LG THE OMAHA DAILY BEE : SUNIMY , AUGUST 28 , 1S92-SJXTEEN PAGES.
THE LONDON COSTERMONGER
Daily Life , Haunts and Amusement ! of a
Characteristic Englhh Oitizon.
A STRAIN OF GYPSY BLOOD SUGGESTED
rcn-IMctiiroof the I.nnilnn Street Vrnilor n *
llo M Kiinjr III lll tc > mo < tlo Itolatloni
HM.Soul Cnnloroil on Pearl lliittoin
Ills "Duniili" mill Her Dctlchti.
( Conrrlulitod 1SOJ. )
Losnox.AtiK. 1ft. [ SpsciilGorrospondonco
of Tin : UKK.J There nro bolwoon 50-
000 ntid GO.OJ , ) coJtormongors in the oily of
London , Their vociUlou is tbo sanio as that
of tbo street hawker * of American cltloj , but
these \vlio tmvo marlo the most c.iraful study
of the tatter 0.111 fgnn no proper Idea of the
fonrur without p.'tMonal acqualtiititica.
There Is pooil roaion for iliU. Our street
vender * of llsh , fruits unil voifotixblos com-
prlsoun ovor-ohnnglnghost of widely vuryln < ?
and unconifonini imtionnlltloj. A Uuwkor In
our country , from whatever race ho has
sprung , uovor remains n hawlior longer than
necessity compi'ls. If ho is not successful In
his ventures between markets and customers ,
ho shottly drops out. of the braying throng
and engages vigorously In another vailing.
If his voice , bis sway back steed unit his ram
shackle wagon bring him profit , ho willmiilto
the host bargain possible to another nsplrant
for his belonging's ' route and " oed will , " Is
.shortly found In possession of a market stall
or grocery , and over after scorns tlio vyca-
tlon aim associations which guvo Ulnvpros-
pcrily.
The great distinguishing difference be
tween American hawkers and London cos-
tormoneiTS , out of which the Interesting pe
culiarities of the latter have grown , is the
i.xtromo antiquity of costermongers as n dis
tinct class or race. Indeed thay may with
propriety bo considered asur.iue ; und I am
not so sure but that in a more thorough ac-
quulntanco wltb them than I have gained , It
would ho found that they possess the ancient
rotnany or cvpjy strain of blood. I have cer
tainly noticed In them many rnco character
istics of the gypsies ; and their originhistor
ically considered , almost exactly corresponds
with the ocrlod In which gypsies were llrst
noticed In England.
< iyp y Tr.ilts In Costormnnccrs.
Some of the marked chaructcrU tics and
customs I have found common to both
pypslos nnd cbstormoiigors are noteworthy.
Jiotu rsces are bitterly opposed to oooU
linowlcd o , und not.1 } per cent of clthor , In
EiiL'lniul , can read or write. 13oth are hered
itarily roving In nature , and would pine and
die if forced for any length of time Into In
door Inlior. Both mate rather than mnrry ;
and while remarkable for their lldoltty In
this relation they hold in deep contempt re
ligious or civil ir.nrrmgo rites.
Doth are the most honorable aud honest
people who live in all dealings among them
selves , but bold It the height of wisdom and
morality to "do" all others ifot of their UK.
Both , however meet ; , humble and actually
law-abUllntr in their daily lives , are heredi
tarily the enemies of all law and law ofllcors :
though both will make the most dosporuto of
sacrillco to avoid becoming involved in any
complications of the law. And both nro , ro-
llplously. agnostics of such luinlnousncss and
density as by comparison would put nil the
llanilltons , Mansols und Spancer * to fervent
blush and shiimo.
The earliest rojord of London costermong-
nr * rrles i * sniil tn bo In Lviliati'rt nnom of
"London Lvckpony" In the tlmo or Henry
V. , about 475 years ago. Shakespeare refers
contemptuously to "thoso costermonger
times ; " Bon Johnson makes his Morose
mvoon If ho nears a costermongor's ' cry ; and
Dr. .lohnson gives the derivation of 'Vonard-
tnongcr" as originating in the street sale of
apples or costards "round and bulky like the
hcuii. "
A imtlnctlvo 1'ooplo.
So far as can bo traced in history and lit
erature tneso fo'K wore i > r > jclsoly the same
in modn of life , vocation and characteristics
hundreds of years ago , as at the present
tlmo. Like the ilshurmon of Now Haven
und Galwuy , anil still like- the gypsies ,
they have scarcely over been known to In
termarry with other elites. Tuo result is
tbo costormongcrs ot the London of today
form , almost a little realm of their own , ever
changing in continos yet chungoloss In char
acters and antiquity , with u purer stralu of
blood of Us kind than that of halt of the
Knglish nobility , and with ancient customs
and'tradltlonn rcmainlnir Incxorablo laws of
gulilanco to themselves all to a inoro
marked dogrco than Is true of any equal
aumbor of people lu any coraor of Eu
rope ) .
If all this were not true of the London
costormongcr bo would still bo found a plu-
tur quo object to tbo casual observer. In
the lir.it place his dross Is picturosquu. You
nlll not flnil at ( JuUuiin , Alusslnu or Palermo
In blcily more odd or colorful groupings than
these crowds of costors at the maruots or at
their evening and holiday resorts. Induod
there Is a dash of the gypsy In tno dress of
these folk that constantly recalls the romuny
poplo ,
( lull ) or the Colter.
