12 TilE OMAHA DAILY ] 3hr : SUNDAY , AUUUST 7 , ISOS ,
The Biggest Only Real 0 I e thousands 0 coming t I
Is always a desirable article 0 ® " 0 n still I further impress e fact 0 peop'e ' lr' ' '
of real worth-- '
0 are at 0 I be n astonishing 0 0
Something you want or need 0 0
Sold at a price opportunity
fat' below its actual value , Tomorrow--Monday. , M
. .
' - - and Od s A MILLION DOLLAR SHOE FAILURE
4 DON T FAiL TO VISITOUR
GREAT SALE F Omaha , McGovcrn Thompson , the Grent
CLOTHING. EOSTON Nc t' York Shocltncn , Fail , attd
ourcholsentan suit in the hones-
u6-tor JILDI1A1DEIS&S9NS Thousands of the Finest
w rt h a p w - 38
Worth up to 176-for $10. '
Shoos Made for'Tltcut
PROPRIETORS.
1'
A grand purchase Are Sold to Us at a Fearful
t New Clearing THE BARGAIN OF BARGAINS Most Momentous Deal All These stud S acritice Thousands , Moro . '
D ress Goods SILKS e ! Hought'1'hrough Go on Sale Sinlliar Monday Cuuses on
$2. $ CARPETS at 59c yd .rR ReadyMade Suits linguin . .
Wo purchase from a Now York house-- Thousands of of all ( ho most desk'- ' The
yards ' - Whiteman CiCntCSt Shoe
& CO. Bargains
. the makers of
Eard pressed for cash-their entlro fall im e bought from a Philadelphia retailer all his odds and ends and lilt ,
, ,
cold's
able kinds ' ehndes and beat qualities the World .
r
' ' Ever Saw.
portatlon of dress goods at Tolle of find Moouette , Wilton , Velvet , Axminslere and other high class car- the finest ladies'readma d a C OS t
of alike go In tits grand clearing solo at - - -
pets , These are In single and half roils , no two alike , but there Is enough a ,
Fraction o Their Valve pricea never quoted before. In each roll for a sleeping room , or , when used with border , there Is enough nines in ewYorkselltheir entire
for any large room. None of these carpets are worth less than $1-5 yard , stock of sample dresses tour , ? r . t Ir
an Silks at 6c 9 and most of them are worth 8 2.60 yard. They ar e now displayed In our t
5Gc Black Dress Goods 15cI 1 o'clock large show , windows , and will be on Bale Monday morning promptly at 8 , At a Ore Fraction 0 wholesale COS [ e . ,
All of class silks in
50e black wool , nov our high t
altY dress goods ill an waist and skirt patterns , con- Ladies' IIItS for , 1
I nasortmont of tveavos and ry AT ! l '
of 24 and 27-inch
- g
sisting heavy
designs , from this purchase , a ieS ui lS or
I goatl5oyara . . . . . . . . . . . . . de '
_ glace , gros grains , peau On sale +
This the consummation of
means a pur-
39c Oolored Dress Goods 15c. soie satin duchesse Monday , ' ' '
, , bengaline , chase that eclipses anythll 1 g i n its line on
Colored dress goods , crystal , poplins and taffetas worth up - record , It enables us to bring 200 of the
ovary yard worth 3 C in shades and also to ; 2.50 111arseilles 2,500 , pair of the finest ladles' shoes made
1 5 evening very finest quality , Pique and Irish Linen Suitsin
in plain colors two-toned c yard. in Rochester in all the newest swellea t and
oombtnatlons , } nracadt and shades for street wear , worth I In the very latest styles-Eton , Blouse , Blazer and Ely 1 Front most elaborate n atterns black and tan suit
ba y adero effects g c at yard tot , It will all the Jacket effects-Many of them are elaborately trlIllllled with vcstlng lops and pinta kid tops , worth up to
50 to in
up yard , pay city peopl o lay a supply of these carpets as ' y Y $7.00 a pair , go at
' 111 bilk depart- never again will euch an opportunity occur. All of our out-of-town friends insertion , lace and ribbon skirts , apron and flounce effects
S1rGD Imported Black Goods 39C 69c and visitors should remain over to attend this sale , as you can save the ex- Worth $ 5i00
meat at G9e pease of your trip to the exposition by securing some of these phenomenal -These suits will be sold in two lots-- /
$1,00 imported , figured black bargains , Worth $6,00
. . . . . . . . ,
goods also silk and wool nov yard. , . I _ _ _ Worth $1,00 _ '
, S25 $18
in colors _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
allies , plaids , checks r $ S 6,000 pair Indies' black and tan plain and
and stripes , all actually $1125 and $ I 50 Fancy Silks 59c ' ' ' 9 8 fancy ailk vesting top shoes , made to retail
1I Ladies' $75 4 , , . , .
