SHALL m HAVE IL1H ! SUM CJI
j
Joint Discussion by Edward Rosewater and
Jay Burrows.
.
PART in.
Mr , lto owittrr' ronrliulnn.
I In view of the fact that my figures on
'ftllvor ' dollar colnago were absolutely
correct nnil Mr. Uurroivs wns away elTon
on his colnagoslatlstlcs , it was an act of
generous condescension on his part to1
exonerate mo. While I r.m willing to
lot Mr. Hurrows throw dust In the eyes
of credulous people disposed to nccopt
his version of the discrepancy between
us , I am compelled to point out the fact
that ho has badly mixed his figures ami
Included with the silver dollar coinage
not only all small silver coins , but also
the entire colnago of nlckles and
copper ponnlos when ho well know that
every discussion of free silver deals ex
clusively with the coinage of silver del
lars. Thn act of 187.'t demonetising silver
vor applied to standard silver dollars and
to no oilier coin. It did notas Mr. Hur
rows assorts , take away the legnl tender
quality of the half dollars and smaller
eilvo' ' " coins. They have not been a legal
tender in any larger sum than five del
lars Hinco 185:1. : Mv friend acts very
much like the cuttle fish that covers
Ills tracks with inky fluid when hu gets
into close quarters.
Ho sheds 11 great deal of Ink in de
nouncing the imaginary conspiracy of
IB" ! ! nnd ascribes to it all the calamities
that have befallen the country within the
lust eigli teen years. Tlio bill was pending
in congress for nearly three yonrs. ll was
discussed during live different sessions ,
and the debates occupied 148 pages of
the Congressional Globe. No unbiased
perhon will contend that it was
smuggled through by the connivance
of a majority of momhors in both houses
of the national legislature. Its charac
ter was perfectly understood and clearly
explained by tlio late .ludgo Kelley of
Pennsylvania , Stoughton of Michigan.
Senator Ingalls and other members of
both houses , who have never boon sus
pected of being chumps.
Mr. Uurrows contends that the act of
J873 is responsible for the widespread
industrial depression and world wide
shrinkage of prices. Ho draws n most
pathetic picture of the concentration of
wealth , tlio spread of poverty and dis
tress utuiu unparalleled production , and
caps the climax of exaggeration by ns-
HOi'tiug that the domonoti/.ation of sil
ver has lost the farmers of this country
an average of one thousand millions a
yi ar or eighteen thousand millions since
The whole national debt , the debts of
all our ulntes , counties and cities , tlio
liondcd debt of all the railroads , and the
debt of all the corporntions , added to all
the farm mortgages of this counlry , are
computed at ICBH than 828,000,000.000 ,
and the farm mortgages are less than
one-eighth of the total. He points his
bony linger at the ghastly spectre which
his over-hontod imagination has con
jured up and challenges mo to toll him ,
Jf I can , whether the cause of all the
citlumitios , industrial depression and
business failluros were due lo ever pro-
Suction , speculation , intemperance , li
centiousness , extravagance or waste of
wars. And then ho answers the ques
tion for himself : "No , It is none of these !
It is the direct result of
the diboao that attacked us in 187. in
the ill-ndvitnid attempt to discard the
use of silver as a "full legal tender
money. "
With the same propriety he might
charge Hint tlio grasshoppers that do-
vnstnted Kansas and Nebraska in 1874-
7" > ; and the cyclones that Imvo sweptovor
Iowa and Minnesota , were duo to the
nil vor conspiracy of 1873. And on lop of
these calamities micht bo added all the
other terrible visitations by flood and
lire. earthquc' < osnnd jxisliloiico.
Lot us now t'iko a retrospective view
of the ton yours prior to 187il when the
country , had free and unlimited coinage
nnd according to Burrows , was prosper-
oiiB-.whon money wan plentiful and prices
of nil commodities were high. It was
nn era of extravagance nnd reckless
expenditure in public and private places.