At his daily labors the coster .will hnvo on
his hcud a small cloth cap wolf to ono sldo ,
with the visor either pointed to the sky or
cawing ono idi < of his neck. Ho is never
without his blauk or tlaUiHy colored slllt
"klngsman" or heavy , loosely pathorod neck-
nrchief , always tied In a sailor's knot und
the ends , tuciccd In the folds of his i..iy
woulon Hlilrt , the whole exposing n line , well
corded and often hairy nock and chest. His
walatcout is long , llltu n jockey's , with capu-
rlous pockets and huge tabs , und always of
corduroy or velveteen. His trousers are half
Mexican In cut , of corduroy or coarse duckIng -
Ing , uud their wide bottoms HUD over tbo
best shoes worn by any lowly .men In Lon
don. Added to this nro pearl or polished
motnl buttons innumerable ,
lu the mutter of buttons their "best logs"
for Sundays and holidays uro truly startling.
Whether of inotiit or pearl , they uro from a
half Inch to un Inch In dlamntcr and are sot
ns thickly as they can be placed nround the
cap band und visor edge , down the ouco of
the waistcoat Irani thrcut to point , above
every pocket , and along the odcos of all
IdpoN , uuon the sleeves nearly from wrists
to elbow , and along the wine plush bide
itrlpes of the trousers , from Just below the
Uneos tn the very pdgoof tha trousers log , so
that the Ins't button clicks and patters
thu pavement and the shoo.
'lli Cimtcr'H "Dmmli. "
Tliu coster women are none the loss strik
ing lu thuir garb nnd appearance. Llko the
men , Ihoy nro all well shod , ami wear short
course nemo piUUcoau , showing their ankles
and suupely feet. These petticoats are as
impious iiCladdugh llsbwlfo's. Tlielrwaists
ro always low at , or uro loft open In , tbo
neck , uud usuully the latter , as with the
mm. Is adorned with a llashy silk necker
chief , whllu a small woo'.en plaid or slllt
lhawl covers the breast , where it is always
fastened with a brooch uf hugn dimensions.
But the hair uud the headgear nro most
distinctive , l rnm these alone u castor trl IB
anywhere recognizable. The hut Is of straw
or felt , nnd always as largo as a coster's cart
wheel. It protrudes alarmingly tn front , aud
tbove this canopy waves u forest of ostrich
plumev Coster girls belong to clubi for the
purchase of those prized feathers , und tboro
is no ordinary uaorlllca they will not make
to posaon the largest plumas that can bo
bought. The hair U bestowed bohlud in a
largo braid. A "part" extends from this
over ouch oar , and a heavy , straight tab lies
igiiuut onen chunk. Above the forehead the
huir falls straight almost to the brows , hut Is
then frlizled und curled until it uuinJs up
cvurd and outward Ilku monstrous tnattcil
ehovaux de frlbo. As a cotter proudly ro-
aiurUod to mo : "Our douubs ( irlrlt. swcet-
toartt , womou ) 'at a style us u all their
> wu. "
Outllt of tlio CuXermongcr.
The cojtorinontor's outtlt corocnsos either
I bundbarrow , n spring cart on two
ivhocU on which ho will load from SOO to a
I.UUO pounds of fruit or vegetables and with
tlio help of u boy or hit "donah" push the
tuuio dozen mlloj in a day ; or a donkey am
cart poitosiod by the more well-to-do. :
have seen tb'o Utter loaded with from 1,200
( o l.BOt ) pounds weight nt Covent Uarilen
Diarket. Tbo women wbou hawking ulona
ire ( ometlme * provided with donkey oarts
or barrows , but oftonur with "shallows , "
or iballow baskets which with their heavy
content * nro carried on their heads.
A curious * ort of butlnots has always been
In' vogue owing to tbo Improvidence of tbo
coster.Tioufc'ore as a class. This U the blrlnif
out to tueui of baskotn. barrows and carts
Out of the 60,00V or 00,000 oouoruioager pop
ulntlon of London fully 15,000 are actunlly
engaged In dally hawklnp , the remainder
bolng old folk or children unable to work
ave at odd times. Fully ono-tnlf of the
dally workers own tnolt- own nhallows. bar
rows and carts , The other half hlro them nt
ruinously usurious rates.Tho donkey and
cart are seldom hired , nearly all of these out *
lu being owned by the costers. Hut tbo
mndcarts or barrows are usuully hired at
hrco ponce per dav or ono shilling for the
veek , fora barrow originally costing loss
hon 1. More than JC.'O.OOu or 8100.000 is
annually paid In barrow und "shallow" hlro
by tbo London costers.
Umv They Are Set Cp.
