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10 HIE OMAHA DAILY BEE SUNDAY , JUNE oo , isns. i
ABE LINCOLN AS A PIONEER
GHmpecs of Early Life in a Piimitivo Illi
nois Village.
PILOTING FLATBOATS AND TENDING ST RE
ITS Innic n a Etorjr Teller Piomote * Hu l.
Hi calli cllpns of the lllnck
War Mixing liusl-
IICSB nnil 1'ulltlcj.
( Copyright , USJ. )
One day In April , 1831 , a flatboat floated
around the bend of the river Sangamon
above New Salem , an Illinois village founded
two years before. One of the men on board
was Denton Olfut , then owner of the boat ;
another was Abraham Lincoln , Its builder.
The boat and Its little crow , starting at
Sangamon town , n few miles up the river ,
were bound for New Orleans. They were
detained at New Salem only long enough to
get their boat over the Hutledgo and Cameron -
oren mill dam , on which It lodged. When
Lincoln walked Into New Salem thrco
months later ho was not altogether a
stranger , for the people remembered him
as the Ingenious fiatboatman who , a lit
tle while bsforo , had freed his boat from
water ( and thus enabled It to get over the
dam ) by resorting to the miraculous ex
pedient of boring- hole In Us bottom. Be
fore returning from New Orleans Denton
Offut had made up his mind to open a store
at New Salem In addition to several other
similar establishments managed by him nt
other places , and so delighted was he with
Lincoln , whom ho had found In the back
woods of Macon county a few months pre
viously , that ho resolved to place him In
charge of the now store. The precise date
of the opening of Denton Offut's store Is not
known. We only know that on July 8 ,
1831 , the county commissioners' court of
Sangamon county granted Offut a license to
retail merchandise at New Salem ; that
ho paid $3 for this license a fee which sup
posed him to have $1,000 worth of goods In
stock. We know , too , If there la any truth
In tradition , that there was a vexatious de
lay In the arrival of the goods ; that while
Lincoln was waiting at New Salem he plloled
down the Sangamon and Illinois rivers as
far as Beardstown a flatboat bearing the
family and goods of Dr. Nelson , who was
enough to pay a week's board In advance ,
boldly resolved to buy a store. IIo was not
long In finding an opportunity to purchase.
James Herndon had already sold out his halt
Interest In the Herndon Brothers' store to
William F. Berry , and Howan Herndon , not
getting along well with Berry , was only too
g.ad to find a purchaser of his half In the per
son of "Abe" Lincoln. Berry was as poor as
Lincoln , but that was not a serious obstacle ,
for their notes were accepted for the Hern-
den stock of goods. They had barely hung
out their sign when something happened
which throw another store into their hinds.
Reuben Hadford had made hlmrelf obnoxious
to the "Clary's Grove boys" a reckless gang
of rowdies from the "Clary's Grovo" settle
ment , five miles southwest of New Salem
and one night they broke In his doors and
windows and overturned his counters and
sugar barrels. It was too much for lUd-
ford nnd he cold out next day to William G.
Green for a $100 note signed by Grcsn. At
the latter's request Lincoln made an Inven
tory of the stock and offered him $650 for
It , a proposition that was cheerfully ac
cepted. Berry & Lincoln being unable to
pay cash , assumed the $100 note payable to
lUdford and gave Green their Joint note for
$250. The little grocery owned by James
Hutledgo was the next to truccumb. Berry
& Lincoln bought It at a bargain , their Joint
note taking the place of cash. The three
stores were consolidated. Their aggregate
cert must have been not less than $1.600.
The only store now remaining was the
"general store" of Hill & McNelll ; and if
this had been for sale on any terms we may
rest assured It would have passed Into the
hands of Berry & Lincoln. But they had
secured a monopoly of the grocery business1 ,
strictly speaking , and were probably con
tent. Hero we see two penniless men , with
in the brief space of a few weeks , become
the proprietors' of thrco stores and quit buyIng -
Ing only because there are no mere stores to
purchase. The spectacle Is as amusing as It
Is amazing ; but the whole transaction aptly
attests the unfaltering faith which the people
of New Salem had In Lincoln's honesty a
confidence which , as we shall see , was not mis
placed.
William F. Berry , the partner of Lincoln ,
was the son of a Presbyterian minister , Hcv.
John Berry , who lived on Hock creek , five
miles from New Salem. The son had strayed
from the footsteps of the father , for he was
a hard drinker , a gambler , a fighter and "a
very wicked young man. " Singular , It may
seem , that Lincoln should have picked out
such a partner , but In truth he did not select
"Hill" Berry , but rather accepted him 09 a
partner from the force of circumstances. It
required only a little time to make it plain
that the partnership was wholly uncongenial.
Lincoln displayed little business capacity.
He loved books as Berry loved liquor , and
hour after hour he was stretched out on the
counter of the ctore or under a shade tree ,
reading Shakespeare or Burns , or any book he
| | * -u- <
11 NEW SALEM.
starting for Texas , and that at Beardstown
he found Offut's goods waiting to be taken to
New Salem. Lincoln returned from Beards-
town on foot and on the wa'y met two men
with a wagon and an ox team. The men ,
then strangers to him , were James Gouldsby
and Ned Potter , and Offut had sent them
after his goods. Oftut had expected Lincoln
to wait at Beardstown until the ox team
arrived , and the teamsters , not having any
credentials , asked Lincoln to give them an
order for the goods. This , sitting down by
the roadside , he wrote out and Gouldsby
used to relate that It contained a misspelled
Word , which he corrected , but as spelling
around New Salem was largely a matter of
Individual taste It is just as likely as not
that Lincoln correctly spelled that word.
IN CHARGE OF DENTON OFFUT'S STORE
When the oxen and their drivers returned
with the goods , the store was opened In , a
little log house , on tbo brink ot the hill , al
most ever the river. Lincoln unpacked the
goods , put on the price marks , placed them
on the shelves , and then sat down to wait
for customers.
Denton Offut , full of business enthusiasm ,
fancied that New Salem had a great future ,
and to merely own a store In the- place fell
far short of gratifying his ambition. So he
forthwith leased the Hutledgo and Cameron
mill. Returning to Kentucky to supervise
tome of his- many other widely scattered en
terprises , ho left Lincoln In charge of the
utoro and the mill.
The frontier store filled a unique place.