a Ladies' at $2,50 $3.00 and $ 1.OD go on bargain
worth $1.00 to im
Fancy satins' gros grains im ARE NEARLY BEYOND BELIEF , squats on main floor and in basement at
port dopaitment , 1n dress goods 39c ported foulard' finest g lace in the Staple wol , ld standard at such ridiculously mcrchnndisewasnever low prices. sold by any dry goods boost Soils for Suits for Worth Worth $2.50 $ $3,00 $
at 80e yard. . . . . . . . taffeta , bengaline , black bro. Full stn ndardBleached Extra fine Worth
_ _ _ _ _ _ ne quality 54,00
- caded silks , also fancy waist Muslin for 3.c that is ' Chambra
$1.50 Dress Goods 69ci 2 C dress Gingham 34C . r
patterns in plaids , brocades worth 7C. . . . . . . , . . -all yard. new They sty . a' GREAT CLEARING SALE to , '
Covert cloths Broadcloths are lone min
" Camel's hair , plain im ' and stripes , All the well known brands remnants cheap at 12c and would be , I r
ported honriotta and : LADIES SKIRTS AND WAISTS " .
.nryr
p serge , a11 from this Pur 9 on bargain 49 of 7c , Sc and iCc Bleached Large he a V y Tlirkldh
chaBC worth $1,50 square at 49C Muslin , all an one bargain t able '
( at lfleyard ' . . . . . . ' . . . . . . . . . and . . . . . . . . at 6e yard Towels , 5c each , worth Ladies' Ladies'
1 y tl full standard 1 1 - c . . . . . . . , . . . . . . . . - White Duck "a. t
$2,25 Black Goods $1,25 $ bleached Muslin , made right 3 Checked Toweling , 18 Skirts- White Duck
tl iii 5215 h binclr class novelties gouda , just In im- 25 ; $1,00 $ , Silks at 39c hero 31 c yard iu our . . own . . . . . elate . . . . . , . . at . . . . . . . 2 inches wide , C yard , C Well made , li. 4 y 4 Suit- , . . . . . . .
n ortod far this falls t Large assortment of waist 6111s roll standard Apron worth 5c. Z good material , f . / Blazer coat this misses' 2,000 pairs and Moloney children's Bros shoes , Rochester made
trade , plain and mixed worth $1.00 ' the fanciest ,
effects _ , on sale at in plaids , stripes and brocades Checked Gingham 33 Large bony y Huck + ' year's styles , worth finest , prettiest and daintiest and these highest
t $1..e yard , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , 8 , . , . . . , . Towels ° no at ' a $3. 00 , g0 at grades of shoes made In America , really
- - - also foulards , 27-inch Japan8 C Yard , Ge each , worth c , made to retail for up to $3.oo , an giros , all
Black Best Sttindn'd Priitsrtlll ; 12C yard. , . . . . . . . . . . . . ft widths , go on Sale on bargain square on
a and silks and I .
crepolld ese dark colors' 3 i c 31/C main floor at 76c 8 1.00 $ L.5 and $1.50.
other rough effects , white brocades , yarn . . . . . . . ' . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Very heavy cotton ! ; 98C Such fine shoes were never s eon in Omaha 1
for skirt and entire all on sale at 39c 3G ittch fine India L'inohs 1 Summer Blankets 75c , + before' on onto at
t
yard. suits , . at . . $1.49 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39c y ord. . . . . . . . yard go atbic . . . . . 2 . each worth $1,50 ' , . . . + t 15c 9 Sl 4 $1 25 $ I 50
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
BOLIVIA'S ' FAMOUS NINES
N
! Rioheat Eilver Doposita of the World in the
Bowels of the Andes ,
HAVE PRODUCED BILLIONS OF BULLION
$ CcIICs and Aicldents in the Miming
Towns and CampM-A Ynnlrce
Sniefing Works Punting Out
a lined , nmc I'roflt.
