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About Omaha daily bee. (Omaha [Neb.]) 187?-1922 | View Entire Issue (Nov. 15, 1891)
20 THE OMAHA DAILY BEE , SUNDAY , NOVEMBER 15 , 1801-TWENTY PAGES. BIG MUNICIPAL PROBLEMS , A Praotioablo System for Putting Elcotrio Wires Ucthrground. RESEARCHES OF A NATIONAL COMMISSION , Its I'rcHlilonf , Mr. Andrew KuHcwntcr , Ilcvlc\VH Its Work roxiuit Ken- HOIIN for Ilio Municipal Owner- Hilly ui'I'iibllc Mr , Andrew Hosowator returned last week from \Vuihlii'ton ( , U. O. , where Uo bnd bcon cn ngoJ for seine tlrao 03 one of n spo- clnl commlsslon.of lliroo nppolntcii by Presi dent Hnrrlson In compllnnco with an act of congress. Tbo ] commission consisted of Mr. Koacwntcr , who wai selected ns an export in mutilclp.il oimlncorlng worlt , Prof. Henry A. Howlninl pf Johns Hopkins university , a prominent physicist nml clcotrlclnn , and Ueutonnnt P. It. Sbunk of the United States engineer corps. The purpose for which the commission w.v appointed , ns doilncd by the act crc.it Ing It , was to dovlso n plnn of underground eomluits or BUbvvny.s for the District of Columbia nnd innko estimates of the cost. Also , to report whether or not the conduit system should bj owned by a separata company , uy the exist ing companies or by the government , ami. If by tro latter , on what terms nnd conditions Bliould It bo used by private compa nies ; also to frame a code of rules and regulations lor the public nnd private wiring of tlio system with lurthcr recommendations ns to the maintenance and control of the sys tem. tem.Tho commhslon mot in January lost and organized by electing Mr. Hosowator presi dent , The work of Investigation has boon car ; ricd on vigorously ever since and it bns been most thorough ana exhaustive. The result of this Investigation , together with the recommendations of the com mission , wcro embodied In n very exhaustive report which was filed with the president nbout November 1. This report Is u very important one nnd has excited Immense In terest nmong electricians nnd municipal corporations , so much so , that the mem ber * of the commission have boon the re cipients of numorcus requests for conies of It , but us the report cannot bo published In full until congress meets llioso requests can not bo complied with at this lliuo. A representative of Tun HUB called upon Mr. Hosewutcr and requeued an interview upon the question which Is agitating tlio oicctrical world , namely : underground con duits , and that gentleman produced the original manuscript from which the report of the commission had been typo written and proceeded to speak of the report and the sub ject matter therein contained , referring fro- qucntlv to the roil In his hand and quoting coplojs extracts thorofrom. "The llrst tiling for the commission to do , " said Mr. Uosowator , "after finding the Btatus of thu work In Washington , was to ascertain what experiments had been made , which or them had failed and which succeeded and what progress had been made in underground wiring. Correspondence was had with all the leading cities In the country and wo collected all the available data rotating to European experi ence on this subject. "For thu purpose of fair dealing wo called upon the local companies for their present views on this subject. Wo found that the Electric Lighting company of Washington , which had pronounced underground wiring impracticable two years ago , had nowbecomo nn advocate of that system. The telephone company had also concluded thai under ground wiring wns practicable and was In favor of placing its wires under ground as fast ns possible. "Tho Western Union Telegraph company was the only company which strenuously op posed uny such efforts. They presented nr- KUinonts from their electricians and raan- nger , purporting to show that such work was Impracticable to any extent , < n view of the retuvilatlon caused on lines using the duplex and qunuruplex instruments , and Intimated that. If compelled to put its wires underground , it should huvo to reduce the number of Its onicos In thu district , increase thu number of wires and , in contcquencn , raise the tariff on messages , or else locate Its oniccs In the outskirts of the eit.v. "In view of these claims wii'uddrossod n letter to H.V. . Prcoco , electrician of the l > ostnl department of ( ireat ilritnin , ns to the experience in . .omlon , where over'5,000 miles of wire arc now undonrround. "Ho replied that they used duplex and qundruplox Instruments on their main cir cuits nnd that the main circuits of nil lines Wore underground , passing through London for n distance of live or ten miles each , and that without any resultant practical retarda tion. tion."This "This , added to the experience in Chicago , I'liiladclphln , Now York nnd Urooklyn , convinced thu commissioners that the reasons presented by the Western Union company were not tonaulo. "To satisfy ourselves whether any special burdens wore imposed on the corporations for the use of the public streets , wo investi gated the amount of tuxes paid In the district by tliesa companies nnd wo found that the aggregate tax inld by the telephone , tele graph and lighting companies combined , for JSIK ) , was * 1,0.-.50. The exhibit of ttiis In- iignillcant amount convinced us that these companies wore not entitled to any consider ation for reasons of that nature. "Tho board having , after duo investigation , concluded that underground wiring in the city wns practicable from n mechanical nnd electrical standpoint , proceeded to ascertain the nature of the obstacles to bo encountered ; how to overcome them , and to determine which of the varied systems of construction already tried wns oost suited to the wants of the District of Columbia , nnd whether public interests would best bo served under private or public ownership. "To determine the best system and inothod of construction it wns llrst uorossnry to com pare the relative surface and underground condition of thothoroughfnre&ot Washington and other cities. Conditions whlen prevail unon ninny of the streets of Now York and Chicago , which lire literally tilled with un- I cystematlu masses of every concolvcabloklnd of pipes mid mechanisms for gas , water , steam heat nnd power distribution , and where gas pipes , cither through poor con- ttructlon originally , or bad connections unil disturbance. ! Irom innumerable sources , am full of leaks , require for different treatment from such us prevail in u city which has been under systematic control during the greater tmrt of the time since Its conception. " Mr. Uosnwator then spokeot thudinieultlcs and dangers encountered by reason of gas leaking Into the conduits and causing oxplo- tons'whlch frequently result in loss of life , and also of the motho'ls used In various elites to overcome this ( llfllcuity , Turning tq the report Mr. Uosowntor read as follows : "Electrically speaking , It has boon demonstrated that electric light wires can bo laid side by sldo with telephone or telegraph wires , each being Insulated , with out materially interfering with the practical operation of either of tlio. latter. Thu only requisitein each case is that the insula tion be properly protected nnd that in the case of the telephone wire the latter shall bo lu metallic circuit to overcome the effects of current Induction , Thu reports of David U. Walker , chief of the electrical bureau of Philadelphia , clearly bhow tint with proper cnro close proximity of Ulopliono and telegraph - graph wires with elcctrla light wires of high potential will not impair the operation of cither , null ns an instancewo clto n load-un- cusod telephone wira lu metallic circuit for a distance of three miles In tl0 | snmo duct and directly adjoining a lend-oiicusod oluctrlo light wire having n current of Jl.OOi ) volU which has been in successful operation upon Uroad street , Philadelphia , over slncu 188(1 ( nnd Is still in use and in good condition , til this sumo duct within n creosotcd conduit , four other wires urn being used for tele- grnpnto purposes. The only precaution that coins to bo requisite- uliu'lug high aud low potential cables near each other U that the outer casing of the cables should bo crammed at every manhole to prevent accident. If , as bus bee pliown , a telephone aud an electric light wire having high potential current can lie safely Inld ( do by aide lu thu same uuct.lt 1a evident that , with reasonable care by thu use of separate or doublo-chauibcrcd mau- bolos for distribution , a system of conduits with 6cpuratodisUucl aucts for different po tential cabins can bo regarded as practicable. "Tho most Important problem to bo solved from tbu standard ol municipal economy is Imbodlea In tuo question , ( ball the under ground wiring bo effected through open subways , solid Insulated conductors or n system of closely insulated or mechanically protected ductsi Unquestionably the ideal method would bo through an open subway , so constructed as to admit ready access to the wires or cables at till points nnd obviate the necessity of subse quent cutting open of streets. Open tub- ways to meet tbcso requirements , should obviously bo made largo enough to contain the water. gas , cud * ewer i v , ito puuiio and prlvnto servl" ? of the city. Even than , union constructed upon ciich sldo of tbo strcot under the KlJcwalUa , the streets would still require to ho cut open for the purposes of house connections , This , therefore , necessitates either separate sub ways on each slda of the strcot lusldo of tbo curb lines , or a central subwny sufficiently deep for sewer service combined with n con- dull system of connections to the buildings on each side of tlio stront through which water , gas nnd electric service plp s can bo extended1 "Then follows a gro.it deal of detail Illus trating the nocoislty of having subxVnys so constructed that all wires within them may be readily accessible for renewal nnd re pairs , " continued Mr. Hosowatur. "Wo esti mated that a subway lu the center of the street , largn enough "to contain the sewer , water nnd gas pipes , electric cables and with cross conduits for house connection , would cost trom $175,00010 i GO.OOO per mile , ac cording to thu width of the street , and other local conditions. Its construction would In volve the tonrlii' ' up of the old system of pipe-mains and the repaying of about'Jj per cunt of the street area , so that such n plan is impracticable. The cost of double subways one upon each sldo of tlio street would bo about $150,000 or S'200,000 per mile , vary- inir with the extent of the service to bo pro vided for. It is n question whether such nn expenditure would bo Justified In any city. "It is owir.g to this enormous expense * that no city on cither continent has adopted a dis tinctive subway system in tbo popular sense of that term. In Paris the telegraph nnd telephone wires , which belong to the govern ment , arc laid In the enormous sewers , the electric light and power wires being plncoJ in conduits under the sidewalks. "Tho report then refers nt some length to the Increasing value of the space under the sidewalks nnd suggests n rule limiting the nroa wny in front of buildings to a width of tun feet , such a permit to require the bcnullcinry to build n substantial nran wall to n depth below requisite sewer service , .such wall to bo used free of cost , whenever desired , us ono of the walls of un outer public nroaor subway. This would bo the beginning of n double subway system which could bo effected at a greutly reduced cost. "Following this , " continued Mr. Rosewater - water , "tho report takes up the prevalent systems of underground wiring in this coun try and in Europe , namely , tbu solid and the conduit duct systems. "Tho solid duct system , which was nmong the first tried and introduced , has character istic features fuvoraolo to sucb systems of lighting and power transmission which , when once laid , need little or no attention in the future. The Edison incandescent system , ns developed in the United States , is constructed upon this basis. "Wo are then brought to a consideration of the conduit duct system , which admits of drawing in nnd taking out wires and cables as circumstances require. This is unques tionably the cheapest and most practicable system thus far developed , all things consid ered , for general municipal wiring puVposos. In view of this fact , it has been developed in every conceivable