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About Omaha daily bee. (Omaha [Neb.]) 187?-1922 | View Entire Issue (Jan. 14, 1894)
r E UNDAY BEE. H. ESTABLISHED JUNE 19 , 1871. OMAHA , SUNDAY MORNING , JANUARY M , W9J-SIXTEEN I > AGES. SINGLE COPY JTVK ? CKNTS. \ HAVE YOU BEEN TO Third Week : Profit No Object. All Prices Cut. Unprecedented Values. Tomorrow we start in upon the third week of OUR GREAT COST CASH SALE. OurJanuary importations of Linens have arrived , are all marked off , and will cod on sale tomorrow at their actual cost to us , thereby giving our friends an opportunity to buy linens at a less price than was ever known before. All odd lots of linens will be closed out at. less than cost.Ve would also call your at tention to the under cost bargains in the new skirt-coat , Silks , black and colored dress goods , etc. , etc. Read carefully this entire ad. it contains a world of interest to you. Right in line with your economy. SILK UNDER COST. Our under cost HI nclals In sill * for Moridnv will consist of Colored Crystal Bagd-l MONDAY Hno.wortli 87Jo , 1 ° " \y \ Ulm-U Surnli , worth 7Cc , [ 4:2oC Black Sutin worth G2e. ! J pOr Yard , Alt the rest of our silks o nt cost. Tlnit menus if you buy your Bilk of ua you save at least 2.O nor cent. UNEXAMPLED. UD3UIAJ& "BLACK A ROYAL BANQUET -OF- BREEZY BARGAINS PRIESTLEY'S Novpltv fii'imlH Hair rcjnilnr prlcn $1 fid a yard. 'Monday and 1'iuwlay we lower the record. AU > AT Regular price AM. AT $1,50 674c A Yard. HUY NOW. A Yard. Colored Dress Goods. Under Cost Bargains for Monday. French Broadcloth , 52 inches wide ; rcpular Sl.ftO d utility , at 89c. Imported Holistic/icings , strictly all wool ; our 05o qunlity , goes Monday at 33c. DRESS PATTERNS ALMOST GIVEN AWAY ! 815.00. S2O.OO nud 825.00. High Novelty Dross Pattoriiri , only one to 11 customer Monday at S5-OO. All other dress Roods goat actual cost. MILLINERY DEPT. MONDAY'S GREAT SALE. One lot of Trimmed Hats , former price $3.00 to SO.OO. Your choice tomorrow SI.5O ench. $5.iO ( , S > 7.00 and SB.M huts and bonnets , all trimmed , your choice Monday $3.OO each. > All faq-ncli Felt Untrimmcd Hats , Btniill-Hic.dUim ; and largo , go ut 95c. Fancy feathers , birds' wingn. ostrich tips , 2c uffd GC'e. DRESH FINDINGS. 2-Inch l-.vtird length bliH : velvet facing , best quullly. Iric. I'ato ' nt liooUs and oynVJ'aO ' tv do/en. Htncklnol Orus * shlonH , He a pair. I'alr anti touiiro rnbhor-lliied drnss plilctdi , No. I. lOrj No. ' . ' . li'ic : No \ irii-s No. l u ; No. n , ' 'Pc ! pviiry Riileld uuaruituo I. Tlic vi'lvol dross shluld , woi til . 'ic to IITx.1 , will go ut l.'ic a pair. Our rest tubular bone oaslii''it ( Co a bolt. ( ilncrCTEO liollln ? in iflo a bolt. IDo : inil 15o I oiling at To. C'nrollno dross stay ? , nil eo'ors , IBo. All our wool , silk and molialr trimming braids at ' , i price. lroBinaU ) ( > rH should not miss this sale. NOTIONS. Jtrooks' cotton and ICerr's 200-yard cotton at to a spool. Heavy nlcldo-plated sTfety pins atle a do/.en ; all sl/.i'H * Horn hair | ) 'ni , shell , amber and black , at ! > o a do7i'n. The host born hnlr p'ns tOc a dcuon. - l.aiKOsl/o hnrn hair pliH. shell amber mid liliiek. worth I0c. Mnndiv la unrli. All - " ' horn pins with fanuy tops at lUconch. Kn inulfd hut pins f.'He. The I'usl full cimnt u n . lo a paper. Iilnen thread. 2o a < ; pool. TOILET- ? . Td I'lnnud' triple c.xtr.iet. "Oo an ounce ; solil overywhiirp ut fl. I'll ro coroa soup , ' 'Co a do/pln ; eauoi. l'iiliili | > s Ini'usoaii. ( fine's I'lltcrlni. Dusky niamond , Mnttled Uastllo and 1'uro CJIyeerlno liars , at. Ic a eakp. .Swan's Down powder. To n box. ii'io Swan's Down unwiier. Kle a box. Dumnf Iti.tr s ut lOe a box ; 1 curling Iron w.th oauli box. I EMEKOIDKKY UNDRll POST. Our now stoi-k Is now opon. Embroidery , 7 lIo. . MfH ) varfls of ombrolderv , bought to sell for l. " > c mid -'li' ' , go on siio ! at'ljc ; no limit. Eiubvolclcry , 13o. il..V5yailsof rmhroldrry , all now , elegant Roods , bonsht to tell for ± " > e and IT.c , go on sale at Klu ; no limit. Einbro'ilcry , l"c- 2.000 yard of Pinbioldcry. now rrniH the lat est In duslKii. boni'lit to soil for Oc. no during this sale for 1'Jc : nolimll. VEILS , lOc. WO veils tomorrow , nil ro'or.s , all styles , to elose them out only l"c oneh. MUSLIN UN DERIVE AR nt a proal hai-rltlrn. COHHF.'l'-C'OVKHS 15o tomorrow. lOOcorsot covers , all sl/cs. worth " 3i § , will bo sold at 15c ench. C.OWN'S 'ISo tomorrow , 200 powna bonirlil to Bell for line , all nice sooiln , lull size , will bu noUl for .IHc. DOWNS AND SKIUTS 78c tomorrow. .100 ffowim nuil HklrtH. all nl/.e. nice made anil lioanlully | IrlinmiMl : j'onrcholpe "He. ( iOWNSuVNUSKlKTStlPPtomonow. 