( Copyright , 1893 , by Frank G , Carpenter , )
ORURO , Bolivia , June 23 , 1898-Special (
Correspondence of The Bee.-Oruro ) is one
of the great mluing centers of Bolivia.
There are rich deposits of silver and tin in
the Andes all about It and the work goes
on in the mines night and day. There are
rich copper mines on the Desaguadero river ,
not far train here , and the whole country ,
in fact , seems to be a bed of valuable mm-
orals. In the IluannnlVnh ( wah-no ) tin
district there is a conical mountain , which
bas a network of tin veins , ht some of
which the pare ore has been followed down
from the top of the mountain a distance
of 600 feet. In the Avecaya district , near
this , the tin lodes nro from one to three
loot thick and now and then contain great
masses of solid tin ore. Other veins are
from six to eight feet wide In places , and
some of the ore is so pure that it is shipped
to Europe as it comes from the mines. Other
ore iq crushed by means of rocking stones
and le smelted on the spot in little blast
furnaces and run into fifty-pound pigs. All
of these tin mines are situated at least
14,000 , feet above the sea.
Richest Dimes of tl , 1Vorld.
Bolivia bas perhaps the richest silver
mines on earth , She has produced a vast
amount of the silver now in the world , and
did the price of silver rise she would again
good the markets with her product. There
are today in ( Ito dumps of the abandoned
minea of this country millions upon millions
of ounces of sliver which One machinery
may some time reduce at a profit. The
methods of mining have been wasteful in
the extreme , and the high freight rates
now prevent anything but the richest
ores i being touched. The tin and silver
bearing territory of Bolivia is about
, ,600 miles long and 210 miles wide , It
runs clear through the mountainous parts
of the country from south to north and
overywbero throughout it , at distances from
Ofteen to twenty miles apart , may bo seen
those abandoned mines , which were worked
by the Spaniards. In 1846 the number of
those mines was estimated at 10,000. , Few
such mines wore exhausted , 'rho Spainards
forced the Indians to labor in them , and
they burrowed through the earth , taking out
only ( ho richest parta of the veins , The
owners gave one Ofth of which they mined
to the Spanish crown , and It is known that
between the time of the coming or the
Spaniards to Bolivia and the year 1800 the
country produced more titan three and ono-
third billion dollars in silver , From 1800
to 1825 , when llollvia secured its ludopcnd-
once of Spain , $87,000,000 were taken out of
the mines , and up to the present 1t must
be , I should say , a very low estimate to
say that Ilolvla ( has given the world the
enormous amount of $4,000,000,000 worth of
silver , The greater part of this metal came
, from the famous silver mountain of Potosl ,
the mines of which have produced more than
$3,000,000,000 worth of sliver. Today the
Potosi mues ( are to alarge extent exhausted ,
and the town , which bad at one time more
than 100,00 ( ! people , bas now hardly one.
fourth of that number.
TLe l'restifo4t'e Snap ,
( AS present Oruro to fat reatett as a Iola.
P
lag center than Potosi. There are some
very rich mines here , and ono not far from
the city has netted the present president of
Bolivia a fortune. This mine is called the
San Jose. It was , I am told , discovered by
a Seotchman named Andrew Penny , who
came out hero years ago as a common me-
chanic. lie was a drunken sort of a fellow
and was by no means particular as to the
character o1 his female friends. At least
ho married an Indian and was living with
her when his mine began to produce fabulous -
lous amounts. It continued good and soon
made him very wealthy , He invested some
of his surplus in an estate in the old country -
try and then died. By the Bolivian law ids
estate went to his wife and to his adopted
son , who was a half-breed. The widow concluded -
cluded to go to Scotland and see if she could
not capture the estate there. She failed ,
but her lawyer , who seems to have been as
little particular as was the old Scotebman ,
made the ancient Indian widow a proposal
of marriage and came back with her to
Bol'la to live. The old woman soon died ,
and the now president of Bolivia was the
lawyer who settled the estate Ifo did this
in such a way that for a consideration the
Scotch lawyer husband withdrew , leaving
the balance of the estate , including the mlno.