Quito recently coster provident clubs have
boon formed. These by a trilling weekly
payment from members Insura the oppor-
unlty of hiring borrows at reduced rales ,
and of purchasing donkeys and carts on the
nstallmont plan. But as u rule they like
ho old way best. The old way with Lon
don costors Is. as n rule , after a night's dlssl-
mtlon nt drink or gambling , for nil coster *
vithnut exception nro hard drinkers and in-
vetcrato gamblers tn a small way , to borrow
ho day's "stock money" nt n sixpence or n
shilling Interest , secure the hand barroxv at
hrco oenco biro , the sciijos or measures at
another outlay of twopence , and trust to
icnvy pushing , loud calling and guinblo
customer. ! to rotrlovo thuir fallen fortunes ,
I'hoy nro scrupulously honest In repayment
of loans , and a harder working people do
nol llvo. But they nro Irredoeranblo in their
hrlftlojinoss , nnd with all their good quail-
los and tralU considering their associations
nyd Ignorance , nro hopeless slaves of the
usurers and taprooms.
Any ono desiring a superficial observation
of this class can find umplo studies of costors
nt the chief London markets. Daily 5,000
come to Covent Garden market ; nbaut-1,000
couro lish at Bllllngstralo ; fully 2.03J are nt
Spitalllelds ; perhaps 50J each will ba found
at Boiough and Lcadenhull ; and fully 8,003
nrodtnrlbutcd unnng the lessor city nnd
u bur ban markets.
boon at Covent Tliird3ii.
Covent garden Is the most Interesting place
o visit , not only for Its historic associations
mt for its greatest throngs of costers. From
ho opening ato'clock la the morning until
8 or U o'clock , from : iOM , to 4.0JO coUer carts
vlil have como and gone. The remainder
n attendance wait until afternoon to dicker
vlth the "hogclor.s"orspeculators , who have
lought unsold loads from farmers "In the
ump. "
In these morning hours Interest will not
only center In the costers but in their
donkeys .and carts. Hundreds upon hun
dreds nro packed m u corner of tbo open
matkut waiting to load , for which privilege
they nro taxed 1 penny uach. Every manner
of rude ingenuity bus been exorcised In tno
> atcbing up of donkey carts and the con
struction of donkey harness. Hope , rushes
and rugs are good enough for some. Neck
erchiefs and corduroys are transformed into
saddle pads for others. Many are resplend
ent In brass ornaments all together of half
tbo donkey's weight. And still others have
seen nobler uses and disclose bits of old cnr-
riiiffo harness bedecked with coronets in gold
and silver platp.
I would write of the coster's homo life , but
10 nns nono. Thu gypsy , even the poor Lon
don gypsv of the loathsome van , Is vastly his
superior In this respect. In the past three
oaVs I have visited more than a thousand
: ester ' haunts nud habitations. In them all I
lava not found n dozen genulno homes. Tbo
icnrost approach to tha homo Is whore the
coster Is fairly well-to-do , nnd owns the
donkey nnd cart or a couple or throe. In
these extremely rare Instances you will often
ind the coster , his wife or mate , their chil
dren and the donkeys In ono basement room
together. But thi character of the man's
and the woman's work keep them upon the
struct. They out it cheap chophouscs and
coffee stalls. ' Their evenings nro passed at
the taproom , the "penny gaff " shows , the
rat pit and the cheap niuslo halls.
Kimy Oomcfttlc Customs.
lioys and girls lenvo their parents and
unto at from H to 10 years. Thov take
'urnlshea rooms in the coster districts of
Leather Lane , Drury Lauo , Snoredttch , Old
Street ] , toml , Murylobono Lane , Dockbcnd ,
Bothnia Oroon , Whltechapol , Camborwcll
a > id , the like , und are at once full-Hedged
costers. Children are born to them , and are
"minded" for the lirst year or two. Then
they tnko their chance' , for life nnd educa
tion in the slums. At. 0 or 7 they accompany
their parents or hlro out to other costers ,
lu u few years more some fancied slight or
too sovnro n boating , or tno coster youth or
lass buvo met ibolr nfllnlty , and they nro
uway for themselves without partings or ro- .
grots.
However luck may go with the coster folk
they uro sticklers lor their amusements
and holidays. Kvery evening will
Und them nt the music hall , the rat-pit or
Lhetr taproom haunts. There are morn than
1100 of ttie latter exclusively patronized by *
coster men nnd women. In nearly tdl of
those are rude grills where the men may cook
their own food ; all uro provided with cards
nnd other gumes for their amusement ; nnd
with each Is a backvaid or shed well protect
ed from the eyes of the police , where rat and
dog lighting , of which thov are extremely
fond , may bo indulged in , and where bnxing
nnd prize' lighting nro eagerly cultivated.
On Sunday they will bo found in great nuin-
bor.s at Battcrsea Field * , Haaipsteud Heath
and Epplng Forest ; but the great yearly
London outing for costors is at the Derby.
Mom than a thousand carts , each contain'
ing fron : four to six cosier womou and men ,
sot out from the Seven Dials and Whlta-
chnncl. The donkeys are all bedecked with
paper tlowors , their faces grotesquely paint
ed nnd bung with tow whiskers , and their
lugs encased either in the trouser-i of tno men
or the bifurcutod gutnionts of the women.
Then with great stores of food und liquor ,
und hundreds of horns and concertinas , nfler
n grand procession through the aristocratic
West End , "to show the nebs how swell
ccators can Co" on occasion , as a coster
proudly confessed to mo , this outlandish
cuynlcauc , with wild cojtor music , shouts
and laughter , sots out lu a merry scramble ,
for breuzy Epjoui Downs.
