12 TUB OMAHA BAITjY BEE : TIIXJUSDAY , FEBIUJAliY rt , 1898.
WHERE MOSAIC LAW RULES
A.n Odd London Court in Web Many
Disputes Are Settled.
ANCIENT CUSTOMS IN MODERN TIMES
InlprmHnpr Druprlpllmi < if n .
il , " Whorrln
Arc AI ml
Ullll DNlMIHI-ll Of ,
T-ONDON. Jan. in. Hidden away In a
corner of St James place acul Jesac In the
Kant end Hi ids ) a curious old red brick
building , the large open door of which con
ceals < : hn quaintest and most Impressive
fragment of King Solomon's wisdom that It !
possible to Imagine. There It Is that the
Jews of England bring tlidr numerous
troubles and grievances to bo decided accorJ-
Ing to thi- laws thi t hcvc held sway for the
last 5,000 } ears laws which , ov.cn < o this
day , nre powerful enough and just enough
to bind one of Ihls earth's most emotional
people.
Twlco a week Dr. Adlcr , the chief rabbi
of the English Jcxvs , In conjunction with his
two assessors or , to bo mow correct , Da-
nnlra , holds u court , at which ever ) thing
relating 'to tbc Jetvlsh laws Is settled frcu
of clia-go. This court Is called the "Ilcth
Din , " which , being translated , means "House
of Judgment , " and Is one of the many that
ore hell In all parts of the world where the
Jews hi.ve settled.
Thrsii rnurU found the'r origin with Moses ,
nnd in his 'time ' were governed and con
ducted In much the Fame manner as the
ono wl Ich Is now presided over by the chief
rabbi and his assessors ,
In a largo room on the first floor those
Bceklng advlco nnd Julgnient assemble
sometimes to the nunibcr of 200 In n com
fort ble waiting room , th-re to think over
their c mplali/.s and excuses before a cheer
ful fire. The doorkeeper IP kes down their
nam s and tcspet.lve charges , and ( ben
THD ( JUINTRST COIUT ROOM IN1 THUVOKLD. . IT IS HULD IN \ SECLUDED
COHNElfj OF LONDON , WHCHG THE LAWS OF MOSG3 AllE SHLL , ADMIN
ISTERED.
proceeds to usher them. In their proper
tuin , be-fore the court sitting upstairs.
To this couit loom you go , and there flnd
thu reverend doctor seated In the cen'er ,
supported on either side by his two col
leagues. Jurors , counsel and warders are
consp'cuous ' by tlirlr Absence , while the
Bolemu silence ot the room occupied by
these pitrlnrchal fathers gradual ! } bKts out
tlio modern effect and loaves before the
mind's cjo a reminiscent vision of the robed
Itrle&ts who years ago dispensed justleo
under similar laws to those under which it Is
now 'being dispensed. No unnecessary noise
Is made the evidence Is heard , the defense
Is made , the litigants retire , the Judges con
sult , and , in an incrrdll.Iy bhort time , thu
decision Is given Everything Is carried
on with as much harmony and decorum as
possible : there are no "s | > ic > " details In
dulged In , and as each .ind all disputes aie
lieaid In camera no one goes to the lleth
Din otherwise than on the strictest "busi
"
ness
Anthing and everthing lies In the juris
diction of thin couit , provided that It be not
crlmlial Religious and ritual queatlonj aio
Ec'tled dlcMry laws explained , saerb ! ot
meat examined , and butchers licensed. The
si-pivisors ! of the passover bread are np-
po'nted ' , and , In fact , an ) case from debt to
breach of promise , from cssiult to libel and
Blinder 1s adjudicated upon.
Thnush tinlUth Din glvis Mine weighty
vei diets. Its decisions are not legal , and as
* mh ca not bo enforced. Indeed , the enl )
thing the litigants have to do Is to olsn
n japcr BUt ng that the ) arc willing to abide
bv the Judgment given lint so fair , o
Jionorablu. and so perfectl ) Just are these
urdlc'a that ovei 95 per cent ot them are
Accepted UH llnil , and are , moreover , otoervcd
to the very letter.
r.ut the pilnclpal function of the court Io
to te-ider advice In d Illcultlcs of all kinds.
Widows , who have ! o.n their breadwinners
end who crave a recommendation to hive
ithclr children reaiel in the Jew.V 1 cnpltal
at Norwood , dcbeitid wives whose husband"
luivo lied to the "stiles , " not from irallce ,
but l.i quest of employment , } ouths who de-
no an Intnauction to some employer whcro
thes will not be called upon to dececrato
their ? ahbath ; ImmlgrantB who have dis
covered , with bitter disappointment , that the
etree : s of Limlm aio not n-ived with goli
and who wish to be fcut back to their na
tive couiiti ) , all como. Effective counsel U >
voi them and the greater numbci of the
PpllLn-lB aie refeired to the active and
bptiellct'iH ' Jewish IlouJ of Ouardlans In
Svidcgftte street
Ai ma ) well bo Imag'ned the bend of
cuclrn couit nuibt have a tnorough knowl-
nlRc'Ot human natuic a sii ! ] > ithetlc bond
In comiron with hU follow men , and , by no
ancar.3 least Important , inuiit ho a competent
linguist ciualtllcatlons which Dr. Adler pcvs-
ecs.ea ! ii an eminent dCRico
IIOMI : IMCI > ! ( vnovs.
