THE OMAHA DAILY T5ET3: TriTTRSDAV, SEPTTCMBETt 20, 1000.
S)
STRANGE SIGHTS IS PARIS
Weird V1ot73 of the Catacombs Produced by
Flickering Uandlelignt.
DISMAL DENS LINED WITH HUMAN BONES
Trln liv I'nr uiiil Hunt 'I'lirfiuali tUc
Scirem of the f;lt .itlrnullvc
h(!flU'H llllll llll'lllt'lltft
Ainu c (irouml.
FARIS, Sept. 1. (Correspondence of The
lice.) Kver slnco I arrived ln l'arla si
uionthK uro 1 havo Intended to visit the
Catacombs, but not until last Saturdaj
ero my Intentions fulfilled. An Intensely
hot day It was nnd whou wo Joiutd cur
friends at Place Ueufort-Ilocliercau found
about COO people already nsetnblcd wait
ing for the gates to bu opened ut 12Aj.
Hut Bates, like all things fine in larls, du
not open on tlmo and it was after 1 o'clock
before wo began to move. 1 nay, "began to
move," for our progress was very slow and
ve stood for half an hour, packed llko sar
dines In tho midst of a push.nB crowd, wlih
tuo hot rays of an August midday biiij
shln.ng upon cur head. At Inst wo reached
the court yard, then another step by step
walk of twenty yards brought us to a
kmall door, tho entrnnco to the Catacombs.
Here we lighted our candles and began tue
descent of the lonn, dark wmdlns stone
stairway. Kach step down the mercur
seemed to sink n degreo and when we
finally reached bottom It was decidedly
chilly. I was tho first In our party and
Iliad of mo was n rather elderly man who
bad gone down tho stairs very slowly, so
slowly, in fact, that when wo were nt last
down all was total darkness nnd wo could
sec no lights or hear no sounds from the
hundreds of peoplo uhcad of us. My
friends told me to pass on and tako tho
lff.d, which 1 did, hurrying along dark,
narrow nnd winding passages with ns
much rnpldlly as) possibly, with no other
light than our lllckerlng candies. An oo
rational unexpected mooting with the stone
wall served to relievo tho monotony of the
seemingly endless and most uninteresting
walk. At last I fcaw lights ahead am!
caught up with tho ndvanco portion of
tho party just as wo entered tho Catacombs
uropcr, which aro most curious. origi
nally they were quarries, but over a hundred
years ngo woro converted Into nn Immense
rhnrnol house, whero bodies and bones
from all parts were thrown In most any
way, Later was begun the attempt to ar
range tho bones and skulls nnd since then
they havo been stored In different galleries
nd compartments nnd are piled up with
Krcat precision and regularity, forming the
walls of tho passages. Several chapels
havo hoen constructed of theso gruesome
relics. It Is said that tho remains of 3,000.-
000 peoplo nro burled there. Another long
walk through moro pnssages, this tlmo
on the Incline, a hard climb of eighty odd
ntcps and wo camo out In daylight on the
Hue Daseau.
A Venetian CnruM nl.
One evening last week a party of four of
wo Americans hailed a cnrrlago and made
arrangements with tho coachman for u drive
around tho grand boulevards. o bail
gone about a quarter of a mile when we
reached tho Selno river and on tho bridges
nnd leaning over the walls wero hundreds
and hundreds ol people assembled to see tho
Venetian carnival glen la honor of tho
ehsh of Persia. Wo nskrd our cabby to
stop and wait for us while wo descended to
ailly locate ourselves.
id? the tars stoppd and we got out. walked
across some planks laid In omc dirty sower
water to another platform, besldo which
vere eight boats nil chained together. Kach
tioat held n man who acted as B6rt of a
ttard. The boats were hauled by men, who
nded with rubber boots through tho black
water. Wo bad rather dreaded tho trltt,
tiavlng anticipated great discomfort from
offensive odors, but were very agreeably dlt-
ippolnted In this respect. One of our coun
trywomen, standing next mc while wall
ing for tho boat, asked me if I did not
think tho air very bad. 1 looked at her In
amazement, wondering If she expected the
fragranco of violets on a voyage through
;he sewers. Certainly this trip through the
ewers Is one of the most Interesting things
I'nrls has to offer a visitor. On Is lost In
mazcracnt that 1'arls should furnish gratis
uch conveniences as comfortable cars ana
boats, with the usual necessary number of
ihlclals, when one cannot sit In n chair In
i park or garden without paying extra for it
2-j?i!B THE FIELD OF ELECTRICITY
Expert Teati of Stray Currents from Trolley
Oar Motors.