Usually It was a "general store , " and on Us
shelves were found most of the artlc'es noded
In a community of pioneer * . But to be a
place for the. sale of dry goods and groceries
was not Its only function ; It waa a kind of In
tellectual and social center. Such a store was
that of Denton Offut. Hero began Lincoln's
fame as a story teller , and ho could hardly
have chosen surroundings more favorable to
the highest development of the art. It war
bore , too , that Lincoln acquired the title of
"Honest Abe , " a title which , conferred upon
him by Denton Offut and adopted by common
consent , clung to him ever afterward.
Through no fault cf Lincoln , Deaton Offut's
tore -was abort-lived. It was 'In operation
less than ten months. A constable ono morn
ing took possession and the goods were sold
to satisfy the claims of a legion of creditors ,
The store building was standing as late as
1S3G and presumably stood until It rotted
down. A flight depression In the earth , evi
dently once a cellar. Is all that remains of
Offut's store. Out of this hole In the ground
have grown three trees a locust , an elm and
i sycamore seeming to spring from the same
roots and curiously twined together ; and high
up on the sycamore some genius has chiseled
the face of Lincoln ,
LINCOLN GOES TO WAR.
In March , 1832 , we find Llncotn dlstr. bating
hand bills announcing his candidacy for the
legislature , and In May ho was mustered
Into the military service ot the state to help
drive Black Hawk back across the Missis-
tlppl. Lincoln was afterwards frank enough
to confess that ho did not go to war alto
gether from patriotic motives. Offut's store
had just closed and he. had got little out of
It except experience and a reputation for In
tegrity two valuable acquisitions , but neither
of them immediately convertible Into cash ;
and tbo fact tlat It would give him the
means lor the time of making a living ,
coupled possibly with the enchantment of
adventure , was what made him an Indian
fighter. Lincoln , though at the time proud
nf his election as captain of his company ,
never looked upon the Black Hawk war a. )
a serious affair , and to speak of Its "heroes"
always eecmcd to him a grotcique joke.
The war came to an end all too eoon. Lin
coln returned hime In Angus' , just In tlmo to
get beaten for the legislature. He newfound
found himself with nothing to do. It was
nt this tlmo that a New Salem frlond an
admirer of his powerful frame and' great
itrength advised Lincoln to become a black-
tmlth. but the advice was very Indifferently
received.
U was only natural that Lincoln should go
to the stores In ecarch of work , for clerking In
a store was the most agreeable employment
he had yet found. He applied successively to
nil of the stores then doing business In New
Baleiu , but they were In greater nerd of cus-
tomprs thaa clerks. The business bad been
crnatly overdone. Competition was too brisk ,
Ilio first store In New Salem was opened In
1829 by Wl.llam Clary , and within the next
two years stores were opened by Gcorse War-
bcrton , Henry Slnico ? . Hill & McNelll. Jamel
Rnlledftv , Jame * and Howan Herndon , Reuben
Had ford and versatile- Denton Oflut all to
eulisltt upon the pntronarja of u pparwly set
tled frontier community. In the fall of 1833 ,
when Lincoln wan looking for a job , there
were at Iciut four stores In New Salem. The
most pretentious cf these was that of Hill &
.McNc-ill , which carried a Inreo line of dry
rn1 % The Hires other ; these of thn Hern-
nnubon Hartford and James
little fellow waited , wl
, could borrow. He trusted largely to llerry ;
and Berry rapidly squandered the profits of
the business In riotous living. The only
wonder Is that the disaster which at last
came was to long delayed.
BERRY & LINCOLN GET A TAVERN
, LICENSE.
On the 6th of March , 1833 , the county com
missioners' court of Sangamon county granted
the firm of Berry & Lincoln a license to keep
a tavern at New Salem. A copy of this
license Is here given :
Ordered that William F. Berry , In the
name of Berry & Lincoln , have a license
to keep a tavern In Now Salem to continue
twelve month" from this date and that they
pay $1 in addition to the $ G heretofore paid
as per treasurer's receipt , and that they be
allowed the following rates , viz :
Fionch brandy , per hn.lt plat - " '
1't'nch brandy , per half pint IS'i
Apple brandy , per half pint 12
Hollnml Kin , ] > er half pint 1 * > " <
Domestic , per half pint , 15V4
Wine , per half pint -3
Hum , pur half pint IS'i
WhWty , per half pint 12'i
llroakfruit , dinner or BUpptr K
" * | HK , per nlKht ,
Homo , per nlflit - >
Single feed KA
UiuilifnM , dinner or supper for stage passen
gers 37i !
They gave bond as required by law.
And this Is a copy of the "bond according
to law" furnished by the Him :
Know all men by these presents , we ,
Willlum F. Berry , Abraham Lincoln nnd
John Howling Green , are held llrmly bound
unto the county commissioners of Sangamon
county In the full turn of $300 , to which pay
ment well and truly to be made we bind
ourselves , our heirs , executors and ndmlrils-
ttntors llrmly b > these presents , sealed
with our seal nnd dated this fith day of
March , A. U. 1S33. Now , the condition of
this obligation is such that , whereas , the
said Uerry & Lincoln has obtained a license
from the county commissioners' court to
keep a tavern In tn town of New Salem
to continue ono year. Now , if the said llerry
& Lincoln Bhnil not be of good buhavlor
nnd observe nil the laws of this elate rela
tive to tavern keepers then this obligation
to be void or otherwise to remain in full
force.
ABRAHAM LINCOLN. ( Seal. )
WILLIAM F. HEUHY. ( Seal. )
BOWLING GHEEN , ( Seal. )
( This bond appears to have been written
by tbo clerk of the commissioners' court ,
and Lincoln's name was signed by some ono
other than himself very likely by his part
ner. Berry. )
DID LINCOLN KEEP HOTEL ?
Why Berry & Lincoln procured this license
and what use they actually made of It can
only be surmised. Its discovery Is ot com
paratively recent date. Two or three bi
ographers who have written In late years
make a casual allusion to It , and say that no
tavern was ever actually conducted by Berry
& Lincoln , and a careful Inquiry has fully
confirmed this conclusion.
All the known facts make It probable
that the license was procured to enable the
firm to retail the liquors which they had In
stock. We may accept this theory without
reflecting In the slightest degree upon the
character of Lincoln. In a community In
which liquor drinking was practically uni
versal , at a time when whisky was as legiti
mate an article of merchandise as coffee or
calico when no family was without a Jug
when the minister ot the gospel could take
his "dram" without any breach of propriety
It Is not surprls-lng that a reputable young
man should have been found celling whisky.
Possibly because harboring a foolish fear
of doing an Injury to his reputation , Lincoln's
biographers have said practically nothing upon
the subject ; but the fact ? are too Interesting
to be suppressed , even If the suppression of
any facts concerning Lincoln were justifiable.