Q'lt I [ I tllC ClII'tHTK Of II I.UIlIK ItlXIIII
Slneo steam ueut anil faimccs have , for
economical folks , put the cheerful ( inwpcrl
of glowing , Inviting fliesldu out of the
question , women who take gic.it Inteiest In
theli cot ) home decoration have turned their
attention to the beautllng ( of coiners
A pretty , aiilsttc nnd luxurious corner In a
little Elttlng room has all the beguiling charm
of a bright , clean-swept hearth , and eucli
carncis " > woman can l < uo for the saku of
o Httlo palut ) and a llttlo outla ) . She aud u
not vciy acconullshod carpenter can , as ono
accairtailng ; ) sketch shows , select a corner
made by thu Jutting of a chimney and the
( iipuslto.uall. and drose It most cliannlngl )
1'or a few dollais the maci of himiuorii nnd
BUUH f.nn fit lu a faeries of shelve * ugilnst
ihe wall , and bcnt-ath vrect a low framu-
\vorK un ulilc.li to rest a woven who mat-
tlODS
Tills is all ho ic illy need do , for his em-
jiliijcr tun oltlir. 1 eraelf stain or palm her
t'.itlvfB , aiTHii'te ' lici boooks tucreon , place
< lu n l B l > 'd mi the frame and lay over
< ! iat u cotton mrltrc s costing fioino $3 or $1.
Iliut , ulth p | Io vs , a few llttlo plctmos and
cover made c' a Ilcllaglo rug , she has a
ilhnii cornet th t would tempt the sternest
to loposn and good humor ,
Not a bit mere expensively need she nt
KI another anflei with a corner bookcase
Oho virtues ot this ( ilcca of furulture have
not } et rumu to be pioperly realized , BO that
on -canienter , not a furnltuio dealer , ono
must luly for en an ' .n bookcase. Ho ran
build It ' ! ; > n * iour shelven lilgli , cut across
< lie couicr v\l't ' a client ) Ocrman-i'lato mir
ror , ! : : ccs ivlnj 36 by 12 inches , and then
bino ( lie nl ti fi pf Ihe Uoute add Iho trim
mings , Ihitt is , still ) plaiu pine sbulvs a
wrm bro vn or clear cherry , flt on cither
Ido of th ( > mirror email and Inexpensive
Mack Iron eraores < o hold llttlo ) ellow can
dles , aud i ssllly bang thin llglit-bluo ullk
curtains befof her books , The top ot ( ha
book-case filie can devote to bric-a-brac ; a tall ,
creaw-coloud plaster Vcnui la the corner
with blue bows end pet photographs to left
and rltjlil ,
Every family sHlIng room with a man
In It ought to ha\c a smoker's corner thai
In , on ea.iy chair , a amokcr's st-ind , a tall
lamp , and the odiVi and cnrVi d man lUes
to have at hand when ho tskes his taac. For
really It Is surprising how Invlttog and
decorative a smoker's corner can t > o made
It It ils propcrly lreated.
Call your big "bay window O liouspke > er ,
It } ou hav one , i sun narlor , and don't sc
curtsln It that a single ray of RUnllglitwill
bo shut out ITKC thin .vollow llk for hangIng -
Ing at the glass and below I'jc window run
a good bread dhelt tLat the cver-uecful cr-
pcnle-r can bul'd. Cushion this , cover It
with clear } cllow denim , for It Is cheap ,
and then In nil -the Blades of blue envelop
} oJr pillows- Then this will be ns bright
a spot In the room B an rot'ii wood Ore.and
ked ) this maxim In mind give a good dell
of thought to' the frurorners of your sit
ting room , and the rest of the apartment
will take eare of Itself , for It l.s thp perVc-
tlon oT the corners tlat makes beauty cad
conifoi t. < .
SOMIJ .Miiua\i : roiNTnus.
lioni > 1'rpxpiil 'I J i > liolit Voter In
llucol DlMtrlcli.
Typhoid fevtr Is the tVaguo of the oouutry
dHrlcts , ca > s the Mc.llcal Record. In a
ceita' i locality In Michigan where accurate
BfUlstlcs were kept It was found that In nn
area in which the people used well water
there were Just twenty-six times as many
cases In propiIon ! as there were lu a city
district all of whose Inhabitants used a Lake
Surerlor water In Pennsylvania 1 th'nk
that tfoo avciago Is fully as high , at least
It would reach ten to iltteen times more
for the country , than for the cities.
There Is no Mb'ngcr a question that the
prevalence of This rural t.vohold arises from
the fact that'the i ciMil itlon depends upon
polluted well-water and thtt the wells are
Infecteil from privies which one time or an
other have hold t.iolil | o\crtU ) cud Infected
the surrounding ground water.
Wells might not bo eo bad were It not for
the fact that the ground water Infected with
tphold puritieser > nlowly.
To eliminate' this disease It Is plain that
we lave to eliminate ine or the other means
of Infection , , either the well or the i.'lvy
vaulta which \iave piflioned the waters.
It will bq a Uaid and thankless task to get
reo.ilf > to give Up their orivj vmilts and use
earth closrtb and It will be n matter of rnauv
} ears' teaching before the ) do It.