to the president and the adopted son. The
president , I am told , now owns live-eighths
of ( lie mine , and he has from it an income
of something like 50,000 Bolivian dollars a
week , or more than 50,000 of our dollars
a month , The mine has ore in sight for a
long time to come , and as his excellency Is
the president , there is little danger of his
title being disputed ,
it Visit to a nolhlan Sliver Mine ,
Oruro is a mining town of 12,000 people.
It makes you think of the larger villages of
the valley of the Nile , save that there is
no green surrounding it. It lies at the edge
of bare gray hills in a desert. Tbo streets
are narrow. Most of them are unpaved and
most o1 the houses are of one story , thatched
with straw , The town water works are
mules who carry barrels of this precious
fluid about on their backs and a large part
of the population is made up of Qulchua
( Keecb-wa ) Indians. The most of the
miners are half breeds or Cholos , and as
minter is the chief industry you see Cholos
everywhere , There are also ealoons every-
where. You know ( Item by the little red
flags which are stuck in balls over their
doors , Just above the city on the mountain
is ( ho Chilean mine called Sacavon la Virgen.
This is a famous old silver mine which hoe
produced and is still producing vast quantities -
ties of silver , It has a capital of a million
and Its stock is worth. I am told , 250 per
cent above par. 1 visited it today , The
mine 1e managed by Englishmen , but the
work in it is all done by Bolivians. The
miners labor half naked in the tunnels , as
the mine Is like an oven and the means of
ventilation are poor. They lake out only
the best of the ore , and this , when brought
to the surface , is broken into little pieces
by Indian women , who sort out the best and
throw the poorer pieces away. There were
several hundred of these women at work at
( ho mouth of the mine at the time of my
visit. They squat on the ground and break
the ore with hammers. Nearly every one
of them was chewing coca , and I could see
the fat quids slicking out of the cheeks of
Innny of them. They work from daylight
until dark for what would be about 17 cents
of our money per day. The minors receive
about twice this amount. In all 700 hands
are employed , and this notwithstanding that
a great deal of the work is done by ma-
chinery. One of the odd things about the
alines Is the fuel. This mine is 600 miles
from the coast and 7,600 miles from the coal
mines of Australia , The result is that the
freight on coal makes it coat $6.60 per hundred -
dred weight , which Is too expensive for use.
Its place is taken by the fuel of the country ,
which is llama manure. This fa brought in
pa tbo backs of llamas to bags. It costa
about GO cents for 100 pounds and 7,600
pounds are required to run a forty horsepower -
power engine for twenty-four hours , In
company with one of the managers of the
mine , I went into the llama fuel pit , where
150,000 pounds of this stuff was stored. It
did not smell at all bad , and walking over
it was like tramping through gravel.
Silver Mining in Peru.
The silver mines of Peru are almost as
rich as those of Bolivia. There arc , I have
been told , about 2,000 different sliver minds
In that country , but owing to the low price
of silver only a few are now being worked.
At Hualgayoc , in northern Peru , just over
the western range of the Andes , there are
900 silver mines within forty square leagues.
Some of these mines produce as much as
300 ounces of silver to the ton , and the waste
dumps will average , I am told , at least sixteen -
teen unces per ton. The ore is mined by
Indians , who ire paid about 40 cents of our
money per day. Their only tools are ham-
mere , drills and rawhide sacks. They have
neither picks nor shovels , and they burrow
through the mountain tike rats , taking out
only the richest parts of the ore. They work
almost naked , wearing only breech cloths
about their waists , and as they work they
utter weird and melancholy cries. All of
the ore is carried out upon their backs. An
Indian will carry 160 pounds. He will climb
up ladders or notched sticks with such a
load of ore upon his back and will go off on
a dog trot with his burden. The ere Is
broken up into small pieces with hammers
by children. It is then ground by circular
atones being rolled about over it and then
mixed with quicksilver after the patio process -
cess by driving mules around through it.