Eon.vu L. WAKEMAN.
A SUCCESSFUL , EXPHES3 COMPANY
1'iictn niul I'icuro * Itugirilluu : tlio Origin of
Wulls , i'urr ; < > & Compiiny.
In Murch , 1S.V7 , Henry \Volls , Willium
C. Fargo , in conjunction with several other
gentleman mot together In Now York city
and effected nu organization for the purpose
of transacting nu express , oxcbango und
banking bushiest , , under the name of Wells ,
Fargo & Company.
The company sprung into oxlstanco Mln-
orvn-llkc , fully equipped for service nnd at
once engaged upon Its long inKsion of trust
and responsibility. The Held ot Its opera
tions extended from the Atlantic to the Pa
cific coasts and It soon established agencies
in thu Important cities of Europe.
In 1SSS a ncqulrod the Erlu system , con-
'
tenng'ln Now Yoric with uxtenslvu aux
iliary Hues , thus scouring its own direct
through lines to New Yoru , Boston and ull
other luriro commercial centerj. At the
present time the company operates nearly
40,000 miles of lines by railway ,
stauo and steamer ; over . ' 1,00'J ugenclos and
morcuhun ( V-00 employes ; transacts millions
of dollars worth of business annually m its
express and bun King department , Its
nccumuaU'd capital und deposits amount
to over Sll,5'JOOJO. Tno main olllco
of tbo company In Now York
city Is nt 03 Broadway , ' but Its headquarters
proper , or general accounting ofllco , is in
Bun Francisco.
It win Wells , Fargo & Company that origi
nated In IBC4) ) , the fatuous "Pony express"
for the most rapid conveyance then possible
of Important mull i matter across tbo Ameri
can continent. Thu biicvess of the under
taking demonstrated other possibilities of
meeting the requirements ol tbo ago. The
narrow trail of tun "Ponv express" may bite
to have marked out tbo coursu soar
ultorwurds followed by the cupiulous inal
and pussongercauchoi , along with the tele
graph wires , und In no ios quick tiucccsslnu
that of tuo railroad track unu
locomotive ,
Iluiu.ivir K , n. April , -I. fill.
Dr. J. U. Moore Dear Bin Huvo bean
troubled with catarrh In my head mid faoj
for throe years at tlmoj vtusunublo to hour
bud a constant ringing lu my oars and tor
two yearn wis almost deaf. Have tried sev
eral so-called remedies aud boon trjtUod by
regular physicians and noted specialists , bu
failed to got any relief. I tried ono bottle o
Moorn's Tree of Life Catarrh Cure. It gave
Immediate relief and affootod a permanent
euro. 1 heartily recommend it to ull suffer
era of this disouio and will cheerfully glv <
any further Information on being addressed
at my homo , No. ! ! ! Sweeney uvu. , Burllng-
ou , la. For sala by utl druggists.
Hespcctfullly ,
it. L. KEIU.
For ale by all drucelsts.
OBSERVATIONS IN SWEDEN
Councilman Stool Tolls of What Ho Noted
During a Brief Trip.
FEATURES OF EUROPE'S ' NORTHERN VENICE
( nllrontl , Telegraph nnil Telephone Serv
ice * Uunurp.i < 9cil anil All Under ( lovorn-
incnt Control Wlioro Dishnnoity
uml Vagrancy nro Unknown.
Slnco my return from my brlof trip to
Sweden , I urn dully asked to give my imprcs-
Ion of Sweden and the Swedes.
I landed nt the port ot Mnlmo , where my
luggage was examined clojor than nt any ono
of the seven custom houses I wont through ,
spent a few days InSmalandwhoro I found
( eon | enjoyment In studying the natural
beauty of the country. Tbo climate , I found
nlondld , with almost perpetual day at mld-
uminor , the thermometer avoruglnj 00 °
Fahrenheit , with loss than 5 = variation bo-
ween night and day , with probably tbo rich-
sttloruto bo found anywhere. Children
vould go out a few hours aud come back with
baskets full of the Illy of the valley nnd
other wild floworn-botb frairrant nnd beautl-
ul. What strikes ono very forcibly U tbo
rustic attlro and frugal simplicity of the
icasantry , tbo difference between the people
n tbo country and thoto in the cities or
owns bdlng no great as to scorn tuoro llko
going from ono nation Into another.
From Smolund I went to btoeldiolra , tbo
capital of Sweden , from which point I trmdo
numerous excursion * for pleasure and ob-
ervntlon. Pleasure steamers run In all di
rections between the Islands in the narrow
traits , the banks lined with villas and gardens
; olng as far north as ( Josalu , the Swedish
eat of letters and art. Hero Is located the
utnous university , which ranks as oao of the
oromost seats ol Iramlng lu Europe ; it wns .
established ' ' ' nnd has at
over l.OJ'J years a''o ,
irjtont 2,000 students. A magnlllcont
Ibrury Is bore , ana tbo museum is rich in
vorks of art , curios und relics ot tun oldun
lines , when Sweden ranked high among the
lutioas of Europo.
Or Sweden's Cnpltiil.