On tho. oihsr hand , changing the water
sui < ? lj Is comraiativoly tas ? ) and meets with
more general approval. A good many of the
small villages aie already working In this
dlieetion by attempting to procure a public
Mpply from some neighboring fprlng and b )
this means they hope to- meet the difficulty ,
but a public bLDply , sucM as Is generally f.ir-
ulslied to snail tov.ns , very often becomes
, Jlluted , and the dangci Is worse than ever.
Then. too. a public supply Is comparatively
costly.
i There is another way , however , to bridge
1 the dllllculty successfully nnd cheaply nnd
tl'at is by siib'tltutlng chtorns for the old
wells Uy this means tphold fever m-ay be
1 eliminated more quickly and more thoroughl )
i from ruial districts than by any other
method.
| The problem of using cistern water has
been carefull } studied , and wo are able to
tell Just exactly the sl/.e of the cistern , the
amount of collecting suiface. etc. , necessary
for any given family , calculated for the
known rainfall of the district Tor exam
ple. If the loot surface contains 1,000 square
feet and if the rainfall is tlilrty-aevon Inches ,
about 20,000 gallons of water will bo col
lectible nnnua.l ) , which at ten gallons a
head dally Is more than sufllcient for the
wanta ol' an ordlnar ) fnmil ) . For a yearly
jiold of this amount the cistern need not be
excessively largo , for the rain does not all
come down at once A cistern five feet deep
and ton feet in diameter will hold about
2,000 gallons. This vvl'l probably last more
than a month , nnd before it Is exhausted
there will likely bo more rain to add to the
supply , for it Is rare that a month passe. ,
without some prec'pltatlon. '
It we rely on the cistern to eliminate t-
phold fever , we must pay pome attention to
| Its corslructlem , for only on Its ability to
i Keep out soil' water rests the superiority of
the. clstorn over the well. If carefully made
of bricks and thoroughly cemented It will
bo pi oof in most cases against this contami
nation from the soil. I know personally of
such a c'stern ' which was made twenty-live
} eaia ago , flnd is still as good as ever.
Cistern water generally has a peculiar
flavor arising finm the decomposition of
vegetable materials which get into the water
from the collettiag surface This may b
avoided In a great measure by keeping the
cistern clean and 1 < ) a "cutoff , " so arranged
that the first washings from the roof are
turned Into the street , or If thought neces
sary the water may bo filtered.
In order to filter cistern water all wo have
to do is to build a puitltlon In the cistern ,
with several holes at the bottom , connecting
with the two sides. Into the ono side Is
placed the filler , consisting simply of three
or four feet of coaruo eand or of laers
of giavol , polarlte and sand. Into this
side the loot leader empties and Into the
other dips the pump. Ily this means els
tern water may bo mode an palatable as
any other water , and obtained at much less
expense.
That the use of clstcin water will prevent
typhoid fove-r In rural districts Is not hypo
thetical , but a fact proved by experience
In a certain county In Pennsylvania , on ac
count of an underlying limestone formation ,
there Is a gjeat Inability to get good well
water , and ns a corseqiwnco the greater part
of the community uses cisterns , In this re
gion a careful study of the records of the
icsldont ph)8lclans has lecn made , and It
was fMinu that there was a marked absence
of Ophold foyer. .One of the towns In this
place , well known to the author , will servo
as an o\amplo of all the rest. Thla town of
L'.L'OO Inhabitants has for many years de
pended almost exclusively on cistern water
and as a result typhoid fever Is practically
an unknown disease , In the last twenty
years , so the oldest resident physician tells
me , there has not occurred ono caao of ty-
plicld fever among those exclusively using
rlstorn water , In all this time , moreover
theio have been very few cases of fever In
the whole tov\n , and every ono has been
traced to the UBO of well or spring water
The exact record for the last five years Is
three cases ot fever , which the attending
Physician would not call "true" typhoid.
Taking tlieso cases , however , to be typhoid ,
and counting ono death for every twenty
sick. It would make the death rate of tlito
community something like ono per 10,000
probably the lowest , at least ono of the low-
ctt , typhoid death rates over attained.
Here , then , is a town where the typhoid
sick rate Is hardly worth considering and
wlioro the death > rate Is almost nil ,
If all rural districts would give up their
wells and resort to the cistern the story of
this ODO town would be repeated every where
and rural typhoid would become an unknown
dleeasc.
Cook's Imperial Champagne , extra dry ,
nttu.rally fermented , nearly fltty years' rec
ord at a dtllcioiu Jrlnlo .
BLOOD-BOUGHT DISPATCHES
Perils , Sundries acd Ccoops of War Cor
respondents in the Fieldi
HOT WORK IN SEARCH OF NEWS
Ilrlrf 'Ilo\lp ' - of EMierlriitc nt K
portom nt tli - Pronl , In Trrnrlica
mid In Prisons iDiirltiK
i\Vork of Unite Moll.
The olory of the war correspondents
wh.ch the exigencies of our great chll war
w.led Into exl'tence has never been told ,
wrltca J. T. Scade In the Philadelphia Times.
