10 THE OMAHA DAILY BEE , HA'l UHDAY. JUNE fi , 189 i-Ttt ELVIS PAGES ,
TIN IN THE BLACK HILLS ,
Qrcat Work of tlio Mlnera and Their Oar-
tainty of Success ,
ORE ASSAYING 126 POUNDS TO THE TON ,
tlttVolof the MoKlnlcy Hill Upon the
Tin Indu.Htry anil tlic Competi
tion ol * tin ; mines of
Cornwall.
Thorn U tin In South Dakota. Till * -Unto-
motit 11 supported by tlio Judgment of ex
ports b.Hcd on rmayjof ere thnlshowod won
derful Helmet. The ilovolojiinont of the tin
Industry lu the United SUtos U alow hut no
IMS sure. Tlio tuboct ] H iittractlng unlvor-
Sal attention. No other city has n greater In
terest In it commercially tliiin Omaha. Mr.
Wlllltim H. Alexander , collector of cnstonu ,
In this city , has ijlvcii tlio sulijeet a KrcatUe.il
of attention , fully npiiroelattn ? Us Importance
In all respects. In tno following pnporwiilch
ho has boon Induced to contribute to TUB
Hun , ho considers briolly the tariff lawi af
fecting the tin Industry , and ttion glvm some
startling fact * about the vast deposits of tin
ere In the Hluck Hills. Hero -.vhat ho says :
r.
The time Is near ntb.ina . July 1 when
the additional duty of 1 2-10 cents per pound ,
us provided in the MelClnley bill , will bo as
sessed upon Imported tinned plates.
When the present tariff schedule was being
considered iti ciinrress , and especially during
the one month of Its operation , prior to the
last full election , antl-unft Journals , writers
and speakers In all parts of the country were
moved for "tho "
with compassion people ,
particularly for these of us whom they were
pleased to denominate the working class , and
piophoslocJ all manner of evil as a direct re
sult of the McKinley bill. Avoiding the fact
that the now schedule contomplntodand pro
vided for moro bcnollt to the people in the
two Itciniireo sugar and reciprocity than
would bo required to offset the additional
duties imposed upon all other commodities
Importedthey singled out certain paragraphs
which nppp.irt'il.on the surlarc.to bo most bur
densome , and threw the weight of argument
upon thorn.
Perhaps no ono item in the bill was moro
vigorously attained than that part of para
graph 1 III , which Increased the duty cm tin
and tcrno plates.
In the excitement of the campaign , when
most people took the statements of tholr ro-
spectlvo party Informants for granted , the
anti-protectionists created considerable * cap
ital out of the erroneous charge that tlio In
crease In duties on tin plato was nil
Outrage A if ilnst the IVoplo
that would rob consumer * or & 5X)0,000 ( ) In
one yo.ir. Now however , when every Intel
ligent person can reason it out at leisure ,
the great bug-boar disappears
It is found that an average family will buy
from twenty to forty iiouuds of tinware in a
your , and that the additional duty of ono and
two-tenth cents per pound , would only In
crease the annual expenditure from 2 , " > to 50
cents , provided the consumer were asked to
pav It , which in most cases ho is not.
Upon fruit cans and other articles which
enter ( ( tiito largely Into domestic use. the
advance In cost varies from ' $ of 1 cent to'J. !
cents , each , and in ninety cases out or every
hundred , nnsnoolTcct whatever upon the re
tailor's prico.tho difference in cost being berne
by the manufacturers and dealers. It Is
plain , therefore , that consumers , and by this
term I mean those who finally
bring the articles Into use , are
not likely to experience any no-
tlcoablo burden by reason of the Increase
of duties. Indeed , I saw a large-sized cupola
dinner pail In an Omaha stora window this
morning marked " 20 cents , " a lower price
than 1 remember over to have seen quoted
bqfore. And , I may add in this connection ,
that nearly all the additional duty contem
plated bv Urn McKinley bill on tinplntcs has
already been applied , because English platu
manufacturers , llnding the demand Increas
ing as July approaches , raised the pries
almost 81.00 per box above the figures quoted
last year. H has l > oou said by men who are
now willing to admit
That Timviiro Consumers
nro not likely to bo seriously affected by the
now tariff , that It will certainly bo felt enrooting
rooting tin , because plates are used in that
form In greater single quantities by individ
uals , and yot.n moment's ' thought will reveal
the fact that this difference in cost would bo
but a , mall matter when compared with
fluctuations in other building material not
affected by tarlft at all. Drii-kb , for instance ,
may be olTorod today for $10 nor thousand
and because of over-supply or slackness in
bullduiL' , nifty uo quoted ats , or oven $ li bo-
fora the season closes. On the other hand
briekmnkcrs may plnco their stock upon the
market now at $7 per thousand and later
OH , by reason ol an unexpectedly strong
demand , itmnv be possible to raise the mice
to ? 9 or oven $10 jwr thousand. Such in
stances are frequently mot with , and nro
taken as legitimate fluctuations. liut when
congress , for the purpose of
KiiuonraKliiK American Industries ,
and the development of uative resources , en
acts legislation which may advance temporarily
arily the price of an aitlelo , it is taken up bv
anti-protectionists and made the basis for un
limited attacks upon the ono policy of all
others in the history of our government that
has brought American genius anil American
products to the front.