form to meet the varied conditions of service and limitations of out lay. "Experiments in Baltimore and Washing ton have developed u practical conduit sys tem In the shape orrcutangillar sections of glared vitrified clay , partitioned elf into separate , distinct rectangular ducts. Both the telephone and electric light companies use it in their construction to the exclusion of all other kinds. The simplicity of the clay conduit , the durability of its ma terial and special applicability to the service in Washington in view of the few impedi ments , taken In connection with its compara- tlvocheapness and capacity , load us to the conclusion that of those conduits having had a reasonably successful test of several years It bust , meets the loqulromcnts of a system specially suitable'to the District of Co lumbia. "Tho report then lakes up the ques tion of the ownershipof those con juiti"con tinued Mr. Kosewater , "and recommends that the conduits should bo built , owned and con trolled by the district , on the broad theory Hint the publlu thoroughfares nnd grounds are and should bo thu exclusive public propurty , and that business necessarily conducted for public purposes upon thPso thoroughfares should bo owned and controlled by the public. This is not an untried theory. Years of actual trial buvo demons tinted tlio prac'icabllity of a public water supply system under municipal own ership. In the United States 41 ! per cent of the water works and fully 75 per cent of the Investment in water wnrus plants arc owned and controlled by municipal corporations. Without exception iuunicip.il ownership in thcso eases has brought about a material im provement in the water supply aud a reduc tion in the water rates. ' The objection generally urged to munici pal ownership , " said Mr. Ho32- water , laying aside the report , "is that wo already have enough corruption in municipalities nnd why should we enlarge the field'instead of curtailing it ) that our. political system is such that every election will bring about.changes detrimental to their proper administration. Other toa- sons urged are ttiat thu object ot government Is to confine public control to tua narrowest limits aud maintain the utmost simplicity. ' The prevalent idea that changes take Place in municipal governments more fre quently than in private corporations Is oironeous. From experience we have had In this country and abroad , departments under the control of parties possessing technical knowledge and skill are not affected by charges incidental to politics. "Whilst 411 per cent of the water works in the United Slates aio owned by municipali ties , wo liud very low changes in those de partments brought about by political resu'ts. The fact that under municipal owner ship water works nave proven successful , rates have bcon reduced and the service im proved , is the best uvidenco that the sumo can be done if applied to other branuhoi of similar service. ' White few cities in the country own gas works , still the experience of that limited number , notably Philadelphia , proves thorn to bu profitable Invostmants for municipal ities. "Thoro nro over seventy electric light plants In the United States owned by munici palities. Their average rates , all things con sidered , nto slightly lower under jnunlcip.il ownership than under contract , notwlth- stnndlng the cities owning their plants nro re strained from furnishing private lights which form tlio basis for the. greater part of the profits. "Referring to the subject of corruption , It can be safely said that 7. > par cant of the cor ruption developed lu tlio municipalities or tlio United States can bo traced to the frmiclmod corporations iu thajo municipalities. The waterworks , gas works , street railway and other corporations co-openuo lu elections for municipal ofllrera to control the election of ofllcors * who will servo tholr purpose , and to their machination is duo the olTort of the boodjo element to secure aldermanic - manic honors. Plucu thosa departments under municipal ownership mid place them beyond the Inllnoncq ofbuli contamination nnd wo got oottor service and reduce the cost of municipal government. "Tho receipts from the franchfsed corpor ations In llorlln i\ra sufficient to run tlio en tire municipal government , lienco no tax fur municipal purpose * U levlod tuuro , The city of Paris derives an annual prollt of $3,000,000 from gas , and ? 1UOO,000 from stivet car aud 'bus sorvico. Philadelphia bus In thu past three years iwor.igeu a nut profit of over ono nnd ouo half million dollara from its gas woiks annually , "The fact is , us a rule , it may oo safely ai- sinned that 50 per cent of tbu valuation placed upon thu property of the gas nnd water works In municlp.il corporations U chargeablt ) to the value of the franchise and not of the plant , Uleuthoro in Omaha $ v 00- , 000 out of the 5,1)00.000 ) of market valuation of the water works lies In the valuu nf the franchise and not In that of tbopl-ut , und tbo same may bo said In u greater or less de gree of the gus and electric pmiiU , "Another point : Whilst the telephone companies attribute tuolr high rates to the pat entee. ' to whom they pay royalty , the cities , for some strangu reason , full to muko these snino patentees pay royalty for the uio of the streets. " Dr. IJIrnoy euros o iturrh. Bco Oldg. The American Slrcef Jlallway association has applied fnrfiO.OOO square feet in the Trans- portatlon building aud appointed a committee to help Chief Smith get u suitable exhibit , which will bo collective. OEXB/TAH. A. Story or tlio Pluto mut liitnttnuk \Viu of 1H7H. Ill fl KNHIt U. O. O. HOWAIII ) . Ocotah lived In n wild place , rightly named "Malhour,1' which means mlsfortuno. Ueotnh's fnt'i"1 ' , yoirj before , hnd bcon mortally wounded In bittlo. In his list mo menta ho had given the child , tb'on 3 years old , to bis brother Kg.ui , the now Pluto chief. It was thU battle that ended the ofd Pluto war. The whlto men , in they finally do Iu every struggle with tUo rod tuon , had conquered. The now chief tun gathered the straggling remnants of his trlbo. Ho addressed tuom with bitter calmness : "Tho whlto mon take my land ; they drlvo off my potiloa ; they kill