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About Omaha daily bee. (Omaha [Neb.]) 187?-1922 | View Entire Issue (July 19, 1896)
" " T HP-- * p-"Wf 5' * fov > ari > rr t mr * HUP injwH ii Hl JWHH 1 THE OMATIA DAILY , JULY 10 , 180G. 10 las- lam n E. lien hap dreif will' ' d In of-1 tin i the the usloi d a look tlilH re I con that re In clety Lllllt- I In skei : re- that mlntj VIH'l It I.H oiide fair Isufu tnry . til'.t 11(3 and s. uiisr HOT CAMPAIGNS OF THE PAST Historic and Decisive Incidents in Presiden tial Oontostn. PARTISAN SPIRIT ALWAYS DOMINANT An AlirlilKi-il Review of rninoii * I'o- lltli-iil ItnltlcH from iliR l n > of \Yllnllliiuliin l i TiliiHO ot Glut eland. ( Copyright. ISW. ) WASHINGTON. July 17. The national campaign now beginning promises to he the most uvcntful ami exciting that lias occurred iilncc tlio republican party had Its birth In 18GG. Harrlng the campaign of 1SOO , In which Uurr by n hair's breadth lost the presidency to Jefferson , presidential cam paigns were dull affairs until 1S21. In that memorable ) year there were four can didates for the presidency , Jackaon , Craw ford. Adams and Clay. National delegate conventfBRs had not then been Instituted , nnd unanimity In selecting candidates was , ns yet. out of the question. When the election went to the house , Clay , who stood lowest of the four on the electoral vote , was dropped out , and ho threw his strength to Adarrw and elected him. Intense excite ment attended this election by the house. Kvcn In 1SOO , when the house had to make choice between Jefferson aritl Uurr , the popu lar ronrern was not so ncutqor extended. Following the election of Adams It was urged that the constitution should he so fl amended that the power of choosing a prcs- Ident would under no contlnRenry rest with the house. However , the matter ended In talk. The house still retains Its power In this direction , but happily no occasion for Its exorcise has slnrc arisen. Jackson's exceeding popularity made the campaigns of 182S and 1S32 tame and dull , and the same was true of the campaign of 183C , In which Van Huron , the democratic candidate , easily defeated the whlgs , whose support was divided between Harrison. Web- Bter and Magnum. Hut the campaign of 1840 was another and very different affair. Men still living vividly recall the pictur esque and dramatic Incidents of that eventful year , when Harrison , the united choice of the whlgs. Inflicted upon Van Dureu , whom the democrats had selected for re-election , one of the moat crushing defeats In the an nals of the republic. No such excitement was over shown In any canvass before or since that date. Harrison , the "Hero of TIppccanoe. " was the Idol of the young men. The scenes of his early life and military career were portrayed on banners and In parades. Log cabins were borne on wheels In processions , with men In coon skin cups accompanying them , and on banners were pictures of the candidate , shooting Indian * and ill-Hiking hard elder. Thus the cam paign lives In history of the "log cabin and hard cider campaign. " Whig enthusiasm was unbounded , and manifested Itself In acts and utterances which appear ridiculous to men of a later day. I3ut events proved that It was fully Justified. In the election Harrison risen carried nineteen slates and Van Huron only seven. However , the fruits of victory were soon lost to the whlgs , for Harrison died after being In the white house a month , and Tyler , the vice president , who stepped Into the higher ofllce , betrayed his col leagues and brought the party to the verge of ruin. Not less Interesting In its way was the campaign of IS 14. In this year a "dark horso" was for the first time nominated for the presidency. It was also the rlrsl year In which the election hinged on the result In any particular state , and the first year In which a minor party turned the scale In a presidential canvass. Moreover , It was the year In which the two-thirds rule In demo cratic national conventions for presidential nominees was formally affirmed. In that year Henry Clay was the whig candidate and Jnmea K. 1'olk the democratic nominee. I'olk was the "dark horse. " Van IJuren's nomination seemed probable before the convention met. but the two- thirds rule was successfully brought forward to beat him. The minor organization was the liberal party , with James G. Illrney at Its head. A concession to the slavery ele ment , made by Clay In. a private letter published during the canvass , sent a suffi cient number of anti-slavery whlgs In New York over to the liberty party to give that state to I'olk. In the balance between the parties the electoral vote of New York de cided the election. Again , In 184S , the vote of a "third ' party and In the same state as In 1844 turned the scale. This time the free neil party , with Van Duren as Us candidate , did the mischief. Van Huron's friends In Now York were angry because their party denied him the nomination In. 1844 , and four years later they went over to him In such numbers that their state , and with It the presidency , went to the whlgs , whose nomInee Ineo was Zachary Taylor. Lewis Cass wax the democratic candidate. The result of the campaign of 1852 was a foresone conclusion from the first. The whig party , with General Scott as Its can didate , was In the final stages of decrepitude and decay , and was easily beaten by the democracy under Franklin Pierce. Four years later , however , there was a different story to tell , for the newly formed republican party made Its entrance Into the national arena , led by John C. Fremont For a tlmo Fremont's success seemed probable , but treachery , or what has been called treachery. In Home of the states which chose state offi cers ji month or two before the presi dential election beat him. Ohio In October gave the republicans n majority , but Penn sylvania and Indiana which also voted early , were carried by the democrats. The "moral support" upon which the republicans relied did not come , and Fremont was defeated by James Huchanan. . The campaign of I860 , with Its proces sions and mass meetings , wax plciurouijm * nnd exciting , but It was entirely one-sided. The democracy. split Into two nearly equal divisions , was foredoomed to defeat from the start. The only possible chance to re tain power lay In the south's acceptance of Douglas , but the southern leaders were determined to oppomi Douglas , oven to the extent of party disruption and republican victory. Four tickets were In the flflfl the two demoeratlc , headed respectively by Douglas and IlrccMnridgu. the republican , led by Lincoln , and the constitutional union. The last named comprised the remnants of the whig and knownothliig parties , which had not yet Joined one or the other of the great organization ! ) , and was led by John Hell of Tennessee. Of all the candidates , Douglas was the great figure of the campaign. llrcck- Inridgu and licit had little and Lincoln almost nothing to nay. Douglas , on the other hand , made speeches In ovury part of tlio country , and was never so fmiMful. brilliant and audacious HI he was w''ile stumping the west , the east and the boutli In the fall months of U'liO. I.'U he was fighting against fate , and ho know it. The slavery men fought him In the south , the Hell men In the border states , the renub- llcaiiH In the free states and the lluchanun administration all over the country. Attempts were made liy a few democrats and constitutional unionists to bring iibotit a coalition of these elements , and UrecMn- rldgo and Hell , according to Jefferson Davis , offered to withdraw If Douglas would do the same , but Douglas declined , on the ground that his retirement would help the republicans , f6r moat of his northern sup porters would go to Lincoln rather tunn to any oilier democrat. Accordingly the cam paign swept onward , first to a probability , then to an assurance of republican success. In September tu\ ! \ state of Maine elected a republican governor , and In October the pivotal states of Pennsylvania , Indiana and Ohio SAVU decisive republican majorities for their state tickets. Politicians In these states generally con ceded that the vote In these states clearly foreshadowed Lincoln's election. The prophecy not only proved correct , but the tide of popular conviction and enthusiasm , rising still higher , carried to his support other states which were yet considered uncertain. The voter * who care uiorti tel l > a on the winning side than they do for principle , always considerable in a presi dential election , then rushed over to the republicans , and the republican triumph In November was complete nd decisive. The republicans carried all the free states except Now Jersey , In which the three elector * allotted to Douglas by a ' fusion wcro chosen , but the two ' Inrldgo and the two Hell elector * abandoned by enough friends of Douglas to let the four Lincoln tlectora Ret In , Douglas carried Missouri and Bell Vir ginia , while DreclclnrMga got ho rent of the slave Mates. Of the electoral votes Lincoln had ISO ; Drcctdnrldgo , 72 ; Dell , SO ; and Douglas , 12. The rupture In the democracy was complete , the party wag overthrown and the civil war which fol lowed kept It out of power In the execu tive branch of the government for a quar ter of a century. After 1SCO no really exciting or sensa tional canvass look place until 1S75. The ' clement of doubt was present to some ex tent In the early part of the campaign of 1SC4 , owing to the failure of the union arms to gain the successes looked for , but the triumphs of Sherman's army In the summer and autumn of that year si lenced tha advocates of peace at any price , encouraged the north nnd rendered McClellan's defeat Inevitable. In 1S6S Grant's election was never for a moment doubted. Kor a few weeks after the Indorse ment of Grteley , the liberal republican can didate , by the democracy In 1872 , there seemed to be a chance for a turnover In the executive branch of the government , but the Grceley Loom collapsed early nnd the latter part of the campaign was Hat and lifeless. In 1STO , however , although neither Hayes , the republican candidate , nor Tlldcn , the democratic nominee , aroused mtirh per sonal enthusiasm , the campaign was vigor ously prosecuted , and the conflicting claims of the parties ID three states , on which the result hinged , led to the creation of a body , not contemplated either by the constitution framcrs or by congress previous to this par ticular exigency , for the cettlement of the disputed points. This was the electoral com mission. There were eight republicans and seven d mocrals on the commission and they divided on partisan lines on the points In dispute , giving the victory to Hayes , who thus s"curcd 1S" > electoral votes as compared with 184 for Tllden. Though living Issues were little discussed In the campaign of 18SO , It was not wanting In warmth or movement. Republicans were Incess.tntly "waving the bloody shirt , " n democratic phrase which became familiar at this tlmo. while the democrats ' .arpcd upon the "fraud" which they ascribed to the electoral commission which "counted out" Mr. Tllden. Incidentally , as election liny drew near , protection to homo IndJttry and restriction to Chinese Immigration were more or less