I''obrtiury 1000.
OMAHA ILLUSTRATED Willi.
Present
Condition and
Prospects of Japan
(Copyrighted, 1300, by Frank C. Carpenter.) regular lines to Now York as booii as It Is
OSAKA, Japan, Jan. ID, 1900. (Special finished.
Correspondence of Tlio Uee.) I ilrst visited At the same tltuo tlioro are scores of other
Japan ten years ago, and It ttiun had on tho steamships from the great lines of ICuropo
seven-league boots of modem Industrial and tho United Stntcs in tho Japanese ports
piogicss. 1 came again just beforo tho war every month. Tho trade is so increasing
with China nnd found that tho country had that all want their sharo of tho freight
again made giant strides. Since then Its Ono of tho latest In tho field Is tho North
business has been growing Hkv a snowball German Llovd, which now has regular
lolling down hill, and It Is now me of tho steamers from Kuropo to Japan, nnd which
great manufacturing nations of the globe. Is said to bo about to put on a service
Now mlllH of many kinds are going up. of lino vessels to ply between Hong Kong
4 Hero at Onka aro two-scoro largo cotton and San Francisco. Today tho freight be-
'factories oporatlng mioro than 1,000,000 tween theso ports is congested. The
spindles and last year SO.000,000 p unds of Japancso merchants tell mo they cannot get
cotton yarn wero exported to China. A their goods promptly, nnd that they have
great part of iho cotton used in Japan Is to wait for months for the filling of their
mndo here, nnd tho business -is bo growing orders.
that In the case of tho division of Chlua 'I'l'o United State niul Jiiiiun.
among tho powers, this region will bo turned Thoro Is a Rteany Increase going on In our
into ono vast o. tton mill for making clothes trado with tho Japanese. I seo American
for tho celestials. goods In all tho cities and nearly every
Just above Osaka Is Kioto, where thoro
nro now modern silk mills run by electricity
developed by wnter powor and nbout
hero nnd below at Kobo aro factories
which aro making matches by tho millions
of gross fcr shipment to China, Corca, India
and Austrnlln. In Toklo, 300 miles to tlio
eastward, soino Japanese hnvo Just completed
a woolen mill, nnd have now 1,300 hands em
ployed 'In making cloth to supply the
Japanese dcMiinnd for warmer clothing, nnd
at Nagasaki, tho cxtrcmo western nort of
the empire, a shipbuilding yard has been
established which Is making 0,000-t u
steamers as good as any constructed la
Ktuopo or the United Stated.
liiiuui (SrotvliiK Klcli.
The Japancso are, in fact, growing Into a
1 rich nation. They aro already tho nabobs
of tho Orient, tho richest of the native
races of the far caot. I do not mean that
they aro wealthy In comparison with the
Americans or tho Kurrpeaii3, but they are
far ahead of any peoplo of their own kind.
There are no beggars. 1 have not been
asked for nlms once during my stay in tho
country, and I seo no unemployed. Since
tho JapancHO-Chlnew war wages have in
creased from CO to 100 per cent, and men
who wore working before that tlmo for
STHHI3T IN OSAKA.
lie sent out a notice to (ho American rest
dents at tho tlmo tho treaties went into of
feet nskliiir them to olimrvo tho new rcgu
latloiiB and complimenting the Jnpane.se and air of proprietorship which Iho
nnd It is believed Hint many others will
follow.