Stockholm is seventy-two miles Inland on
an arm of tbo Baltic sea , nnd Is ono of the
u'lnclpal seaports of the country. It Is
vhat might be culled the Vonlcb of the
lorth , boinc built on numerous islands ,
formerly there wuro uo bridges nnd com
munication between the different islands
vns had by moans of bouts. Now , however ,
ull Stockholm Is connected by n mugniticent
ystora of bridges , spanning tbo city in every
direction. Tbo great industries of Swollen
ire iron , copper and lumber. Tbo Immense
orests furnish lumber for nearly every por-
Ion of Europo. Then all along the coast are
ho cod , herring and salmou fish
ines , the greatest in the world.
Lho rivers furbish vast quantities cf
almon for the markets of England and olher
European countries. Sweden , too , Is famed
or its dairy interests ; its butter and cheese
uro undoubtedly the finest In the world ,
jrcat quantities ot these products are ox-
lortud every year , and support a large por-
Ion of the population of the interior.
Ono ot the ploasantcst journeys which I
ock wns from Stockholm westwa'rd through
.ho interior of tbo country to Gottenburcr.
Pbo distance is nbout : WO miles , aou tbe
method of transportation was by moans of
canals. I took a steamer nt Stockholm
and paddled slowly through the canals , which
ut quite frequent Intervals open out into
imall lakes. There are hundreds of those
icautiful little sheets of water and two
qulto largo lakes. The country wo passed
through was cultivated like a garden , nnd
stretching back from the banks ot the canal
.ho scene was most picturesquely pastoral ;
.bo peasants In their quaint attire ,
.he Holds of grain , tboorchards.tho meadows ,
the verdancy presented a pluluro of
rural life such as 1 could have feasted my
eyes on forever. I spent two days on this
trip , nnd the recollections of it will remain
with mo always. Wo wont through many
ocks : nt the famous Trollbattnn falls , our
} oal climbed over a hill seventy llvo foot
ileh. Tbo scenery nround and below these
falls Is , perhaps , the granJcst and most
nalostlc I over saw.
Government ItallroniU unit Telegraphs ,
Most of the railroads of Sweden are owned
jy the government , and are managed in n
systematic and businesslike manner. The
roadbed is , I think , somewhat better than
ours , but the cquipmontuud rolling stock uro
not quite up to our standard. Passengers
have the privilege of riding cither llrst ,
second or third class. It ( s a common saying
over thora that onlv nn American or u fool
rides lirst class. Why ? Well , I suppose be
cause traveling second class is quito as com
fortable and pleasat.t , and is somowhnt
cheaper. Traveling flrot class only means
that you desire to bo a little more exclusive
nnd stylish. The third class coaches nrd for
tbo common people. The fare is abou' . half a
'
cent u mile , and'the cars are almost bare of
nil comforts or conveniences. Second class
faro is about lj cents , nud the apartments
uro upholstered nnd quito comfortable nnd
pleasant for the ordinary traveler. If you
travel lirst class you secure u compartment
something like u coupe , which holds four
people , nnd by so doing gain a little moro of
elegance und Hulsb nnd uioro Rxclisivcnoss.
For this you pay "Yt oents a mile.
Tbo telegraph and telephone systems nro
nlso under control of the government , nnd ,
i-o tar as the latter service is concerned , it is
perfect. When talking about telephone sys
tems , I wnnt to soy omphaffcally that the
United States Is not In It. The government's
th'ory is that the telephone is a public ne
cessity , llko the postal service , consequently
It Is run by the govurmront for the bencllt
ot the people , not for the corporations ,
ns in this country , Tno service is
superb , and ono cannot thoroughly
uppreciato It unless they have hud an oxpa-
rlenco with our execrable system. Incivility
und inattention uro not tolerated for uu In
stant , and If the girl nt the exchange \vora
not prompt nnd polite oft would go her ofli-
clal houd. Every little town In Sweden Is
connected by telephone. The system is not
exactly llko our * , us they tmvo the Erlckson
patent , Invented by an ofllcor In the Swedish
army , which was bought by the government.
To show what n splendid svstom they hnvo ,
I mention nn Instance. Having occasion ,
while in Stockholm , to communicate with a
banker at Mnlmo , I was told to use the tolo-
phono. Although the distance was liS. ) miles
I did not have Uio.BlighU'stdifllcuIty In bearIng -
Ing or inukltig myself understood. The con
versation was as clear at though 1 were in
the name room. And tboro were no vexa
tious delays , no bu/zlng ; it wns ull perfectly
satisfactory , und for u throo-ininuto talk for
that distance I was chargoJ I ) cents. Tele
phone Instruments rent ut very reasonable
rates. Large business bouses pay $10 a'year ,
others fo , and private dwelling * Q\ \ . Now , I
don't wnut to express myself radically on the
subject , but In comparing tbo
telephone systems ot Sweden and
the United States , ono Is- * forcibly
Impressed with the superiority of their sys
tem , und the question .naturally suggests
Itself whether aftar all the Institution is nol
conduotcdtm u plan moro bonellclal to the
puollu good by tbo government than by a
private corporutlon.