DOUBLING THE HARNESS AT NIAGARA FALLS
Unique ttloclrle ltnml In SvrlUcrlnnil
.Mllltnry Tetcgrniiliy mill the
Telrpliotmsrrniili t'r nitre
In Other 1,1 ii en.
The Engineering Record publishes a digest
of n report of nn electrical engineer on tho
electrical conduction of tho water mains of
Providence, H. I. Tho report Is based upon
tests and examinations made of tho water
mains In streets occupied by electric rail
ways. Tho expert found that all tho mains
lint sueh i nnlv nmi...r h9.n '.!, i ! wero carrying moro or less electricity, vary-
ltencv of tho Trench nennln. Th m n6 l voitago m a way uinicuit to explain.
i , - - - Cl 1
our uoai ioiu me moro wero S00 peo-
ino who visited the sowers yesterday. With
us wero .Mr. Hebort of Davenport. la., and
ins most churning wife. Mr. Hebert ha.
.harge of tho Publishers' building at the
xiosition and is probably one of tho most
topuiar men with tho United States
ominission. ins title in Davonnort of
"Undo Joe" ha3 followed him to even far
iway l'nris.
Tho fact that tho Misses Torrlll of Omaha
iro In Paris will doubtlcis bring a smile o
omplaccncy to tho face of many a Nebrnski
woman and doubtless the swell circle will
havo a chance to view this coming winter
oples of some of Worth's wonderful ana
olabornto creations now exhibited at tho
Paris exposition.
si'ccnss ix co-orniiATiox.
A .t!o i-mriit i,t WliliOi Attipt-li'ii la
Coin punitive Miunm-r.
mo co-operativo movement In Great
llrltalu, reports the Springfield Republican
is a notably cxpnndlng one and represents
a development to which Industrial America
la a comparative stranger. From 1S62. when
i he movement began, to 1SS7 the number of
co-operative societies engaged In the retail
trade had Increased from 400 to 2,230. hav
ing a membership of 1,627,133, and n share
' apltal of nearly $100,000,000. Tho sales of
theso societies In 1S97 nmountcd to J323.-
000,000, upon which there was a net profit,
divided nmong tho members, of $32,079,000.
or about 10 per cent.
Hut It Is particularly the development of
a wholesale business In connection with
these fcoclctles that wo would notlco nt this
time, thcro having been sent to tho He
publican, through John Gledhlll, tbo Now
Vork agent of tho "Co-opcratlvo Whole
salo Societies, Limited," tho annual of the
societies for 1900, a considerable and most
Interesting volume, giving full nccount of
the work of tho wholesale movemeut and Its
development to date. This wholesalo so
ciety was started In 1S63 for tho purpose
evidently of supplying tho retail co-opera-
tlvo establishments, bringing tho latter Into
direct relation with tho producer all over
tho world, so far as tho needs of the local
concerns demanded. It has since expanded
to an extent which seems to Justify tho
ooast of Its managers that upon Its activities
He also found ovldonccs in n great many of
his examinations of damage to the mains by
electrolysis which was slowly shortening
tho lives of the mains. Tho Injury Is not
wrought upon tho current entering the main
but on its leaving for earth or water.
There como then at tho Joints what tho ex
perts calls electrolysis fittings, which cause
softening of the edges to such on extent that
the metal could be cut with a knife. Leak
ago is bound to follow such destruction.