In the days when Lincoln kept a grocery
liquor was sold at all groceries ; but It could
not be lawfully sold In a lew quantity than
ono quart. The law , however , was not al
ways rigidly observed , and It was the custom
of storekeepers to "set up" the drinks to
their patrons. Each ol the three groceries
which Berry & Lincoln acquired had the
usual supply of liquor ? , and the combined
Block must have amounted almost to a super
abundance. It was only natural , and only a
stroke ot burinest , that they should seek a
way to dispose ot the surplus quickly and
profitably an end which could be best ac
complished bv telling It over the counter by
the glass. To lawfully , do this required a
tavern license ; and It U a warrantable con
clusion that t > uch was the chief aim of Berry
& Lincoln In procuring a franchise of thla
character. Wo are fortified In this- conclu
sion by tha coincidence that three other
grocers of New Salem William Clary ,
Henry Slncoo and George Warberton were
among those who took out tavern licenses.
To secure the lawful privilege ot selling
whisky by the "dram" was no doubt their
purpose , for their "taverns" were -ax mythical
at the Inn of Berry & Lincoln.
BUSINESS REVERSES.
Tbo partnership of Berry & Lincoln wai cot
Itu a I "Io"you'aarmft ) all thpse'tblngs to ooi
? rom and after Slay 7 , 1833 , until they ceased
doing business , their store was the postofflcc
md Lincoln was the postmaster. Surprise
has been frequently expressed that Presi
dent Jackson should ever have appointed a
whig to an office ; but the fact that Lincoln
cept "tho only grocery In New Salem , " and
bat he waa honest and popular , evidently
outweighed all partisan objections which
might have been raised.
As time dragged along the management of
bo business drifted moro and more Into the
lands of Berry. Lincoln had learned survey-
ns and he was frequently called to the coun-
ry. The stock of groceries was on the wane.
The numerous obligations at the firm were
maturing , with no money to meet them. Both
members of the firm , In the face of such ob
stacles , had lest courage ; and when Alexander
and William Trent one day asked If the store
was for talc , an affirmative answer was most
eagerly given. A price was agreed upon , and
he falc was nude. Now , neither Alexander
Trent nor his brother "Bill" had any money ;
but as Berry & Lincoln had bought without
noney , It seemed only fair that they should
jo willing to sell on the same terms. Ac
cordingly the notes cf the Trent brothers wo-o
accepted for the purchase price , and the store
was turned over to the new owners. But
about the time their notes fell duo the Trent
jrothers disappeared. The few groceries In
ho store were seized by creditors and the
doors \ver closed , never to be opened again.
.Misfortunes now crowded upon Lincoln.
ills late partner , "Bill" Berry , soon reached
.ho end of his wild career. Badly broken In
icalth he sought the shelter ot his father's
roof ; and ono morning a farmer from Hock
reek neighborhood drove Into New Salem
with the new a that "Bill" Berry was dead.
The appalling debt which had accumulated
was now thrown upon Lincoln's shoulders.
It was then too common a fashion among
men who became deluged In debt to "clear
out , " In the expressive language of the plo-
iccr , as the Trcnts had done ; but In this , as
n most respects , Lincoln was unfashionable.
IIo quietly settled down among the men ho
owed , and promised to pay them. For fifteen
years ho carried this burden a load which he
: heerfully and manfully bore , but ono so
tieavy that ho habitually spoke of It as the
"national debt. " As late as 1848 , so wo arc
informed by Mr. Herndon , Mr. Lincoln , then
a member of congress , sent homo money
saved from his salary to be applied on this
obligation. All the notes , with Interest at the
dlgh rates then prevailing , were at last paid.
Lincoln was still "Honest Abe. "
JOHN M'CAN DAVIS.
COA.Vt77ii.lAir/C5.
The marriage of Miss Lowpry of Wash-
ngton and the Duke d'Arcos , Spanish min
ster to Mexico , terminates an engagement
of twenty years , until very recently opposed
ay the bride's wealthy parents.
A year ago eight bachelors of Holland ,
Mich. , formed the Bachelor's brlgad ; , and 't
was agreed that the first one of the eight
to become a benedict should buy a wire
supper for the rest. The wins euppsr came
3ft the other night , the ranks having been
jroken by the marriage cf one member.
Mr. and Mrs. Cleary of Lafayette , WIs. ,
will celebrate their golden wedding In a few
days. They are plain country pople , but
they have raised up a family of SOIIH who
are attaining eminence in all the leaned
professions.
Even common washing so.ip may have a
romance connected with It. A girl in a Cin
cinnati eoap factory put a mte within the
wrapper of a bar of soap as follaws : "I
would llko to get married. Kindly addicts
Cora Lauxtermann , Ludlow Grove , O. " The
fateful bar was bought by C. D. AVashburn ,
a railroad man of Susquenanna , and an Item
In Friday's Cincinnati papers was beaded
"Washburn-Lauxtermann. "
The sensation of the day at Clinton , Mo. ,
Is the elopement of the helrezs , Miss Mary
Galnes , and Ira Wherry , the son of a livery
man of that city. Mi/s Galnes will be IS
years of age In November , and will come
Into an estate of more than $100,000. Mrs.
Galnes bad arranged a different program , but
It did not work.
A few days ago the engagement of A. G.
Barler , a well known architect of Raleigh ,
N. C. , and Miss Rachel Blythe was an
nounced. The latter Is a half-blood Chsrikce
Indian , but Is highly educated and accom
plished. Her mother was a full-blooded
Cherokee , living In the western eection of
that state. When the wedding day approached
preached , a legal friend of the prospective
bridegroom advised him to have the
csremony performed outside of North
Carolina , as there was an old law
which would affect the legality of his
marriage to a person of Indian de
scent in that btate. Accordingly , they
went to Washington , D. C. , where the cere
mony was duly performed laat week. When
they were getting ready to return to make
their homo In Raleigh an examination Into
the law disclosed that they could not live
there ns man and wife without subjecting
themselves to Indictment , as the law abso
lutely prohibits the marriage of Indians to
the third generation Inclusive. The mar
riage of Mr. Barler and Miss Blythe can be
legalized by the legislature , as will probably
bs done. But < u ? the legislature will not
meet again until January , 1887 , they will bo
compelled to make their home eU-swhere for
tbo next year and a half.