These Hualgayoc mines are the ones which
Humboldt says produced $33,000,000 worth of
silver in thirty years , Much of the ore Is
now reduced to a sulphldo and taken on
mules to the coast and shipped to Europe
for further treatment.
Cerro de l'usco ) lines in 181)9.
The same sort of work goes on at the
famous Cerro do Pasco mines in the Andes
above Lima , and , is fact , in nearly all of
the silver regions of Bolivia and Peru , The
Cerro do Pasco mines which are now in
active operation number about 300 , and there
are 225 silver mines being worked at Yauli ,
on the Oroya railroad , about sixty miles
away. Cerro do Pasco has always been
thought to ho the crater of an extinct vol-
cano. It is situated about 19,000 , foot above
the sea , in one of the bleakest parts of the
Andes , The town , which is now only one
of abort 6,000 people , lies 1a a basin surrounded -
rounded by barren rocks. The deposits consist -
sist of a great body of low-grade silver ore ,
over a mile and a half long by three-quar
tore of a mile wide. This has been worked
down to a depth of about 250 feet , and
numerous tunnels have been run in at that
level to drain the mines. The great trouble
is the water , and further rnining can only
be done by lower tunnels or heavy pumps ,
Henry Meigge , the American engineer who
constructed so many great works in Peru
years ago , began a tunnel 160 feet below the
present levels. The work was stopped ,
however , at a distance of 000 feet from
the surface , and at present nothing is being
done. 'rho tunnel wilt need to be extended -
tended from 00 to 1,800 feet further before
ore is struck , and at the present low price
of sliver there Is Itttle prospect of this be-
log attempted. Within a short time there
has been something of a revival of the ell
ver industry at Cerro do Pasco , owing to
the copper ores lying under the low-grade
silver ores , and the camp today is more one
of copper than of ether. In the past the
Corro de Pasco mines have produced enor.
moos quantities , Between 1630 and 1824
27,200 tons of pure silver were taken out of
them , and the dumps of the mines , if they
were scientifically worked , would bring a
fortune. Twenty years ago Cerro do Pasco
was turning out more than 1,000,000 ounces
of silver a years and 1 am toldt that $ G0-
G00.0 00 worth of shyer sraa taken put krom
under the ground on which the town of
Cerro do Pasco now stands. These mines
were discovered in the seventeenth century
by an Indian. He camped out one night
near the site of Cerro de Pasco. Before going -
ing to sleep he built a dire upon some
stones and awoke to find that his stones bad
melted and that a lump of silver slag had
taken their place.
An American Smelting Works.
The biggest Yankee enterprise I have
found In a mining way south of the equator
is the smelting works of the Backus and
Johnston company at Casapalca , Peru , This
company is composed of Mr. J , Backus , a
Brooklyn man , who is a nephew of the
famous engineer , Meiggs ; Mr. J. H , Johnston -
ston , of Bath , who came out here to work
on the Meiggs railways , 9nd Captain H.
Guyer , the owner of the Ouyar Springs in
Idaho , who is well known as a practical
miner and mining engineer in our western
states. Backus and Johnston made a nice
thing in establishing a brewery at Lima ,
They Imported machinery for it from the
United States add made money from the
start , They sold ( ho brewery some years
ago to an English syndicate for $500,000 in
gold. They have since been dealing in
mines , and have put a great deal of money
into their smelter. This is situated at Casa-
palca , on the Oroya rallrohd , away up in
the Andes , ninety-five miles from the sea
and 13,606 feet above It. The works run
night and day , and I am told that they
smelt to as good advantage as any establishment -
lishment of the United States. The superintendent -
tendent of the smelter is Mr. Frank Pierce ,
the son of Richard R. Pierce , of the well
known Argo Smelting works of Denver , and
the smelting is done after much the same
plan as that of the Argo. The company also
has extensive silver mines at Casapalca ,
Captain Guyer told me that the profits of
the mines and works during the last year
were more than $100,000 , whllo the profits
of the year preceding were even greater ,
About 600 men are employed , and the company -
pany controls the town of Casapalca , which
has grown tip about the works , The smelter
was originally started on a small scale to
work over the dumps of the Rye and other
silver mines , of which there were something
like 20,000 tons at this point. Then the
company bought the Rye copper and silver
mine , and took a ten years' lease of the
Carlos Francisco mine , Both of these mines
had been worked from the surface for many
years. Backus and Johnston decided to run
a tunnel into the mountain and strike the
orq body 1,700 feet below the upper work-
ings. They did this , but failed to find hay
dirt in the Rya. A tow months ago ( lie
tunnel was pushed on into the Francisco
rein , and here a very rich body of ore was
struck. I was shown specimens of the ore
at Casapalca , The vein Is seven feet wide ,
and twenty inches of it aseaye , I am told ,
160 ounces of silver to the ton. The tunnel
is 3,000 feet below the outcroppings of the
ore , and it is believed that some rich
pockets will be struck in working upward.