The principal cause of tho cscapo of the
electricity from tho trolley rails Is In the
defectlvo bonding of the rail Joints. This
permits the rottirn current to shoot Into tho
ground and, seeking nnother conductor, get
Into tho water pipes. Not only should th
bonds bo renewed, hut the frogs nnd
switches nt all other turnouts should be
tested, nnd thoso found defectlvo promptly
renewed. It Is tho practice on somo electric
roads periodically to examines by methods
of testing the entlro bonding system of their
lines and promptly repair thoso found do
fectlve.
Tho various places In tho city can bo
tested nnd watched from time to time by
use of tho voltmeter in tho water depart
ment, nnd It the rnllwny compnuy Is dis
posed to correct places found to bo mcnac
Ing tho Immediately dangerous flow con bo
modified. Hut it Bhould be understood Hint
there can bo no assurance of complete im
munity from electrolytic damngo to water
mains caused by the straying railway cur
ronts so long as the single trolley system Is
used In which tho rails form one sldo of tha
circuit and nro in contact with tho earth
Current which once enters the water mains
must leave them nt various points and more
or less inside or outsldo near tho Joints
over tho entlro system, and wherever even
the smallest fmctlon of current passes out
of tho water mains through earth or water,
somo lujury to the water mains must re
sult. Tho destructive action may be slow
nnd long go on unnoticed, but Inevitably and
seriously It shortens tho life of the pipe
MiiKiirn I'lillx l'lnnl.
Work on tho now wheel-pit of tho Niagara
Falls Power company nt Niagara Falls, N
V., Is rapidly progressing, nnd It Is expected
that tho machinery of tho new Installation
will bo In motion by Jnnunry 1, 1001. The
original plant of this company Is one of tho
most famous specimens of electrical cngl
ncerlng In the world. About a mile and a
tho sun never sots. It has buyers stationed
at verlous poluts on tho continent of Europe half above the falls on tho American side
and at New York, Montreal and Syduoy. nn Inlet canal was constructed, lending off
Australia. It has purchasing nnd forward
ing depots at various points In the United
Kingdom. It owns nnd operates a fleet of
seven freight Bteamshlps, which take out
coal and English manufactures to the
foreign ports touched and bring back the
from tho still water of tho Niagara river
above tho rapids. Near this cannl was con
structed n wheel-pit nn enormous cutting
In tho solid rock, nearly two hundred feet
deep and wide and long enough to nccom
mrxlato ten turbine wheels, each develop
watch tho curnival. It was, Indeed, a most produce which goes to distribution largely Ing moro than fi.OOO horso power. From tho
pretty sight, on a neautiiui nigni inc viuw mrougn mo retail co-opcratlvo societies,
of tho Seine, with tho lights on Its many It owns soveral splendid warehouses, which
bridges, Ja always, most .fascinating,, butj on ary , pictured Ja tho "annual," along with
this particular nlgni tne ncauiy was grcuuy uio sieamsnips ami omcr noteworthy prop-
enhanced by tho procession ot siowiy moving erty or tno society.
and beautifully decorated boats, uiuminnicu too society conducts a tea trado of no
with hundreds ot colored lanterns. One boat, small proportions, and In union with the
entirely Illuminated with green and white, Scottish co-operative wholesalo society has
was especially beautiful. When wo finally recently built a great warehouso In Lon-
bottom of tho pit, which will remnln, until
the completion of the now one, tho largest
excavation over mndo In the earth In point
of depth and amount of material removed
from a slnglo cutting, the hydraulic tunnel
extends to n point a few hundred yards be
low tho American Falls, whore It debouches
Into the lower level of the river. This tun
nel Is straight, nbout 7.000 feet long, and
persuaded ourselves to leavo tho falry-llko don, which handles over 10,000,000 pounds as largo as a double-track railway tunnel
oi tea a year, with unrivaled facilities for
blending teas, tho sales to tho general pub
lic being considerable on nccount of the
high reputation of co-operative toas. The
coffeo trado at this establishment amounts
cnrrlago ho Is safe, but onco ho gives It up to some 1,000,000 pounds a year. The
Hf-rrm ti was to Mil our carriago anu
coacher had both nllko vanished.' Some
times these Parisian cabmen aro ns hard
to retain as they arc to get iu the first
place. As long ns ono keeps a neat In tho
all may or may not bo lost, just as tno
roarher decides.