Faithful to the Journals they represented ,
untir'og ' In the pursuit of such news as the
public required , and sharing all the hard
ships and dangers of campaign life , without
military rank or honoa : , they not Infre
quently played the double part of ooldlcr
and Chilian with credit to thercaelvca sad
the profession to which they boUuged. They
wltnccsed every plase of the struggles for
the union , from the secession of South Carolina
lina to Us restoration , from the fall of
Sumlcr to the fall of Tart Griffin at Eab'.nc
Paw from the murder of I.ndcl and Whitney
by the mob In Ualtlmore on April 19 , 1S81 ,
tt > the ner.icu nation of President Lacoln on
April 14 , 1863. They accompanied our urmlca
aril fleets and accurately recorded the stir
ring feats of arms and the noble examples
of valor , patriotism and self-de\otloa with
which our bra\o soldiers and sailors Il
luminated the lilstoo of the war.
At the outbreak of the war the leading
newspapers p'accd ' a corps of war corre-
ripondtcits In the field. They were fitted
out with a liotec and equipments , fle'd gHsi ,
a waterproof sabretache , cot , blankets and
bedding. The instructions were brief , but
comprehcrnl\e. They wore to obtain the
most accurate information by personal ob-
serwtlon. and for\\aid It with the Uttuost
d cpatch , regardless of expense , labor or
( Icucer.
Some of thceo men became an well knov.n
through the r pen names as nny general in
eltl'er army , and when peace came the }
found llttlo difficult ) In sliding Into snug
berth * In the edltor'al rooms , for which
some of them were not halt so well tilted
In order to do\elop to the highest po'nt thu
litci-iry ambition of the corps of correspond
ents who were twinrd Is the arm ) , their
respective journa s published their names at
the heads of the letterti which they for
warded from the arm'cs. In this way the >
p tabllshod Intimate personal relations with
the public , and thej made the fullest use
of their opportunities to win reputations foi
themsches. Sonic of them contributed to
the literature of the country some of lt&
best a-'d most esteemed wrlternand are the
real hlstorarb of the war , for without their
army correspondence the true history of the
war cannot be written.
VACATION'S IX PRISON.
Plnlcy Anlcison , one of the correspondents ,
was promoted to major and assistant ad
jutant general on General \Vlnflcld S. Han
cock's staff. While acting as correspondent
ho was captured on the Queen of the We t
and confined for fourteen months In a Teir.s
confederate prison , ten dajs of which werr
In a dungeon Into which not one oa > of ligh'
found its wa ) and in which he had for com
panlons five desperate murdeiers , two of
whom were negroes He was wounded in
ttie arm by a shell nt the battle of Siiotts > l-
\anla Court House. May 12 , 1SC3 , but will'
cl uractcrlbtlc pluck he continued to take
notes In the thickest of the light and yushed
en to Washington , where he dictated his
dispatches in time for the next day's Issue of
hla paper.
Albert D. Richardson and Junius Henri
Browne were captured while ll.atlng on bales
of h y In the Mississippi rher , opp-slle
Vlcksburg , on trie night of May 3 , 1SC3 , after
their boat had been exploded and buincd b )
the confederate batteries , and half the nw-
sons on the expedition killed or wounded.
They weie confined In seven different co1-
i'cdeiiUe prisons , the Richmond authorities
refusing their exchange , declaring that the\
should ha held during the war as hostage
and for retaliation. Richardson and Hro\\nc
csLOfed fiom the confederate orison at Salis
bury , N. C , on the nl&tat of December IS
18G4 , in company with William B. Davis ,
clerk of the Ohio ienate. They traveled 310
nlles through marshes , brush and forest and
over mountains In the snow at the peril of
their lives before reaching the union lines ,
fifteen miles from Knoxvllle , Tenn.
L. A Ilendrlck nnj George H. Hart verc
captured by Slcsby in November , 1SC3 , ana
r-ouftned in Castle Thunder , Richmond ,
where they enjoyed the company of thel
confieres , Solomon T. Dulkly , Ravenwooj
and Schloss , Anderson and Gatchell , tn
other war correspondents , and J. II. Vos
bursh , who wat > taken prisoner In May , 1SG3 ,
rn the RappahannoJf , were detained orj prip.
oners In other parts of the eon ederac )
During General Hanks' campaign In tin
Valley of Virginia George W. Clarke
another correspondent , fell Into the ham !
of the confederates at Winchester , bu
after a short detention was released b
Stonewall JacKson. J. C. Klt7pctrick , S
Cadwalladcr and L L Crounso were cup
tured by Mosby's guerrillas near FreJer-
Icksburg , while striving to reach Washing
ton with full reports of the battles In tlu
Wilderness , also complete lists of tlu
killed and wounded. Tnelr pipers were
taken from them , but they succeeded 1
making their escape , and , having rcachc
\Hsh ngtcn. wrote their Journals detailed
accounts of the battles they had wltnesrK-
from memory.
PLUCKED I1Y MORGAN.