'JIXlROwns mill HUlrtu , an extra special , inaile of l > i > n < 4ilal ( . ' miiHlln and cambric , extra wlile. nle < ly inade.worlh Sl.f.O and $1.70 , your choice , wldle they last , only USL' ' CORSETS. Onrporcet sale Hllll coiitlinipH. KVKItVTIIINOHOMSATCOST. new gotMlH In cluded. Laufxnt cost. KlliUuiiH at cost. , Trlm- iiiliiB at cost. IlultunHatcoHt. Fur trimming at cost , tliubrullafi in coat. Utirhis tldt , month. Don't fall to buy now. Greater and Grander Than Ever. 250 Pattern Cloths will hu sacrificed , One thousand ilo/jn Napkins will 112 sold at less than they cost to import them. Hemstitched linen pillow c.is..s sold at less than yoit can buy the linen by the yard , Heil Spreads in all grades will be sold cheaper than ever before. Muslins and Sheeting at Actual Cost. Odds and Ends will be sold at Less Than Cost. Mail Orders Always Filled Agents for Her Majesty Corsets and IT Promptly. Onyx Dye Hosiery. Gloves Cleaned. | i RISE OF NEBRASKA CITIES Development of Munioipal Government Since Territorial Times. FROM VILLAGE TO METROPOLITAN LIFE A Pnpor mi Municipal Government In Nc- briiHlm Itciiil by Dr. Victor llosbwator llcforo tlio Stnto IlUttirlcul So ciety i t Lincoln , Paper read before the State Historical so ciety at Lincoln , January 9 , by Victor Rose- witter , Ph. O. : 1 deem it proper at the outset to define briefly the scope of tills paper. Of simple historical narration but little will enter into my exposition of tills subject. Instead of goincr Into thu incidents and controversies , thu factional fights anifjealouslcs which have existed in Nebraska cities from the very be ginning of their careers , ! propose to omit all allusion to social development or political nomination and toconllno myself solely ton bltetch tracing the growth of that govern mental organization to which has been given the administration of local affairs. My papcr.then , so far as It constitutes history at all , Is a history of legislation an attempt to truce the evolution of our city governments frpm the romroralivoly simple machinery of the early days to thu complex and compli cated system which prevails in cities of thu metropolitan class today. A word , too , may bo necessary as to the method which I have pursued. The materials have been sought In the constitutions , laws and statutes of this state. My purpose being , however , as 1 have Just explained , to ti-aco tlio development of our system of municipal government , 1 have considered It unneces sary to analyiio each and every city charter and thu many amendments mtulo thereto uo- cause in very many cases the changes are immaterial for my purposes. His enough to examine the simplest and earliest city charter - tor and to follow up the changes relating always to the cities ot thu highest class. This shows the highest development of iniuiielp.il government In Nebraska at each tmcccsslvo period of .time , although at the pamo tlmo the smaller cities mny have been administered under statutes belonging , in character at least , to an earlier period. ' I'nwur of ' OicatliiR Mnnlulpa'ltloa. Municipal government being the creation of a higher or moro central uovcrnmcnt could not exist in Nebraska until after the territorial oruanU.ition. The Kansas-Ne braska law In ISM vested nil legislative iiowors conferred by it In the governor and legislative assembly of the territory. This , according to legal construction , included tlio power to grant charters ot incorporation to local communities. Hut , although the lirst election proolamatlon of Governor Cumlug mentions Omaha City and Urownvlllo among the list of election precincts and although n liter proclamation ilxlng the judi cial districts for the territory named Omaha City , llellovuc , Nebraska City and Florence nt ) the places where court should be hold yet no true municipal government existed until thu legislature at Us first session paused an nrt approved March a , 1855 , Incor- poraling Nebraska City , Omaha City , the territorial capitalremaining unincorporated until two years later. From the territorial legislature the power to incorporate municipalities passed natur ally to the state legislature as Its successor. Ono Higc Ilk-ant Innovation was brought out by the adoption of the constitution of isco , In that it did away , once and for all time , with thu porulclom system of special charters to cities and commanded thu legislature to provide for the organiza tion of cities and incorporated villages by general laws only , requiring it , moreover , " to restrict their powers of taxation , assess ment , borrowing money , contracting debts and loaning their credit so as to prevent the abuse of such power. " This provision , liter ally construed , was mandatory upon the leg islature. Among the legislative purposes enumerated in tlio call for the special ses sion of the now state legislature in the spring of 1SOS was tills : "To provide for the organization of cities and incorporated villages ; " but yet nothing was accom plished under this heading until the