Thero Is no doubt but that tin Japanese
will work for their sharo of tho Chlncso
trade. They must do so in order to keep
their peoplo employed. They have now In tho
neighborhood of 15.000.000 people scattered
over nenrly 4,000 islands, which, nil (old.
hnvo an area not much greater than Cull
fornln. Of this nroa not more than ntio
lenth can bo cultivated, and tho people have
to rely on tho outslilo markets for their
tnppcirt. Tho population Is Inrrcniltiit, :ind It
will noon bo a question where to llml work
for tho surplus
in this connection comes up the titr.ilm"!
relations which nro snlil to exist between the
Japancso anil the Russians. Tho people heie
aro very bitter, and they feel that they will
hnvo to light ltussla Bonner or later. Many
of them would like to seo war declared now.
beforo tho trans-Siberian railroad Is Unladed,
and while Frnnco has Its hands full wild
ho International exhibition at I'niis. There
is no telling Hint wnr may not come between
now nnd next mimnier, nnd ninny believe
Hint tho Japanese aro not only preparing for
It, but they will force It, rntder thnu lot
ItiiRfiln go on ns II Is now doing.
IIIINnIhII Illlltlt'HIT.
1 have met within tho last few days
novt ral men who have Just returned from
1'okln. They nil speak of (do assurance
ItllH-
government on Its generosity In opening up hIhiik now mail neu ineio snow, iney go
(do empire to foreigners. Inasmuch aB none nbout as though they ulrendy owned (ho Chi
ef tho other mlnlHtor.s had tho foresight or "'w empire, r. -I I hey put their lingers Into
courtesy to do this tho net has been greatly everything that Hie government do.s. They
appreciated by tho Japanese. 111 Tientsin, and nro making tdoiu
Mlnimer Duck, by tho wny, tins made Halves Ml mi far ninth tin Hankow, in the
dlmsclf very popular here, not only with VanglHo valley
tho Japanese, but nlsn with tho foreign ' '" IM'vpean d plomals who has
colony, by his plain, practical common- '""''v visited I', kin tolls mo the Itus-
senso Americanism. He believes In the sn"s "lrondy practically own Manchuria, and
it..ui a.o.D ,i i- i,.nva ,ti,. ...1...1 Hint tliey nave loriiiimen mo uiiiiicho
ho enn to ndvnnco
no Hympatliy wit Ji nny
not manifest the saino disposition. I heard
to
Its interests, nnd 'he has Rlv concessions t any but IM.ssla.is for
any American who docs n.n.n.raeturlng there. I do i. .1-
ONK OF JAPAN'S NEW IJRIDUIOS.
a curious story tho other day of his treat
ment of ono of our citizens who tried to
go back on his country. Tho man was
orlglnnlly Bont out hero ns n missionary bv
the Christian or Camj.belllto church, but
) demonstrated his unfitness by his un
charitable attitude twoard Japancso man
ners nnd customs that ho was forced to
resign.
Ho remained In Jnpnn, however, found
other means of making a living here nnd
was regnrded ns ono of tho members of the
Amcrlcnn colony. Now, It Is tho custom of
mnrlnnna nf TnnfiM In tin 1 1 n tnirntlint
l0 first tlmo to work rlco caters, nnd In tho nrmy bren.l lias nnd r1vc snmo ,lm, r a celebration on tho mio mo u.eu- ,..,.. ,.. ' .
w treaties foreigners been lately Introduced ns one of tho rntlons. Kourth of ,lt wl)pn th(, mnn wnH ,,. that they were now moving nlniig the to,.
nnd sell goods In any A great deal of Hour is used for paste in proncho(1 for his portion of tho contribution 0 11 1,1 ,,c" ,ml . .
lleforo thov went Into tho fan and other manufactures of paper, ,t
Vfnr lin rtrnw lilmnnlf iin nnrl rnnlloil HUHBlii
to have passports so that tho demand for tho Amcrlcnn article , havo nnlhnK lo R,V(V Ym, ,, for tl, ground to rn bo I usslan ';'"''' "
( If lhn,r ..nf nlltu.ln In olv HmnH na prfVlt tin IV fin It WflS tl'll VOarS . - -HI BIIII1 pil lllllllltlll HI llllou " IT"'
money
States. I do not clnlm citizenship there.
My citizenship Is In henvpn."