This mine is worked after ( lie approved
American fashion , The tunnels have railroad -
road tracks in them , and the ore , when
brought to the surface , is sent to the mills
on a gravity tramway ,
Smelling fur the 1'ernvlnns ,
In addition to their own ore the Backus
and Johnston company does alarge business
in smelting for the mines of Vault and of
Cerro do Pasco , The ore is carried from
forty to seventy-five miles to the smelters
on the backs of llamas , Each of the llamas
carries about 100 pounds , and they are driven
hero by the Indians in horde of from twenty
to fifty , It is not an uncommon thing for
1,200 llamas to be unloaded in a day at
Casapalca , and the yards of the smelter ,
wwere full of these curious beasts during the'
whols of p 'y slay , It lakes the llamas ten
days to 4nako the round trjp from Cerro do
Pascp an4 abb it two dayq from Yaull , It ifs
one of the curious features of freighting in
the Andes that although yauli is on4ho line
of the railroad , just twenty-five miles from
the smelting works , the ore can be brought
that distance more cheaply on llama back
than on the cars. In the same connection
eggs and vegetables are sometimes carried
down the mountains to the markets of the
lowlands on llamas , although the railroad
almost parallels the route of the llama trail.
There is another large smelter at the cad
of this railroad , at Antofagasta , on the sea.
This smelter belongs to the famous Huan-
chaca Silver Mining company , which produces -
duces the greater part of the silver of Do
livla today. The smelting works are of vast
extent , comparing In szo ( with any in the
United States. They have cost about two
and one-half million American dollars , and
smelt the ores of this company exclusively ,
It is a magnificent establishment and Is
now well managed.
Gold Mining in Peru and Ilohiria ,
I have already said something about gold
mining In Bolivia. There is one thing
which I failed to mention , and this applies
to silver mines as well. This Is the dim-
culty which I am informed exists of holding -
ing on to a good mine here without a lawsuit -
suit , Many of the notary publics , through
whom the mines when discovered are taken ,
are said to be entirely unscrupulous , and
it is almost impossible to prevent fraud ,
A common thing is for the notary to issue
papers to himself for the same properly
and to ante-date them. If the mine turns
out good he claims it by right of a prior
title. Another method Is to leave some important -
portant clause out of the papers , so that it
will furnish a ground for a defect of title ,
and a third method is to forge papers
claiming and substantiating a prior title ,
I beard ( ho other day of such papers being
brought in evidence , in which the water
marks on the paper showed that the paper
was made at a later date than that at
which the writing upon it was purported to
have been filed , I am told that there are
today but few mines of value in Bolivia
which are in the hands of foreigners which
have not lawsuits connected with them , and
it behooves the American who comes here
to watch his titles very carefully and to
beware of trusting any one further than ho
can help. In Peru I understand that the
mining laws are more carefully worded and
that the chances of fraud are considerably
less.
less.NhT flue Spanlurds Made Fortunes.