lirst general municipal Incorporation act became law in 1SCU. The constitution of 1875 loaves the power of incorporating municipalities with the state legislature and substantiall rc-cnacts the clause requiring it to do so by general law. Additional restrictions are placed upon the extent of local powers to bo granted , natively , that taxation other than special assessments must bo uniform with respect to parsons anil property within thu jurisdiction of the body Imposing thu same ; that no municipality ha permitted to secure any Interest in the stock of any railway or prlvuto corporation ; that no city bo allowed to make donations to promote any internal improvement , unless authorised by a vote of the people , which veto must show two-thirds of thu voters in thu iilllrinative , if thn dona tion exceeds 10 pur cent of the city's valua tion , and must not exceed 15 per cent in any event. Ktirly Municipal charter * . The territorial and state legislatures have lost no opportunity to take the utmost ad vantage of thc.su powers vested in them. The lirst territorial legislature at Us first acssion In 185-1-5 passed no less than fifteen special charters for whatever patior cities might have made application for incorpora tion. Thcso charters wcro all very similar In character , modeled upon the Nebraska City charter , which In turn was most probably copied In all essen tial particulars from charters of cities in Iowa , from which state most or the earliest territorial laws were derived. Thuy defined the territory subject to municipal govern ment , conferred corporate capacity upon Its inhabitants , prescribed the qualifications of voters , vested the local legislative powers In thu mayor and common council comprising three to nine aldermen , enumerated the powers of local administration and ordained a friuno of govormcntal olllces. The elective oftlcurn were the mayor , aldermen , marshal , recorder , treasurer and assessor , each serv ing terms of ono year only. These special charters were amended , inodllled. consoli dated from year to year und now ojies added to the list wltli appalling frequency fifteen in ISM , nine in 1S.VJ. In IWU the territorial legislature oven went so far as to repeal the charter it had granted to Kontenullo and to tmtnn a board of trustees to wind up its affairs. How many of the chai'tcrs went un accepted I huvo no moans of knowing , ticncrnl .Municipal Corporation Acts. There had been a general law passed as early as 1M7 , providing for the incorporation of towns under a system of government by trustees , and this had boon revised and ra- enacted in 1601. Dut up to thu at tainment of statehood municipal gov ernment In Nebraska hud been practically a government under special charters. The Urs. , state constitution forbade - bade the continuance of this practice and as a consequence wo find municipal corpo rations divided Into two classes and organ ized under general laws after the session of the legislature In ISiVj , The first class com prised cities having il.OOO qualified voters as shown by their registration lists , and whenever this should become apparent thu governor was to proclaim the fact , whereupon - upon iho city would become subject lo tlio statute relating 10 cities of thu first class. Cities of the second class wcro lo bu re cruited from the Incorporated towns that should litid themselves possesso.1 of 500 legal voters. The determination , then , of thu character of the municipal government wai made to rest not upon a particular designation of territory , as under the special charters , but upon the number of qualified A lot of blca"hod danmsk Tnblo Cloths will Greatest silo of Nankins over nttatnutod by bo closed out nt the foliovlntr prices : any 010 ho-.iso In the country. Bleached Table Lioen a varcls lonir 12.15 : well worth 1 .V ) . 100 do..on Napkin * ut ( I. H ; worth from 75c to , ! i'i ' ynicH longti. . : well worth f4.00. $ > . ( > ' . : i yirds : loiitf M 15 ; wo I worth f 1.5(1 ( KUdo/.cn Napkins at i'l.GS ; worth from ? . ' . - . " > " . : : - ! Napkins to match tl.l.'xlo/.en ; worth W. to * . ! . : . , > , 10 piecesfill-Inch damask nt ' "Jo : worth 00" B pio-09 Ill-inch < 1 imask lit 'Je ) ; worth $1 1.1. rud'uon NapKlm nt ii.iJSvurth : from M.60 . . . . to fl.OJ. : i pieci's TC-lnch datn.isk at JI.10 : worth fl.M. ' " UnUloachoU damask from 3Jo to $1.50 oor > > < lo/.cn Napkins nt M. [ ' > : worth fromtlto fl.VJ. ynrd. Towels Towels Towels , , , 3otl Spreads. Bed Sp oacls , Wo h-ivo too many Hud Spro.ids. Wo must , HEMSTITCHED and . lintels Hoarding houses restaurants. close them out. it oiu-o. Iluro In your opportunity. 100 do/.un pure 50 hoiioycoinb Hod Snro'ids at 80o : worth fl.OO linen liuek tuwuls , fringed and hemmed at HKI lar.ro and heavy Hod Spreads , worth tl.50 linen Pillow Cases 12c ! ; well worth I5o to 1R& for { I each. , .Vi coiiulno Marseille Hod well ) JOOdo/.on lire and line buck towels will bo Spreads ; / ; ; " worth * l. for ? I.V > . 