All the elites and towns of Sweden nro
lighted by tbo eloctrlo system , and the
dungors incident to IhU motooJ uro largely
nvoldud by bubtvnys , tbo wires all balng
buried. The electric plants , ga * nnd water
worm , nnd most other similar concerns
which are of n public character are owned
by the municipalities , which Insures iho
maximum of good service ut the mlul'num of
cost.
1'oatul SuvlncH lliinlm a Siicctm.
The postal servlco of Sweden Is , I think ,
somowbut Inferior to that of the United
States , but ono feature which I noticed was
very interesting and seemed to bo very bcne-
llciul. This was the system of savings bunks
established by the government. I'orsgns de
siring to deposit their money with the
government could do so , receiving thereon
'J per cent. Great numbers of people tpok
advantUKO of this , the gororamoul
receiving any amount from a penny
up. They system U qulto popular
nnd Inculcated habits of thrift and
economy among the people. Tbo people as a
class uro thrifty ana frugal aud uro perfectly
honorable and upright nud honest in their
dealings. Thuy bollovuln the Uoldou Hulo ,
and follow that precept in daily Ufa and U
nil their business transactions , Ouo llttii
Incident will Indicate this strong nation * .
chunicterUtio. I had occasion tp tuko a
meal ut a railroad. Italian aatiait hguiu ouo
day. I wont In , mod , M Is the custom , pro
ceeded to n largocmttor table on which were
plucod dishes containing whnlovor n person
might uosiro to ecro I helped myself nnd
taking whntovorlxtoslrrd sat down to n sldo
table nnd onoyo3onry ] dinner , for ovnr there
you are given hnlfmb hour for uionli. After
online I dlscovcroJ/iin'vromnn over In ono
corner to whom 3 tnld what I had onten ,
Shu figured It up ttnH Informed mo whnt my
bill was. CoulUwnda n plan bo operated in
Omnhnt Hardly. Tno restaurant man who
would try It wnnU go broke In n month.
But In bwndon thurrcstnuratits nro usually
carried on on that tilnn , nnd no one thinks
of noting dmUftnestly. Men would
abhor such a potty meanness. So
universal is till * foolln ; ot con
fidence , trust nnd'honor that locks nnd bars
nro nlmoHi unknown. I'coplo do not fcnr
thieves , because they are very scarce. Va
grants and tramps nro unknown , At the
hotels guests do not lock their doors , and In
the morning n porter comes In on tlptoo
n&d takes your shoos nnd clothes , llrst emptyIng -
Ing every packet , laying the contents on tbo
table , retires nnd "soon returns with them
nicely brushed nnd dusted.
Neither Plutocrat * Nor rntipor * In Sweden.
There Is plenty of work for thosa who de-
Mro it , but wages nro vorv low and the laborer -
borer must oxerclso the gfontost economy to
make both ends meet. The dishonest man ,
Lho man who gains n reputation for cheat
ing , overreaching , sharp practice or anything
llko that might ns well move out of the coun
try. Ho Is shunned und despised by ull
classes In the community ; dishonesty Is tbo
ono crime there which will not bo counte
nanced tn any form.
As n matter of fact Sweden Is n poor coun
try. It Is poor in money , ns one of her pools
once said , but rich In the recollections of n
glorious past. Still , I cannot say that this
has boon detrimental 10 her pros'poniy. If
Sweden has no vury rich men , on the other
band she has no very poor people. Pluto
crats nnd paupers are "loth unknown. I could
lad uo trace ot discontent or political agita
tion. Socialism can find no foothold tboro.
I'hoy have a king to bo sure , but the tlouso
of Commons rules the government , Oscar II
being a mere ligurohoad. But the people
love the old gentleman. 1 saw him ono day
on tbo streets of Stockholm. Us is a tali ,
aandsomo , venerable gentlemen , -with n
kindly benevolent countenance and a picas-
nnt srailo for the humblest passerby. Ho Is
said to bo a retired , qulH man of scholarly
Imbits , and of considerable lltorury ability.
I think that Sweden loses nothing by her
condition. But why do the people emigrate ,
vou askl Well , human nature is the same.
.There Is the restless desire for
ihango , the ambition to muko money and a
lundred other causes which stir the human
heart. Du Chulllu , the great explorer , was
once askad by a young Swcdo whether ho
should emigrate to tbo United States. Du
3ha\llu \ replied : "If you want to make
nonoy try America ; 'if you desire to bo
happy remain at homo. "
Civil Service Incivility Unknown ,
Of course , in many thlncs Sweden ha
not advanced ns rapidly as wo ; iu fact
she is far behind the ago in tbo work of im-
Hovcmont , Invention and enterprise. Even
n Stockholm , although the public streets
are lit with electricity , the private houses
still use Ibo tallow dipsnnd the carpets of the
oynli k lace made mo blush. It is an absolute
'act ' that there are moro square yards of caret -
) ot m use In Omaha today than in the whole
Kingdom of Sweden.
A verv p'.ensant'foaturo is the politeness
and readiness to serve you by ofllcials of all
dnds. Tbo rnllroad'ofllclals treated us ns If
.hoy bad been our servants and wo had bad
the power to discharge them if they did not
ileaso us. The policemen would walk a
ilockwith us to give the information asked
for.
for.Tho public school svstom has not , 1 bollovo ,
asuporior In any nountry. la connection
wltb the public school are a gymnasium ,
manual training 'shops ' nnd bathhouses ,
where school children not having baths at
lomo , nnd very fowth < wo , are compelled to
jathe once a week. 'Two-thirds of the edu
cated and-inulJle classes and the tradespeo
ple in the cities speak Euglish and Gorman
luontly.