Tito enormous volume of depreciated
currency stimulated gambling in stocks
and nil kinds of commodities ,
including gold which commanded a pre
mium. Merchants , manufacturers and
farmers were paying ruinous rates of in
terest because the speculators and gold
and stock ( ramblers were paying from
1 to 10 per cent n month for the uo of
money. The memorable Black Friday
on wh'ich Jay Gould and his associates
ruined thousands of the most enterpris
ing business men nnd drove scores of
thorn into the mad-house , while scores
of others committed suicide , was the
natural outcome of Mr. Burrows'
iniu'h vaunted period of cheap money
wosporlty. Tlio Illnclc Friday of it
180 ! ) wart followed by the crash
of 1S7.1 , which paralyzed our entire -
tire Industrial nnd commercial
system , am ] loft it strewn with
wi'jckri like the Atlantic const after u
terrillo hurricane. This was before the
ellvor dollar was stricken from our coinage -
ago nnd at least two yearn before silver
began to depreciate , will any free coinage -
ago man explain why tno prospnroua
era following the war ; with fta abund-
. mice of money nnd high prices , culmi
nated In national bankruptcy nnd a
- general prostration of all Industries nnd
enterprises , from which it took the
country moro than ton years to recovery It
The true explanation is that this
boasted prosperity was fictitious. The
nation was groaning under an enormous
public dubt nnd nn in 11 a ted currency
which created false values and ex
travagant prices. Men of moderate -
ate moans , believing themselves rich
hccnmo spendthrifts and paid exorbitant
rates of interest as if thu day of reckon
ing never would coma This onv of in-
tlallon nnd bogus prosperity proved of
no real advantage to the producers or
the working people. It waa an exhaust use
ing stimulant and had
about the BIUIUI of
effect tin if the nation had been on u big
drunk , from .vhloh It sobered up with a
terrible hoaduoho and general prostra
tion. of
tion.Tho
The key note for the shrinkage of
uricofl since 1873 hug been unwittingly
furnished by Mr. Burrows himself.
Our population in 1873 was about red
foity-two millions and u half. Computing
the present populrulon at slxty-livo
millions , the increase in population has
been 6. ) per cent In the same period
we have increased thu product of pig
iron GOO per cent , iron and fctool 200 pot-
cent , petroleum 200 per cunt , cattlu 123
percent , cotton 133 per cent , sugar 130
percent , corn 110 per cent , and wheat less
78 per cent. The total number of
bushels of grain produced in the
year ' 7l ! ur s 35U per capita , in by
80 it was 62 4-5 bushola and in'Ul wo had
01 bushels per capita. The
marvelous development of our natural
resources hua during the past eighteen
years multiplied our producing capacity
far beyond the increase of population.
The full in prices hua boon in accord
with the .uw of supply and demand.
I'ho proof that the commercial decline
In the value of silver has had little or no
bearing upon the fall In prices of other
commodities Is conclusively furnished In
llio market prices of farm product ? .
In 1830 the price of wheat in Chicago
was * U > 5 per bushel ; in 18-57 , $1.22 ; in
18-58 , 71 cents ; In 1851) ) , 03 cents ; In 1800 ,
0 ! ) cents. During- those live years the
bullion In the silver dollar was worth
from $1.02 to $1.01 in the commercial
market. How are wo to reconcile the
decllno of 00 cents a bushel in the price
of wheat between 1850 and ISoDV In 1805
wheat tit Chicago was $1.60 per bushel
and a silver dollar was worth all the
way from $2.00 to $2.40 In greenbacks.
In 1870 wheat was $1.00 a bushel and the
bullion in the silver dollar was worth
$1.03 in cold. In the same year the
total production of silver in America
wns only $17,000,000 , while in 1800 It was
$70,401.045.
In 181)0 ) , when silver was quoted at $1.10
an ounce , wheat at Chicago sold for 1)0 )
cents ; today silver Is quoted at 88 cents
an ouneonnd wheat uP Chicago Is 874
cents it bushul. Had the price of wheat
been gauged by the price of sll vorwheat
at Chicago today would sell for only 00
cents a bushel. Three years ago corn
wad .so cheap in Nebraska and Kansas
that it was used as fuel and millions of
bushels were burned in place of coal ,
today it sells at HO to 40 cents n bushel.
Th'e fact is that the decline and rise
in the price of silver has no more nfToct
upon the price of f.irm products than has
the decline or rise in the price of copper
or pig iron. The law of supply and
demand governs the prices of commod
ities as tno law of gravitation governs
the rise and fall of rivers. The potential
force that has lowered silver on the
scale of prices has boon the same force
that raised it out of the bowels of the
earth. When the production of our
minus was small , silver ' commanded
a higher price than when the
output of the mines had in
creased and the cost of mining
had decreased. Since 1873 the output
of our siver mines lias increased enormously -
mously , while the amount and cost of
labor expended in mining has decreased
very materially. It is computed that the
cost of mining the bullion contained in
our etandard'silvor dollar is 48 cents.
Incidentally , lot mo call attention to
the fact that the talk about crippling u
great Industry by withholding free
coinage is baseless. Silver mining has
never been more profitable than it has
been since congress made the coinage
of twenty-four millions of silver
dollars a year compulsory and
especially since the act of 18)0 ! ) ,
which requires the secretary of the
treasury to buy and store away 4,500,000
ounces of silver every month.
Colossal fortunes have boon made in
silver mining within the last fifteen
years , although the wages of the minor
have boon gradually going down.
The mining of the precious metals is
not such a vast industry us many people
imagine. All the gold and silver mines
in the United States only employed 57- ,
307 persons in 1889-00. Their average
earnings ; including superintendents and
mininir experts , was $720 a year , or $2 a
day including Sundays.