It has been almost universal , moreover , as
nn experience , that whnn prices wore raised
somewhat by Increased tariff , the stimulus
thus given to our own industries has ulti
mately brought thorn down again below any
previous quotations. A wlso people should
bo content to boar a tornporarv inconvenience
which Is certain to
Bring u Perm meat Ilcncllt.
Ono unfortunate circumstance usually at
tends an advance In tariff , no matter how
slight , which helps tnmaku itseom a burden ,
and that Is the pro'.enoss of dealers nnd
umnulaoiiirers touso the tariff as an cxcuso
for maiking up goods , and very much higher ,
too , than is JuaUIUblo. Isot long ago , while
standing in an out nf town sloro , I heard
a merchant say to a customer that the great
ly Increased price which ho was endeavoring
to secure for a quantity of goods was owing
to the advance in tni111 under the MoKlnloy
bill , nnd at the same time ho expressed the
hope that Mr. McKlnluv might bo given a
very warm room In the horoafter. The solo
was made , and the customer
Almoliitnly Iti'iitt'ii Out
of RW , for the rule of tariff on the articles
bold was not disturbed by the McKinley
revision ,
U Is not my purpose , however , to dis
cuss the operation , or olTcct , of the present
tariff schedule , but to bring to light such in
formation as has como to inu concerning the
Ineoiittoii , partial development and present
condition of the tin Industry In thu United
States.
Unpatriotic and un-Amorlcnuas It must ap
pear to be , It Is nevertheless a fact , that snv-
oral of our prominent journals whoso patronage -
ago and success can only bo secure in thu
midst of Industrial activity , arc prompt to
gather and magnify every ndvorso Item that
is obtainable to the mnnufncturo of tin plates
lu this country , niidoftontlnmsroports who o
trutli bus not been substantiated are given
wldo circulation , whim absolute faots which
go to show the existence of mliu In operation
uro reluctantly pri.itod or laid aside. 1 can
understand , nfter so many pnlphoclos con
cerning the operation of the McKluloy bill
have
Moon Provuit I < \IH | ,
how anxious the prophets who make them
must bo as the tlmo draws nenr when tholr
pot forecast Is to bo tried , lest It , too , bo
found wanting ; nnd I cannot blanm the
prophets for endeavoring to maintain , In an
upright position , this Important pillar in
thotr t met uro of calamities , which U
already as far out of plumb as the tower
of I'lsn , Hut It would bo moro manly aim
much u o o lu harmony with the spirit of our
people , to rujolco In an uvldenco .of progress
mid help it alone : , though it shatter a bobby
nnd
1'rovo H Propheoy FnUu.
Thcra Ik's before mo , at this moment , ou
editorial article from the Cleveland 1'laln-
dealer , based upon an adverse report of the
Omaha board of trudo committee , coiimmont-
Ing ou the tin mines of Dakota , and as a sort
of clincher to lib own Htatoiuonts , the writer
Introduced this exoorpt from a no less promi
nent Journal | u Philadelphia ;
To protect this ( airy tin lu Dakota , thu duty
of ( sou ton was Imposed by the MoKlnloy tar-
, llf ou i jn-'Xii ' t iu
Any metropolitan newspaper can afford to
bo candid in Ita discussion of questions upon
which Its renders expect reliable Information ,
The paragraph nuotoi chould only ho con
strued to mean that , when ttio McKinley bill
went Into effect , thaduty on tin was fixed ut
I cents par pound for all tlmo. unless amend
ed. Yet such a conclusion would bo far from
correct. The exact terms of the now tariff
schedule , so far as It relates to tin , are those :
t'arn 'rapli T.ll Tin on1 , i-assllcrlt is or hloi-k
oxide of tin , and tin In tnrs. bloc I , i. phis or
grain or itr.-inulatuil. until .Inly 1. li'.IL free.
Hnrvrrnph IV ) . Tin-On and after .Inly I.