As to the existence of gold almost everywhere -
where in these Andean mountains there
is no doubt , but the finding of it in paying
quantities Is a different thing. The
amounts of treasure gathered by the Indians -
dians before the days of the Spaniards and
since then have given a false idea of the
richness of the country. In the days of
tko Incas these Indian chiefs , called Icings
by the Spaniards , had the masses as their
slaves. They could put thousands of them
at gold washing in the various rivers , and ,
though each man got but little , the aggregate -
gate was large. Thcro was little wear and
tear on the god ) thus gathered , It was
not used as money and but little of it went
into the lands of the common people. It
accumulated as the ornaments of the no
bits and as decorations in the temples ,
and was consequently found in great quart-
titles when the Spaniards came. The
Spaniards themselves used the Indians as
slaves and worked them so hard that today
the Indian population of both Bolivia and
Peru is not one-tenth of what it wan at
the time of the invasion of Pizarro. The
mineral region least prospected is that on
the eastern side of the Andes. These parts
of the country have been worked far years
by savage Indians , who still bring the gold
Ito the settlements and dispose of it la the
way of trade. The Indians are hostile
to foreigners and drive them out
of their territory. The banks of tire
dyers are covered with a dense vege-
tattca , and the climate le In most parts
malarlous and very unbealthfui. Tbbre are
Iplacgr mines worked by the Iadiand on the
Maranon , the Beni and Santiago rivers , and
on the latter I am told that the gravel often
pans out two ounces to the yard , Many of
the mountain streams were paved by the
Incas'durlog the dry seasons , when the water
was low. The floods brought the gold down
from the mountain and this was caught in
the cobbles and cleaned up when the waters
went down. I traveled for some days with
an English mining engineer named Sharp ,
who has been sent out here by some London
capitalists to investigate certain properties.
Said he : "So far as I have gone , and I
have traveled extensively in the central
parts of Peru , I find that the gold ledges
are few and far between and very uncertain
ns to extent. The free gold has been pretty
well worked out , and what is left is in iron
pyrites , copper pyrites and arsenical pyrites ,
from which it is dimcult to extract it. The
mines are pockety and uncertain. Such
mining as is done by the Peruvians is after
the most wasteful methods. They use the
arastrla process and hose at least one-third
of the gold. "
FRANK G. CARPENTER. .
GOSSIP AiIOUT NOTED J'I.OPLIO.
The explorer Dorchgrevinlc is about to sail
from London for South Victoria land and
the seas and islands between there and Aus-
tralia. Ills ship , the Southern Cross , was
designed by the builders of the Fram , and
has ten feet of solid oak at its bow , the
weakest part being thirty-two inches in
thickness , Borcbgrevlnlc will take with him
a flock of carrier pigeons , supplies for three
years and sixty-five Siberian sledge dogs.
It Is said that the Into Prof. Cohn of
Breslau , the famous botanist , thus opened
his course of lectures on botany : "The four
chief constituents of plants are : Carbon , C ;
oxygen , 0 ; hydrogen , Ii , and nitrogen , N ,
Thea writing down these four letters , with
apparent carelessness , on the blackboard-
COHN-Ice smiled , observing : "It Is clear
that I ought to know something about
botany , "
. -
The earl of Mlnto , the new governor general -
oral of Canada , as Viscount Melgund , was
military secretary to Lord Lansdowne when
he was governor general of Canada. "The
Impression Lord Melgund left in Canada , "
says the Toronto Mall and Empire , "was
distinctly favorable to him , lie was a
pleasant , genial gentleman , as well as a
good soldier , Ills return as governor general -
oral to occupy Rideau ball , where thirteen
years ago ho lived as secretary' to another
excellency , will be quite welcome. "
The will of the late George A. Pillsbury
of Minneapolis bequeaths $260,000 to the
Pillsbury academy , Various Baptist lnsll
tutions receive $26,000 , and $6,000 each Is
given to the Northwestern Hospital for
Women and the New Hampshire Centennial
Home for Aged Women , The will also requests -
quests that the widow shall bequeath $20,000
to Pillsbury academy as a Margaret Pillsbury -
bury fund , the 'ncomo ' from half to go to
the aid of worthy young melt and women „
from $5,009 tot rizes and from $5,000 $ to-
the support of the Ilbrary , She is also requested -
quested to hegieath $5,000 to the Hospital
association of Concord , N , II ,
There is widtrpread regret in Cincinnati
over the death of Frederick H , Alms , the
millionaire Try goods merchant anti phllan.
lhropist of that city. lie served through
the civil war with distinction and at its
close went into business , lie was parson.
ally identified with many of the great huei-
ness enterprises of Cincinnati and was a
director in a number of charitable instltu-
lions , being a generous contributor to many
of them. As a patron of music and the fine
arts ho was also widely known. lie was a
mainstay in the support of the May musical
festivals and director of the Orchestral as-
docfatlon. Only recently ho resigned as
prssideat of the Saengerfest board , although
ho retained his position In the Board of
Directors.