A thrilling elopement terminated lit a
romantic marriage In the Alabama state
penitentiary on the 20th. Mr. Lynn Edwards
and Miss Carrie Sedberry , two prominent
young society people , determined to marry
In rplte ot parents' objection and eloped.
Sheriff Sedberry , the father , and his son
were soon on the elopers' trail. Three times
within two- hours were their plans to marry
foiled by the near approach of the pursuers.
Finally the sweethearts separated and headed
for 4ho penitentiary by different routes. Miss
Scdberry , after an adventurous Journey ,
reached there first , confessed everything to
the warden and asked him to lock her up
and to admit no one but her sweetheart and a
preacher to her presence. Shortly Edwards
and Sheriff Sedberry arrived , the former a
little In advance. Ho and a preacher he had
secured along the road made etratghtway for
the prison , and Inside the high walls they
were united In marriage. When Sedberry
reached the gate it was locked. The happy
couple then slipped out a back way to the
station and caught a passenger train to
Montgomery , leaving the angry father of ( lie
bride pounding on the prison gates for ad
mission to prevent the ceremony ,
.so.x ; OX-IHK UK.IHT.
( Written for The Hoe. )
The west wind arose one morning In June ,
The birds all atllt , the ( lowers abloom.
He breathed o'er the garden a love song ;
nh , mel
As tender ns dawn ; as deep as the sea.
What mystic refrain dwelt its changes
among
No mortal hath uttered , no wood nymph
bath sung ,
But straight bloomed the Illy , and blushed
the rose red ,
While grandly the tulip her purple robes
spread.
The birds Circled closer , as soft grew their
call ;
The vine , -with a sigh , shed Its bloom on
the wall.
And two careless hearts , all untaught ,
learned to know
The message the west wind breathed gently
and low.
The June time shall pass , the fair Illy dlo ;
The rose and the tulip together shall lie.
But the heart of the maid and the heart of
the man
Sins on through the years the song the
wind sang.
Mrs. II. N. Bhuinan.
Nebraska City.
8 iurnp > nn ( ltli- ,
"I Know ot no city In this country , " says
an American abroad , "not even Chicago ,
that Impresses one so with a sense of newncfis
and ot great development as Berlin and
Glasgow , I remember Berlin fifteen years
ago , when It ceemed hardly as much of a
city as Dresden , Now It Is so wonderfully
built up and Improved that New York seems
In comparison with It an old-established
community , clew In Its growth. It Is much
the same with Glasgow , whose progress In
recent year * has been little less than mar
velous. If there are any Americans who
still think that our cities are the only ones
that grow like weeds , I would alvlse them to
take a trip abroad and get their eyes opened. "
I.nukt buiplcluut.
Judge : "When was George Washington
born I" asked the Englishman.
"One hundred and sixty-throe years ago , "
replied the American.
"And America waa dscovcred : In H92 ? "
"Yea. "
"Then how do you make out that Wash
ington was the father ot this country ? "
Basked the Englishman , triumphantly.
4i. , ,
glioali how to etjhem.
ECHOES OF THE ANTE ROOM.
Representatives to * the- annual session of
the Junior Order 6f T/nlJoU American Me
chanics , which convened in this city re
cently , were highly pleAsed with the recep
tion they met at the bands ot the citizens.
Besides the general care which was taken
of the visitors throughout the session , dur
ing one afternoon the delegates and their
ladles were given a carriage drlvs , South
Omaha , Florence arid Fort Omnha being the
points visited. At the fort there was a
special dress parade. On one ot the evenings
during the session a banquet was given at
tha Mlllard hotel In honor of the delegates.
In most of the contested matters the west
ern delegates won. The west was well repre
sented In the election of offices , the result' '
being as follows : National councilor , C. W.
Tyler of Virginia : vice national councilor , P.
A. Shanoro , Pennsylvania ; N. C. Cond. , Dr.
J. L. Cooper of Texas ; N. C. Ward. , W. A.
loward of Nebraska ; N. C. I. S. , J. L. In-
gram of Missouri ; N. C. O. S. , John W.
Mttlnger of Indiana. Three cities wore placed
n nomination for place of next meeting , but
Denver was chosen by a large majority.
An Important decision made excludes from
membership In the order all perjonj who sell
alcoholic or spirituous liquors ns a beverage ,
no matter whether he be the proprietor cr
clerk of any saloon , hotel or store , except
drug store , where such liquors are soli.
The following recommendation regarding
an orphan's home was adopted :
"That eald home be established at or near
the city of Tltlln , O. , and that the committee
ba empowered to receive tne deed for the
conveyance of the property In the name of
the national council. Junior Order of United
American Mechanics , and enter upon and
take formal possession of the same In the
rmtno of the national council ns soon as the
committee has assurance that It will receive
and can command the sum of $30,000 to be
paid to It within two years.
"That the national council set apart the
first week In April , to be known as 'Orphans'
Home Week , ' during which week all subordi
nate councils of the order bs requested to
hold entertainments , festivals , fairs , e-tc. , for
the benefit of the home , and that the na
tional councilor be Instructed to each year
Is'we a proclamation calling the attention of
the membership throjghout the United States
to the proper observance of the festival
week.
"That the appeal of the retiring national
councilor for a donation of 60 cents per
capita from the entire membership of the
order for the support of the home be received
by the board of officers of the national coun
cil , and that the board Ire Instructed to
officially bring this matter to the attention
of the board of officers of the various state
councils with as little delay as possible. "
Reports show that during the year ended
December 31 , 1894 , there had been a gain of
201 councils , the total number now being
1.9SO ; a gain of 9,366 members , the total
membership being 153,208 ; a gain of $22-
623.82 In the amount paid for sick and
funeral expenses , the total bslng $1,127,867.76 ,
and a gain of nearly $237,434.71 in the treas
ury , the total being $1,329,801.73.
Clarence D. Elliott , the venerable consul
of lieach camp No. 1454 , Modern Wcodmcn of
America , resigned his office on Friday night ,
June 21 , and on last Thursday started for
Orafton , N. D. , at whlcll place he will make
his future home. Before his departure an
entertainment was given In the lodge rooms
In the Patterson block In his honor , the pro
gram consisting of musical selections , eongs
and speeches , after -which refreshments were
served. The feature of the evening , how
ever , was the presentation of a gold chain
and charm to Mr. Elliott , on which the
emblem of the order was engraved. The pre
sentation speech was made by J. W. Houder ,
ex-venerablo consul , a response to which was
made by Mr , Elliott. The cam ? members
felt that in Mr. Elliott they lost a member
who had probably done more than any other
to keep alive life"and Interest , not only in
the lodge , but also In. the order. Many ex
pressions of regret at his departure were ut
tered.