discussed , with , jirhipn con siderable local effect , but the election was In no sense decided by either. . In Septem ber Maine gave a majority for the demo cratic ticket. Until this reverse Uio tup- porters of Grant , who had been defeated by Garfield for the republican nominal Ion , bad oulkod , but they did in > w longer. All the resources of the party were now de voted to the election of Garfield. iVrsttadod by Grant. Iloscoo Conkllng took the stump and worked for the nominees with all Ms might. Popular audiences found his elo quence Irrestlble. No man did more than ho to carry the Important state of New York. Ho took Grant with him throughout the state , exhibiting him for five minute speeches , whllo he himself made long era tions. This occasioned much comment , but probably "did good. " Conkllng and his friends deemed his agency decisive of the result In the nation as well as In New York , and considered President ) Garfleld as under the deepest obligations on this account. Han cock swept every southern state. Oarfleld carried every northern one except Now Jersey , Nevada and California. Gnrfleld's popular majority was trilling , but In the electoral college he had 214 votes to Han cock's 153. The campaign of 1884 had also a fair share of the picturesque and sensational. Iloth Dlalne and Cleveland , the candidates of the two respective parties , were on the stump for a time , and each , particularly Dlalne , called out great enthusiasm among his followers. Still , It was not on the stump , hut In the closet that the election of Cleveland was assured. John Kelly , then the leader of Tammany hall , gave the nomination of Cleveland no support for sev eral months after It was made. Tammany was sullen. Kelly was silent. The lesser politicians had been making agreements which Involved in New York City the sup port at the polls , by the republicans , of Tammany's candidate for mayor. Hugh J. Grant , and In return for that the direct or Indirect support of the republican na tional ticket by a sufficient number of Tam many men to make It certain that Illaino would carry New York state. At last , and within a few days of the election , Mr. Cleve land visited New York and met John Kell > at the Hoffman House. What took place at that meeting will probably forever remain a secret. Kelly's lips were sealed when the Interview was finished. Mr. Cleveland has never spoken of It so far as his friends In New York City know. But that there must have been an agreement was Indicated by the fact that Kelly , a few hours later , gave orders that the democratic national ticket was to be faithfully supported by the Tam many organization. These orders were scrupulously obeyed. Mr. Cleveland carried the decisive state of New York by a margin of only 1,047 votes out of a total of over 1,000.000 In the state. Save for the meeting of Cleveland with Kelly , and the subsequent order Issued by Kelly , Hlalne would have secured the electoral vote of New York , and with It the presidency. The year 1S88 saw nothing particularly stirring or dramatic In its presidential cam paign , and that of 1892 was lacking at least In the surface manifestations of Interest. One reason for this condition of things was the fact that each candidate had been so long before the public eye that nothing new could be said about him or expected of him. Moreover , neither candidate had anything of the picturesque In his personality , or was In any way calculated to captivate the fancy of the populace. Still If Interest of the active and demonstrative kind was absent , there was not wanting Interest of the quiet and lasting sort , as the result plainly showed. The history of the campaign of 1896 Is now In the making. it r i.i n in I'M. The French Academy of Moral Sciences has awarded the prize of 15.000 francs for philanthropic work to the Central African Catholic missions for their anti-slavery ef forts. The Protestant Episcopal church of the Holy Trinity. Ilrooklyn. Hev. S. D. McConnell - nell , rector , for the first time In Its history of fifty years Is to be opened during the whole summer. The Haptlst Watchman thinks that the high hopes entertained by the churches from the multiplication of Sunday school appliances during- the last twenty-five years have not been realized. Luther's bible , which ho used In his study. Is In possession of a Herlln museum. Its margins are covered with notes In Luth er's handwriting. It was printed at Halo In 1509 and Is excellently preserved. Methodist , and once a student at Ohio Wcs- leyan university. Kx-Govornor . .MeKlnley , the presidential nominee , Is a life-long Meth odist , and a member , with his revered mother , of the Methodist church at Canton. O. Senator Henry M. Teller of Colorado , leader of the free silver bolters. II. W. Thompson of Indiana , Warner Miller of New York and II. Clay Kvatis of Tennessee , the leading delegate from the south , are also Methodists. " There may not be any politics In Method- Urn , but according to Zlou'a Herald there Is a good deal of Methodism In politics. It says : "A friend calls attention to the fact that there was a noteworthy McthodUtlc flavor at the Ut. Louis convention. Charles W. Fairbanks , the temporary chairman. Is a Methodist , a graduate of Ohio Wesleyan uni versity , and at present a trustee of that In stitution. John M. Thurston , the perma nent chairman. Is a Methodist , and a brother of Mrs. Angle P. Newman. Joseph I ) . For- iker. chairman of the committee on reso lutions and nominator of MeKlnley , Is a Bishop J. M. Tliobnrn , who has spent nany years as a Methodist missionary bishop In India , Is visiting friends In Cincinnati. In