There are twice as many persons en-
gaced in farming in the "stato of Ne
braska alone ns in all the silver mines
of America , and the products of Ne
braska's farms for the year 1891 will
yield more in gold dollars than all the
silver mines in the United States have
yielded in any single year.
AH" . Burrows insists that it takes twice
or throe times as many busholb of wheat
or corn and other products of the farm
to pay any given sum of interest , and
ho assorts that it
would take twice as
many products of the farm or factory to
pay the small national debt of today
as it would have taken to pay the
national debt at the end of the war.
Such comparisons arc deceptive.
There are not two days in u year on
which any given commodity will ex
change for exactly the same quantity of
other commodities.
It is of no consequence to tha farmer
whether ho gives fifty or 100 bushels of
anything if the fifty bushels cost him
precisely the same as the 100 bushels. "
One thousand bushels of wheat today
will not pay as much on" a farm mort
gage as it would thirty years
ago , because it does not cost the farmer
in days' worlc to raise 1,000
bushels of whoa't today what it
did 500 bushels thirty vours ago ,
both standard gold times. It is an "
established fact that u farmer can pay
olT his mortgage now with wheat soiling a
at 75 cents a bushel using the modern
methods and machinery witli the same
number of days' work that would have
boon required to produce the same
results before the war at $1 a bushel.
Putting his corn at 20 cents a bushel I
would take the same number of days'
work to p.iy olT a given amount now
that it would have tuken in IbOO
with corn at 44 cents a bushel.
This results from the use of
improved machinery of today
which has put down prices. All com
modities that the farmer buys have
fallen in price by a larger percentage
than those which the farmer produces.
The great fall in prices that has taken
place within the last twenty-five years is
bemoaned by free coinage men us the
direst calamity , when in fact It has
proved a great blessing to the lolling
masses in the workshop and on the farm. of
lias placed within the roach of these
breadwinnorb commodities that were
considered luxuries fit only for the rich.
Cheap prices have -
iniu-volonsly In-
croiibod the consumption of all products.
Laborers who formerly only had meat
once a week now have meat throe
times a day. or
When people paid $1 for six pounds of .
sugar they used sugar like medicine in the
teaspoonful doses. Now that they got
twenty-two pounds of sugar for $1 they
it as liberally as they do Halt. And
what la true of bugar is true of hundreds
article * that may bo found in ovury
household. But I cannot expect to con
vince a man who claims that the people
the United States are paving $ ! > in to
interest for every paper , gold and Hilvor
dollar " in circulation. If that were
true wo would bo paying as not
interest fourteen thousand three hund
millions of dollars n year , or $220 in
terest per capita , $1,100 a year for every for
man with a wifoandthroocliildron , Was tion
there over such reckless exaggeration !
Admitting that the double standard cate
would bo very desirable , It has become
manifest to every Intelligent financier
that wo can never permanently restore
silver to any fixed ratio with gold un 1ms
the leading nations of the world ho
unite upon the double standard.
With free and unlimited silver coinage bnck
the United States alonewo would bo
that
that
era
ance
ated
eral
$000,000,000 of gold coin and
$310,000,000 of greenbacks , which are
redeemable In gold , would bo withdrawn
from circulation. Instead of $21.50 poi-
capita wo would have less than $10 per
capita of actual money in circulation.
All the silver product of this
country converted into silver del
lars would only add to our
volume of currency $70,000.000 a
year. At that rale Itwould take nine
years of free coinage before wo rould
replace the gold that would bo forced
out of circulation , and it would take
thirteen years of free coinage to replace
the gold and greenbacks.
But this is not the " . -at fea
tun . Suppose it was nbso..itoly cer
tnlt that congress would pass a free
coinage bill and the president stood
pledged < to approve it. Long before
the bill had reached its final passage
there would bo a run by depositors on
all the banks and trust companies.
Merchants and manufacturers would
transform i their available funds into
gel drafts and foreign bills of exchange.
The ' ' . ' savings banks would bo Ixjslcged
and stormed by excited and exasperated
working people alarmed ever the
prospect that tholr scanty sav
ing would depreciate In purchas
Ing power. Money lenders every
where ! would crowd debtors mid put on"
the thumb screws to either force a col
lection before gold went up to a pre
mium or compel the debtor to make a
concession. livery debtor whoso notes
or interest were payable in gold would
have to pay n high premium.
This is no overdrawn picture ,
but would fall far short of the
reality. The panic of 18-57. and the
crash of 1873 that carried down ever
5,000 linnswould bo moro child's play In
comparison.
Assume , If you please , that wo have
safely . passed this crisis , how would the
farmer or wage worker faro with a de
preciated curroncymuch smaller in volume
linn than our present circulation ?
I'ricos would bo up , but the farmer
would get American money witli its
diminished : purchasing power for his
products and the wage worker pny-
ing two prices for the necessaries of life
would have to bo on a perpetual strike
toe got his wages raised.