The local members of the Patriarchal Circle
of America arc making extensive arrange
ments for the reception and entertainment
of the delegates who will attend the annual
session of the supreme temple , which will
convene In this city on Wednesday , July 10.
A very large attendance Is anticipated , the
number being estimated somewhere between
300 and 500. The headquarters of the dele
gations will bo at the Mlllard hotel. The
program has not been fully arranged , al
though the outline has been completed. The
session will open Wednesday morning In
some hall , which has not yet been chosen ,
with an address by Mayor Demls , which will
be followed by the address of Supreme Oracle
0. II. Lovewell of Englewood , 111. In the
evening a public reception and entertainment
will bo given In honor of the visiting guests.
On Thursday evening a grand banquet will
bo given at the Mlllard by the local mem
bers ot the odcr. : The banquet will be pre
ceded by work In the patriarchal feast de
gree , which \ Abe \ \ conferred on several can
didates. It Is expecte-d that a large amount
of business will be transacted by the temple.
A joint mcet'ng ' of the four Mason'e lodges ,
Capitol No. 3 , Nebraska No. 1 , Covert No.
11 , and St. John's No. 25 , was held last Mon
day night and the newly elected officers of the
several lodges were installed together. The
new officers cf Nebraska lodge No. 1 are as
follows : Worshipful master , Benjamin F.
Thomas ; senior warden , John D. Howe ; Junior
warden , W. S. Fclker ; secretary , W. C , Mc
Lean ; treasurer. J. W. Rodifer ; senior dea
con , Asel Steere , jr. ; junior deacon , L. Repley
Heed ; senior steward , James W. McDowell ;
Junior steward , James Gardner. The officers
of Covert lodge are : Worshipful master ,
Wallace E. Gibson ; senior warden , John E.
Simpson ; junior warden , Charles M. Eaton ;
treasurer , Michael O. Maul ; secretary , Eben
K. Long ; senior deacon , Tlllman J. Shirley ;
Junior deacon , George F. Drown ; senior stew
ard , John F. Smith ; Junior steward , Edwin T.
Lyon ; tyler , Charles S. Owens.
Omaha Conclave No. 334 , Improved Order
of Heptosophs , will meet In regular session on
Monday night , at which time several candi
dates will bo initiated. The supreme or
ganizer , Samuel I. Osmond of PLttsburg , who
instituted Omaha Conclave , will be present.
Among other matters that will come up for
discussion Is a reprt of the proce2(5lng3 ( of the
supreme conclave , which recently met In
annual session at New Haven.
On Friday night Triune lodge No. CG ,
Knights of Pythias , elected J. H. Dexton
representative to the grand lodge which will
meet In annual session In Lincoln this fall.
The rank of knight was conferred on several
candidates. Nebraska lodge No. 1 conferred
the second rank -several candidates last
week and will follow up this with work In
the rank of knight In two weeks.
The picnic given by Life Boat lodge No.
150 , Independent Order of Good Templars , In
Bcmls park on Wednesday night was a grati
fying success to those who had the matter 'n
charge. There were more than fifty templars
In attendance. Supper1 was served by the
women at 7 o'clock ) and for several hours
thereafter the time .was spent In races and
other forms of enjoyment. By no means
the least part of the pleasure was the enjoy
ment derived from the selections rendered
by the Tyroleans. An Invitation has been extended -
tended to all good templars In the city and
neighborhood to "meet In Hanscom park on
the afternoon of July 4 and spend the day to
gether.
Augusta Grove circle No. 1. Woodmen of
the World , of Council Blurts , will jlvo ; a
public entertainment on July 5 In IU hall.
The entertainment will open up with a
public Installation of the newly elided
officers ot the lodge , the Installing officer
being Sovereign Clerk John T. Yates of
Omaha. The Installation will be followed by
a program of musical and literary numbers.
The evening- will be closed with a banquet.
On July 4 Alpha camp. Woodmen cf the
World , will give an entertainment In IU
lodge rooms for the benefit of W. F. Erdman ,
wjio has been sentry of the rarnp since Iti
Initltutlon. On July 11 Alpha Camp quartet
will Klvo a concert In the same rooms for the
benefit of the leader. Prof. Rowe.
On Friday night Seymour camp. Woodmen
of the World , entertained a large number of
. * rUttt _ ! LlUL U' ' SO nd musicalprogram ,
sent 11'mcs" ' "l > " * * t r * rMHV' Siilui i3u ' Ko
occurred In the ledge hall at Sixth and
Plcrco streets.
At Descronto , Canada , the twenty-first an
niversary'of the founding of the Independent
Order of Foresters was celebrated with n
great deal of pomp. A great number of the
supreme officials of the order were present ,
among them being Supreme Chief
Hanger Oronhyatckha , IIo was presented
with a silver trowel and mallet , and to his
wife and daughter were given a china tea
set of 140 pieces and a set of brilliants , the
givers being seventy representative members
of the order. The celebration extended over
three days and was decidedly Interesting ,
At the regular meeting of Patten lodge No.
173 , Ancient Order of United Workmen , held
on Monday evening , Juno 21 , the following
officers were elected for the ensuing term :
Past ilmster workman , J , W. Allwlne ; master
workman , George Lohlcln ; foreman , II. W.
Allwlno ; overseer , Ed Schllck ; recorder , Wil
liam Taylor ; financier , G. M. Palmer ; re
ceiver , H. M. Bright ; guide , J. S. Doyle ;
Inside watch , W. E. Ptitman ; outside watch ,
P. G. Smith ; medical examiners , Dr. C.
Hosewater and Dr. A. W. Edmlston. The
installation will take place on Monday ,
July 1.
At a recent meeting Falls City ledge
No. 9 , Ancient Free and Accepted Masons ,
Installed the following officers : D. W.
Scawles , worshipful master ; D. D. Heavls ,
cenlor warden ; F. C. Wiser , junior warden ;
E. H. Towle , senior deacon ; Grant Stewart ,
lunlor deacon ; A. E. Gantt , secretary ; E. E.
Metz , treasurer ; II. C. Gapp , tiler ; Andrew
Cameron and J. W. Weaver , stewards.
Woodmen of camp No. 673. at Dccatur ,
went out and cultivated and hoed a thirty-
acto cornfield for one. of their sick neigh
bors , William Dlllcn , who had been tick for
a long time and was unable 1o do any work.