151 pairs | ) iirn linen pillow cases , worth 11.75 , cloMMi out at ! > - each. .VlL'unu no Mari.dllcs Hed Spreads , regular will ln < closed out nt il.10 pair. r > J ( lo..en line buck towels , will bo closed out M.OJ woods , at fl-IS each. Wo Uufy computltlonon these pillow ease . ' . at I'.le. A lilt ; lot of hack and damink towuls will bo Wo are offering gro .t value In crash. You closed out atlilc oach. ointht , to lay In u bu supply now. Never WDM All kind * of hemstitched anil stampc.'l linens Thou sen tlio towuls wo are ottering tliov sold so ch-ap us now. Never will they will bo sold at a dlSL'ount of 20 per caitl. Lay . ni'.HWe. Von never si" w thu like bcforu. be a 'aln. In your supply now * Muslins and Sheeting will be offered ! at net cost , A full line of all the popular brands now in stock. BOYS' WAISTS UNDER COST- LADIES' HOSIERY - U.MDSR Domestics Under Cost. On Monday wo will make a apodal ell'nrt to COST. 13 pesdonblo fold Slclllliin cord. TOT. I5c , for5c icdtico our stock of Hoys' Waists. Every Ilrowns and drub , plain colors. thing In the department In one lot fQn . I ease ladles' best qnallty of fine I'rcnch 20 pes fluciolliiuil e.ichmcre , rugularuVi : . for Ijo Cash'nero an I he ivy weight so.unless onyx 1'arev fUurcd and stripes. They are worth all the way up to II..Y ) and dye I lleoi'o Ilno'l hoso. Qualities always sold 15 pcs.'l ) In. henrleltii elolli , r xularMc : , for lie Jl.7. > each. Lai.ndcrcd and mil inn lured. at .Vie and T5c. I'or Mondy : ( OOn Tin * .Nuvv : ini ; black sround lUureJ. .Madras and Percales nndl'lno I'rench I'lan- only they go In one lot at 2 Ow JJiliAl. . TO pcs host dross style aliuhann. re ? . li'jc ' , ! " > c nels In black , white mid volors. all 78c eaeh. 25 PCS fancy s.itconsfor com torts , rog. iie. h.'iju All Sizos. LADJES' VESTS UNDER COST Flannels Under Cost. UNDER CO IT. UNDERWEAR . Icasooxtr.i heavy i-cnuino combed Kgyp- llpcB dark ouMng llannel , regular l.'e , now So All our lio'ivy winter wclsht men's nntlor- tlun cotton vests , silk tape In neck and s.llc ID pcs cream shaker llaiiuel , regular lO..iuw 5c weir : in nil wool , plain anI rlbucd : also line llnlshed fronts , high imcji , lon sloevesi : res- 10 pcs fancy gljured oldordown llannol , medium weight merino , sold nsu.illy ut $1.0) , ular C5c quality. On MoAdny they 1:0 at 33j. ! roxnlar IDe. now l.'e 81.25 u ml tl.W , 15 pcs wool figured Jersey llannol. All in ono lot at 78o e rmo it- CHILDREN'S HOSE UNDER resul ir83s , now 53o HOSE. COST Blankets Under Cost. W ) dozen men's extra flnonuallty merino half ; A few pairs white blanket ? , pllehtly-sollcd. hose. In black , slate and tans ; regular 2Jo and 200 dozen Chllds''flue finality heavy soam- Our rcgnliir SIM per pair for JitX ) . jjo duality. lojs Wool'lloso , roTtiUar.'U > ciuallty. ( On Mon- Our ro.sulnrfl.2i per pair for $175. They Cs at I9o Pair. d.iy they go at lUo pair. Our regular nOJ per pair for SJ1.23. voters. This was snou changed , however , by the laws enacted two years latnr (1871) ( ) which mtiilo all cities havins over 15,000 iu- habitatits cities of the llrsi class , and all having over 1,500 and less than Ifi.OOO cities of the second class. The number of in habitants was to ho certified to the governor by the mayor and council of the city or town , and upon his proclamation the city was to bocomd subject to the net govern- inp the class to whlnk it belonped. The lower limit for cities of the second class was reduced to BOt ) inhabitants in 1873 , and raised again in 1S7 ! > to l.fiOO. In 1831 only cities havlnpover25,000Inhabitants ! were to ho termed cities of the first class. It Is evident that these changes were made solely for the purpose of either including or stintting out particular cities , and to that ex tent wore evasions of the constitutional in hibition against special legislation. The sumo intent is seen in the act ol 1SSU , creat ing an extra subdivision known as "cities of the second class having moro than 10.000 irr- habitants , " amended In ISS'i to apply to "cities of the second class having moro than 5.000 inhabitants. " In the latter year the limits for cities of the second class were also made from 1,000 to 25,000 inhabitants. This development was carried a step further two years later by the creation of another extra class designated "cities of the metropolitan class , " Ine.ludini : cities having over 00,000 in- habltr.nts , the other classifications remain ing as cities of the first class ( ' , ' . " ) ,000 to li'J.OOO ) ; cities of the second class having over 5,000 inhabitants (5.000 ( to 25.000) ) ; cities of the second class (1,000 ( to 125,000) ) . This classification was again changed in 188'J ' as follows : Cities of the metropolitan class ( over 80,000) ) ; cities