speaking of the financial condition of India ho said , the other day : "They have the silver standard In India , have bad It for centuries , and It has received a fair trial. It would ruin this country and bankrupt everybody. The foundation of business Is stability , and with a silver standard you can never have It , In CaUutta I ran buy this suit of clothes for $40 today , and per haps for { SO tomorrow , and the next day It will b 5JO , You can never tell from the number of dollars you own how much you are worth. The country Is at the mercy of the money changers and speculators. The Idea of going to a silver standard from a , gold one U too ridiculous for serious con- slderatlon. I have seen enough of this in India. " : nvTMTAt \ Tin tinoT \ T PVPTTMT 'PNEUMATIC POSTAL SiSTEM Formidable Eival of the Telegraph and Ex press Companies. A QUICKENING OF BUSINESS METHODS Tlip Service Iiuniutiriitctl In IMillndrl- l > lilit.-l > n llilllt.v of fimiK ItltfRo Cllli-x of Ihn KnM Mini > Vml VilvnntiiKCK nf It. 1 M , by S. S. McClure Co. ) It Is uow proposed to gridiron Philadel phia with pneumatic tubes so that mall matter , telegrams and packages can be sent Instantly to any part of the city In any direction and from any point. The government has authorized the Installation and the work of construction Is to bo begun at once. There will be a main central pumpIng - I I Ing station somewhere In the vicinity of the new city hall and the tubes will radiate In all directions. Smaller pumping stations will be located In outlying parts of the city and thesQ will control local circuits , so that It Is expected Philadelphia will have I the quickest nnd most effective delivery' system In the world. It has been several yearn since the first application of the pneu matic tube to the mall system of the United States was made , but during the time It has been In operation It has been eagerly watched by the postmasters of other American cities , because Its suc cess has Indicated a revolution In the col lection and distribution of mall matter. This pioneer American tube , as It now stands , extends from the Philadelphia bourse to the main postofllco , a distance of one-half mile. The diameter of the tube Is six and one-half Inches and the carriers , which can be dispatched at the rate of eight a minute , give a carrying capacity of 43.000 letters an hour. It lias been suc cessful far beyond the expectations of the fore it became cold , frj 'short ' , the new uses of the tube could bo'legion. USE OF THE SYSTEM IN KUIIOPE. _ Hut while the tube's ivill bo now In the t'nUe-1 States , they Me u\ old story In Eu rope , for Just such systems as that to be established in Philadelphia , more limited , perhaps , but as proportionately efficient , have been In operationTor , years In London , Paris , Herlln and Vienna. The pneumatic tubes In European cltiM arc none of them very largo as far as their diameter Is con cerned , Their carrying ; capacity Is thus somewhat limited , but only as to the trans mission of packages. Otherwise these sys tems are very complete ; and In London. Paris. Berlin and Vienna our American method of message delivery would seem very slow Indeed. The London pneumatic tubes differ very materially from those of Paris , not only In the mechanical method of transmission , but also In the manner in which the circuits are arranged around tbo city. London uses what Is known as the radial system. Paris uses the circuit system. In London the pipes or tubes radiate from the central sta tion , which In this case Is the general post- office. Outgoing and return tubes are laid to and from the outlying stations. In Paris , however , a single pipe starting from the central station , makes a circuit of outlying stations and then returns to the starting point. The circuit arrangement Is also used In Vienna , but It may be said In favor of the London method that Ilerlln , which originally employed this system , replaced It In 1S84 by the radial system. Yet the Paris plant Is In some parts a combination , for the reason that double lines of tubes have been laid from the Place de la Bourse to the Place du Theater Francals. nnd from thence to Hallos and to the Uuo de Orenelle. Also single lines of pipe have been extended to the Place du Havre and to the Avenue dcs Champs Klysees. London operates forty-two stations and thirty-four miles of tubes. It Is estimated that over 57.000 messages are transmitted dally. Paris , on the other hand , operates less than twenty stations and transmits nearly as many messages as London. There Is therefore something to bo said In favor of the Paris system as opposed to that of London by reason of the economy of Its working force. Herlln operates over twenty- eight miles of double tubing and has thirty- eight stations. The Vienna plant corresponds spends In Its operation to that of Paris , only carrier to como In would start an electric switch operating a mechanism to contrived as to keep the carrier In Its section until the carrier ahead had pasted out ot the way. Something of the same kind will bo used In Philadelphia when the largo plant Is Installed. Ono of the new tubes which will bo used for carrying packages will be eight Inches In diameter , almost the limit as to alze , and If a collision was toiccur between two heavily loaded carriers of this site the result might bo disastrous. Pneumatic tubes have been In successful operation so long In Europe that the great wonder Is that they have not been adopted In the t'nltcd States ; that Is , to far as public service Is concerned. An our mall service now stands It Is almost Impossible to get n letter from New York to Uoston