This -wns beforo tho now treaties had
gnno Into effect, nnd It wns only a few days
nfter ihe occurrence Hint the man wanted n
eight and ten cents a day aro now getting steamer brings over commercial travelers peoplo aro becoming bread caters as well as tno A
iwumy aim iweiuy-iive, aim more inun wj10 i,avQ como for th
doublo tho prices paid for tho samo class tj,o trade. IJy tho ne
oi iaoor in union nnu uorca. wages nro cnn Ilow do business
steadily rising and, though they nro still nart of tho omnlre.
not more than onc-tcnth tho sums paid our effect they wero required
worumcn, iney aro cnougn to do ricnes to from tho covernimcn
the peoplo here. They nro so high thnt tho treaty ports nnd all of tho business was ago
many of tho working peoplo nro saving d0no by Jnpaneso middlemen. Our drum- Xw Trcallpa mill lie American,
money. Thoro Is now moro than $12,000,- mors can now tako Interpreters with them As to Juet how tho new treaties will work
000 on deposit in tho postnl savings banks, nnd tako their orders direct. tho Americans hero aro undecided. Mln-
owncd by about 1,200,000 depositors, nnd As to tho foreign trado of Jnpnn, It now Istor Buck thinks they will bo to tho nd-
thls notwithstanding tho people chiefly In- amounts to enough to bo well worth our vantngo of our trnde, nnd seoms to have pnosport of Minister Ruck, In order that ho
vosi incir savings in omer ways. consideration, it was moro tnnn u.uuu,- no Idea but tnat foreigners will liavo tlieir might go Into tho cooler regions of tho In-
Ae to tho growth of wealth nmong tho 000 Inst year, and of this tho largest share rights nnd Justlco In the Japanese courts torlnr When do presented himself nt the
capitalists nnd tho business classes this Is of tho exports went to tho United States.
still more remarknble. ""hero Is no end of Wo tako, In fact, nbout one-fourth of nil
factories, bnnks nnd companies of various tho go ds Japan sells to foreigners, nnd it
kinds which aro paying good dividends. Is only lntely that we have been selling
Tho Nippon Vusen Kalsha Steamship com- hero nnythlng llko our sharo In return. Wo
pany, for Instance, la paying 25 per cent, buy more of its raw silk than any other
and thoro Is n horse railway In Toklo which nation, our exports of this alono footing up
Is paying 35 per cent. Tho rend Is the only '"oru J12.000.000. Wo pay it more
ono In n city of n million nnd a half populn- th $3,000,000 a year for tea and an equal
Hon. Its owners wore recently asked to In- am unt for Ellk BoodB- whl, wo annually
creaso their capltnl and equip It electrically. buv N.MO.OOO worth of Japanese matting.
They refused, aiylng they wero doing very Wo 80,1,1 300-000 a y,car to J"Pin for drugs
well and they doubted if they could pay a nn1 c J"nlcalB and a largo amount for cur os,
bigger perccntngo by tho electric system. Porcelain and other such things. V,o buy
There is no doubt, however, but they will mar, "n, moro car' but, 11 ls
soon havo to mnko tho change. atf lhnt our flales havo increased.
, At present wo aro gaining moro rapidly
Tho railroads of Japan nre paying, even , Tnnnna mnritn i,nn nnv niWr ,.
... 1. t 1. 4. I. .. . ' ...... V
uune wiwuii ul'iuiih id liiu "vtwiiiiicui. itnn
ne.-o giivernirent das iK'cn waineil Hint
Mancdiiilii belimigs to IliiHHla, and Hint any
Inclination to permit otders Hum llus
sl.ms t" come Into It will bo considered as
mi encroai hnient upon Russia's preservis.
nnd will be treated ncrordlngly. Not long
rgo un Ameiienn atti'iiited to gel s mo
gold mining concessions In Manehiiiiu. hut
wan told that they could only do h 'cured
through tho ltUBslaiis.