Some of the boys noticed the condition of
his field and got together and cleaned It up
to perfection. T1ie Woodmen have a strong
camp at Decatur and are Woodmen from the
ground up.
At North Loup at the last meeting of
Anchor lodge , No. 142 , Ancient Free and
Accepted Masons , the following olllcers were
Installed : Worshipful master , George W.
Smith ; senior warden , H. N. Colby ; Junior
warden , S. McClcllan ; senior deacon , E. C.
Hibbard ; Junior deacon , A. M. Stewart ; sec
retary , H. D. Williams ; treasurer , G. W.
Moore ; tiler , H. W. Hood ; senior steward ,
Haydn Strong ; Junior steward , E. S. Sears.
Crescent chapter , Order of Eastern Star ,
Installed the following officers : Mrs. A. M.
Stewart , matron ; H. N. Colby , patron ;
Mrs. Hattlc Scars , associate matron ; Mrs.
M. A. McClcllan , secretary ; Mrs. Linda Hood ,
treasurer ; Mrs. L. E. Ballard , conductress ;
Mrs. Mllllo Smith , associate conductress ; E. C.
Hibbard , sentinel ; Haydn Strong , chaplain.
At Osceola ledge No. 65 , Ancient
Free and Accepted Masons , Installed the fol
lowing officers : Worshipful master , E. L.
King ; senior warden , Dr. L. M. Shaw ; Junior
warden. Grant T. Hay ; secretary , H. H.
Campbell ; treasurer , Horace A. Scott ; senior
deacon , W. J. Conklyn ; junior deacon , L. K.
McGaw ; .stewards , C. A. Coon and H. P.
Shore ; organist , Fred Snider ; chaplain , H. F.
Henderson ; tiler , Freeman Shaw.
The blue ledge anJ chapter of the Eastern
Star of Red Cloud jointly Installed their offi
cers for the ensuing year. The blue lodge
officers Installed were : Master , A. G. Wil
lis ; senior warden , J. C. Myers ; junior war
den , B. E. Grlcc ; treasurer , M. II. McNutt ;
secretary , J. A. Tulleya ; senior deacon , H.
W. Brewer ; junior deacon , Joseph Kublcek ;
tiler , A. T. Ayers.
The Eastern Star Installed : Matron , Mrs.
H. W. Brewer ; patron , E. n. Smith ; associ
ate matron , Mrs. G. W. Llndsey ; secretary.
Mrs. William Parker ; treasurer , Mrs. A. G.
Willis ; conductress , Mrs. Dr. McKuby ; asso
ciate conductress. Mrs. M. Lester ; Ada. Miss
Mollle Ferris ; Huth , Mrs. Talbot ; Esther ,
Mrs. Strohm ; Martha , Mrs. E. B. Smith ;
Electa , Mrs. G. W. Knight ; warder , G. W.
Knight ; sentinel , II. W. Brewer.
The Installation ceremonies were followed
by a banquet.
At a regular meeting of Howalt lodgo.
Ancient Free and Accepted Masons of Ox
ford , the following officers were Installed for
the ensuing year , Past Master G. E. Whit
man conducting the ceremonies : W. T.
Pettygrove , master ; L. M. Brady , senior
warden ; J. H. Sherwood , Junior warden ; N.
A. Pettygrove , treanirer ; C. W. Marvin ; Bee-
rotary ; C. E. Hlnman , senior deacon ; D. D.
Mclntyre , Junior deacon ; J. S. Craig , Junior
steward ; J. A. Perkins , tiler.
At the regular St. John's day communica
tion ot Scotts Bluff ledge No. 20 , Ancient
Free and Accepted Masons , the following
officers were Installed : Harry W. Halg , mas
ter ; H. M. Thornton , senior wardcn O. W.
Gardner , Junior warden ; A. B. Wood , secre
tary ; Peter McFarlane , treasurer ; S. Raymond
mend , chaplain.
The public Installation of the officers of
Solomon ledge No. 10 , Ancient Free and Ac
cepted Masons at Fort Calhoun , was hold in
the Calhoun park Wednesday at 2 o'clock.
Past Master E. H. Clark of Blair conducted
the Installation , Hcv. Williams assisting as
orator. The following officer. ? were Installed.
Worshipful master , J , E. Hicks ; senior war
den , J. S. Chase ; junior warden , J , M.
Trlsler ; secretary , F. H. Frahm ; trea u-er , A.
W. Beales ; junior deacon , W. Wulf ; tiler , A.
Mlchaelson. After the installation dinner
was served In the park and a very pleasant
eoclal time was enjoyed by all. The at
tendance was large , a large number of
Masons and friends from Blair being in at-
tcndancs.
.1 SIlOHTUlt COLLEQK COVJISK.
Prof. GrcouoUBh of Harvard Dlscuues This
I'ropugltlou.
"It you want to see what Is In a boy set a
dog on him. " These words , used by Ralph
Waldo Emerson In a lecture in a western
city , were quoted the other day by Prof. J.
B. Greenough of Harvard university as giv
ing In part the significance of examinations
for entry Into the university. Prof. Gree
nough has In the last few days been con
ducting the preliminary examination In
Omaha. IIo Is well pleased that entrance
to Harvard Is now exclusively by examina
tion , and ho states that the- sentiment Is
that of almost the entire faculty. Certifi
cates are likely to be based on Indulgence
and not to be worth par on account ot the
allowances of Instructors Individually ac
quainted with , Interested in and often sym
pathetic with the pupil. The examination
Is the dog set on the boy. Using another
simile , It Is the wave Into which the boy Is
plunged to determine whettier he can swim.
It throws him on his own resources , and
though really a poor way to ascertain what
he really knows and can do , It Is the best
way the college knows. It Is a time when
the youth gets a hint ot the contact with
the world for which the college Is designed
further to prepare' him. The difference be
tween this examination and that of the
schools Is that It Is a measuring rod whose
Inches imvit bo Inches and whose feet must
be feet , and which arc not cut short by a
judge Inclined to stretch the real stature or
augment through any sentiment the real
strength.
Prof. Greenough confessed himself heartily
In favor of the movement , manifest at Har
vard and csrtaln other educational Institu
tions , to shorten the college course by one
year , so as to hasten the entry of young
men Into life occupations. He does not bs-
lleve that more than one year can ba taken
from the four years commonly required for
the degree of bachelor of arts , and he doe *
not believe that this can be done without
some sacrifice In the amount ot Instruction ,
This ho U Inclined to be reconciled to , but
he thinks that what U would be under pres
ent conditions could be considerably lessened
by more economic methods a * to uie of time
In the preparatory schools.