'Iho liquor traffic ils handled by the muni
cipal government In'n manner I hat coranels
admiration , nno drunkenoss iu Ibo Swedish
cities h&s materially decreased in the lust
twouty years. < r itoiiN STKCI , .
Skin blemishes , like
foul teeth , are the more
offensive because they
are mostly voluntary.
The pores are closed.
One cannot open them in
a minute ; he may in a
month.
Try plenty of soap ,
give it plenty of time ,
and often ; excess of good
soap will do no harm.
Use Pears' no alkali in
it ; nothing but soap.
All sorts of stores sell
it , especially druggists ;
all sorts of people are
using it
DR. SNYDER ,
THE SUCCESSFUL OBCSITV SPECIALIST
Mrs.Alice Mni'lu.Ojvuon.Mo. Wclclit-lUforo treat-
; ttertrfalmcutiialtid.
The following personi liaro lakon treatment of
Dr. flnrilor. will ) lowof welitht ns irlvon bnlow.
Tlioy will cheerfully mnnwer all [ Inquiries If Btmupi
uro iucluiod. , , , , , .
Wright Weight
llufuro. Afur Loss ,
Hits. llAruii. : f.Jiinwsox ,
I'uclllcJunction , Iowa KJIbf. UTlbs. 178 lb >
Slus , AMCUMAI-I.K , ,
urceun , Mo. . . 3M " IC3"
B. H. Cure.
Oiuru. Wl . . . . . . . .3IJ ( " SOJ 1:15 :
BIMUUV VAX \V1.SitIJi
Franklin , 111 121" 233"
HUH. ( iCOlUlK KllUKUAX ,
It. llluwoll. Cnl 278' 100'
Mils. HAHAII lUllNtll ,
1311 ( ro. KlfHi-it. . *
J.uuTomvorlli , Km 276 " 70" 105'
PATIENTS TREATED BY MAIL.
NoKnrrlnK , no Inrnnrruleucu , linrmleM And no bad
miDcU , Strictlycoiiluli-iitlul , 1'urclrculon aaute
tluiouiali addroii with Cc. In * tini | ,
DR. O. W. F. SNYDER.
Bldrj. , Chlcaao. Ill
ALLAN LINE
KOVAf , MAII STKAMSIIll'3 ,
CAUIN , l.1 to MHU , Aceordlu , ' to jtuuiuo
mid location ut atiitoroom.
IntoriiiudliHuiinil htuor.iuo at low rutoi
STATE j. ALLAN LINE
LINE J STKAMSHU'S.
NKW VOllKuud GIAH'JO\Y. ' \
Vlal-onilunJerrr. ovcrr FortnliiUt.
AUK , lltti HTATB OF NISVADA..noon
AuJ iitli . . . . .BTATK 0V NKIIUASKA. , . . . .uouu
b "t. bin. . .8TATIJ OK CALIFOHN1A. U A , M ,
Cabin , III ) , hocond Cabin JJ. bluerajo.lU.
Apply to AU.AN A CO. , Cblcago.
11. M. MOOllB. 1S1V UawarU Bt. UiuaUa.
& &M & &
OVERBOARD
\
Some people don't believe in doing things by
halves , but we do. We are doing something by
'halves now that seems to be the proper capar if the
amount of our sales is any criterion. We're selling
y .the rest of Hellman's suits by halves ; that is , Half
7 Price. They won't last but a few days now.
= 7 School Boys.
= 77 .
-7 j
Boys who are betiveen 4 and 14 years old can get an
all wool suit of us now for $2.O.O. Ms an elegant
gray cassimcrc in tivo pieces. *
Boys elegant worsted 2-piece suit , in plaids and stripes ,
ages 4 to 14 , for $3.5O , worth $6.
= 7 Boys' 3-piece suits , ages 12 to IS , loiig pants , wool mix
= 7 tures , in three shades , go al$3.0Oi worth fully $5.
.Boys' 3-piece suits , long pants , all ivool cassimere , dark
i effects , 5 different styles , ages 12 to iS , worth $10 ,
Boys' . single Knee. Pants and Long Pants , in all sizes ,
*
styles and prices.
These lines must be closed out within the next few d.iys , as we must
have the room they occupy for OUR NEW FALL ARRIVALS ,
Columbia Glothin
Company ,
Corner 13th and Farnam Streets , Omaha !
Successors to M. Hellman & Co.
: TF f f > ?
FILLED WITHOUT PAIN
At Last We Have ft. . The Most Sensitive Tooih Filled , Without Pain , by a HEW PROCESS.