Emperor William of Germany dislikes
nothing more than to see his ofilcers excited
or in the least ruined at parade or maneuver.
Ile frequently had occasion to criticise
old General von Meerscheldt
on that account -
count and at a recent review in Berlin the
kaiser reprimanded him for hosing his self-
control at a trying moment.
"If your majesty thilnks that I am getting -
ting too old I beg of you to allow me to
resign , " . t
"No , no , " replied the kaiser , "t
too young to resign. Indeed , if your blood f
lldn t course through your veins guile , so ,
fast you would be a moro useful army
leader. "
On the evening of that day the kaiser and
( ho general met , at a court ball. The general -
eral was talking to some young women , who ,
for lack of room , were not dancing.
"Ah , Meeracheblt , " cried William. "that
is right ; got ready to marry. Take a.young
wife , then that excitable temnernment of
yours will soon vanish. " , , ,
The general bowed low as ho retorted :
'I beg to be excused , your mnje ty ; , a young i'
emperor and a young wino would be more . , ' }
than I could possibly staml , " l
LAIIOII. ANI ) INAU8'1'lty' , 'r"
American pipe founders have received a 1
contract to furnish 1,000 tons of water pipe
to Glasgow.
The war has created a shlphuilding boom
in the United Stales and the Maine shipyards -
yards again resound with the sound of the r
hammer.
The Illinois Steel company has refused
large orders for rails to ho delivered within
three months , being unable to produce them
within the required time ,
Dates ore us yet entirely imported , there t
behig none grown commercially In title
country. Last year the hnporhitlon of this
article nmounted to 12,226,110 , pounds , vai- '
tied at $286,017. Tamarinds are in the same
class , although their annual importation is
comparatively insignificant , amounting only }
to $2,000 in value.
The masons' laborers of the Laborers'
Union Protective association of Now York ,
8,000 strong , have just concluded the annual
agreement between the union and the Mason
Builders' association for the next year , 'Jhio
wages are fixed at 30 coats per hour , eight ' .
hours to constitulo n clay's work , and no
strike can ho ordered until the questions hr
dlsputo have been considered by a joint arbitration -
bitration board composed of employers and
employes ,
In the differences existing between the
operators mul miners at I'ana , III „ the stale
board of arbitration line decided that 33
cents gross weight per ton for mine run
should ho paud , all supplies except powder
to be furnished by mine owners , and that
thin G per cent discount for cashing coupons
should be abolished , The decision of the
hoard line been accepted by the minors , S
while the operators announced that they
woukl not be bound by any declelop of the ,
state board whatever.
Tim boot and shoo manufacturing business
in this province of Quebl'o is olio of consld- r '
erabio magnitude and growing importance
Quebec is the elioo manufacturing province
of the Dominion , as Massachusetts is of the
United States , and the Industry is almost
wholly centered in the cities of Montreal
and Quebec , Employment is given to between -
tween 9,000 and 5,000 men , boys , women
awl girls and the weekly pay list amounts
to between $25,000 and $30,000 ,
The annual report of the British Amol-
gamated Society of Engineers ( whoso strike
for an eight-hour day last year attracted
world-wide attention ) for 1897 , which bas l
just reached this country , shows how far
afield those people were who predicted a
speedy break-up of this powerful labor union -
ion , According to the report thu membership -
ship during the last year has grown from
87,155 , to 91,419 , and during the samu period
the income of the organization was $4,320-
255. The amount spent on the great lockout -
out reached the enormous aura of $3,461,095 , ,
and this , with $100,000 borrowed during the
dispute , heaves a balance of $170,009 in tbd
treasury of the society ,