General John Morgan captured William P
n "hanks and IJdwin D. Westfall the
southwest , and not only conflsoitcd thel
equipments and clothes , but also seize
their money and Je\\oliy. William Young
n correspondent with the Army of the Po
toinuc , was captured by General Stuart o
the confederate cavalry , but managed U
escape , and with hla usual energy brought
away with him a full 1'st of the federal
officers captured at Gettysburg. About th
same time , whileT , M. Cook was cnroutc
from Haltlmore to the army , he was cap
tured by a band of live confederate cavalrj
men near Cookestown. Whllo the confeder
ates were scarolilng him for papers
Thomas K. Knox , afterward agent of the
Western Press association , made a dnoli
nt the cavaliymcn , drove them off In th >
direction of 'Westminster and all three
entered Kredeilck In safety and proceedec'
to their positions In front. Westfall fel
into the hands of Morgan's cavalry , whe
also fanoioj bis valuables and money ; John
A. Drady , lost In a canebrake , turned up ro
editor in Mobile.
i > la7.i had u Uncased many a scene of august
pomp and many n glittering pageant. Mauj
4 priestly procraslon with solemn rites htn
: rod these cculptured stairs , and hero , doubt
less , en many a day famous In the annals
of the nation , the plumed w.irrlors of Co
returning with victorious banners , iowed
before the tlircwo where the monarch cat
In date and proudly reviewed them as the }
paired
It was not an uncommon thing for the army
correspondents to lend effective service < o
the commanding generals at very critical
moments , when ono gallant act might turn
the tide of battle. A few Incidents In the
career of one of these gentlemen , who had
been with General Thomas through all his
brilliant battles , will illustrate. Captain
Da\ld P. Conyngham did such signal service
at the bottlu of llesnca by carrying dis
patches under a withering fire across the
field from General Echotlcld to General Judab ,
and subsequently guiding a division into
action at a critical moment , that he was
personally congratulated on hla gallantry by
General Schofleld , and received a letter of
thanks from General Judah.
Oonynguani was wounded slightly In this
fight , and If ho had not been an army corre
spondent and had not carried his budget of
news in a portfolio inside his vest , which
turned the bullet , lie would not Imvo been
able 'to write hla graphic accounts of the
battle * of Chattanooga , Franklin and Nash
ville. Riding to the front In another action ,
ho was accosted by a general , yho seeing
him in civilian's drets , asked who he was.
Upon being informed , the officer remarked :
"I don't think newspaper correspondents
will go far In hero , " They were soon In a
hot Ore , and the general fell badly wounded ,
when the correspondent Raid. "You see , sir
that correspondents go farther than general
licre , " and quietly rode tothe front I
search of new * .
When Hood threatened Chattanooga , Con
yngham vclunucred hla services , and at th
batUo of Nashville fought for a time In th
trenches with his musket , though tcndexe *
n command. Instances might be multlpllc
of this kind in the case of this one cor
respondent alone. Ho was complimented on
the field of Chanceltorsvlllo his first grea
battle by General Meaghcr for his service
as volunteer aid , and had ono of his cm
ploycr's horses shot under him nt Urlstov
station ,
IN THE NAVY.
D. S. Osbonn , a. leading naval correspond
cnt , was twenty-sern times under lire nm
was eerbusly wounded seven times by bolt
and concussions Vhllo on board the Montau
and Hartford. Jit 'formerly ' commanded
vessel In the Itiionns Ajron navy and on- ac
count "f his experience In naval warfare wa
ever welcome on board the flagships of Ail
mlrals Utoont , Farragut and Porter. HI
letters from tho116atauk , when lying befor
Fort McAllister , In the Ogecchco river , wee
rcpubllshed In the Billclal payers of Russia
Denmark , Sweden and Prussia. Who
Pa mi gut ran th forts at New Orleans h
was the signal 'tiraocr la the rigging wit
him and was evcclally honored by Farrag'-il
by be'ng permitted Uo plant the first unlo
flag onthe w eat i bank of the Ml&ilssliu
above New Orleans.
A. Ki Fulton wiis nn engineer' on Ad
mlral Farragut'sonaRfihlp , the Hartford , an
furnished the earliest , fullest and men
graphic dcscr'ytlona-of all naval engagement
fought by the great commander at varlou
times on the Wabish. Nnhant , Illbb , Marble
head , Wcehawken , Mntauk , Ericsson an
other vessels of the navy , and during th
siege of Charleston and the attack on For
Sutntcr In April , 1863 , he witnessed the fight
and hla accounts of the engagement nttroctei
widespread attention and resulted in a con
trovcrsy between himself , Admiral Dupo-n
and the Navj derartment.
Thomas M Cook wit afloat on the flngshl
of Admiral Porter , poucll and book In ham !
and watched the bombardment of For
Fisher ; George W. Hosrner , In the hottes
of the great battle of GcUjsburg , was ful
of fire and facto In his ntut and accurut
accounts of that decisive conflict of the war
which was the flrgt account of that grea
victory ; Ohirles H. Farrcll distanced all hi
connetltors In hh account of the battle o
rulr Oaks ; William H. Stlncr shivered ou
on picket , dao and nights , for the last nn
federate newhruie'r ; Ashley and S M Car
Dcnter shared with tfie old Army of the
Potonia ; Rs glory and repulses ; Thoiras W
Kaox. "mlt Slgel" In Missouri , descilbcd th
brilliant bittle of Pea Ridge. i > ace Is In
sutficlent to mention the hundreds of others-
brave men all , who In the earnest , dl-clmrg
of their duty witnessed the bloodiest battle
of the war to tell the talc. Many of them
died in the telling.
Not excelled 1/y nny high-priced liniment
Salvation Oil , twentj-fivo cents a bottle.
TIIR"I'MMrr \ IJM s.