. Air. Burrows , pointing to the gospel
of St. John the
, bullionairo banker , ex
claims it is not true gold will disappear
from circulation with free and unlimited
coinage. Franco has hold up silver
vor . under great variation of ratio
and America certainly will bo
phlo , , ' to do the same thing. Free coinage -
ago will restore silver to $1.29 an ounce
and keep It on a par with gold. Well , if
free coinage will not disturb
our currency , then nrices of farm
products and commodities will remain
just whore they now are. Who , then ,
will bo benefited by free coinage ?
Would not the whole advantage rest
with the bullionairo mine owner , who
would bo in position to exchange 73
cents worth of bullion for one dollar's
worth of grain , meat , cotton or labor ?
Whore would the farmers' profit como
in ? Do not these facts"forco upon ns the
conclusion that the free and unlimited
coinage of silver is not expedient and
would not , if carried Into olloct , pro
mote the public welfare ?
Sir. Hurrous' Conclusion.
I could be quite content to lot Mr.
Rosewater close the debate on free
coinage with his article this week , and
shall only brietly allude to some of his
glaringly incorrect assumptions.
As to his figures about old coinage of
silver his quarrel is with the secretary
of the treasury , not with mo.1 quoted
his figures correctly. And in either
case no material fact bearing on the
actual question at issue is proven.
But Mr. Roscwutcr'a statement that
the silver dollar was dropped out of our
coinage in 1873 with the full knowledge
and approval of nearly every man in
the country who at that time took any
interest in the coinage or monetary
questions , is simply monstrous. The
facts in relation to this matter arc his
torical , and as I stated. No person has
said "that it was smuggled tlirouirh by
the connivance of a majority of the
members of both houses. " What is
claimed is that it was smuggled througji
by the connivance of a very few mem
bers , and that the gro.tt "majority of
members of both houses" know nothing
about it.
President Grant stated , years after-
y/ards , that ho signed the bill of 1873 in
ignorance of its provisions dropping the
silver dollar.
Mr. Garliold said , in 1877 , that ho
"wns ashamed to confess that he did
not know what was in the bill demone
tizing silver when it passed it was put
through upon tiio faith of tha chairman ,
Mr. Hooper of Massachusetts. ( Mr.
Garfield was a moinbor of the house in
1873. )
February 13 , 1878 , Mr. Voorhecs said :
"Its enactment was ns completely un
known to the people r.t the presence of
burglar in a house at midnight is to its or
sleeping inmates. "
Mr. Hhiino ( who was speaker when
the bill passed the house ) , said : "I think
now , very clearly , with the light before
me , that it was a great blunder , * * *
did not know anything that was in the
bill at all. "
Hon. Allen G. Thurman of the senate
said , "I cannot say what took place in
the house , but I know when the bill was
pending in the senate wo thought it was
simply n bill to reform the mint , regulate -
late coinage , and fix up one thing and
another , and there is not u singio man in
the senate , I think , unless a moinbor ot
the committee from which the bill came ,
who had the slightest
idea that it was
oven a hint toward demonetization. " bo
Mr. Kelley of Pennsylvania , March 9 ,
1878 , said that ' 'though chairman of the
committee on coinage , I was as ignorant
the fact that it would demonetize the
silver dollar from our coins , us were
those distinguished senators , Messrs.
Blalne and Voorhoos. " Congressional
Record.
The absolute recklessness and unre
liability of Mr. Rosowator's statements
may be soon from the above. Only two
tlirea members of conirress , one of
.whom was John Slurman of Ohio , know
villainy the bill contained , and the
people wore absolutely ignorant of it.
Parenthetically , lot mo protest right
hero against the term "bony fintor" as
applied to any of my digits , Though
rattier slight in build , I weigh 150
pounds. My frame is well padded with
healthy muscle and adipose tissue ; i.nd
be hold up as a haggard cadaver in
behalf of the single
gold standard Is a
stretch of editorial courto y which can
Iw permitted.
I do contend , ns Air. Rosewater says ,
that the act of 1873 is largely responsible
thu general depression and stagna
of business since that date. I
asked Mr. Rosewater , last week , to Indi
soina cenenil cause that could produce -
duce those results , if that not , and the
general subsequent legislation in line
with it , was not the actual cause. He
failed to answer my nucbtion , though
quoted and fully understood it. In
stead of attempting to answer he goes
to the period prior to 1873 and
uttnmpU to account for the pan c of
year. In doing this he misatutox
history , and shows an entire lack of un-
dorsta'nding the cause of the "Black
Friday" and HID financial disaster of
year. Ho uskd , "Will any free
coinage inun explain why the prosperous
following the war , with its abund
of money and high prices , culmin
in national bankruptcy and a gen
prostration of all industries and en
torprisos , from wlilehjit took the coun
try moro than ten yo r.s to recover ? "
Ves , moro frank than Mr. Rosewater ,
I will explain the reason to the satisfac
tion of every cnndld'tnnn. '
The enormous "expenditures made
necessary by the war called for a much
larger volume of inouoy than then ox-
iBtcd in the country. , As always in such
emergencies the volitmo of specie wns
insuflicicnt. Speclb Jiaymonts were sus
pended , and the government issued
various kinds of paper money , among
these United Statqs treasury notes , or
what nro known ng , , greenbacks. As is
always the case In times of increased
money volume , nil 'kinds ' of production
received n wonderful impetus. Probably
moro actual wealth was produced per
capita in the years 18(53 ( to 1807 than In
any ton years of our national existence.