He sayn that the Harvard faculty U well
pleated with the result of the action dis
couraging professional athleticism among the
students of the unlvcrilty. He has no lies-
Itancy In laying that generally the students
moit Interested In athletics showed to disad
vantage In the cliss room.
Only two took the Harvard preliminary
examinations In Omaha this yearThey
wer' iloiler Colpetier and Clarence Thurcton.
The former recslved bli High school diploma
a fc * wrekt ago , and the latter will gradu-
EDUCATIONAL PROGRESS
Another Spoiling Eofoim Wave Gathering
Torco in the Country ,
DISPENSING WITH SUPERFLUOUS LETTIRJ
le.tclion InvciUcnto nntl Itpport
on Ainurlriin schools Do U'omuu'i
Chtck Aliitrliiionjr
lUlucittloiml Mote ? .
The phonetic system of spelling has re
ceived another boost by the publication In
New York of a dictionary based upon that
system. To stimulate Interest In the ques
tion , the publishers hive sent out circulars
Inviting suggestions and criticism. Several
prominent newspapers have taken up the
subject and discussed It In a friendly .spirit ,
agreeing on the main proposition that the
English language Is burdened with a mass of
useless silent letters.
That the existing English spelling Is a
philological monstrosity ; that H Is unsys
tematic , unphllosophlcal and Illogical ; that
It Is a stumbling block In the way of juvenile
education , and a terror and a pain to foreign
ers , Is pretty well agreed upon by all leaders
of modern thought. Nevertheless , says the
New York Herald , when the first spelling
reformers arose they \\cro laughed at as
visionaries nnd Utopians. The actual order ,
It was said , Involved so many vested Interests
that it would be impossible to change It ,
Just as In mathematics It would be Impassible
to change the barbarous decimal system to
an octomal or other system that would obvlato
many of the chief dllllcultles In calculation.
Nevertheless , the small band of reformers
persisted in braving ridicule. They gained
at last a qualified rasped * from educators ;
they attracted converts ; they marched on to
further victories , and at last they succeeded
In marshaling under their banners many of
the choicest minds of the day. It is not too
much to say that in theory at least most
educators ot today are In sympathy with
the movement.
Cm the theory bo put Into practice ? The
enthusiasts determined to try so early as
1828. They gained over the author of Wcb-
ster'e dictionary , \\boso original work was
gotten up on a phonetic basis. But though
conservatism won the day against most of
the reforms advocated by Wfbster , so that
succeeding editions of his book were forced
to drop them , something was gained. The
unnecessary u In such words as colour ,
neighbour , etc. , was permanently banished
from American literature , and innovations
like plow and theater gained a halt-hearted
assent.
Since that time the cause has prospered
slowly , but surely. And now the faithful
think the tlmo Is ripe for concerted action.
In dUcussIng the proposed reform the Lou-
Isvlllo Cdurler-Journal says : "In the school
of today the child Is taught to read In the
beginning ; nnd while the study of spelling
Is pursued at the same time the drills In
orthography are much shorter and less nu
merous. Several circumstances , however ,
have united to make up for these. In the
first place there arc the blackboard exer
cises which form Buch an Important part of
elementary training. Pupils as well ns
teachers take part In these. The children are
also required to submit written compositions
even In the primary grades. The eye Is thus
trained with the memory , and a quick and ob
servant eye Is one of the rcquls.tcs for an
accurate speller. It would seem , therefore ,
that while less importance is attached to this
branch of study children do not suffer even
in this respect from the change In methods
of training. Also people read so much more
now than formerly that this habit has an
Immense educative Influence wh ch keeps up
the average of spelling ability.
It was one of Franklin's sayings that while
It was no credit to a man 10 spell well It
was a disgrace for him to spell badly. That
remark showed the acute observation for
which Franklin was d.stlnguIsheJ , for It has
crystallzed In a sentence popular feeling
upon this subject. Bad spelling provokes not
only contempt , but also ridicule. There Is
something as ludicrous to the average mind
In defective orthography as in the ] > erplcx-
ing hesitations of the stammerer. The suc
cess of Artcmus Ward , Josh Billings , Sam
Slick and many other humorists was built
up largely on the recognition of this propen
sity to laugh at mental and physical defects.
But while the man who deliberately mis
spells a word may aspire to be considered a
wit , the one who does so from inability Is
sure to bo laughed at. A man may bo a
scholar and yet If unable to put the right
letters In the right place In any combination
of syllables , he must suffer the Imputation
of Ignorance.
No school and no pupil can afford to neg
lect spelling. The study Is difficult , but while
Its mastery may pass unnotccd the lack of it
never escapes observation. There Is really
another criticism , though It may not bo so
generally recognized by those who apply the
principle. The ability to spell well indi
cates careful observation and accurate mem
ory , while the Inab.llty to do so Implies the
reverse.
The adoption of a system of phonetic
spelling- a reform that will come slowly , If
at all. Many years would bo required to
teach people that the new method was not
simply bad spelling and until they could beget
got out of the opinion that it had Its In
spiration In necessity ItU'tead of choice they
would ridicule the writer and the practice.
AMERICAN AND FOREIGN SCHOOLS.
Five women teachers were sent from England -
land to this country to study and report
upon secondary schools for girls and Insti
tutions for the training of women. Their
reports have been published by Macmlllan
and are well worth careful reading. The
authors , says ? the Philadelphia Ledger , were
chosen as representatives of the best training
of expert teachers in England and were there
fore fully alive to the differences of the ad
vantages and disadvantages of the American
schools and those of that country. Each
how our schools look In the eyes of English
took a special aubjcct and made a report on
it , and together they enable us to see just
teachers. Some of the matters described
ore , of course , familiar enough hero for In
stance , that we have no national school sys
tem , such as exists abroad , but that educa
tion is a matter left altogether to the elates ,
though there Is a certain amount of uni
formity In our schools , less perhaps than that
enforced by central authority In Great
Britain , Franco , Germany and Switzerland.
One of these watchful observers lays stress
on the systematic cultivation of the spirit of
nationality fostered by national holidays and
on the admirable order and discipline that
result from the freedom of behavior In school
hours. Co-education Is said to give girls
moro dignity , quiet and self-possession and
to boys a wholesome restraint In their man
ners. The splendcd provltfnn made for our
public schools in buildings and equipment of
course calls forth praise from these watchful
observers , The private schools In this coun
try ore reported to educate about one-twelfth
the school population nnd to bo as good ns
any In the world. In our primary school *
history of the United States la taught much
better than English history In schools
of the same grads' abroad. Ameri
can schools make moro use ot oral
work , blackboards , maps , pictures * ,
models , scientific collections are necessities In
America , luxuries In England. School libra
ries , laboratories , studios , gymnasiums are
found hero and not abroad. The American
pupils have moro sclf-rellnnco nnd a greater
love of knowledge for Its own sake rather
than for the prizes which are made such an
Important part of all English school work.