'I'd In Amorlenn trnveled cxIimihIvi ly
through Siberia nnd spent conslileinble
(lino Mining tho ItiiBslnns In Muiiehiiiiu. lie
found that (ho ciiniinon feeling nmong tho
KusBlniiB wan Hint nil Asia was bound lo
Thero aro now between 2,000 and 3,000
miles of track In tho empire nnd moro hnvo
been projected,
As to hanks thoy nro to be found every
where, nnd ns n rule they nro doing well.
Twenty years ago we furnislied only
nbout 5 per cent of tho Japanese Imports
and Kngland furnished over 50 per cent.
Now wo nro supplying 15 per cent of nil
thnt Japan buys nnd tho Kngllsh have lost
nbout half their trado. During tho last
Two per cent n month Is not an uncommon few years tho Americans havo been send
Intorest rate, nnd tho banks ns a rulo pay ng locomotives and rnllroad machinery to
Interest on doposlts. Tho total nmount of Japan, and our exports of iron and steel
nntlvo cnpltal now used in this way fonts manufactures now amount to m ro than
up moro thnn $125,000,000, tho Ilnnk of $2,500,000 a year. Wo nro having nn In-
Japan alnno hnvlng a capltnl of 30,000,000 creased trado In wheat and flour, some of the
yen, or $15,000,000. Tho banks do business Pacific coast mills being run nlmcst entirely
Just ns our bnnks do, keeping their nc- to supply tho Japancso markets. Tho
counts nnd lending money in tho samo way.
They do no "thank you" business of any
kind, nnd chargo their customers for nny
and overy favor. Thero aro largo stock ex
changes In Toklo nnd Osaka, nnd the yol
low, almond-eyed bulla nnd bears fight here
over tho rlso nnd fall of stocks Just ns our
white, strnlght-eycd ones do In Now York
and Chicago.
Money lu SIciiiiinIiIiih,
In tholr steamship lines tho Japanese nre
making wonderful progress. They now
hnvo lines of steamers which go to nearly
every great port. They havo twclvo big
steaimers which glvo them n fortnightly
Borvlco to Buropo via tho Suez canal, a
lino of largo ships to Australia via Hong
Kong and Manila, regular steamers to nil
the Chinese, Corean and eastorn Slbcrlnn
ports nnd two lines which mako regular
sailings for Seattlo and San Francisco.
They nro experimenting nnw with a lino
to Peru, nnd hnvo sent several of their
ships to Mobllo' nnd Now Orleans to test
whether it will pay them to Import our
raw cotton for their mills hero In their
own steamers. Lnst year tho Nippon
Yusen Kalsha added six vessels to Its line,
tho six aggregating a tennngo of 34,000, nnd
It now has twelve steamers which average
moro than 6,000 tons each.
Japan is vory anxious to seo tho Nicaragua
canal built, and will undoubtedly have its
RAISING COCOONS FOIt AMHItlC'AN MAKKKTS
nirV JitOSibjajsSBKBM
for tlio great war of tho future. The army
will soon bo followed by emigrants, and
HusslaiiH nro nlrcndy coming lu along tho
lino of their now railroad. Thero nio regu
lar emigrant steamers which come fioni
Odessa, bringing rolnnlstH lo Siberia.
Theso will soon do directed to land their
pnwsengers nt iho UuhhIuii port on Iho V-l-low
sen.