and have It delivered on the day It Is mailed. Tele graphing Is expensive to the average per son , nor can one accept a. telegram as suffi cient documentary evidence for certain classes of business. With pneumatic tube * to connect cities and parts of cities the business methods of the nineteenth century will be quickened one hundreUold. Per haps after all. though the delay In their Installation In this country has been duo to that fart which engineers have never failed to quote , I. e. , that pneumatic tube propul sion Is not mechanically economical , about 90 per ecnt of the power generated being wasted In hurrying the air through the tube and overcoming Its friction and only 10 per cent of the total force being required to artually move the carrier. Nothing In fact but the great necessity ot having quicker transportation facilities than we have now makes the scheme admissible from an en gineering point of view. THEODOUE WATERS. COXM'lllAI.ITinM. Douglas Tllden , the deaf mute sculptor of San Francisco , was married tbo other day to Miss Hesslc Cole , who Is also a deaf mute. A New York Baptist minister has gone out to Oklahoma nnd obtained a divorce from his wlfo because she used to keep him from his church work by mussing his Sunday coat and filling his Sunday shoes with water. A Holse , Idaho , man having advertised ho would not bo responsible for debts con tracted by his wife , she retorts that "he never paid any of my bills for my cloths or anything else In the nineteen years 1 have been married to him. He Is now THE PNEUMATIC TlIlJ .pF THE FUTURE. 1'ostoince department and It has led to what will be the first general pneumatic tube system In the United States. The feasibility of adopting pneumatic con veying systems to public use has occupied the attention of Inventors for years and no less than 400 applications for pneumatic tube.patents are now on flle In the patent office In Washington. It Is the possibility of tremendous expansion which makes the question so alluring from the point of view nf the promoter. The theory U that with proper facilities New York. Boston. Chicago , Washington , or In fact any of the larger cities In the United States , could be a * easily placed In communication with one another by means of pneumatic tubes as could the local districts of any one of these centers. The telegraph companies realize this very thoroughly , for the expansion of the system would seriously affect their business , and already one company has a tube In operation between two of Its olHces In New York City. Thin last tube , how ever , is of small diameter and deserves to rank only beside the diminutive systems which are now used for carrying messages and small change In department stores. A REVOLUTION IN BUSINESS. The general adoption of pneumatic tubes In the United States will mean a greater revolution In business and governmental affairs than might bo surmised at first glance. It will be as epoch making in Its way as was the Invention of the telegrapher or telephone. With the telegraph compan ies particularly It Is likely to play great havoc. Under the new arrangement no one would be willing to trust to the Inaccura cies of a telegraph clerk when It would be as easy , and easier In fact , to send a long letter to the point of destination. No news paper for Instance would be content to pay telegraph tolls when original accounts of news In the handwriting of the correspon dent could be had for the asking , ncc to mention that very Important clement of secrecy which would pertade all pneumatic tube transactions. The law which puts a teal on the public telegrapher's lips would become obsolete there would bo no longer or ff-ir or wj .mumnc rose use for It. Government secrets also would run little risk of leaking out In transit. Duslness would be better arranged every where because more minute Instructions could bo Instantly transmitted to distant agents. Think of carrying on a lengthy cor respondence with a man , two or three hun dred miles away , sending and receiving ievcral long letters In the course of a day ! It would In fact revive the almost lost art ] f long letter writing. It Is probable that letter writing booths would be established it all the terminal points of the tube lines slid one could go to these places , send a letter , receive an answer , or even a picture ) f an event , in a short time. Herein slow ; olng telegraph boys would become a thing } f the past. I'ackagcs would be quite as lUickly transmitted as letters. The express : ompanles would have to discontinue busl- less so far as small parcels are concerned > r else set up a tubing system of their own. It would become a common event for New Workers and I'blladelphlans to exchange .okens on the same day. The ardent lover n New York could send fresh flowers to hit iweetheart in Moslem. Miss Knickerbocker ould very easily borrow the latest novel by ube fnVa her Washington friend. The Jaded nulnesa man could have his wife put him jp a fresh lunch at home and send It by ube to bU office , where be could eat U be- In smaller proportion- There Is greater simplicity In the London arrangement of the tubes , which may be said to resemble a double track railroad , while some coufurion is apt to result In the operation of the Parisian tubes. The latter form a succes sion of loops and once a canler starts out from the central station It is compelled to make a complete circuit of the city before it can return to Its starting point. It might be supposed from this that much time would be lost in the transmission of empty carriers , but this difficulty is overcome by the fact that the carriers themselves are not