Wi ! > We KIKIM > .o I , | tl < - Mioiit llm
II < Mivrnllloclj
The planet Venus Is our nearest culcstlu
neighbor , the moon alone exceptod. Ant
yet our knowledge of Venus , as compnici
v i i tniu ot Mais , ia compaiatively small
This Is not because of the lack of eftort to
Inciease that knowledge , but to other came
bcjond our control , which are explained bv
Camlllo Flammarion in the Uulletln de Ir
Socicto Actronomlquo de Franco ( Paris , Oc
tuber. ) M Flnmmarion writes as follows
"When Venus is nearest to us , with a
telescope maguir > lng thirty times only , i
appears as large as the moon as seen will
the naked eye. An Instrument which mag
nlllea 300 times exhibits Venus to us tei
times larger In d'ametor than the moon
and a magnifying power of COO makt *
Venus twenty times larger than the moon
Instruments which magnify thus give grea
opportunities for telescope study , as the >
have produced marvelous results In the taw.
of Mars , a planet both farther from us am
smaller than Venus. In the case ot the
latter planet we are as jet not sure of any
thing.
"The reason of this Is the difficulty of ob
eervations. In the first place , tinc.o Venus
itvolvea around the sun in nn orbit interior
to ours , the time of its greatest proximit }
is When it passes between the sun and u.i
Its illuminated hemisphere is , natural ! }
alwas turned toward the sun. There re-
: esult phases analogous to the e ot the moon
The nearer Venus comes to the earth the less
we see o-f the surface. The farther It gett ,
away from us the more we ee of its sur
face , but the planet Is reduced to its nnull
evst apparent dimensions. A second cir
cumstance , not ICES deplorable for the suc-
es o our stud-en , is that Venus is sur
rounded by an immense atmosphere , twice ,
as dense and much higher than ours The
effect of this Is that we never can bo sun.
of anytliing we see on Venus. "
To demonstrate this , M , Flammarion gives
a summary , which cannot bo read wlthou :
amusement , of the results of observation
of Venus during nearly 250 years. The first
i eetver was Dominie Casslnl at Ilologiia In
IfiCG , who obaerveff what he believed to be . .
brilliant apot on Venus , and this spot he
continued to see until his death In 1721)
Hy the recurring appearance of th s hpot
Cahslnl calculated that Venus turned on its
"Ms once ! n less than a terrcfatlal day and
revolved In its orbit in nearly twent-three
das. Cafalnl's nou , smenty-thrce years
later , thought that ho , too , saw spots 01-
the planet. His calculation was that Venn. ,
rotated on its axis In twenty-three hourt-
and from twenty to twenty-two mlnutcn
Early in the seventeenth century another
Italiiii astronomer. Dlanchlni , thought h-
discovered a new set of spots , and he length
ened the time of rotation of Venus on its axis
Io twenty-tour dajp , eight hours. Then
fohaun Hieronjmus Schroler (17-1B-1816) ) dc-
"lored that he had discovered an Vcnuo
mountains six times higher than Chlmborazo ,
mil ho fixed the rotation of the planet on
ts axis at twenty-three hours , twenty-one
minutes. Sir William Hcrechol , In hla turn ,
finally became convinced tlat no one had
ever seen spots on Venus , that what was be
lieved to bo such were optical deceptions ,
tu declared that It was Impossible to dls-
over the length of time taken by Venus
In turning on.Its . axla , and ho ceased to
nako observations co the planet. Ao for the
high mountains found bj Schrotcr. Sir Wll-
Mam laughed ot them. Father de VIce and
his colleague , Palomba , of Rome , In 1839.
undo more than 10000 observations on
Venus , and end" ' by stoutly asserting that
there were bpots on Venus , and they madt-
iho timeof rotatkn twcnt-thrce lioura ,
twenty-one mlnute-s and 21.9345 Beccnda !
ichlasarelll , of our day , inido up his mind
la 1890 tlat Venus takes 224 dajn and seven
teen hours to turn on her axis , That is to
say , she takes the same time as to revolve
In her orbit around the sun , preoccitlng to
the sun alwajs the same face.
While , however , SchUparelll rae been ob
serving Venus , a host of observers In - various
ous parts of the world Imvo also been ob
serving her. The list of them would bo long.
Ono of the most recent Is Mr. Ilarnard of
the Lick observatory , with Its Immense tele
scope. Last year ho declare * that he has
never beeti able to distinguish any certain
spot on Venus , save ono , on May 29 , 1889.
The combined result of all thcao observa-
tolns la to demolish completely the theoty
of Schlaparolll. According to all probability ,
the globe of Venus turns , Invisible * to us ,
under Its atmosphere , which turns with It ;
but docs not offer any fixed point which will
requirements are
perfectly met In
Wool Soap.
1 here may be
pnore expensive
soaps , but non ?
Ibette.- . / / w at > .
rsolnIyf > nrf , For
the bath It Is
pleasant , soothIng -
Ing and delight
ful.There's
There's only
one soap that
won't shrink
. , woolens. You
w x.