Ono of the ladles who made this Inspection
thinks that not sufficient attention Is given
here to the development of the Individual tal
ents of a particular boy or girl , and that
although ample provUlon Is made for Indoor
gymnastics In girls' schools there Is almost
complete neglect of outdoor games and rec
reations.
The training ot teachers naturally re
ceives much attention In these useful llttlo / * * <
reports , especially so because England and
America have both made great advances In
tbo past few years , , yct each country lias
Keno to work In Its own way , Ignoring- and
neglecting hitherto any comparison with the
methods of the other.
The simple , matter of fact , expert way In
wh ch these five English women have studied
our schools Is of Itself the best proof that
they have found them well worth praise ,
DO WOMEN'S COLLEGES CHECK MATRI
MONY ?
In the Nineteenth Century the practical re
sults of giving the higher education to women
are discussed by Mrs. A. M. Gordon from an
Interesting paint of view , says the New York
Sun , Women In England have for some tlma
had access to unlvcrilty training , which la tha
substance , and cf course the degree , which U
the shadow , will bo soon attainable , slnco tu
deny It Is now Illogical and unjust. Whol
good have the new opportunities of education
done the women who have turno.l them to ao.
count ? Mrs. Gordon has collected n quantity
cf statistics upon the subject , and from thcs
she deduces the conclusion that a college
training has not opened for women to any ap
preciable extent modes of earning a livelihood
beyond the old-faahloncd methods of teaching- ,
companionship and needlework ; and that , „
moreover. It operates as a decided check ta
matrimony.
There Is , no doubt , ono good result of thd r
higher education that Is not capable of meas
urement by statistics. Wo refer to the wide *
Interests , the larger outlook upon life , and the
trained Intelligence which are procurable at
universities , but only by the minority df stu
dents who strenuously avail themselves of thtf
facilities at hand. The women , llko the men ,
who take n mere pass course , might
better have stayed at home. Let
us turn , however , to these positive and
practical Bains which are susceptible ot
mensuration. Mrs. Gordon shows that out
of 720 feminine students who have passed f
through Newham college no fewer than 37 *
are engaged In teaching. Of the rest , 230
are living In their own homes , supported , in-
ferentlully , by their male relatives. _ Just
five are doctors , two are missionaries , one la
a market gardener , ono a bookbinder , thrco
are working In charity organizations , sixteen
have died , thirty-seven have left the United'
Kingdom and most of the remainder are en
gaged In some sort oC secretarial wbrk for
which some proficiency In typewriting wouldi
probably have proved an adequate equipment.
From Glrton college comes concurrent testi
mony. Ot 335 students who have there ob
tained degree certificates 123 ore teaching ,
two are mleslonarles , six are In government
employment , four are engaged In medical
duties , six are dead and the rest live at their
own homes. In a word , the ovldenco
demonstrates that thus far a college education ,
has done next to nothing In the way of giving
women additional means of self-support.
Passing to the effect of university training
upon n woman's chance of entering the holy\ \
state ot matrimony , Mrs. Gordon first takes
In the case of Glrton , whoso young women
most profited by their opportunities. Of the
79 Glrton girls who have obtained the cer
tificate for the mathematical tripos , or who ,
In American terms , have taken honors In
mathematics , only six have married ; of the
07 who have passed the classical tripos , ten ,
have become wives ; of the 47 who hnvo gene
through the honor course known as the nat
ural science tripos , seven have married. On
the other hand , the feminine students who
have contented themselves with a slmplo
pass degree , that Is to say , who have thrown
away their exceptional privileges , furnish a
larger proportion of wives. The figures se
cured from Ncwnham furnish similar results.
To sum up , about one In nine or ten of these
girls who take honors nt Newnham or Qlr-
ton , marries ; while about two In every flvo
marry of these who take a certificate equlv ?
alent to an ordinary degree.
The deduction drawn from these facts li
that If a mother sends her daughter lo on-
of the English universities , the latter Is far
moro likely to become a teacher than a wife. .
Is this tiue , also , of the Harvard and Colum * .
bla annexes ? We may expect to see that ' .
question answered ten or fifteen years hence ,
when sufficiently demonstrative statistics
shall have been compiled.
EDUCATIONAL NOTES.
Oscar J. Craig , professor of history at
Purdue university , has Just been elected
president of the Montana State university !
at a salary of $3,500 per year.
Dr. Charles F. Kent , who Is to go from
the University of Chicago to Brown uni
versity , Is tc bo professor of biblical history *
and literature In the latter Institution. IW
Is a. native of Palmyra , N. Y. , and a grad
uate of Yale In the class of 1S89.
The first woman to receive the dcgrco o (
LL. D. In North Carolina IR Mrs. Cornelia P.
Spencer of Cambridge , Mass. The honor waa
conferred by the University of North Care
lina. The lady is a sister of ex-Solicitor
General Samuel F. Phillips of Washington ,
and her father was a professor In the uni
versity.
President Oilman of Johns Hopkins uni
versity , who has accepted the otfico ot chief
ot the bureau of awards of the Atlanta ex
position , has started to work already con
structing a system of awards. Ho has
cabled to Paris for offers ot designs and an
nounces that awards will ba delivered to tha
exposition managers one month after the
exposition opens.
Miss Marian Sara Parker of Detroit Is the
first woman to graduate from the depart
ment of engineering of the Michigan uni
versity. On Thursday last she took the
degree of bachelor of science In civil en
gineering. She has taken the full course
provided for those who desire to become civil
engineers , except the field work In surveying ,
and for this she substituted drawing.
A Wimteit Opportunity.
Washington Star : "Young man , " said the
Colorado editor , "you'ro a good poet , but
you can't write for this paper. "
"Why not ? "
"You lack Judgment. At < ho threshold ol
an opportunity your discretion deserts you. "
"I inurt confess I don't quite follow you. "
"In this poem you refer to the glorlea ol
the KoU'n moon. "
"Yea. "
"You could just as raltly fiavo made II
'silver mean. ' It wouldn't have Injured tin
sense of the meter In the slightest. And
you didn't do It. "
Did You ? W
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