Mlilit Itniiiulr r.
One wonders when do tho Parisians sleep?
A young Frenchman rurely thinks of retiring
before 2 o'clock and until thut hour in the
mornlne tho bouluvards aro gay and brigm,
After spending moro than half tho night at
n. eafu which closes Its doors at - n. m.,
tho Frenchmen, llko their American brotbora
ncros tho pond, havo a strong desire to eat,
society owns cocoa and chocolate works.
It owns nnd operates factories for the
manufacture- of biscuits, cakes, Jams and
the like. It has another factory for the
making of pluklcs nnd canning fruits. Par
ticularly mentioned as "ono ot tho grand
est monumcntB of co-operatlvo enterprlso"
la tho boot anil shoo factiry located near
Leicester, which for light and nlr and
sanitary arrangements Is said to be a
model. Tho capacity of tho shoe woiks of
but their thoughtb do not wander to Biich tho society is 60,000 pairs a week. Then
Indlgcstlblo dlshea ns lobster a la Ncwburg 'hero aro soap and candlo works, a woolen
of Welsh rarebit, for oven though they and clothing factory, Hour mills, cabinet
tnnw and liked theso American midnight worka, underclothing and corset factories,
It slants steadily from tho floor of the wheel
pit to Its mouth, so as to permit tho lm
mense volume of water It delivers to Mow at
a high Fpced. into tuo same tunnel tn
water from tho wheels In the new pit will
also discharge. The new cxcavntlon Is near
tho old one, but Is enough larger to ac
commodato eleven wheels, each ot 5,000
horse power. Taken together, the complot
development will bo the largest hydraull
plant In tho world, until tho completion of
the Installation at Massona. Springs, on the
New York sldo of the St. Lawrence, which
will bo about CO per cent larger. Us total
output will be, under normal working, 110,
000 horso power. Of this total a largo pro
portion will bo transmitted to liuffnlo
twcnty-slx miles away, the remainder belns
absorbed by various Industries nt tho falls
Tho electric power Is generated In larg'
two-nhaso machines, each giving 5.000
delicacies to get them won d be impossible, ijmuuuk u, a mru rennory, a uannei , ' , "I,
as at hat hour In the morning all restau- factory, and oven a cigar and tobacco nnd roquency o twenty-flve c cles , a second,
rants are closed and tin. only place open in snuff factory-all owned nnd In operation trnnsmlas on to nuffalo this current
1 , o I Utile Iloulangerlo under the Immediate direction of tho so- "P 1" Pressure and at the same
lh0... "5" , a. f,nnr u.m des ciety. whoso employes number more than tlmo altered to three-phase current at 22,-
ns of n battery
ivMn. This nurtlcu or uouiangorio is
miltn celebrated nnd tho picture of It is on And this society, whose activities are so
inmiv nf the I'arlS POStcaniS. I..1KC an 11011- imi "icuui-u, ib .i imruiy co-onora
lnm-nrii.n it in very smnll and can nccommo- Uvo affair. Its chief shareholders nro tho
dato at ono time only n few peoplo. " Conse- retail co-operativo societies, which llguro
mmntlv from 2 o'c ock to 2 30 in the morn
Ing thcro Is a crowd of moro than a hundred
Parisians In the street in front of the llnlo
ciinn riich wnttliicr his turn to enter nnd
In tho wholesalo concern In proportion to
their membership, nnd there are ulso In -
uiviuuni snnreuoiaers, consisting of em
ployes, nil of whom havo a volco In the
make a small purchase of somo sort of n tart management. It Is managed by a general
or cakclot. committee of sixteen members, whose
Our nresont quarters uro only two biocws cnairman la, ns it were, the corporation
from tho former lodgings of tho much-loved president, and It Is worth noting, In respect
French noet. Alfred do Musset, tho nephew to tho emcleucy or tno management, that
of whom wo had tho pleasure of meeting the somo of Its mills which were bought after
other evening. Speaking of poots reminds they had proved a falluro In private
me of a friend of ours who writes some ex
nulsltcly pretty llttlo poems, though only
20 venrH of ngo. lie wrote the words for
th armor "Aimer. Pieuror. Mourlr!" which
Is also on salo In New Yoifc.