UnfortunnJoly and unwisely , in issu
ing its legal tender paper , two impor
tant exceptions * were made. The gjv-
eminent discredited its own paper to
the extent that it would not receive it
for duties on imports , nor pay it for in
terest on the public debt This made
gold a necessity to the government and
at the same time n speculative commo
dity. The gold board was established ,
and men became wild in the gold specu
lation. Moro gold would bo sold in one
day on that board than was In existence
in America and the United Kingdom.
"Black Friday" was the direct and
legitimate result of that gold craze ,
which was the legitimate result of the
exception clause of the greenback.
The business of the country hud be
came adjusted to the Increased volume
of money demanded by the war. The
panic of 1873 was caused by the unwise
attempt to compress tho' business of
the country of 1870 into the straitjacket -
jacket of the money volume of 1801-2.
Granting for argument's sake that the
money volume of 180-5 may have been too
largo , it would not have been too much
for 1875 ; for during that time the wealth
and business of the country doubled in
amount , requiring double the amount of
money. Now territories were populated ,
new railroads built , states and cities
sprung up ns If by magic , the seceding
states returned to the union , until every
dollar of money In the country was
needed and profitably employed. But
nol The money power demanded con
traction , and contraction began.
Chicago Inter Ocean , the loading repub
lican paper of the west , then edited by
Hon. F. W. Palmer , the present national
printer , said in its is-suo of Juno 29 , 1878 :
So tbo shrlnltapo went on , at the beck and
bid of tbo manor power , till the volume ban
been contracted $1,2:50 : , 090,085 , leaving a
volume oi money of frOd,079,03. ) .
The United States Monetary commis
sion said of this contraction :
If nil the ( Joins in this country had boon
doubled by on act of loRlslatloa it would have
been a far loss calamity to the debtor and to
tbo country tliiin tbo Incrcaso of tboir real
burden already caii'Od by a contraction in
the volume of money ;
The contraction of" the currency from
n volume of $48 por'capita in 180-5 to $13
per capita in 1873 'multiplied ' the pur
chasing power of the dollar by three and
reduced the value 'of property and the
debt-paying powoiof products in the
same ratio. , ,
The horrors that Mr. ; Rosewater per
trays in his question , ) and manv more ,
followed. The "crash , " "Black Fri
day , " "tho pnnlc , " almost a total sus
pension of payment of private indebted
ness came , carrying ruin , disasterbank-
ruptcy in its trains strowine the years
18711-4-5-0-7 with the ruins of private
fortunes and business.
There were 3.000 failures in 1874.
against 000 in ISOS or five to one , and
suicides increased' , In about the same
ratio.
The country not only did not recovot
from the shock in ton yours , but it has
not recovered from it yet.
The crime of the demonetization of
silver was only a repetition of the crime
of the destruction of the greenbacks ,
and has extended its disastrous ellect
from 1873 to the present time.
The balance of Mr. Rosewator's arti
cle of this week ia so entirely wide of
any application to the subject as to bo
unworthy ol him. He takes my argu
ment showing the decline of money
volume relative to production , and pro
nounces it "the key-note for the shrink
age of prices. " * Certainly. But if there
hud been an Increase of money to correspond
spend witli increased production there
would have been no shrinkage.
Ho now devotes a paragraph to com
paring the price of silver and wheat in
1850-6 ! ) . The prices of singio commodi
ties vary year by year. It is only by
averaging prices for terms of years that
the full olTectof money volume ib shown.
The facts nro too well known to uiako it
necessary to repeat them.
Ho now begins upon the price of silver
and its relation to wheat since its do-
inonoti/ntion , and then bays :
The fact Is that the decline and rise in tbo
price of silver tins no moro effect upon the
price of farm products limn tins the decllno
nso In thu price of copper orng \ Iron.
The principle I have d3inonitrated is ,
that volume of money , not the price of
the material of money as a commojity ,
controls prices. But India being a sil
ver using country and a wheat produc
ing country , with a commerce largely
controlled by England , a wheat using
country , it happens that the price of sil
ver is of vital moment to our wheat
raisers. By the demonetisation of-sil-
vor the people of England are enabled ,
with gold , to buy silver nt 30 per cent
discount , which when shipped to India
and coined into rupees will buy as much
wheat as could huvo been bought with
the gold. This is equivalent to buying
wheat at30 percent loss than it could
bought were silver not demon
etized. The wheat raiser of this
country Is thereby compelled to compote
with underpaid and half-starved ryots.
