merchants' association,
and thnt association Is Interested In legis
lation nt Washington as weir as at Albany.
At Washington Just now they are pressing
for nn uptown Now York postofllco, for
PICTURESQUE NORTHWESTERN NEI1RA SKA-BAD LANDS WEST OF
Mil. AND MnS. GEORGE W. MNINGER AN
tho deopenlng of Buttermilk chnnnol, and
aro also opposing thoso features of tho ship
subsidy bill that permit forolgn built ships
to partlclpato In tho benefits of tho pro
posod subsidy.
A number of former members of congress
romaln horo when thoy rctlro to prlvato llfo
looking after certain Interests. Former
Representative Ellas Brookshlro of Indiana
Is advocating a bill favored by tho United
Statos Economic Postage association. What
this association desires 1b congressional
sanction for n system of return postal cards
and return envelopes which It has de
signed, by which persons using them need
only pay for tho postago for tho cards and
envelopes actually roturned.
Former Representative Timothy J.
Campbell of New York, who Is always look
ing out for his friends, Is vory much in
terested In having tho wages of postofllco
clorks and letter carriers readjusted.
. . .
lillKHlg IlllO tl RCCClVer
Dr. Cyrus Edson of Now York has made
a study of tho danger of Infection from the
uso of tho telephone, and It Is comforting to
know that ho docs not agrco with tho
alarmists, who seo In every telephono a
mcnuco to public health. In Dr. Edson's
opinion tho telephono may bo used In per
feet safety, provided two slmplo rules bo
Invariably followed. Theso rules aro:
Tho keeping of mouthpleco and receiver
In a Btato of absoluto cleanliness and tho
keeping of tho mouth several Inches from
.1 1 111 ........ i, ...
1110 iruusiniuer wnuo using wo teijpnono.
If thoso rules aro rigidly followed tho
scientist sees In tho uso of tho telephono no
moro danger than mny accrue from swing
ing signs.
In a recent article published In tho Amer
ican Telephono Journal Dr. Edson main
taliiH theso views, and further adds corn-
D GRANDDAUGHTER, MARION HALLER,
fort to thoao who walk dally In tho fear of
bacteria by giving tho assuranco thnt:
"Not overy ono who Is actually Inocu
lated with tho germs of a dlseaso develops
that disease. There Is probably not a day
In tho llfo of any Individual of tho human
raco who lives In a city that ho docs not
rccclvo Into his system tho germs of some
Infectious disease. If wo caught disease
overy tlmo wo wcro exposed to It tho
human raco would bo very quickly de
stroyed. Tho great majority of us are for
tho most time Immune against all Infec
tious diseases."
Dr. Edson goes on to assure us that
many telephono transmitters havo from
tlmo to tlmo been examined by vigorous up
holders of tho germ theories. In theso
transmitters baleful germs of various kinds
havo been discovered. Dr. Edson does not,
however, bid us. despair because of this.
He declares boldly that tho more presenco tho totnl number of foreigners who arrived
of bacteria collected In any lodging placo during tho Inst ten years constitutes nbout
proves nothing. Wo are assured that not one-third of tho 13,000,000 Increase In popu
icsa than twenty varieties of bacteria havo latlon shown by tho census of 1900. In
been found assembled under tho ilnirornnlln creasing restrictions and a decreaso in vlr-
0f n man whoso hands have Just undergone
what seemed a most satisfactory cleaning.
Ho Insists that bacteria exist everywhere,
but ndds that wo need only concern our-
selves with tho bacteria of disease.
"I bellove," ho says, "that If 1,000 public
telephono transmitters and receivers wero
oxnmlned onlv ono or two wmilii nrnimh'v
bo found to be Infected with dlseaso germs.
This la a slight danger, which cannot al-
ways bo avoided. A percentngo of tho
human raco must sicken and die because
... '
wo find It convenient to llvo In cities. Thfs
railroad, tho electric light, tho stenmshln
and tho gas wo burn all claim a number ot
victims yearly, and In this way man pays
for anything that Is of great public good,
not only with his money, but with his life."
Tho cleanliness of tho telephone Is, there
fere, its best safeguard. It is of Impor-
ADEL.IA, SIOUX COUNTY.
OF OMAHA VISITING THE PYRAMIDS.
tanco to note thnt Dr. Edson lnsioU unit
"no nmount of disinfection will take tin
plnco of cleanliness."
"In conclusion," saya tho scientist, "I
would stato that If the telephono trans
mitter nnd receiver aro used properly nnd
tho samo rules of cleanliness applied to
them as to other articles of use by a
cleanly person, no danger whatever need be
apprehended from them." All of which wU
glvo great comfort to tho timid person who
has been mado to see through tho oyes of
tho alarmist a bogle, rather than a useful
and harmless friend In tho telephone.
Our New Population
Immigration Into tho United States was
larger last year than at any time slnco
1890, says tho Now York Commercial, nnd
Bm area Jo not scom to havo discouraged
lno '"iiux or nomeseoKers irom corona,
an(1' wnat 18 more, they are now of a moro
deslrablo character on tho average than
tnnso wuo ca,no to tllls country during tho
Great rush between 1881 and 1884.
Austria-Hungary, Italy and Russia fur-
nlsbed In about equnl numbors three-fifths
ot 1110 600,000 foreigners added to the ponu-
,atln of tho United States lost year. Great
Britain furnished 60,000, Ireland still cpn-
trlbutlng a largo majority of theso. But a
i. , ...
low scattering citizens ot our now posses-
Blns transferred their residence to tho
UnItcl Stntca, thus sustaining what has
becomo an nxlom In emigration sclenpe,
1,1111 peopio soiuoni icavo a warmer ror a
colder county even where overy facility Is
afforded for tho chnnge.
it la evident from tho nationality of the
pooplo now coming to the United States
that comparatively fow of them, with tho
oxceptlon of tho Russians, are competent
to enter at onco Into tho agricultural life
of tho west. They havo been encouragqd
to cmlgrnto by tho demand for manufactur
ing labor In tho United States, and it Is
from this source thnt American Industrial
contors have drawn tholr mill hnnds for
plnnts of Increasing slzo, also much of
their recent gain In population. Tho case
with which the present largo Immigration
Ib nbsorbed Is ono of tho best Indications
possible that tho United States will not
for a long tlmo reach that point where
crowded conditions awako anxiety.
In tho cnrller days of tho migration from
Europo to America tho omlgrants left their
homes to seek forms In a country whero
thoy could bo hod for tho asking. A great
army was conntantly on tho move. Min
nesota, tho Dakotas and other states In
that section wero soon filled up with fnrm
Ing pooplo ot nil nationalities. Tho llf
was not strenuous In tho sense of subdulns
forces other than cold, heat and wind. It
was lnrgoly a question of endurance Tho
states where Indians had to bo fought,
real wilderness explored and adventures pf
heroic kind undertaken were settled as r.
rulo by natlvo-born Amorlcans, who sought
novolty and wero possessed of great
adaptability to strange environment.
Tho Immigration of today comes to cIllo'J
ready for It, to agricultural communities
short of men to till flolds already plowed
and fenced. Tho Europeans now added
dolly to tho population of tho United States
benr the samo relation to industrial
America as does a batch of recruits to a
well-organized army.