my children I My brother take * the war-path. .Many suns the rod men nnd the whlto men light. Many soldiers , mniiy braves , die. The war ehluf mv brother , is slnln. The young men nro hurled by the creeks. Egati lights no more. White man says : "Peaeo : tuko u homo ut Malhuur. There Is goo.l land , good water , whlto man's food. Tno rod man nnd the whlto man oat bread together. ' Kgnu is done. " So , from the the borders of Nevada the poor , half clad Indians were mounted on their wornout ponies nnd marched olt to the "Mnibcur , " and the Indlaa reservation was begun. Ooetnh long remembered that ride. A lot of bundles wore put upon a mouse colored pony's bad ; and tied on. making him look line a young elephant with logs too small ; then the was perched nt ll > o lop and fas tened to the load by a strap drawn tightly across her lap. She was afraid , but her uncle laughed at her und gave her a little whip. She soon became mistress of the .situation , nnd when the pony stopped to cat she would swing her lush nround and hit him in some tender spot , wherever the bundles gave her a chance to s trice. At Mnlhour , whore I first saw Ooetah , she was living in her uncle's lodgo. It was ton ycar.s since tier ride on the mouse-colored pony , so that she was now 13 , She wns short and fat , and hud chubby cheeks. Her hair nnd eyes well , they wore Indian hnlr and eyes -hair straight , black and shiny , eyes dark , deep and shy. She were n pretty manta dress , wliieh fell below her brown moccasin , nnd n red blaniie : , which hud n way of creeping up to the top of her head on slight provocation , whlloono side was sliding nround over her mouth. She wns really the freshest aud prettiest Indian jrlrl I over saw. Her Jetty hair , braided behind , was as smooth ns satin In front , nnd her brown face , reddened by her shawl's reflection nnd warmed by nor young blood , was positively handsome. The" stern Egnn smiled upon her , and the young braves treated her with marked attention and respect. I found she could read a little , sew and cook. About three years after slie was married tea a young chief of the Nevada Piutos. Iliad seen him on my visit at Malhour ; u bright fellow who cut his hair short nnd dressed like n young whlto farmer. His "Boston" name was I.elgu. His sisterSarah was often with the Malheur Piutos , a girl of great in telligence and character ; she acted as inter prater and tnugbt the other girls many things. Leigh , too , could read and write a little. Oeetnhwcntto Nevada with Leigh , but she often made the long journey pony-bauk to visit her uncle at , Malhour. She was with Egan when another fiightful Indian war broke out. It began between some Shoshouoa and whlto men in Idaho , about u hundred miles east of Hoiso City. After thu first conflict the Shoshono. ; rushed on toward the west , robbing and kill ing whlto people all along , and always gath ering numbers from the Indian trlbas they pasbed , until finally they arrived at the Mal hour. That afternoon Eian was asleep in tils lodge. At the duor thoToo-at the old medi cine man wns bitting on a box chanting his wild prophecies to the woman who were seated on tlio ground. Some were tending their babies , some making "manta dresses , " other.-t doing head embroidery on dear skin coats nnd moccasins. Ocetali sat nearest the old medicine man , finishing u pair ol mocci- sins for her husband and listening intently to the weird clmnting of the old Indian : "Time nenrs. The Indians will rise from the dead , sweep all white men from thu land " "Lot the Too-nt say How many suns1' ! said Oentah. "Oh , the Too-at knows ; the Too-at will tell by and bv. " While the dreamer talked Ooetah was thinking. She dreaded war it meant mur der. She hoped her teacher inl ibt bo spared. She uidn't want him to die. Luiiru had always worked with whlto men , nnd they bad paid him wages. She could not soo'why her people wanted such white men killed. Suddenly n strange , persistent , far-off noise , like the continuous whooping of mon nnd women , interrupted their talk and work. It beomod to come from the direc tion of the Cnstlo mountain , which raised its lofty crest Above tnem toward tun north. Tnero came Into view a number of young men on horseback. Egan was evidently angry. As soon as the voung mon saw him Uitfy became silent , respectful , dismounted nnd' approached thu people now standing up In no little excitement. The babies cried , und the old Too-at was adding his shout to the din : "Oko Oku sun ! this Is the day ! " The loader of the young men spoke to Egan : "Egan , bo war chief 1 IJutTalo Horn is dead , whlto mon killed him. The Stioshones nro mad. Ttiu war-path Is lull. " Egan answered grimly : "I have fought the whlto man. It U no good. My word n given to him. The Shoshones will be des troyed. " Thus the bravo Etrau answered. But the old prophet cried shrilly. "Egan Is no cow ard ! Oku Oka sun I Egan will lead his people 1" Tuo young Shoshone spoke again : "Esau , coma to thu council at Stein mountain. The old chief of the Piutes will bo there , Leigh will bo there , and the young men , iho ICla- maths , the Cay uses , the Columbian nnd U'nila Wallas. Egnn , come to the council ! " The chief could not resist u call to n confer- on re , and ho promised to go. Oeetali , hearing that her husband and his father , thu old Pluto chief , were to bu at Stein mountain , asked to uccompiny her undo. Tnu exciloment in camp was jrrent. Egnn took thu wild Shoshones to the Indian agent of Malheur nnd asked rations for his guests. The ngent refused thu food. ThU was un fortunate , for it m ad o Egan suddenly und deeply angry , for hospitality is u sacred thing In Indian eyes. Quickly all was stir , confusion , clamor. Thu young Shojboncs were tolling their tales of successful murders nnd robboriui of the whlto men In arms , of the soldiers who must como from far separ ate post * ; the Too-at was wildly prophesy ing und urging ; nnd the angry Egan forbid ding nothing , the wlioli camp was on tbo swift move to catch and saddle the ponies , the women gathering up the stuff to p.ick on the animals. Ocetali had her own white pony , oho caught him by seizing his long dragging luriat ami in nn instant had him saddled and