Homo Hfo Is rnru In Paris, altnoBt every
ono living nt tho cafes, but I have been
fortunato In knowing two charming French
families, with ono of whom I pass twi.
evenlnns a week. The other day I went to
tho exposition with nutdamo and her young
est son nnd dining tho afternoon she
bought for each of us a sort of breadlet tn
tho shnpo of a muffin, which we munclny
French tnshlon as we ptomenaded Uo Hue
des Nations. Whon 1 encountered an nc-
nualntanco from New York I vainly endenv
ored to hldo my muffin In my sleeve, but
I'm sure ho saw tho offending morsel ana
I only hoped ho had been In Paris lone
enough to appreciate Parisian customs at
well as tho disregard of publle opinion
which these French people one and all pos
fcCKB.
DuliiK lilt" Senern
Yesterday afternoon wo walked down Hut.
Ft- Martin to tho It tie Ktantnur. Hero li
tho center of tho street was a covered
stono platform with nn Iron railing nrounil
It This wnn Mm meetlm: place of all those
having permission to tlslt Lea Kgouts (the
sewers) of Paris. Wo prefented our cards
nnd wero soon following tho others down
a stairway to a long platform under the
street. Ily the Bide of the platform was a
track and ou this track wero four ilectrie
car3, minus any sides or roofs. They were
most comfortably arranged with cano seats
and each car held thirty persons bcsldcc
the motormnn. As soon ns the cars were
nil filled tho whistles blew nnd wo started
on tho unique Journey of a ride through
the Paris sewers. Water under s and
over our heads great numbers of cable una
telegraph wires, on cither sldo of us two
Immense pipes with ninny smaller one
Th streets were all marked, so we could
hands, are being made to pay now. The
business, or sales, ot tho Kuglish co-opor.v
tivo wholesale society last year amounted
to over $71,000,000, and tho sales of the
Scottish wholesalo socloty amounted to
25 000,000 In each case showing a material
gain over tho previous year, ft should
also bo mentioned that these societies are
ixtcndlng their operations Into ngrlcultural
Ireland, where co-operatlvo creameries are
being established for tho making ot butter
nnd cheese to bo distributed direct to con
sumers all over tho United Kingdom.
nero we navo industry conducted prac
tically on n socialistic basis, for many of
tho employes of the productlvo branches
of the wholesale societies are members or
shareholders. Tho capitalist and tho tin
dertaker, the receiver of Interest and the
receiver of profit, aro horn one and tho
same, and the receiver of wages is In
many cases lucnticni wun mem. it is a
notable development, within an industrial
environment considered far from being
favorable, and Its consequences will quite
likely prove to bo deop reaching.
Millions win ho bpeiit tr. politics thli
year. We can't keep tho campaign going
without money r.ny moro than we can keep
tno oouy vigorous without food. Uyspep-
tics urcd to staive themselves. Now Kodol
IJyspepjia Cura digests what you eat and
illows you to ent all the goni food you
want, it radically cures stcmaeh trouble
Ollli-em Will I'ny Dntj-.
SAN FHANCIBCO, Sept. 19,-The officers
or the rutted states Hospital shin Hala-e
i 11 pay duty on the koocIs they lirouuh'
over from China nfter all. hut thuv will
tnnko their payments In the shape of lines
rquni to iiik eiiHinms uues. c;iipinin wins
low, In behalf of his subordinates, ha
inado this agreement with tho revenue
ofllcers who followed the vessel to tho
Maro Island navy yard. The goods con
sist of 135 packages of silks, chlnawaro and
other artliies. The Solace brought over
twenty Chinese without certlncutes, who
win not ue permuted to lanu.