No of losing any decayed tooth. All can bo saved-bv this wonderful process of filling which works lilto
mar/ie" IB necessity now fop the patent and siraplo and harmless us w.-Uor. 3y this PAINLESS PROCESS wo mount bountiful
Po&inttmal Crowns W roots ot front tooth. By this NEW PROCESS wo attach mire gold crowns on the bicuspid and
mnlir roots wit limit Dliin. Bv this wonderful proco33 wo restore by contour gold lilling tlio original shupo of a broken or do- <
" tooth. DCN ? < 5i' DELAY these Important orBans. Have ovcry tooth preserved THINK A MINUTE. The beauty
of the raouth nnd face. The sweetness of the breath. The comfort in masticating food , and your health demands that you
care for your mouth and tooth.
To these who have lost their natural
teeth , or part of them , \\Q call attention
to our method of making TEETH
WITHOUT PLATES. Fixed and Removable -
movable Bridge Work.
Cull and sue the Morris Thin Elastic
Dental Plato , as thin as paper , elastic as
whalobono. tough us leather. With
this kind of a plate wo onn successfully
lit mouths that have failed to get , a lit
from any other method. These plates
uro pleasant to wear , fooling soft and
agreeable to gums and tonguo. Co-st no
more than other kinds.
A FULL SET
of Teeth on Hard Rubber ,
PERFECT FIT GUARANTEED.
Tectli extracted without pain by
means of our wonderful local anaisthotic.
Nitro oxide or laughing gas and vital-
i/.cd air kept constantly on hand , aud
administered without danger.
Remember name and location.
W. BAILEY DENTIST
DR. R. . , - -
Office , Third Floor Paxton Block , 16tli and Farnam Streets.
Eritranco on Slxtconth Btroot , Klovtvtoror Stairway. Telephone 1035. Cut thin out for a guldo.
HOME
INDUSTRIES
By Purchasing Goods I\Iade \ at the Following Nebraska Factories. If you
cannot find what you want , communicate with the manufacturers as
to what dealers handle their goods.
AWNINGS.
OMAHA TKNT
AWNINO Co.
Flok'i , hammocks , ollnml
riibburalolhlnic. Henilfor
U.iulouui' . UU I'nrnum
PUKDlCllUOBllKW- OMAHA
1NO CO. ASSOCIATION :
Our bottled cabinet bo9r aunrantood to equal out-
delivered to anjr part Ide bratiji. Vloniu
ol thooltir , Kxiiort buttloil bojr ,
luUTJuckionSlrajU ilellreraJ Li taiulllaj.
J30XE3.
OM AHA BOX FAC
TOKV.
Nailed nud dorolallO'l
boioi. Capacltr AXJa
dur , Kait Uiualm Tel
ill. I' , O. bortUJ.
OVERALLS. PRINTERS.
Hiii ) Jou Pnisr
Co.
CO.
1NQ . ,
292-t Uouilai atroot.
llco
CIQARS.
SMOKI : BLUK II. BliSliMX.
CIUAK. Special brand * luudo to
orddr.
Omnlm .Maniifnctiiro Factory KlWIMIrlcIc TO
JucobJuikuluk. btoroSW North IDtli.
DYE WORKS
ClIA'S. SltlVJCUICMC OMAHA STKAM
& CO. , JJYK WOltKS.
Clonnlnir utid dyuliu of
Furniture , Carpoti and
.
evcrr ilajcrl'lloi ( )
liranarlu .
* liil Honnri
12UJ Furnaiu ,
FLOUR.
& P. Glf.MAX. OMAHAMlfIIXUCO
10IM&-UN. IDtU. Ulllcuniid mill ,
C. K. Illnct , 3lanior. : UU.Nortli Itilli
IRON WORKS.
I'AXTON fc VlBU- IKON
WOUKB.
\Vronuht und out Iron Mfif. and roimlrliiKi all
bulldltiK.work , u kl.idi luudilnor , 711 ti.
bran wurk , etc. lllhtit. Till. UU.
OMAHA SAI--K AKI >
I ICON Woitics.
Bafei , Ttulti , J&ll work
Iron ihutteri ftnd tlrj
rioapiti. U. Androjn ,
llth Una Jac * a
MATTRESSES. WHITE LEAD.
, " 'IIK OMAHA MAT- CAKTKU WIIITJS
TIIKS8 CO.
LnAi ) Co.
Mnttroindi , feathar pi
Jowtf nnd comforter * . ITo I- Corrodon anil Kiittor
To trade only. Htrlctlr iniri wlilto leaA
Iin-K-lt ) Ilarner St. Knit Ouinln . J
RUHHER QOOD3. SADDLERY.
OMAHA RujuniitCo M Allies Buos'
SADDLISItY CO.
Manufacturlnit anil Joli-
bun u ( nil klnli uf Block taddloi und Unlit
rubber "FHIi llriiini" ImrneiiaipvclaUj' . ItUf
liooch. liWKnrimm BL Humor itreel.
SASU , UOJR3 , BLINDS.
II. P. CADY Lux
MouhllnKB , elalr mill , unit Co.
nvHil > , baluiton.icroll Onico nnd bank wurk
work , ulo. ToleplionoVJ iimcl ltr. aN.'JtU \
liihiiml Mnroy alt ,
SYRUi' . SOAP.
1'AOB SOAl1 CO. ,
olllof , I'roiervas , Mlnoj Miuufaeturen of Uoloa
Muatand Apple Jlutler , Uoap.
bjrrupi , Molatet. ill Hi Ulckorjr itreet.
UoutuUeroutbBI.