And so It is with our cotton planters , and
every article of Indian export "Tho
of supply and , demand , " finding its
first expression InJLhu supply of money
relatlvu to product"governs the price
the
the
The delicate , Aroma and fruit
taste of articles flavored with
Dr. Prices Dulfcious Flavor
ing Extracts as contrasted
with the coar $ and disagree
able taste ofofthose flavored
with the common flavoring
extracts now jn the market ,
pagb
is really one of the striking
peculiarities of these famous
and valuable products. The
difference is so notable that
any person once using Dr.
Price's Flavors will never
again use any other. They
arc valuable additions to our
food , the use of which is cer
tain to increase as knowledge
of their superior qualities
spreads.
of comtnoilUlos ns the law of gravitation
governs the rise find full of rlvoro. "
Mr. 11. now mnkos some immaterial
comments on silver mining , not deny
ing my nssortlon of lust week , tlmt our
( limncinl policy tended to depress the
vnluo of our silver product.
Mr. Hosowittor institutes n compari
son between tlio nniount of product required -
quired to pay u mortgage now and be
fore the war. Admitting ho Is correct ,
which I do not , It Is it sulllcicnt answer
to say that mortgages have Increased
out of all proportion to the Increase of
products to pity them with. UeslUes , I
assort without fear of successful contra-
0 lotion , that mortgages cniuiot.be paid
olT with whont at 75 cents a bushel. Any
practical man can demonstrate this.
An aero of wnutt : on tin average Nohras
ka farm cannot bo raised for Ic.sa than
$ S.Kt , not counting interest on any part
of the plant except land. Averaging the
yield at tlftcon bushels per acre , it can
easily bo seen what u slim chance the
mortgage would have after subsistence ,
lu fact that price would not provide
subsistence.
Mr. Hodowntor now makes the amaz
ing statement that low prices nro n
blessing "to the toiling masses In the
workshop and on the farm. "
Again we must go by averages , and ,
so considered , all history proves that It
is not so. 1 will not argue the ques
tion , only thus far : Tlio period since
187't has been tin era of low prices. Lot
Mr. nosowalor ask the million * * of
tramps , the millions of men working on
short time , half n million of miners
working for 00 to 80 cents , n day , and
paid in orders on "pluck mo" "stores ,
the millions of bankrupt merchants and
mortgaged farmers , which ho could
llnd in any year of that era ; and all who
understand the cause of tholr borrow
will toll him that low prices arc not n
blessing.
Mr. I { . assorts that I said the people
wore pitying $0 in Interest for every
dollar in circulation. Mr. Kosowator
must bo very much occupied , indeed , to
cause him to read so wildly. Of course
1 have said nothing of the' kind. What
I have bald ( but not in this discussion )
is that there were in use about $1) ) of
credit money , bused on deposits , for
every dollar of actual money in the
country.
It clears the
hcail \ \ hen you
clear tlio stomach
mid bo reels. You
can't think , with
your bysU'm all
chokoa tip nnd
stagnant. That's
just the time to
contract ili.scaso ,
too.
too.Put
Put yourself In
good condition
with Dr. Picrco's
Pleasant Pallets.
You Tvon't have to have n striiRclo with
them , as you do with the ordinary pill. You
won't uotico them. Mildly nnd Rcntly , but
thoroughly and effectively , they cleanse nnd
regulate the wbolff system. Sick or Bilious
Headaches , Constipation , Indigestion , Bilious
Attacks , and nil derangements of the liver ,
Etomach , nnd bowels nro prevented , relieved
nnd cured. ,
Thoy'ro the best liver pill known , purely
vegetable , perfectly harmless , the smallest ,
easiest and best to take. Thoy'ro the cheap
est pills you can buy , too , for they're guar-
THE DREADED "GRIPPL ,
RELIEF AND CURE.
A HENSON'S PLASTER
placed over tlio Client nnd
another one between the
Shoulders Insures not only
Imnacdlutu relief , but quick
est euro for thosoJIusoular
1'ulns th.it accompany tlio
Grippe ; nil Rheuiiwtle I'alnx ,
pass nwuy Ilko maile. Wear.
IiiB HliNSON'S '
I'luslerspro-
vcnta the Orlppc during n
contusion. It Is tlio only true
mt'tllcliml porous plnstur. It
Is not a nostrum In nny senst- .
Indorsed byovcrS.OOU 1'liyel-
elans and UruuKlats. Don't
allow Commercial Umgulsts
to palm off cheap subsii.
tutlons. Get thu eeniilnn
BENSON'S and you will nut
be disappointed.
Who Shall Wear the
CROWN
-OF
SUCCESS ?