bridled ; throwing her rod blanknnt across the saddlonnd tying her small bundle fust behind it , slin sprung into place. The now quiet cavalcade pulled out of camp In good order. Egun made Ocatah rldo wltn the uomen following on , while ho und the men pressed forward In the direction of thu appointed meeting place. They found nsbcmblud already between two nnd three thousand Indian people. The old chluf of ihn Piutes , Leigh's father , flatly oppoiod the war , so did Leigh nnd his orothor. Egau hesitated. Ho hated whlto men. Hud not they killed his brother , his early comrades ( The now agent navor had bulled him and now find refused rations to hU guests ; yet Egau did not like to uruak n promise , Ooetah watched her friends anxiously. Her husband his father nnd brothers wcro for peace , the Too-at and tno younger I'lutos were for war ; and Ean , sullen nnd sllunt , she bravely ventured to hU sldo. "Esau , " she said gently , "Ictus go away from this place , wo want no part In war , none of our family. " Thu old Too-at cried out ns ho caught the sound and and substance of her pleading : "Has Egan bivomo n woman ! Esun leads his people ! Tno day uns come ! " While- this council was sitting In tbu top of Stein monntttin , a company of young Indians bad descended the stoops , to the house of u whlto man near the baso. Smith und his two sons , who lived iheru and pastured their horses ou the puuilo lands , know un Indian wur had begun , but had hoped their friendly relations with the 1'iuto.s would protect them , When , Just after darlr , these wild war riors came prowlini : about like wolvoi , they were filled with great alarm. Still , a til rat , the savagci ouly demanded food nnd plunder. A flro was rando in the doorynrd and the Indians gathered around it to smoke. Leigh , who had long boon n friend to the bmltliB , guessing their Intention , bad accom panied this raiding party. Now , making some nonslblo oxcaso , ho slipped away , entered the house , and managed , nooouy knows Just bow. to spirit off the three whlto men botoro his design wns suspected. Hn continued with the rescued men as n Biille , nuJ did not return at nil to tbo top of tuo mountain , When the troaclicry of so prominent a pCMOnngo became known , tbo camp of Indians , already wild for war , would stand no further opposition. Egan was over borne , and oven the chief of the Piutes hnd to keep bis modth shut. Ocotnh could only weep for Leigh In silence and nlono. Now Sarah , Leigh's sister who hud gained much respect nun Importance as nu inter preter , was passing rtt this llmo In u wagon from some plnco in Oregon toward her homo in Nevada. The citizens , full of alarm ami suspicion , solzed hop nr.d put her under nr- rest ns a spy. She entreated her captors to take her to the neatest soldier station. The day stio was arrested I wns nt llolso City. The colonel In command nt tbo front tele graphed the facts to ino there , and then asked permission to son a- Sarah to the Indians kr.own to bo nt Stftin Mountain. Sarah had confidently declared 'Unit her father , the old chief , her brothers nnd Earaii would not go to war , nnd that she could nnd would bring them nnd her pcopla straight to us. I "Lot nnd . " replied , her go try. So , Sarah , womnm us she wns , nnd for n long tlmo moro uccnstomod to civilized than to snvngo life , too it for companions two friendly Piutoj , our trusty guides , nnd setout out with them on horseback for n ride of over 100 miles through an uninhabitable , desolate lava country , to reach the famous Indian camp. In" three days she returned , bringing only Oeutnh and ono of the Piuto guides. At llrst she wept hysterically , sobbing that her heart was broken , and that ovorytuluj , everything , was lost 1 Later , refreshed by n mippor nnd A cup of coffee , she told her story to the officer in com mand : "You know , colonel , when I loft you three days ago well , I rode ou without testing ut nil till I came to the foot of the mountain. I kept the guides back und wont myself to the steep path. Then I saw ono of my people , n Piuto boy , ono I could trust. Ho answered my call and came to mo. 'Go tell mv father , nnd nobody else , that I am here and want to speak to him , ' 1 said. In about half an hour Oeetali mid another girl , messengers from my father , came. Wo bundled up my nicer things and I put on a blanket nud we went up tbo steepj together like any otner squaws. Nobody recognized mo except mem bers of my family nnd a few friends. A great feast und council was going o'l. I sat with the women and heard much. Egan was mud , yet ho didn't want war. The Shoihonos declared that If ho would not lead them they would keep him prisoner. My father and brothers spoke out lor ) )3ace. Leigh had already gone. Ho had run off with the Smith family , and the In dians were furious about that. The lives of all the pjaco-meu were threatened. I saw my father and told him tnoy would kill him. That pignt mv fathoi , brother and about sev enty of my people bllpped out and got down the mountain. "As soon as wo were clour of the foothills it was u race , for the Shosbonos had discovered the cscapo and gave pursuit as quickly as they could look up tneir ponies and find the trail. But wo beat. Father nnd my people ate ut the crook about ton miles below bore. His ponies could come no farther. " Such was the substance of Sarah's talo. She mourned for Egan and the residue of the Piutes swallowed up by the war party , as if they were already dead. The old chief with nis seventy followers , men , women nnd children , came nil right to our troops and kept ultoguthur out of the de structive war which followed. Wo took Oeotah and Sarah ns guides and interpreters during our marehoi through that vast and almost uninhabited territory where the shrewd warriors under Egan led us a long chase. For Egan suddenly pave up opposition und became the war chief Ho would scatter his paoplu like so many black birds through the mountain fastn'isses , the woods nnd thlolcots to waylay us. VVo hoard of them Juit after the Stein mountain council in the country to the south of Capo Harncy , flying nil together to head oft nnd defeat n portion of our cavalry. 