At present (ho HushIuii soldiers nro, I nm
(old, bringing their fnnilllcs with them nnd
nro colonizing nil along tho lino of tho
Htisslnn-OhlnoHo rnllrond. Tho Invasion of
troopH has been going on bIuco 1807, nnd It
Is claimed that thero nro now 150,000 Uim
Blnn soldiers In Manchuria and eastorn Si
beria. The IliisHlnns take tho Innds nlong
tho lino of their rond, paylnf, their own
prices for thorn, nnd nil their notions go to
show that they consider Mnnchiirla their
own territory. They look upon -Mongolia
In the Bnmo light, nnd In thtw two great
countries havo perhaps tho most valuable
provinces of Chlnn. Manehiirln Is naturally
rich. It has great nrens of good wheat
lands, nnd It will In tho futuro bo rno of
tho bread lmsknls of Asia. It cnntnliiH vnl
uablo minerals and deposlto of gold and
silver. Mnngnlln Is Bald to he rich In ItH
agricultural nnd mineral resources.' It Is
tho chief horse-breeding ground of east
Afila, nnd ns such will bo of vnluo to the
TliiBHlnns ns n feeder for Its cavalry.
At the samo tlmo tho Russians nre work
ing their way morn and moro Into Cnren,
nnd It In this Hint the .Inpnneso moBt ob
ject to. Tho Husilnns do nil they can in
HPCiirn tho friendship of tho Corenns, n
feeling which would nnturnlly go to Japan,
hnd llo peoplo not nngored tho Coreanp by
their rudo treatment of them after they
had defeated tho Chinese. The Jnpaneso
hnvo been vory conceited In their nctlnjiB
toward tho Corenns. They nro domineering
legntlon, however, Mr. Duck told him that
ho could only npply for passports for citi
zens of tho United States, nnd ns he had
denied haying any such citizenship ho would ,, nt tmcH vory ,nmming. Thn Tlusslans.
respectfully ndvlso him to npply for n puss-
port through tho powero of tho locullty In
which ho said his only citizenship existed.
Tho result was that tho ex-mlssloniiry n
ninlncd at homo.
At tho samo tlmo our minister Is a strong
frlond of tho nctlvo mlssl mnrles nnd I do
ing nil that ho diplomatically nnd consist
ently cnn to further tholr work here.
Inpiiii 'mill Clilmi,
on tho other linnd. nro cnnclllntery. They
nro employing the Cnrran nlnng the nnrth
nrn boundary of tho country nnd nre doing
nil thoy can to gain their good will.
Iiiiuiii'm PrciiiirutlmiM fur War.
Hut what Is Japan doing?
She Is by no mentis Idle, I cnn tell you.
Her preparations nro going on both openly
and In secret. She In perfecting her mll-
Itnry organization, nnd sho could 1111 C rea
JAI'ANICSH WHO WOKK FOIt TWKNTY C 12 NTS A DAY.
Colonel Duck tolls mo that tho Jnpaneso with troops within a fow weeks. She has
aro anxious thnt American capitalists should today ono of tho best Meets of war vessels
como hero and look over tho ground with alloat. and, ns It Is bolloved here, far better
n vlow to uniting with them In building fnc- prepared for a long struggle than Russia,
torles to capturo the great markot of China Japan hn her spies all over Iho Chinese
as soon as that empire Is opened up by the empire. Thoy are Jnpnneso who under-
powors. Thoy bellovo that such a combl- Htnnd and speak tho Chinese language quite
nation would bo Immensely .profitable nnd a9 wn a3 tlio natives, who wear pigtails
say that tho cheap labor nnd und uibtod skill iko tho Chinese nnd nro supposed to bo
of tho Japancso would ennblo tho goods to chlncso. Tho great variety of dialects and
bo made hero moro cheaply than lu tho feature In tho different provinces of China
..'!.. n a,,CS rh, proxl"l ti' " J,nl,an 10 make such spying comparatively easy,
hi! i ?WCdB,KllC,ViV?T T "I'' nro 1,10 emVy to Jnpa-
u n n Z t T,t tCS' a' nV, l ,,.0,a, nose government, nnd make regular reports
M n f t It Somo of them nro supposed to bo
base of operations, they claim, would bo , , . .i i ,
very Important factors In the problem. On, nh,nM0 mirf;"antB' ot,lcrf' arc 'nployed on
such combination has nlroady been made, (Contlnuea on Rlghth l'ago.)