Shall It bo bolio" founds cities , builds rail
roads , develops new countries , amasses a co >
lossal fortune In Hie money centers nnd fllU a
position of honor In tbe councils of tlio nation ?
shall It be those who devote their time , their
ciierR ) ' , tbelr talents , their very lives to the
welfare of suffering humanity ? Shall U be
such men asA
A\ A\
Pat
Mot
Drs. Betts & Belts
who , In tlielr phllaijthroplo endeavor to bring
health and lupplne H to thu atlllcted , have at Cor.
same lime won fame and fortune for ttiem-
sehes , as well as that still Kreater reward ,
gratitude of the many thousands they havu 'J
restored to health ? Let the answer come from
tlioie lupp ) people themselves ,
lu every case of
Chronic on
Private
Diseases
They eftect speedy and permanent cures.
Send 4 cents for handsomely Illustrated 120
cook.
_
Consultation free. Call upon or address
with stamp ,
Drs. Betts & Betts
IFUBCJITE
YOKE
SUSPENDER
THE LATEST ,
HU | > I > lDr off th
ihoukler luipoc
tlliir. A& your
ilinli'rfor them or ,
M-t.il | 1 00 for am-
1 > U > l > olr tu I.nre \
llul I. Mitpciidrr
„ , , r.r tu in
I'rluie K. , Nc
VuiL.
A SHIRT
,
A white shirt , a good white shirt , a shirt that's
cut to fi.t. Cut long , and full , and wide. A shirt
that's made , well made , made to stay made. A
shirt that's made to wash and wear , and to
wear after it's washed. A shirt with long
sleeves , or short sleeves , as your arm happens
to be , long , or short. A shirt that's made to sell
a man once , then twice , then always. That's
our shirt , The Nebraska. We sell it. Nobody
else does. It's the best shirt sold for the price
by anybody anywheres.
Unlaundried , three kinds.
35e Hcivy : muslin , reinforced front , linen bosom.
New Vorlc Mills muslin , fine linen bosom and bands ,
50e
fully reinforced front and back.
None better malic , nt any price ; best shirting muslin
70e
lin , finest linen bosom and bands , fully reinforced
both front and back , felled seams and hand made
button holes.
Laundried , four kinds.
Heavy muslin , linen bosom , reinforced front.
Wamsutta muslin , fine linen bosom and bands , fully
85e
reinforced front and back ;
Open front , made of New York Mills muslin , linen
$1 bosom and bands , reinforced front and shirred back.
Our finest shirt , made of New York Mills mus
lin , extra fine linen bosom and bands , felled
seams and hand made button holes , fully rein
forced front and back.
Buy one , buy three , buy six. Try the kind.
You'll always wear Nebraska shirts after that.
AMUSEMENTS.
POPULAR
JlSAM
Every Niglii SAM T. JACK'S
This Weel Creole Burlesque Co.
Matinee
Saturday. fn HAM' HUNCO
Botfd's ' New Theater.
ONLY. COMT ,
SNIOIITS /T/ , r/-
' J
MIINOINU MO.N'DAY tu' ' J'
THIS OC3MISIJIAN
DEI
HOPPER ,
/ n I Ills Merry Company , Proscntlii
" "
"WANG.
Halo of scats begins Saturday niornliiK.
min If Thn'ilniilllol ' > ULA
Idlll ijl. IHudlOI I KICKS
One i IVcolf , IJeylnn im .Sunday , > mt-
in ! c , I'V liru > ry 1-1.
Tlio Comedian
AARON I-I. WOODMULIi
In the \iu' nnjlnnd Comc'ilv ,
UNCLE HIRAM.
Supported by 11 utrontf coin pun ) Inchnllit MISS
TUOJA < ; iUS\VOU > . Matlnt'ui Wed , iiiul
TOUR OF THE WORLD
WITH
Bishop mid Mrs. J.P.Ncraan
Eloffnnt Storoopticou ViowH of tlio cities ,
toinplca , shrines and peoples of nil na
tions.
First M.E.CInirch , Fob. 10th , llth 12th.
Admission 60c.
Siitunluy nmlinco nt 2:30 : p. in.
Entirely now views , admission 25e.
GRAND OPERA HOUSE.
Saturday. Fob. 1 ! ! , 1-1 and Jfi.
Hun Monday ay , , I. Mat. Saturday and Sunday
PARIS GAIETY GIRLS NJRLE QUE ,
VL'i Parisian llouulU.s. 25
Hoiits on &ulo tomorrow nt Me , 'iSc , 50a , 7. > o. D
EDEN MUSEE.
. llth nnd Knninm bti. IVculc of February Ctli
Kmiulmiiuz Kmnll/ .
Ieiivu' Mnrloiieltc * .
lie CriH-oi , Contortionist * ,
I'aiU'H Drnnmtlu Co ,
Tlio Illusion , A Hi'til of the AM.