000 volts pressure by men
of transformers. When tho plana of th
original Installation wero mndo publl
there was more or less criticism, especially
ot the gigantic scale of tho undertaking
but a few years of operation has show
that there Is a steady market for olectrl
power and has forced tho extension of the
plant to moro than twice Its original sue
Klet't rliMil I'mn-r In n Tunnel
Until now tho Oreat Northern railroad
has crossed the Cascade raugo of moun
tains on the Pacific slope by a series of
zigzags, famlllnrly called "switchbacks"
threo "legs," with a thrco and n half-foot
grade on tho eastern sldo, or n threo nnd
a half-foot rlso to every 100 feet of track
and on tho west Bldo four "legs," with a
I per cent grade. This has been slow nnd
oxpenslve, requiring oxtra locomotives, tho
doubling up of trains and a great waste of
tlmo nnd energy. Slnco Jnnuary, 1S97, en
gineers havo boen nt work boring a tunnel
nt n level of 3,375 feet ubovo tldownter,
which Is now nearly completed and will be
open for traffic by Ortober 1. This is the
lowest grade at whuh the mountnlns nro
crossed between Alaska and the Isthmus.
Tho tunnel Is 13,200 feet, or two nnd
one-half miles long, twenty-three feet high,
sixteen feet wide nnd has a roof of 5,350
(ret cf solid granite. The total cost was
$2,000,0t0.
The work of construction has boon dono
by electricity with tho most modern ma
chinery. Thirty-two drills bored holes In
tho granite, which wero loaded with dyna
mtte. After the discharge tho fragments
of stono wero scraped up by 'lectric shov
els, loaded upon electric ! . i;d taken to
crushers, where, by oWetiii- power, they
wore ground Into powder, mixed with sand
and cement nnd used to plaster tho Inside
of tho tunnel with a coat ot concrete four
feet thick.
Eloctrlc motors will bo used to haul the
trains through th tunnel in order to avoid
the annoyance of Bmoko and gas' from coal
burnlng locomotives and hugo electric fans
will keep tho air cool and 3woet.
I ii 1 1 in- I'.lrctiic lloiiil.
All of tho electric motors on trolley enrj
tn America are ot tho direct current type.
In n few shops, however, alternating lut-rf-nt
motors havo recently been employed
tn drive machinery, nnd th;s lnnovat'cn has
led to a good deal of talk about applying
the same system to traction work. If
alternating current motors would show
themselves suited to the operation of
trolley cars It would be felt that an Im
portant gain had been effected. Where
the power tor a road Is generated at a
onsiderablo distance from the line, as Is
tho case In lluffalo. whose supply is drawn
from Niagara, It Is customary to erupt y an
alternating current for transmission pur
poses, and then at the scono of action ion-
crt the current Into a direct one. That
conversion, however, Involves a slight loss
f energy nnd calls for the use of an addi
tional nppllance. There would be a double
economy, therefore, It tho alternating cur
rent could be led right into the car motor.
Without going into tho technicalities of
the matter it may bo remarked that until
Tcsla Invented what Is known as the "poly-
phnso" motor It was hard to utilize an al
ternating current for power purposes, how
ever satisfactory It might bo for Illumina
tion, llut over since tho polyphaso motor
showed that It would work well in shops
electricians have waited Impatiently to sco
It tried on railway cars. Such a venture
has been made In Switzerland, nnd If It
Is not the very first ono of tho kind It Is
certainly a pioneer enterprise. A descrip
tion of the now lino Is lurulshcd by Ln-glnecrlng:
From Uernc there radiate railways In all
directions. Tho new Hue runs north nnd
south, to tho east of tho city, and Inter
sects threo of tho other roads. It begins
at Ilurgdorf on tho north and terminates
at Thun on the south. It is nlno mllos
long. The track Is of the standard gauge,
Part of the cars aro equipped with motors
and tho others nro trailers. The motur
cars weigh thirty-two tons and tho trail
ers twelve tons. Thcro nro four b x'y-four
horso power motors on each motor car, ouo
motor to each axle.