1 had , ono day , to send a message to Hnr- noy , then about ono hundred miloj distant. 1 told Sarah that ono of my aides was going to Harnoy and that ho needed n guide. "Oh , " ' .said su'o , "Oeotah und mo will go ! " The nulo and n corporal with these two guide * sot out , They rusted but once on the whole hundroirnilla ride , then only for un hour , holding their horses by the lariats nil the while to lut them nibble ut the bunch grass. Having obtained the important news that n battle was nlreadygoing on boyo.id Harnov thu party turned back the next day nnd mot us on thu road , ns yet forty miles from the post. post.Ouotnh nnd Samu always hnd n small wojgo tent to themselves. They took care of their o\vn pomes , putting on thorn the saddles and bildici in tlio morning and un saddling and picicetlng them after the day's march. Sarah frequently helpou nt the cooking and Oeotan ut the table betting , nnd thu two added not a little to our comfort und style tit headquarters. At oni ) time , as wo were in hot pursuit , wo came upon u poor old woman , who had be come too worn to keep pace with her people. She hud hidden herself under an old , "decay ing lo ? , crowded her small body Into a hollow beneath one end. She kepi so eloiO ttiat it wns only by accident that her hiding place was discovered. She wns n moro skeleton and in a starving con dition. Though she knew that she could not live long , still she was greatly terrified at thu sight of white men , tearing we would lortuu or kill her. To bur as tonishment hho was taken up with caiv , lifted upon n horse nnd tied fast to the sad- el U ) . It was then led along gently to our encampment , Sarah and Ocetah took her to their tent , washed bar thoroughly , re placed her tailored garmenla by some tlmiL'H from their own scanty wardrobe and by what they could make up from blan- kutn ; they gave her ten and food. How happy she became I Her tongue wns un loosed nnd she opened to Sarah all her heart. Oootah bohavud towards her like u grand daughter. At.lau wo ourselves came to bittlo. Oootah had ridden on ahoid , heard the tiring , turned her horjo nnd flow back to mo , crying ex citedly : "Tnoy plght lu do mountain ! Uoy piuhl dare ! " When wo crime near the battle ground I noticed the difference between the two In dian girls. Sarah became much dlstruoed and talked In bljh tones. Ocotah was silent and very sad. After some llmo , later in the war , news was brought that n Umatllla , Umapliiu by name , had proved treacherous to thu PiuUM , for whom ho had boon fighting , and that bo had killed Egan. Tins was moro than poor Ooetah could near. Snu cried bitterly nnd long. Even Sarah , whoso heart was against thosp who wont tn war , felt a strong svm- palhv for Egnn. She said , bitterly , "Tho old Tooat deceived my people. Ho lives , but Egau , tbo uooil , the brave , Is slain. " Puaco came In the fall. Leigh mot again his beloved Ouotnh nt Camp Harucy where the prisoners were collected for n tlnu. Ha made with his people the loig winter march of 300 miles to the Yaklmu. I went out to meet them at ono of their camps eu ro utt > . Oeotah nnd Sarah were both there. It was u cold , snowy , muddy encampment , und the picture of tbu half-clad , shivering Delnga , trying , to warm thomsolvo * over ml i- ornblo smnkes miulo by the dn.np wood was n painful slzht. Hut I noticed ilia t Oeetali wns warmly clad. She had good moccasins , u flannel dross und u thick , red blanket. She smiled pleasantly as she sliooic my hand nnd said , "Oeeinh well and coed , " moaning "woll nud happy. " So she was. Lulgh loo'cod very proud , us Sarah introduced him to me , and no thanked mo und nl | who were with mo for our kindness to ibis wife and sister during the troubles. Van Houton's Cocoa Send for a can. Sco advts. _ _ A IJoii'tnr-kiil ) u Career. Tlio moat roraaS'lcublo olllulul curroIn the history of tlii ) United Status wis : tli.it of John QiiliH'y'Ailams. It oxtundud ever fort.v-uijjlit yours ami omtmuiod II ft eon ynirs : in tlio diploin itio t-urvleo us ininirt- lor to HusaU , Hi'ti.Tila und the Nothoi'- huuly , llvo your : ) fn gonutor , olc'ut yo.vi'n ua Huuratury of'stato , four yeurj in proil- dunt and slxtoon-as u roprojontutivo lu The great European oxpailthns have awarded the premium to Coon's Kxtra Dry Imperial Champagne for boquot , 207 South 15th Street. Between Farnam and Douglas , ' We Admittedly do the Largest and -i Best Tailoring Busi- P ? ness in the World. And it has not come to us by accident. We arc quite willing to tell you how. 1. We aimed at the outset to make garments that would please the wearer and thus multiply business. * * 2. We drew the line clear and sharp at small profits ; wa knew we could get along with a small profit and big business ; a small business we can't. Our present business is over a mil lion a year and growing every day. 3. We were soon able to buy woolens and trimmings from first hands , and today the best mills of America and Europe are glad to give us first choice and best prices. 4. We have always clone ( contrary to the rule ) a strictly cash tailoring business , thus saving to our customers the extra price necessarily charged by credit tailors , and at once gained to ourselves the approval and trade of all sensible men. Although without a peer in the clothes-making world , we are too shrewd not to do our best. We invite you today to examine our splendid assortment of over 2,000 fabrics and the best tailoring to order resources. , Suits loonier , from $20 to $ GO. , . , . , , , . , . , N - Overcoats to order , $18 to $60. hill Dress suits to order , $30 to $60 . Troiucrs to order , from $5 to $15. See our Scotch Cheviots for comfort , style , and service at home or abroad. Mull order department for non-rosiilonts. . . . All measures recorded nnd Icopt. NICOT T the TATT OR 1M JLV vJ' ' JL/JL , LULL1 /\.JLJIvV > 'JLV ' : 207 S. i5th St. , between Farnam and Douglas. Prof.W. C. Atwntor of Wesleyan univer sity think } tliei'o need bo no uneasiness about there being food enough for nil the people who may over be on earth. In nn arli- ele in the Century ho elves the result of nn interesting experiment recently made in his laboratory. Sea-sand was broucht from the shore of Long Island Sound. To divest it of every