Admliilon Onoclime. Open , 1 to 10 p.m. dull i
WEAKNESS ° MEN
QUICKLY , THOROUOHLY , FOREVER CORED
by a new perfected
eclonfiflo method tliat
cannot fall unless tlio
o o Is berond human
aid. You feel Improved
tbo first dajr , feel a bone *
flteverxdaft ( ooafcuow
your lf a kliia amen
inon In body , mind and
I heart , Urnlni and lonca
ended. Ererr obdacla
to happy mHrrled llforo ,
mured. ti'erra force ,
will , onorpr , brainpower ,
when lallmuor loitaro
restored by this treaU
inont. All ( inalland weak
portions of tbebudf en-
larced and etrenutbened.
Victims of abuses and
ozccucs , reclaim rour
manhoodlHutrerersirura
follr.oterwork.lll health ,
rfKaln jrourvlgurl Don't
di'Bpilr.evunlflnllioloit
( UiKOs. Don't bo dltheart
enedlf quacks barurob.
bed jou. lt us ebow you
that medical ecieiico and
business honor still ozliti here Ko hand In hand.
\Vrllo for oar lluuk wllb explanations * proofs.
mailedcaleilTrue. Orer , OOO rcrercucc * .
EEIB HEDIOAL 00. , BUFFALO , N. X
Sore Throat
Lameness
Sore Ey <
Cu1
FiJes
Female
Complaints"
Rheumatism
AND ALL
Inflammation
Sold only In our own bot'les ' , All druggists ,
POND'S EXTRACT CO.,7G5lhAve.N.Y.
Tbc Largest , Fnntrnt anil I'lncul In the World.
MEW YORKTtaHrjOHDERRy"AMO'OIA8QOW. .
Kvorr Fntnrclny.
NK\V VOUK , fllllKAI.TKli ami NAPM5H ,
At regular Intc'rvnl" .
SALOON , SECOND-CLASS AND STEERAGE
rntoNoti lowest terms to nnd from tlio principle
COOMB. ZHflLUn , JBISH 4 ilL COMTIUKWAt FOIH70.
Kiciiislon tli'kft * ninllnlilH to return liy either the rlc-
Uuvmiue Clyitu Nurth ( Iruluml or Knil | > itllbrultar
Drifts anl Uxv ? OrJeri tcz Ar7 Acsut it ICTtit Hltlt ,
'
( > lr to nnr of our locnl Aventii or to
OUUTIIKKM. Clilcaito , IU.
DII. T VK1.1X CJOUIIAUD'H OlIIKKTAIj CHKA.M.
OU.MAU1CAI , IIKAUIKIKIt ,
lamnvvi ! Tim ,
l'lm ' I'rri'k-
lo , .Mothl'nlcli-
uj. ii-4.i unit
bktu Hl.0i ! c ,
and ( ivory tilum
lili on iniuiilr ,
nmlilurc ) detec
tion , u hiM
DtUod IllUtOMt Of
< 0rrnr > , nnd Ute
to horaildiH wu
tuito. tu uimuru
It Ii proporlr
made , Aecxpt
n o onun urfult
ofiliullirnauiu.
Dr. I * A Vnrrr
nnld to aimof ]
tlio limit ton ( it
iiatlunt ) ; "As you laillr * will uxilliera I rrooiumuiul
( iouruml'i I ri'am'as thu ] ai t harmful of all llui
ikln ' prepuralloim. " For unlulir "II Drugi'liti anil
t'nncr ( iiiuiH Doalari In tha UnltiM tulm. Canada *
und
I'KKDT.HOrKJNB.l'rup'r.iniJreaUoneiBt , , .V V.
Ntitr. Certain Itpiurtljr. Lut *
, innorreturni. twllliruil
CURENtitr. oo to tu ? uITcrer , a fit-
CURE to eoltrgo email , wink
f rl mid crrlnlil cuie for
I Vir jrEiulMl i .V nrf > erl
J.I ) . flUUSi : , lluj 'J1 , Albiuuj Mlt'i
nil I * A INSTANT RELIEF. l'm lcnr.
Ull | > X inlud ) . uil inner rtturni. No
I lfcfcWIOrneiio | tlT .noBiiiiiJO ltor.fiiif.
rerun trill I nurn nf ulnitile ruianajr fin. by il-
t.N. Y.filjr.
CUKE
YOURSELF !
, Ask your Druggist ( or a
bottle of IliB . The only 1
noK'Siobsnoui remedy lor all I
/ ( be unnatural dlichargei nd
I prl vate d Indues of meu and tlio
ilebilltatlng weakness pccutl r
I to women. It cure * In a lew
Idajra without the aid or
i publlrltT of a doctor.
iJ7i l/ni nal American Curt.
MauufACttircut by I
ThfiErani Chemical Os. '
CINCINNATI , O.
U. . A ,