acted t'pon by compressed air or vacuum. The propelling force In the pipes Is exerted upon n small piston , which is shot through the pipes and drags after It long trains of carriers , Just as a locomotive pulls a train of cars. In London the carriers themselves are acted upon by'the propelling force and are shot through the tubes In the same manner as those In the Philadelphia post- oil ) ce. Pneumatic tubes are operated on the prin ciple which causes a vacuum to be created In the tube in front of the carrier , thus compelling the air behind the carrier to drive It through the tube , or in the projec tion of compressed air Into the tube behind the carrier or In a combination of both methods. The carriers used in the tubes of Paris are made of Iron , covered with leather , yet do not last nearly as long as the London carriers , which are made cf guttaperclca , covered with felt. The London carriers will stand 2.000 miles of travel , but the Pans carriers usually give out alter having traveled 1,200 miles. There U also less trouble In London with carriers sticking In the tubes than there Is In Paris , where it is claimed the annoyance Is frequent. LOCATING OBSTRUCTIONS. This brings forward a very curious Instru ment. which Is used for locating an obstruc tion In the underground Paris. The mag nificent sewer system of the French capital makes the Inspection of the tubes an easy matter , as they are all laid In the sewerH. When a pipe Is obstructed , however , other means of Inspection must be resorted to. A diaphragm Is attached to the end of the obstructed tube and a pistol Is discharged Into the tube through an opening Just below where the diaphragm Is placed. The sound acting on the diaphragm causes an electric circuit to be closed , which In turn causes a mark to bo made on a chrono graph. The sound wave traveling through the tube finally meets the obstruction and Is lellected. causing another mark to be made on the chronograph. The Interval of time between the two sounds can thus be easily determined and the position of the obstruc tion located. The ics't Is easy. The pipe belug measured it Is dn'IJ- necessary to de scend Into the sewer. UHo out the requisite ccctlon of the pipe and remove the offending obstruction. ' ' ' A PROPOSED TUDE'lfiETWEKN LONDON PAWS. . , It has been proposed.that , a pneumatic tube bo laid from London to Paris by way of the Kngllsh channel. ' ' This somewhat icallzea that time-lionorcili Joke about the possibility of a person going to Europe In u pneumatic tube with trlat'bthcr distinct pos- blblllty of "getting Btoclc.llii the middle. " There will have to bcaaaie better method devised , however , before" tube could be laid under water. Httw-'eMcr well protected , corrosion would bo suiovtoltake placo. Then the almost Impossibility-fit la ) Ing it would be another illfflculty. .Th'o method of laying a cable could hardly'Ue'used ' In this case , as the flexibility of evuj.ii , leaden tube could not adapt Itself to clrcunistances , and It would bo equally as liard (6 ( adapt any sys tem of coffer-dam construction to the needs of the moment. Obstructions In the tube could not be reached by the ordinary method and the slightest breakage would mean chaos for the time being. Even with forty years of European experience to draw upon the Philadelphia officials have bad grave dim- cultles to cope with , and as the diameter of the tube Increases ( he difficulties Increase with it until when ten inches diameter has been reached anything larger than thU is not considered feasible because the ivelgbt becomes so great that the packing wears out very rapidly. One of the features of the Ixindon service is the regularity with which It Is operated. The block signaling devices of railroading have been made to suggest means to pre vent disastrous collisions between carriers In the tubes. Kach section of the tubing all over the route is provided with an electric apparatus for keeping the carriers controlled - trolled , If two carriers should Inadvertently try to occupy the game section the last walking around town with a suit of clothes on that I paid $15 for. " It Is said that Miss Grace Wilson , who is to marry the rheumatic young Vandcrbllt , discovered In a dream that he was her af finity. If .Miss Wilson has the recipe for the salld slu > ate the night before she would greatly oblige her unmarried countrywomen by immediately making It known. William T. Harris , a railroad telegraph operator of Hammond , Ind. . was sold re cently by his wife Susan to Miss Carrie West for $730. Several months ago Harris came to Delphi. leaving his wife and child at Hammond While serving as night oper ator1 on the Monon here he met Miss West , who recently Inherited a fortune from her foster mother , Mrs. James H. Stewart. Miss West fell In love with him and took him to her home to live. Mrs. Harris recently ap plied for a divorce , and her lawyer. At torney Knotts of Hammond , Informed Miss West that Mrs. Harris v.