of the lirst class (25,000 ( to 80.000) ) ; cities of the first class having loss than iir.,000 inhabitants (8,000 ( to 85,000) ) ; cities of the second class ( over 1,000) ) . The Mayor. The corporate capacity of Nebraska municipalities has always been vested jointly In the mayor anil city council. The ofliccs of mayor and members of the city council , moreover , ha re always boon elective. The mayor is denominated the chief ox- ccutivo olilcor of the city and conservator of the peace. Under the special charters Ills term was ono year. The actof ISC'J governing cities of the lirst class made it two years , but it was shortened to ono year in 1S71 and remained so In cities of the highest class until 1881 , when it again became two years. The mayor , at lirst. himself presided over the deliberations of the council and was al lowed the casting vote in case of a tie. The general act of 18j'J ( took this power away in favor Of a president elected by the council and gavd him a limited veto power subject to bo ovorridJen by a two-thirds vote of the legal number of coupcilmen , whllo that of Ibiil extended this veto power to separate items of the appropriation bills. In addition to this the mayor was orig inally a Justice of the peace , by virtue of his ofllco , with hoth civil and criminal Jurisdic tion over offenses committed within the boundaries of the municipality. Ills court resembled the old mayor's court of colonial limes , from which appeal lay to the higher tribunal. The civil Jurisdiction was later cut oft and In I8IVJ the court was turned over to an elective poltco Judge , but the mayor was still to act pending tils nhscnco or disability. Under the act of 1871 ho retained his power to remit lines , and to grant reprieves and pardons for violations of city ordinances , and the mayor may still remit police court lines In cities of the metropolitan clays , sub ject to regulations to bo provided by ordi nance of the city council. . The city Council , Thu city council 1ms varied greatlv in number and composition. The first charter ot Nebraska City provided for three alder men and that of Omaha City for nine , all elected annually. They were called councilmen - men In the act of VSOl ) and wcro to bo elected two from each ward , ono from each ward rotlr.ng annually , lly the act of issi there were still to bo twice as many councilmen as wards , but half of them woru to ba elected ut larcro , the others ono from each ward , the two classes retiring In nltcrnuto years. This organization still persists. ' 1'ho council has always hud power over its own Internal affairs and to provide for deciding contests in the election of Its own members. The later laws also require a property qualifica tion. The City Cleric. The early charters provided for an elective recorder to keep the records of the municipal corporation with term cor responding to that of mayor. By an amend ment to the Omaha city charter in 1858 ho was designated city cleric and made ap pointive by the council. The act of 1871 made the onicc again elective. It was made appointive by the council by an amendment in 1877 ; made elective , in 1883 ; appointive in 18S5 ; elective again In IB'.U. The city clerk ship , it is thus seen , has been made the buf fet of legislative deference to charter com mittees. The office of comptroller has been the out growth of the olllcos of city clerk r.nd city treasurer , first appearing as an elective ofllco under the name auditor in 1SS5 , and called comptroller since 1837. The term of this ofllco , us well as the other elective city ofliccs , has constantly corresponded with that of the mayor. The incumbent's main duty comprises tha"auditing ol public ac counts. The City Troasnror. The treasurer has from the first been an elective ofllcor. upon whom has been en joined the safe keeping of the public moneys. The Murslml. Excluding the assessor , in reality a pre cinct ofllcor , the marshal completes thu list of original oleclivp charter ofllcors. Under the lirst special charter ho was not only conservator of the peace , but also chief ox- ceutlvo ofliecr of the mayor's court , anil at the satno time collector of taxes. The marshal became the mayor's appointee under the not of 1881 governing cities of the first class and an appointee of the Ho.iul of Fire and Police Commissioners , wltn the title , chief of police , under the act of 18S7 governing cities of the , metropolitan class. The last named out gave over the cntiro control of the police and llro departments to the Hoard of l-'lro and Puller Commissioners , consisting of the mayor , as ox-olllcio mem ber , and four others ilppointod by the gov ernor for terms of foutf yoirs , two retiring biennially. Tills Hovel tenure and composi tion of a metropolitan administrative board was adopted to glv.o' It H greater Independ ence. KespanslbltJ'to lie governor , a stale ofllccr. and ehosan'frorri the rotiroscntiitivos of at least three political parties , Its nonpartisan - partisan ehnraetor > is' $ tlll further guarded by the subscription ol'j each momhor to an oath , "That in nuikjnsfappointments or con sidering promotions or removals ho will not bo guided or actuated by political motives or Influences , but will coibtdor only the inter ests of the city anil thd success and otTcetlvo- ucss of said dupartmbijtB. " This board has nUo been given the supervision and granting of liquor licenses' ' under the state law , a duty that provIousl.v'roMolli'upon ' the city council and city clerk. It wotfltl bo interesting In an excursus to tr.ico the i-xttmt of the powers of Nnbraslm municipalities over the licensing of thp liquor traffic , but such deviation would , I fear , unnecessarily pr9long my pa pur. . .Minor City OIHcjnlH anil Hoards. Having hurricdh * sketched the ilovolop- ment of the original elective charter olllcors In our municipalities , thu subsequent addi tions to the uilmlnHtnJtivo machinery must bo passed with a vQr.ybrlof mention. Other municipal onlcor.s besides these already alluded to Imvq been elective at different litres. The city engineer , beginning wltli the general act of IhU'J until that of IbSl ; the city solicitor for the brief two year * after I Will ; the street uointnisslancrjrom the gen eral act of 1871 to that of 1831 , all of which are now appointed by the 'mayor. A elilof of thu lira dep.irtmonV came Into the same category from I8SI to lbS7 , when ho was made responsible to the Board of Kiro and Police Commissioners. UtTont lecislativoaets have introduced a complk'.itioa of administrative boards of variegated composition and tenure. We have the Uo\rd : of I'ublie'Warns with three nu'in- uors. appointed bj the mayor , tioMing each for ' .hreo years and dicing office in dui'cn'iit years.Vo nave the Hoard of Health , com prising the mayor , chairmen of certain council committees and certain subordinate ofticials whoso duties lie in the line of sanita tion , SVo have the board for the Inspection of buildings , comprising certain specified .subordinate officials. Wo have a public library board of nine members appointed by the mayor. And llnally wo have u Board of Pa rtt Com missioners , comprising live members ap pointed ono each year , for terms 01 five years each , by a majority of the judges of the district court in which any city of the metropolitan class may happen to bo situ ated. .Other Qftlces that may be found neces sary may bo created and the duties pro scribed by ordinance of the city council. I'nwitrs of Local Aclminlstr.i. Inn. Into the powers of local administration , which have been at different times vested in our municipal government , I shall go but in a general way. It has been the evident in tention of tlio legislature at all times to leave all matters of strictly local moment to the municipal government under restrictions calculated to prevent abuses and to protect both the people and the state government. These ( lowers , roughly speaking , refer first to providing the requisite ordinances and regulations for the preservation of the health , safety and good order of the com munity , and second , to the raising of a reve nue necessary to defray the expenses of the government and of the machinery and im provements required for the oftloiont exer cise of these powers. Under a system of jurisprudence which demands that every municipal government show an expressly delegated authority from the legislature for every not of its ofllcors , the development in Nebraska has boon necessarily In two directions. There has been a constant increase in the number of specifically mentioned powers conferred by special charter and general act , and ut the same time a constantly i ncrouMng num ber of mlnuto restrictions and limitations upon tlio exercise of these powers , Take , for example , the system of upcclal assess ments for benefits from local imiirovments. They were first authorized In Omaha by its charter amendment , of 18(55 ( , and then only for sidewalks and in ease tlio property owners failed to construct them when prop erly notified to do so. An ameiidmci t of the following year provided for special assess ments "for Improvements to any extent. " to bo levied upon the abutting property , pro vided they wcro demanded by a pntitlon rep resenting two-thirds of the assessed value of the property aliected. The details of the system wore further evolved in the general acts of ISO ! ) and 1871 and in successive en actments until nt present thu complicated procedure is authorized for a great number of expressly designated purposes , while the property iwncr liable to special assess ment is hedged about by. innumeru- blo safeguards intended to prevent arbitrary action on thu part of the city council , and to-insuro to each