Prof. C. A. Carus-WUson. an English
electrical engineer of high repute, who do
scribes tho road nnd its worklug for En
gineering, remarks that If a direct current
motor is used tho speed fails off percop
tlbly when the load is Increased or an up
grndo Is encountered. But he declares
that the alternating current motors on tho
Ilurgdorf-Thun line boluvo better under
similar circumstances. However, he ndmlta
that tho grades thcro wero a llttlo too
heavy to show tho best results. And ho
also points out that tho operation of get
ting up speed at tho start, known as "ac
celeration," Is not na rapid with tho alter
natlng current ns with tho direct, ln somo
classes of service, especially In rurnl re
gions, this would not bo a serious draw
back, llut where, as Is tho case on clc
vnted roads ln cities, the traffic is heavy
and the trains mako frequent stops, this
delay ln getting up speed would be an ob
jection of no llttlo consequence
The i'rleplioiiuKi'npli.
Tho AmeHcnn consul nt Leipzig thus do-
scribes thc'"telephonograph. a now invcn-
tton In which tho German postmaster gen
oral. Von Podblelskl, Is mudi Interested
It Is a combination of a telephone and n
nhpnocranh for the purposo of recording
messages received during tho nbsenco of
the operator. This apparatus was invented
hv n Dane by tho name of Paulsen. Tho
person called up has only to hold the-trum
pot to his ear upon returning to the office
even nfter an nbsenco of days, to rocelvo
tho message. Many Inventors have tried to
effect such a combination, but all failed on
nccount of the dlillculty of transferring the
message onto a wax cylinder. Instead of
a wax cylinder, Paulsen used a flexible
uteri band In his phonograph, which is
much simpler In construction than the Edl
son phonograph. Messages nro much moro
easily removed from the steel band than
from tho wax cylinder. It Is wound on two
spools, moving quickly from ono to the
other, nnd comlns In contact with a very
small electro-magnet, switched Into the
circuit, which affects the steel band In such
a way as to record on It any sounds that
may penetrato to tho phonograph, it is
only necessary to cause tho steel band to
repass tho magnet ln order to hnvo the
sounds repeated. Each vibration of the
olectro-mngnet produces a corresponding
vibration of tho steel band. In order to ro
move n message from tho steel band
magnet Is passed over the surface on which
the message was recorded. The tests ro
cently made In.tho engineering department
of tho Copenhagen Telophono company.
whose service tho Inventor has recently
entered, were surprisingly successful. Up
to tho present time the apparatus rocords
a song better than a spoken message, but
tho latter Is nevertheless qulto clear, and
tho experts who havo been making expert
mentH In co-operation with the inventor
declaro that It Is only a question of time
until tho telephonogruph will repeat
mcssaKe ns clearly as it can be heard
through the most improved telephone.
Mllltnry THrKriipliy.