* s" *
My Mama I Wleh Minn ffLusch bae
UBOJ Hmi tsvcen no soap
and
WOOlSOAP
permit us to determine the ttmo of thte ro-
Utlrti :
"The tmo phpre of Venus la so dpnse thai
Itfl action l manifest when the planet nukte
a transit , across the face of the sun , unrtei
the- form of a blnck disk. By the observa
tion of A transit at I'ueblo on December 8 ,
1S74 , It nas found that Venus has an attnofi.
phcro five times higher thin that of the
earth. To sum up , I affirm ll-nt we can
know nothing about the rotation of Venus
on Its axis , beouiso the absorption of light
produced by Its Immense atmosphere cer
tainly presents us from d'etlngutthlng nny
detail on the surface of the planet. The
gray spots that arc pcrcolvol from time tc
time i Vccnts arc effects of contrast due
entirely to solar light and ImlMlnct ehnJ-
o\\s of an atmospheric nature , Inoipnblo ol
furnishing any serious ground for calcula
tion no to the rotation of the p.atiet. No
ono en earth has ever secw the surface- (
Venus , anil no ono ever Mill. No ono has
ever seen a clearly defined spot Ilko those
eon on the disks of Mars or the moon. The
maps of Venus which hcne been made up io
this time ore pure Illusions. "
i > -iiiri\cn 01. ' TWO
I'ntrlntlNiii no TaiiKlit lit
tiiNlUiitliitix DtirliiK tlic War.
"There was an article In the papers re
cently , " said J It. Ayrea to the Sioux City
Journal , "which Interested mo very much.
It AN as a dispatch from Chicago announcing
the movement for promoting the Abraham
Lincoln Memorial unUeralty In east Tennes
see. About twenty jcars i.go I x\ns a
student at Tusctilum college , which Is ono
of the Institutions that It Is proposed to unite
with the new" university , anil my wife
was n graduate of Washington college and
subsequently a teacher of music therein.
TtMse two Institutions \\nro the fountain or
the union sentiment which during the re
bellion made east Tennessee opposed to se
cession. It Is eminently lit that they should
now bo Included In a pV.n for n. unhcrslty
In mnmory of Abraham Lincoln The name
of Lincoln Is venerated ninoni ; these moun
taineers of east Tennessee to an extent not
surpassed anywhere In this entire country ,
anil the esteem In which the patriot martyr
is held Is In largo part duo to the sentiment
created and dispensed from those two llttlo
colleges ,
"TuEculum college Is the oldest cduo.tlonal
Institution In fast Tennessee , having been
founded more than half a century ago It
was during all Its eaily history under the
chaige of members oC the DoiU family , and
they were all profound patriots. The spirit
of the American union was dlsscm nated
constntly by both Tusculum and Washing
ton college" , and notwithstanding It was n
Prpsbjterlan Institution Its Influence reached
Into other denominations , producing men of
the stamp of Parson llrownlow and many
others who might bo named. So prominent
was th's featuic of lojalty In these colleges
recognized to be , that some of the rabble
th.t wanted to sccede burned In efllgy the
incident and faculty of Tus ul m college and ,
ibsecrated the campus , . No withstanding this
opposition , hone\er , the Institutions contin
ued to progress during the war , and when
the era of reconstruction came thoj were
helpful in directing public sentiment in
such way as to secure the support of the
people for the plans that had been de
vised. Thcio Is scarcely another Instance
In the history of the whole country In
which It is so easy to trace the influence
of u wholesome and rugged sentiment to
Its fountain head. These two little in-
btltutlons are to be credited with a mar
velous work in assisting the sahntion and
progress of a large section of countrj ,
and they succeeded because their till colors
B.IW the right and had the courage to
maintain and promote it. This later rec
ognition which has come to them will be
helpful as a lesson in showing that the
right must triumph after awhile.
"And not only was It during the war
and the period of reconstruction that
thebo colleges were helpful to that part
of the south In which they are situated.
There is no doubt in my mind that the
work they ha\o ( lone has stimulated the
entcrpiise which has made the new south
a possibility. The sentiment has been In
the direction of recognizing gooj wherever
it might come from. As most of the funds
which recently placed Tusculum college
among the first In the south came from the
north , and as many of the graduates found
their careers In this section , there v.as ne er
In either Washington or Tusculum college
that predjudico against northern men and
methods of business which has been such a
drawback to the south. The spirit of toler
ance that was breathed In this section of
east Tennessee , and the welcome that was
extended to northern capital and brains ,
widened in influence and scope , and was
helpful in establishing relations which other
wise could not ha\o existed. Doubtless It
la due to this fact that these Chicago men.
under the leadership of General 0. O. How
ard , have chosen the little Institutions as
factors In the great Abraham Lincoln Me
morial university which they nre promot
ing. "
There are three little things wnlch do more
work than any other three little things cre
ated they are the ant , the bee and UeWltfe
Little Earl > Uleers , the last being the famous
little pills for stomach and Iher troubles.
Omr H Korist'il Di-i'd for Iiiiiul.
CHICAGO , Feb. 2. H. W. Mellck , a
wealthy resident of Slarshalltown , In. , has
asked the OMcapro police to look for D. D.
Martin , an alleged real estate dealer , who
Mr Mellck asserts swindled tilm out of
J2.000 on a land tiansietlon. Accoidlng to
Mr. Mellck , Martin went to Miirshulltow n
some jnonths U.o and Induced him to buy
ICO acres of land In Clierokep coun'y , Kan
sas , live miles from Columbus. D\amlna-
tlon , it Is asseited , showfi the deed to Wie
land to have been forged.