nosaible material which the plant might use for food except the sand itself , it vas carefully washed with water and then heated. Itas put Into i lass Jars , water was added and minute o.nantities of chemical sal\.s \ were dissolved in it. Dwarf peas , plat Id ! iu this sand , trrow to a height ) ! of eighth feet , while peas of the same Kind , planted by n skillful gardener in the rich boil of a garden close by , reached a height of only four feot. "When Gcoriro the Second was Kiiic" is an illustrated article in Casscll's magazine setting forth the nrinnors nnd customs of the days of hooped skirts nnd Unco breeches. \Vllliam T. Colomnn , the chairman ot the famous San Francisco vigilance committees of l 'il , IbSU and Ib77 , in an account of their won : which ho has written for the November Coptury refers to the recent lynching at Now Orleans , and tells what , ho thlnlc ? the pcoplo of California womtl have done under thosamo clivuiiHtanccs. They would have organized in full force , ho says , loruied u court , appointed a judge nnd selected n jury , called for evi dence , analysed it carefully , put on trial the people who had been discharged by the per jured Jury , given the luwu&od good counsel and tt.e benefit of every doubt , nnd linullv would havii executed with duo deliberation these whom they found guilty. Walter Blackburn llarlo , of whom the New Yon : Herald says "Americans nro in debted to him for much of what , thuy know about Canada , " will contribute an Impartial and exhaustive account of the "Journalists and Journalism of Canada" to the December Now England Magazine. Mr. Harto served a long apprenticeship in Canadian JournalIsm - Ism , and the article--which is to be linoly il lustrated , will bo thoroughly independent. Ono of the most interesting nrtlelos hi the November magazines is Frank B. Sanborn'a "Tno Homo nnd Haunts of Lowell , " in the Noxv England Mnga/.ino. Mr sar.born was for many yeara nn Inllmato Iriond of Emer son , Hawthorne , Thoreau nnd Lowell. A prominent , article In the October Issue of Business descrlooj tlio accounting inothod , of a successful wcttorn manufacturing llrni- maKing several lines of well known special ties , for which they hnvo customers in every state in the union , who have no bound books and vet their accounting is accurate and up to the highest standard of double entry. Tno article goes Into details , describes the .system , Illustrates thu forms , nnd shows the mechan ical appliances employed. , "Tho Anarchists- Picture of Civilization nt tliu Close of tbo Nineteenth Century , " is the title of a new Oorman work nn English translation of which will shortly bo published by lloiijomin Tucker ot iiouoii. Mr. Tucker is u pjr-tqmi ! friend of the author , John Henry Muekay. who stands in the front rank of the young : Gemma realists. Mneliay traces In thh book , under the veil of llctlon , his own mental development to his present position tha | ° f u philosophical nnd o olstlo annrch- . J t. The scene Is laid in London , nnd the riots of Trafalgar square , the misery of the E'ist ' End nnd the Chicago executions are graphically pictured in panoramic succession. Ait intjulry ivcolvod nt a NowVork books htoro recently read a follows : "I am trying .o Hnd a boo.c called 'Looking Back,1 bv Ed- w mi Bellamy. If you can glvo mo any Ill- formation nbout It vou will do mo n favor. I have some doubts whether there is uny such book. Please toll mo. " If such nn Inquiry had como from the heart of the TOIIIICKO mountains , U might not excite surprise. But ns n mutter of fact it came from a famous cantor of Now England Intelligence , nnd Is only another proof of how bereft of honor some prophets nro In their own country. Captain John O Bourne , who has written a book entitled "On tuo Border with Crook , " givet this InlcroUingvlowof the great Indian lighter : I have nlreaiiy remarked that dur ing this practice inireh all the members of our command learncu Cionoral Crook , but of fur greater cnnscqucnco thun that was the fact that lie learned bis ollicers nnd man. Ho was the moil untiring nnd Inde- futlgablo mm I over mot , nnd , whether cliniulngup or down the runvoi | face of some rocky canon , facing sun or r.iln , never ap peared to lie in tli i slightest do rou ills- trotted or nnnojed. No nutter what hap- puno 1 in tlio camp , or on 111 J maich , ho Knew It ; hq was always nw.i'to ' md on hli foil iho moment the cook uf the packtrain was urousril to prepare the inoimn ; meal , which was fiv < | uontly as early ni U o'clock , and re- m.ilnuJ on his foci during the remainder of th Jay. I um unable to explain exactly how he did it , but I can n < < sure my ru.idoni that ( . -rjint inurned , while nn that mnrcii. the nama of ovvry plant , animal , and mineral p.nsed near the trail , ns well as tbo usfs > o which tno nutlves put them , ench nud nil. likewise the luibits of the birds , ronMlis , nnd auluijU , and tbo course and gouitfal char acter of all the streams , little or big. Th Indians evinced an nwo for him from the llrst moment of their meeting ; tnoy did not seem to understand how it was that n white man could so quickly absorb all that they hud to teach. Thomas A. Edison will-bo nn interesting llguro ns long as ho lives , nnd in Drake's .Magazine for November his homo suid homo life nro described and illustrated. "Tho Division Lino" is n western story by Thomas P. Montfort. Franlc C. Drake , editor of the magnzino , contributes n story of newspaper life. "Dinner with Wino for Two. " J'ho enormous demand for the Review of Hovlows which exhausted an extra largo large edition of the Octol'or number within ten days of puulicnt on , and especially the large sale of the rallroJid edition , has led to an "improvement which will doubtless bo welcomed by all its readers' . The proportion of largo type has boon greatly increased , and the November number llnds ttie medium and small sizes of typo relegated to tbo twenty or thirty last pages of the magazine. Lleiitonnnt Schwatka tells iu St. Nicholas for November of "A Uasti with Dogs for Lifo or Death , " a record breaking sledge Journey in the Arctic regions to rescue a lo t sailor. Miss Amelia B. Edwards says that tlio se cret of success In the writing