-as willing to give up her husband for cash. Miss West , ac cordingly , made the purchase. The heirs of Mrs. Stewart have brought suit to set aside the will , which gave MKS | West every thing. A new departure In marriage ceremonies occurred near Marlon , 111. , on the 7th. Sam uel N. Robertson , aged 26 , a prominent young society gentleman of this place , and Mlsi Ida Warren , a beautiful country lass of twenty summers , who resides two miles west , were married on the public highway one mile north of town. Judge H. R. Fowler ler performed the ceremony while the brldo- grpom. Judge and witnesses , G. C. Campbell and C. E. Cunningham , were seated In their buggies. Immediately after the ceremony the brldo and groom left for tholr brld.il tour , which will consist of an overland trip in a buggy to Chicago and return via St. Louis. The marriage of Charles R. Abbott , the veteran principal of public school No. 1 In Ilrooklyn. to Miss Alice Day , who was one of his graduates and then became a teacher In the same school , took place In New York last week. Although the bridegroom is In hU seventy-third year , ho looked like a man of fifty. He Is forty-three years older than the bride. He has been a teacher for fifty- three years. A divorce has been granted at Perry , Okl. , on grounds which are somewhat singular even for Oklahoma. Dr. David Jacohson Is a resident of New York. His wife. Nora , was the possessor of a poodle dog of which she was very fond so fond Indeed that Dr. Jacohson says It usurped the place In her affections which rightfully belonged to him. So much did che think of the- animal that she thought she could dispense with her husband's society altogether , and to she It-ft him to devote all of her attention to the ranlne. TWs was more than the doctor could stand , and , as | ioodle worship Is not a ground for divorce In this state , he bled him to Oklahoma , where freedom from nuptial ties can bo obtained with neatness and dis patch. COM IV TO AV FIIO.1I THIS SKt'M * . Written for The lice. Hew I like tor wo the chlldr'n Flockln' In an' out at skiile Sum air good un' sum air bad Una At a mlndln * toucher's rule Kinder drawn our recollection Hack ter Union fnr , far nwny. When we plnyed. us tlu-y air playln' , Skuleiiiate.s In that happy day. Sumhciw makes my eyes grow misty As I dwell iijion the p.iHl ; Whar bo thi/y that In our boyhood With our deHtlnlea Wfro olnswil ? With a thousand illff'rcnt feelln'.s Svvcllln' In a feller's breast , , It ain't stransH that memory's tender When wu backward let It rest. Sum air flllln' places mighty An' air numbered with thu true ; Sum In vice air downward trallln' , Flllln' crime's clee ) > . awful Hlough ; Sum air walkln * In the modest , v. Open thoroughfare * of life. Others havw glv' up the battle. Passed forever from the at rife. So it don't seem unliscomln' For old heads to sit by day , An' with pleasure view the new blood Eager for llfe'H busy frny ; An * we love to hit an' Ilsttm Where th children work by rule Watt-hill' them as past the flutter , C'omln' to an' from the skulc. XIX PI.L'M. There Is no better dinner wine than Cook's Imperial Extra Dry Champagne. U helps digest your food. UNDER THE RIVER'S ' SANDS Work of Hunting a Hidden Treasura Well Under Way , PUCE WHERE THE BOAT WAS WRECKED Slrnnirr Hrrlrnml tliu < Wrtii Ilowli In 1MT. it Itli it Cnruci lit Mltcr tin lliinril t Do I.iicalrd. From the earliest recorded history , searchIng - Ing for buried treasure has had a fascina tion for the seekers after wealth. Thou sands of men have spent their entire lives and millions of money have been Invested In enterprises of this kind. Fortunes of many millions have gone down with ships' and In many instances recovered after years have passed nway. No one form of search for lost treasure probably has absorbed so much attention as this. For the amount of trafilc that has been carried upon it , no stretch of water on the globe has swallowed up ns much wealth as the Missouri river. Its shifting sands and numerous snags have sent many a boat to the bottom , and once- located there , It Is generally the work of but a short time for the wrecks to disap pear from view and the approximate loca tion of them Is , In many Instances , un known. Of late years , since the advent of the railroads , steamboat traffic on the stream has practically ceased , owing to Its dangerous character. In the old days , how- over. It was , with the exception of freight ers' wagons , the only means of transpor tation for freight destined for the fnr northwest. From the mouth of the river to the head of navigation the bed of the stream Is strewn with these wrecks. In most In stances the cargoes were removed at the time. In others portions were unearthed In after years , and In still others the boats and cargoes are still burled beneath the quicksands of the treacherous river. The search for these Is revived every once in a while , but In" most Instances the loca tion Is so little known as to render the chances of success very slim. The largest boat that ever attempted the ascent of the river was the Bertram ! , which started In the spring of ISfio with a cargo of mining supplies for points in Montana. Tlio boat got along all right until opposite the present village of DeSoto. In Wash ington county. There It struck n snag with the Inevitable result. This accident happened In April , IStf.'i. The bond In the river where It occurred was thereafter known as Bertrand bend. ANOTH'KH ' BOAT AUOUND THE BEND. On board the boat was a miscellaneous assortment of miners' supplies , the most valuable of which was ,15,000 pounds of quicksilver. In addition there was a con siderable amount of that other necessity In a mining camp whisky. The Insurance company which carried the risk on the cargo was notified and sent a force of men to recover it. They commenced the work and by the aid of divers removed a small portion of It , when another boat , the Cora , on which the same company carried the risk , was wrecked a few miles above where the Bertrand lay. For some reason they abandoned the Bertrand and went to work on the Cora. When they had completed their task there , the Bertrand had disap peared In the sand , and the wreckers gave It up as a bad job. The affair was the talk of the neighbor hood for sonic time and then gradually dropped