WE AttE ASSERTING IN Till : COURTS OUR RIGHT TO THD
EXCLUSIVE USE OF THE WORD "CASTORIA , " AND
14 PITCHER'S CASTORIA , " AS OUR TRADE MARK.
I , DR. SAMUEL PITCHER , of Hyannis , Massachusetts ,
was the originator of "PITCHER'S CASTORIA , " the same
that lias barns and does now x x g- - " " ' on every
bear the fac-eimi/o signature of ( et&cc t wrapper ,
This IB the original "PITCHER'S CASTORIA" which has boon
used in the homes of the mothers of America for over thirty
years , LOOK CAREFULLY at the wrapper and see that it'a
the kind you have always bought , . * , . . 2Ar ' on the
and has t'ho signature of & z&7 & 6'M wrao-
per. No one has authority from mo to use my name ex
oopt The Centaur Company' which Chas , H , Flotohor ia
President.
March 8 , I ' 897 ,
1HK CINTAUH COMPANY * T * MUMftAT CTMKKT * NEW TOR
TO THEIk
OFFER RELIEF
LESS FORTUNATE
raa , SISTERS
Sr
ir
:
r
'f ' * > -
jf
fer
fe
te-- - &
i'
The justly famed Complexion Specialists , The Misses Dell , of No. 78
Fifth Avenue , New Voik , now oiler the public generally the Complexion 5-
Tonic which they have so long used successfully in personal treatment un
der the patronage of the leaders of Ne\v York's elite society.
It was only after the icpeated solicitations of friends and acquaintances
that The Misses Bell were induced to make known the secret they had for
years held so sacred.
is entirely different and far superior to anything ever before offered in that it
has almost immediate effect in clearing and brightening the skin. It is not
a cosmetic in any sense of the word , as it does not cover up the blemishes
as powders and pastes do , but is a colorless liquid tint , when applied to the
skin , does not show , but its effect is marvelous , as it cleanses MIC pores of
the skin of all poisonous and foreign fillings and dissolves euthely freckles ,
pimples , blackheads , moth patches , excessive oiliness or illness in the skin.
Its use is so simple tint a child can follow directions and pet the best result.
The Misses Bell have placed the price of their wonderful Complexion Tonic
at $1.00 per bottle , which is sufficient to clear the ordinary skin.
The Misses Bell expect to sell thousands of bottles from this an
nouncement , and , in order to satisfy the most skeptical that their Complexion
Tonic is exactly as they repiesent it and that they have absolute confidence
in its wonderful merit , they will send it to you safely pacxed in plain wrap
-3 per , free from obse vaticm of the curious , so that fe
3 Settle ests lcu Nothing
If the effect is not exactly as claimed , so that you take no risk in sending
3 for this wonderful complexion purifier.
3 The price , $1.00 , places it within the reach of a ! ! . It will absolutely
clear a poor complexion and beautify a Rood one. It is indeed a boon to
3 women , and this generous offer should be accepted by all.
3 Ladies can address The Misses Bell on all matteis of complexion and
hygiene in the strictest confidence , and satisfactory advice will be given
promptly vvilhout charge. An interesting pamphlet will be sent upon re
33i ceipt of stamp.
Address all communications and send all orders to THF MISSES RCLL , or
78 P'PT
3i NEW YORK
"SAY AYE 'NO' AND YELL NE'ER BE
MARRIED. DON'T REFUSE ALL OUR
ADVICE TO USE
The regular monthly period is enervating to a frail woman. But when
some derangement brings a return of the menses oftener than every four
weeks , or shows any tendency to flooding , it almost takes the life from the
victim. This kind of trouble , if continued , upsets the nervous syitem , affects
the sight , weakens the blood circulation , and finally dulls the intellect. There
is one way to check this alarming disease that undermines the health of
thousands of women every year. McElree's Wine of Cardui is a great medi
cine provided by nature for the regulation of the menstrual function. It gives
robust health to thousands of afflicted women every month. No remedy
ever discovered equals it for this purpose. It
gives strength and tone to the delicate menstrual LflDIES' ADVISORY DEPARTMENT.
1 or adTlca lu cases
strual organs , and enables them to do their clul directions , addressKlvlctf requiring simp- eiio-
trrai , Laclltt' AiiUorv Dtpartmtnt ,
work painlessly. When there is the least Cliattcnooea. The ( liiitlanoocu Trou. Medicine Co ,
fndication of painful or irregular menstrua
tion , Wine of Cardui should be procured at once.
AKRON , Ohio , )
Nov. 8th , 1897. i
lam thankful for what McClree'sWineof Cardui
has done for me. I think there is nothing in the
world that could have helped me like the Cardui lias.
Since about sixteen years of age I have had very
irregular menstrual periods. It usually came too
soon. There was much pain , and I was also troubled
with flooding sometimes it went on for two weeks.
In ten j ears 1 was a regular wreck. It would be worse
every month. Injections of morphine would be the
only thing that would give me any rest at all. When
almost In despair I heard of wine of Cardui. 1
couldn't think all that was said of it was true , but
decided to try it in hopes of getting some relief. I
could see some Improvement when I finished the
second bottle , and in sixty days was better than I had
been In twelve years. 1 now feel perfectly well , and
have none of the old trouble at all. I used a little
Thedford's Clack-Draught with the Wine of CarduU
MRS. W. SANDERSON.
Wino"bf Cardui costs SI.00 at Drug Stores.