th'o duo respect of his property rights. A de velopment , similar in nature , may Im dis cerned in very many of the other powers of municipal government. Ciiiiolimlon , In conclusion lot mo present two or three points which have boon suggested by this study. First , the general form Of municipal government in Nebraska has existed un changed in splto of much experimentation. Corporate capacity has been exorcised by the mayor and council , assisted by such odleers as have been found necessary or desirable. Thu bicameral council , which has found favor in iminy cities and which has been tried In manv others , has never commended itself to Nebraska legislators and the ono chamber council hits thus far sulllced. Second , with the Increasing number bf city officers and thu Increasing complexity of their duties and functions the responsi bility of municipal oftleers has been all-'rod and shlftud. The two classes of officers , elective and appointive , have varied in com position , the city clencithlp for example , aliernating his rLSpoiitlUllltv between thu voters and the city cotim-ll. Sumo ctc'tivo ollIi''TS , such as the eity ciiu'inetr , have become appointive by ttio author and council. The experiment 100 Indies'now style wlntor clonks , US itiehoi lonp , Hindu < > f black olioviot or brown Imnvor , trimmed with nloelrie noul otlgliit , ' , our regular ro- liiil price 5111.60. On MoirJny woulforthcsostylish tirmontti ; AT Each. P.irisiun tight filthier Cannon Is , extra long- , willi I hull up capo , regular value $18.73. On Mon day wo olTor thorn at atQ'Q ' CL/O ey. Handsome hraldoil skirt gannonta , solil regularly larly at $28.75. will bo solil Monday nt 14.8 V $35.00 Prince Albert coats will bo eold Mou rttiv in $55.00 Rcdforn garments will bo pokl Mon ut This $22.00 Gaiment Monday Q Our entire line of ladies' sillc waists , all now and correct styles , cither black op colors , running in price from $ V.6l ) to $112.00 , will bo sold Monday EACH Wo have nlso a few opera waists in c'-oaui , ( , 'otd , pinlc and blue , worth $12.00 , which are included in this lot ut a EACH Ladies' rcndy-mndo skirts , m-ule of wool unite rial in navy blue only , rcgula vnluo S5.00 , SO.OO and. $0.76 , will bo sold on Monday at EACH now making in certain eastern cities of holding the mayor responsible for the efficiency of all the executive departments and vesting In him the cntiro control over the appointment and dismissal of the depart mental heads has as yet made no headway in this state. On thu other hand , the de sired independence has been sought by di viding responsibility and taking It a winy from the voters as directly expressed by the ballot and placing it elsewhere. Members of the board in control of the iiro and police departments look : to the governor for ap pointment. Members of the board in con trol of the park system ewe their selection to the Judges of tlio district court. Certain members of the Hoard of Health ewe tholr places to the president of the city council , others to the mayor and council , while the voters select but four of the executive officers directly. I wish merely to call at tention hero to this development , not to criticise it. A third point upon which this sketch has thrown some light Is the practical failure of our constitutional inhibition against special * legislation to effect any material 'reform. While the legislature no longer designates the community to bu incorporated by its name or oy describing its boundaries , it does substantially the same thing by creat ing classes and subdivisions of classes based on population intended to Include particu lar cities under the guise of being general in character. Nor has this change abolished the regular biennial applications for charter amendments or the inlerminablo charter tinkering. Its abuse has not gene quite so far as it has in Ohio , which passes general laws relating to cities which hail by thu last census , say , moro than 'J500 ; ! in habitants and less limn S5)10 : ) inhabitants , but it has given every influential city a statutu afTeetlnif Itself only. Incorporation of municipalities by general laws has been an advance over incorpora tion by special charter in form rather than In substance . CUXXirilt.ll.l CtKfi. "Did Midge marry a man of regular habits ? " "Moroy , yo.s ; ho lias allowed her to support him from thu very lirst. " That ungagou girl who gazes at the diamond mend ring on her linger can also bo excused if she thinks business looks brighter. "Why did liUiel K > lntmu marry Harold Smithers , I wonder ? " "Sho admired his monogram. U looks so llku the dollar algn. " ' I know I'm a little irritable , John , but if I had to live my lll'o aiMtn I'd ' marry you lust the satno. " "H'm ! I have my doubts about it. " Kthel My husband is a perfect. Jewel anything satisiles him. Clarissa-1 bijllovo it. I felt , it when you told mo ho had pro posed to you. "Whom shall our girls marry ? " asks aNew Now York editor with cor.sidorably anxioty. Out hero tlio experiment is being tried of having them marry our boys. Old Hardcush Yes , Mlsa Youngthlng has given mo some oacouragiimcnt ; at lensi shu hasn't refused mo. She siys : she first wishes to sec my family bible. 