of Ilction Is to bo summed up in n single word sincerity. The feature of tbo November Century which is likely to nttrnct the most nttentinti is ptobably the now novel , "The Nuulnhkn , " by Hudynrd Kipling nml Wolcott Bnlostler , the latter n well known American nou living in London. This Is Mr. Kipling's ' llrst ex perience in collaboration , nnd the story U not only International in authowliip but lu plot. It opens on the bridge of nn it ligation ditch in a western state , nnd ut the close of tin ) llrst Installment there Is already an indi cation of n change of the scene to India. The motive of the story Is the quest of nn Ameri can , Nicholas Tarvln , i"ora cjlobratod necklace - lace of jewels which hangs round the neck of nn Idol , in the province of HHjputunn , nnd which ho hns promised to bring bacic to Mrs. Murtio , nt Tunar , Colo. , in order to obtain her intluenco in becalf of the town ho is booming. It is announced that Mr. Howclls1 now novel will not go to the Harpers , ns has b > on the custom with nil tlmt tho-novelist has written for yours past , but that it lias been bought by thu Ladies' Homo Journal , of Philadel phia , nnd It will bo published In that period ical. The story is ono distinctively for girls , nnd will portray the Ufa of n western girl In Now York city. Dr. Blrnoy cures out.irrh. Bco bldg. MOORE'S TREE OF LIFE Decatur , 111 . Nov 21.'K9. Dr. J. H. Moore , Dour bir. I have for years pnst beou troubled \\itli bil- lIoiiMiOhHiind tondoiic.v to kidney trouble Your True of Lifo If. tlio only remedy I huvo over foiirid that ynvo untiro rullof I chuotfully rocoitimond It to thrmo who muy bo bitlforinj ; from kind rod dim-asus. T. . ) . A ma. Kx-Meinbo.- . Lc islutura Jlooro'i Trojof l lf > . i P'HUJ ' eara n. > ' ( lli > | anJI.trjr t'oiiplil H nni all 0 ouldlmo. . l j i i parlo nIi : < r w'ii > - \ ruu am artl or 4im J Mouri I YraoC U ( > . Ilia IriK Mft Kauilrr A UKMn.NKMICUOIIK KU.I.KItli KIIID'M I1KKM iilAIi : ) | A'1'iiHUurot nil ill < u oi uucMiiii ) Ukllli tbu mli-robo or norm. I'm ur > nrU rut illoil In I. . II un-fiiliei the litter K > allun i. Hicitiuif li r < i pr ' ( Uilun r < vliiu | ( prli'o or H o I ) Wul iu n Kuiraiitu li turu Tlio unblla tr.iu nnl Job tiori tuplldl tir tin Kluilur lnu C'oinpaiiir llnmliiii A MtMi'lo , Iljwaril Myon aal I : I * Ki < rkorl'uoulli ( Jugiha , A I ) , luilgr , unj iJ.J Kllli Coauncll Uluilm PHYSICIANS , SURGEONS and SPECIALISTS , 1409 DOUGLAS ST. , OMAHA , NEBRASKA. Onica honra from n n. m. to 8 p. m. Sunday from IU a. m. to 1 p. m HpecinliMs IB Chronic , Nervous , Skin and Blood Pisciiouj ESyConsnltntlon nt office or by mnll freo. MediclncH nont by mail or oiprvns , Hocurol/ packoil , free from observation , ( lunrnutceu to euro quickly , safely nnd permanently. Tlio most wiilnly and favorably known epocia ! . leta in the United Hlatea. Tbotr long experience , romnrkablo skill nnd universal SIICCWH In the trcntmeut and euro of NcrvniiB , Chronic nnd Bnr- Klcnl DiBonnoB. entitle thiwo eminent pliyHlcians to the full conficlouce of the allllctod everywhere. They KUaranteo : A CERTAIN AND POSITIVE CURE for the awful olU'CtH of early vice nnd tlio uumormis ovlU Unit follow in iu train. PRIVATE , BLOOD AND BKIN DISEASES gpoodily , completely nnd pormnnontly enrol. NERVOUS DEBILITY AND 8EX7AL DIS ORDERS yield readily to their skillful treat ment. PILES , FISTULA AND RECTAL /.CERB Kimrnntci'd cured without pain or dotentioa from business. HYDROCELE AND VARICOCELE pormn. nontly and successfully cured in every case. BYIMI1M8 , OONOItltlKKA , ( JIjKIr , Hporms- torrhiL'a , Hem i nnl Weakness , Lost Manhood , Night KinlBsione. Diicnjwl Faculties , l < Vimalo Weakness and nil dolicnto dieordorH peculiar to either BOX positively cured , ax well aa nil func tional diBordem tlmt nwult from joutbful follicn or the oicoea of mature ycarit. Q-friotlirn Ounrnntoed permanently cnrod , Oil IUIUI I * removal complete , without cut- tlnn , canntio or ililntation , Cure effected at homo by patient without n raomoiitu puln or nunonnco. TO YOUNG AND MIDDLE-AGED MEN A Orti < n PIIHO The awful elfccln of cnrljr OUl C UUI B Vjc ( , which brlnKB owmlo weaknenB , ileRtroylnK both mini ] and body , with all iu drciulod ilfii , pcrmnuently cured. FlrQ RpftQ Address thona who liavo Itnpnr * Ul O. UcllO ni | themi < elvou by Improper In- ilnlKonco nnd Bolltury liabltH. which ruin both mind nnd body , uuuttint ! thorn for buulnoea , ntudy or marringo. MAIIIUE1) MEN , or thoen onterlnR on tlmt liappy life , nworo of plijulcal debility , ijulckljr llBHUtml , tiy B'iid G conta postOKo for celebrated work * nn 1'hronic , Norvoiift nnd Uellcuto DlwiaKcii. ThouKnnd.t cured. tWA friendly letter or call may ruvo yon fntnro Bulferinu and Blintne , anil add Kolden yonm to lifo. ttX Nn letter anawerod nnlexH nccoinpnnled by 4 coutu In dtarnpu. Addrcoa , cr call on DBS. BETTS & BETTS , 1409 Douglas St. , OMAHA , - - NEBRASKA. < . 'iin < ' > 'liof < t , Ult't't anil ' cured In J diiVH by tlio i'mirli Itomudy ouUt. luil the KINli 11 dissolves nu'alnst mid It ub * torhod Into tbu Inllumo'l parti. Will refund nmnoy l ( It iloui not euro , nr i'uin < * ! i hit Icturo , ( liintlonii'ii , horn Is n rnllnlilo iirtlclo. fl a puoUiiH " . or - for T ) pur mall propuld. McCor- nilvlc & l.nnd , Omulia. FREE HEMEDY. 'Unb 4 rrtlwrrd. l' rU > aUrH. ( ur l ur ilf il lleMr. laillgUill ) iru < l lha [ Cill * Ikcil-'D HI Klo ii > tulfrrrr. lilt > iflulil- < l 11 lllii.'Cmr Acl'lltll W.Si , . JAUU1S.MU . . . " tllibl CiiKluMtl.U from E the ( < . > 4ctrt of yimlliful error * ' nrly demysaMlnif wt'ft'infiw , lost umnliiMl. HO. , I will ml [ i\nliliililo trtutno ( Mntnll ciiiituliilnit full luutk'iilura FIT hnnin run1 , I'llllli "f Hiargv. A riii'ii'llil | mvilical wink klioiiiil i'/i rt'aij by evvry n i who U iiirxvx mil ili'hlliutoil. . i ; i' . t , i'o\vtiu.nooijiii : > 1couu.i Ih&roft poiiitUo romw/ ) for IboahorerfivoaBai DID tuouuuili at ISM * ol t'xi wuriHuml itftaduitf have been curvU. Iu Jood 11 klrona In iny fallti lu IU efllcacy , tint I will mnil TWO uorrLra rnr r.wllli VAl.UAIII.m'UKATISn cm tnli dUotiloan/lilt , fcrernuowllltcm ] raetbelr l.'iirenanil i'.U , * < ] < lreai , r. A. Ulacuu , HI. U. . l l 1'carl HI. , N , V. .