out of mind. Ono man had not forgotten It and has ever since cherished the hope of recovering the valuable cargo. That man Is F. M. McNecly. now a resident of Norfolk. At the time of the sinking of the boat he was 17 years of age and assisted his brother In the work of recovering the portion of the eargo that was saved , his brother being one of the divers , brought out by the Insurance company. Lately ho has secured the co-operation of F. Holllngs- worth and C. E. Doughty of Norfolk and B. F. Madison of Chadron and they have employed A. J. Grover. a civil engineer of this city , to assist them Is prosecuting the search for the boat. Since the time of the accident the river has changed Its course , as the Missouri river has a habit of doing , and the place which was then the channel la .now two and a half miles from the river In one direc tion ami a mile In the other , tin- river being to the north and east , the land being the property of J. E. Markel of this city. The first step was to secure the permission of Mr. Markel to prosecute the search , which was readily obtained. Next they sent to the department at Washington to secure accurate maps showing the course of the river at the time of the accident. In this they were more fortunate than they had expected. The chief of engineers of the army sent a map showing the meander of the river and the location of the wreck approximately , the records of the depart ment being Incomplete as to Its exact loca tion. He also gent a map made ten years later , which was guaranteed to be the exact location of the river at that time , but there was nothing to show that the stream had not changed In the Intervening time and no mention WUH made In the field notes of the wreck or Its location. The first map was made by Colonel J. N. Macomb of the engineer corps of the army. BORING HOLES IN THE EARTH. From the Incomplete field note * nnd the older map the location of the wreck can bo established to within SOO feet In one direc tion and 1.000 feet In the other. The forma tion of the surface of "tho land at present , showing what has evidently been the bank of the river In times past , serves to bring UK position down nearer to a certainty than the iijapa anil field notes would Indicate. The four men who arc prosecuting the enterprise are now on the ground , working under the direction of Mr. Grover. Various methods have been and will be resorted to In prosecuting the search. One of them has liren the line of the dip needle. The quicksilver was put In lead casks , but there was a considerable amount of Iron in the cargo and In the boat Itself. The needln has shown some variations , but not enough to give Mr. Grover any assurance that the variation was caused by the proximity of the metal In the sunken boat , but 'he. has not abandoned hope of locating It by this means , and a more delicate Instrument than the one now In his possession will be pro cured and tried. In addition to this tbo whole territory within the radius of variation from abso lute accuracy In the old map and field notes Is being bored full of holes to tie depth of { about thirty feet. These holes are being bored close enough together to be. uure of striking the hull of the boat If the calcula tions as to Its location are not very much at fault. From levels taken at present and from the old field notes Mr. Graver estimates that the hull of the boat Is now In all prob ability about twenty feet bclowi the present surface of the ground. The promoters of tin- enterprise ilo not proposn to give It up until they succeed or have exhausted every known means of locating the hidden treasure , which amounts to a snug fortune , if It can be secured. , Mr. McNeely , from his own knowledge In working upon the wreck at tlie time the original efforts were made to recover the cargo. Is positive that only a small portion ' of It was ever taken from the hull of thu wrecked boat and Is also positive as to the J nature and quantity of It. Ever since that I tlmo he has cherished the hope of some day being In a position to prosecute the searcl > In which he and hi * companions are now engaged and Is very enthusiastic over the prospect * of success. That he and hii com panions have given up their everyday em ployment and are devoting their tlmo and spending money ror Us prosecution Is evl . Hence that they ' . not believe they are fol I lowing up any chimerical story which lias no foundation except In the Imagination of i some old-timer who gets it as a legend of ' the community In which he lives. The records in the departments at Washington also bear out their statements. That the Bertram ! was wrecked near that point In April , IS65 , Is a certainty and It U also certain that the river has changed so that the location of the wreck Is now far from the present channel of the river They hold that the original owners of the goods on the boat parted title when they accepted pay from the Insurance company and that the Insurance company has allowed its title to lapse by neglecting to make any effort to recover the property during All or these ycnrs , and If they can only uncover the hull o ( thn old river ( 'earner they have a small fortune In tight. They say they have faith enough In It to put In n yrar's tlmo and spend some money In securing tht services ot export engineering atslstanuo. WAHMMJS. HoMon Courltr. The Inrkas up to meet the sun , And caroling his lay ; Tha farmer's i < oy took down hU gun And at him blurod away. The busy hoe cot up nt " 3. " And bii2xed the inrndows o'er ; The farmer' * wlte wnll out for Us hlvo. And robbed It of It * store. 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