1 presume that she wants to maku sure that i am no older than I say. Friend No. she doesn't. "Kb , then what can she want ? " "Sho wants to see if you como of a long-lived family. " A Chicago man is asking a divorce on the ground that ho was. led to the altar blind folded and wedded to a woman ho had never seen. He parted from her on the day after the mnrrlagu.and it appears that she was as anxious for the separation us he , Under the circumstances the court thought It proper lo sever the ties that bound a reluctant groom to an equally reluctant l > ri lo. i Announcement U made of the engagement of Miss Yiivinir. Honyngo of the democracy of America to Yhcojnt Duarhurst of the aristocracy of Oro.it llritaln. The bride groom is the ban of the earl of Coventry , who is master of her majesty's buekhounds and captain and goldstick nf the fionoranlo i-orps of Gi-ntlomori-at-arnu. How much thu bride's father puts up for all these valuable things is not m ntiunc.l , In pubho , but may oo ojipci'tfid m duo tituo through ( ho usual channel * , j Tin : noxii'.n. AfaurfM 'Oiiui ] > ioii in l"wh' ( < t If I could ( Into , U thrush , llku you , I'd s\vlii' , ' upon the hedge , And trill a pastoral strong and trim About thu maul and wed e. The gnarled maul my grands Ire swung And made the forest boom. While his good wlfo a-splnnlns sung , Or swayed across the room. OharkI 1 hoar his rhythmic stroke On glul or wedge descend , What llino the fragrant lous of oak , Heslstlng , crack and rend. Give him a son ; ; , the bravo and true , Him of the wedge and maul , Whose hero heart and hand could do The drudgery for us all ! O high on honor's eminence Ills lonely cabin row , He burst grand boles to build the foao That circled freedom's clojo. lie was a giant and ho toro Our roadwav with his li'ind ; Across the wild frontier ho bore The burden of the land , Give him , the brave old pioneer , A century-closing hOns , The whole choir slnu , the nation cheer , A hundred million strong ! A dispatch from Amsterdam , N. Y. , says that the Mohawk Valley mills will resume work on Monday. The Plttsnurg Steel Casting company plant , at Pitlsburg , is again In operation , giving employment to UOO men. The Hlvursltlu Stool works at Wheeling , W. Va. , which had been shutdown for some time , resumed Monday , giving employment to about 1,000 men. The Ensign Car Works at Huntingdon , W. Va. , announce that they will resume \vorli at once alter an ullenoss of over seven months. The works employ between I.liOO and l.r.Od men. The ( ! loho Iron company at Cleveland , O. , has decided to build a largn freight steamer to keep its workmen employed. If a buyer Is not found the company will put the boat in commission. Tlio Oaloshurc , 111. , Paving Brick com pany resumed work Monday with n largo force of hands , and the Chicago , Burlington & ( Juinoy will put now men to work in the machine shop Monday. Tlio Slngerly Pulp and Paper Works of Elkton , Md. , which have boon closed down for about two months , partly stariod up last Monday , and by Monday next will ho run ning a full forro. This will give employ ment to about " 00 men. The New York and Cleveland Gas Coal company of Plttsburi : has conceited its em ployes an advance of f > cents per ton In their wages. This brings thu rate up to CO cents per ton , or 0 cents below the district price , The concession was a great surprise to thu men. men.Tho The Pitlsburg Plato Glass company of Crolghton has resumed operations , and tha wages have been cut from 7ij to & % pe cent , Thu company slates that the general depression In trade has compelled it to ra- duce wages , hut that the old wages will bo paid as soon an business brightens up. Homer " -.aughlln , the Kaat Uvorpool , O. , pottery manufacturer , on Saturday proposed to his employes "lo imuino operations If ha will tie allowed to retain M per cent of their wages pending the settlement of the lixrlfl question. If thu tariff affecting his manu factures Is untouched ho agrees to pay the 50 per cunt retained. " The men refused tha proposition , President Havonioycr of tha American Sugar Kellnlng company snvs the recent do- ditto of yt cent per pound in refined sugar la "to Imlucu the country to buy and to pro. cludo thu necessity of a prolonged stoppage ) at the rollnorlos. If a further reduction is necessary it will hu mado. as It has been de termined to cjiitlnue. the operation of the re fineries lo keep the workmen employed und sull tlio sugar bciow the co l of mauafuotur * if ncc.tiss.try. "