Tho art of military telegraphy has mad
very great progress In recent years, es
peclally In the hands ot tho signal corps of
the United States army. The rcraarkabl
achievement of tho signal men In keeping
constaut communication between tho front
and the base of tho prcsont Pekln expedl
tlon nt Tien Tsln Is n noteworthy accom
pllshmcnt and its details when wo recolvo
thorn will doubtless be ot great interest
In field wotk telegraph and telephono wires
aro cnrrled either In reels or wagons, or 1
the shapo of very light Insulated wlro or
reels mounted on military bicycles. In th
former case a polo wagon follows tho wire
wngon and mounted men put up tho pole
ns rapidly aa tho wlro Is reeled out. Th
poles might moro properly bo called lances
being made of light, tough wood, about
fifteen feet long, nnd provided with a sharp
Iron-shod point nt tho base and a hook In
Bulator at tho top. In any ordinary ground
theso poles can bo planted nnd tho wir
strung on them by a small squad of men
almost aa fast ns tho wagons can bo driven
comfortably over the field. Each wire
wagon Is provided with a full complement
of telegraph nnd telephono Instruments and
from It communication may bo kopt u
with the baso ns tho corps advances. For
rapid emergency work tho bicycle Is usei
tho signal man riding along at full speed
and trailing out tho wire on tho ground
behind him. It hns been found posstblo to
communlcato through several miles of wlro
merely laid on tho ground this way by
means of nn Ingenious combination telo
phono-telegraph set. Signals sent ln th
ordlunry way by a telegraph key are ro
eclved as buzzing sounds in tho telophon
and repeated experiments havo shown tha
even when the wire Is trampled Into tho
mud by men and horses, and when It has
been run over repeatedly by wagons nn
guns and, In extreme enscs, evon when
has been broken and the ends He severa
foot apart, communication Is possible
I llipi'lM I'll nilTtriU UllllH,
Everybody Is familiar with tho electric
fan motor, which is one of the greatest com
forts In these days of tropical heat. Few
realize, however, that this comfort-making
machine docs not cool the air at all; It
only moves It and makes a hreezo whlc
produces evaporation nt the surfaco of the
skin and thereby cools off the persplrln
motnl who happens to be In tho pnth of th
breeze. A new device has Just been
brought forward which will remove this ro
prouch from the electric fan, as It actually
cools tho nlr as well as moves It. Tho
machlno couslsts of nn upright part, re
sorabllng a cylinder stove, on top ot which
Is mounted nn olectrlc fan In n tight case.
This la to arranged that It draws tho a
up through tho lower part of the machln
which Is filled with Ice, and then blows
out Into the loom, not only cooled, but 1
large measure purified aa woll. In passln
over tho ico the air Is chilled, depositing
Ita humidity In tho form of moisture
dow and-leaving behind much of Its dust
and bacteria. Such machines havo been
Installed lu a hotel In Boston, whero they
have given excellent service, reducing th
temperature several degrees. The nmount
of cooling, ns well as tho consumption of
Ice, Is regulated by the speed ot the fan
motor, which, ln turn, Is adjustable at will
Now on Sale.
tfi
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Special
lAk-Sar
o
o
en
illustrated.
see i
. Official Messenger
of His Royal Highness
Ak-Sar-Ben VI
Profusely Illustrated from Photographs Taken
Specially for the Occasion by Our Staff Artist
S J ? t $ "$ S S j S "J 5
Ak-Sar-Ben's
Royal Chariots
Pictures and descriptions of the
4 eighteen floats that will make up
the wonderful parade the only
complete guide to tha allegorioal
proeeBsion absolutely necessary to
an intelligent appreciation of tho
gorgeous spectacle.
Electric Beauties
of the Carnival
Carnival week sees Omaha ablaze
with novel electrical effects in daz- f
zling street illuminations. Photo- T
graphic views of tho enchanting I
night Bcenes that greet tho royal
guests on every Bide. T
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Handsome Colored Cover Design
I Program
of the Week
0 Tabulated list of
1 gala events scheduled ,i
4 for amusement and on-
tertainment of the
royal guests during
f the coming festival
t
reek.
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Rise and
History of
the Knights
Interesting historical
sketch of the origin and
growth of tho organiza
tion that has made itsolf
so groat a reputation by
tho annual carnivals it has hold
in Omaha (or five bticcosslvo
years.
The Board
of Governors
The chief manage
ment of Ak-Sar-Ben is
vested with a board of
twelve governors. Who
the governors aro and
what thoy have done.
Portraits of tho govornorB ln
review in full regalia.
A Pictorial Magazine of Twenty-four Pages
The Royal Consort
The queen chosen by his majoaty
each year rules tho feminine mem-
bora of tho court and acts as mis-
tress of the oourt ball. Tho queens
of past years illustrated with
handeome portraits.
S $ 4 's- -fy-"
Kings of the Realm
Identity of the potentates who
have swayed tho sceptres over Ak-Sar-Ben'a
hosta in tho past, with
portraits in whioh tho kingly fea
tures can be readily recognized.
Beautiful Characteristic Frontispiece
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The Best Ak-Sar-Ben Souvenir 1
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