JR'H ' , lliero shall IIP Imposed and p-ilrt , upon
CfinMicrlto or black oxide of ( In. ami upon bar ,
bliMM nnd nig tin , a duly of I cents pur
pound ; provided , that unless it. shall appear
to the s it.M f irtton of the , president
nf thu Culled StutiH ( who shall
make knimit the fact by iiruolnmntlom
that thu product of Hie mlni'-t of thu I nlli'd
Stall's shall Imvo r-ti-i-eilnd live tlitU nml tons
of rnssllli'i-lto and bur block an I pU tin In
any ono yi-ar prlorto July I. IH'H , then till ( "in-
iHorlto , bar , liloi-U and pf tln.sli.ill after July
I. ITi.lnj admitted free of duly
This changes thu condition nntoriallv. Ior
nn.irly throe yonri tin Is to bo admitted free.
Then , for two years , a dutv equivalent to 20
per cent nil valorem U to bo Imposed in order
to
the Mining of
upon our own territory. Should It not bo
found in reasonably largo quantities , by the
end of that period , all duties will ho removed.
When wo consider the tremendous growth
of our chlot American Industrie * under the
protection of a heavy tariff , and then turn to
the story of attempts to make tin plato manu
facture a success , without protection , it must
bo a dycd-ln-tho wool free trader who would
complain at the temporary dutv of I cents per
pour.d on tt.i ; or two and ono-llfth cunts pjr
pound ou tinned and ternu plates.
The Now York Evening Post profossoi to
bo convinced that no ere Is available in the
United State * , nnd it is utterly unable to dis
cover the evidences of progress In plato
manufacture which , to Ion blinded parties ,
are clearly In view. It was wc'l ' understood
that the industry could not bo developed in
tills country , unless a htghor tariff than has
heretofore boon levied on plates could bo
placed bntwenn these who should
Attempt Tholr .Htmil'irtitrc.
here , nnd the foreign cornorutlons which
have arbitrarily controlled both supply and
price , since tin and articles made from tin ,
were first introduced in American markets.
In IMil a tariff of 'Jj cents per pound was
placed , or Intended to bo placed upon tin
plates in order to protect the Infant Industry.
The socrolarv of the treasury's ruling ,
however , fixed the rnto lit i" ! per cout ad va
lorem , owing to some uncertainty In the
wording of the p iragraph , nnd the little start
that hud then been made toward tinplate
plato manufacture. was reluctantly
abandoned. Years rpllod by and the English
manufacturer , becoming emboldened by the
complete prostration of the industry hero ,
gradually raised thu urlco until it had
reached the unwarranted and oppressive
llguro of Jl'J per box. Encouraged by this
tremendous advance , some American mill
owners set their works In motion and had
begun to hope that something tangible would
cumoof It , when lot at the end of three
years , or in 1870 , the
I-'orelfjn I'rluo Was Ucilnccil
from a romunoratlvo basis to Sl.oO per box ,
iiitd during that year the last American man-
ufactui or shut down his mill. Congressman
llurrows of Michigan , in a speech delivered
in congress in 18 ! > 0 , made tlio further state
ment that in 18" ! ) , under the stimulus of a
510 price , to which the foreigner had then
advanced his plates , several mills were
started again in the United States , but were
shortlv afterward forced to suspend opera
tions bosauso London quotations were le-
ducod to 1 per box. It is scarcely necessary
to follow the earlier struggles of our
homo prooducers to establish an in
dustry in this country , which , were the
crushing force of the English monopoly
stayed , would bo easy to plant and of rapid
growth.
It is believed , ay mon who have given the
inattor careful attention , that
Tin , In r iniitlusH Quantities ,
can be mined In the United States. It has
been stated and I hoped to have corrobora
tive testimony from the collector of customs
lu that district In tlmo for use In this letter-
that tin Is prosout In uaylng quantities in San
Bernardino county , California , and that uilu-
ing operations nro now in progress. Later
ou it will bo possible for mo to conllrm or
discredit the reports. Many bellevo that ; the
richest deposits uro to bo found in the Black-
Hills district , and I am able to furnish some
reliable data concerning that region.
It has bson pretty dellnitaly determined
that ttio available ere lies within an area of
live or six hundred square miles , boginuing
In the vicinity of Custcr and extending
northward beyond IIlll Oity , with an average -
ago width of llfteon or sixteen miles. There
is scarcolv an aero of surfaoo within
those limits that docs not bear tlio stakes of a
claim. The ono contra ! force and liguro.hoiv-
ever , Is the Harnoy Peak tin mining com
pany. This great corporation Is in posses
sion of claims almost without mitnbor , nnd
has made the only effort at development
worthy of notice. U is now believed that
the earlier work performed and the heavy
outlay of money by this conipiny was prac
tically thrown away. The plan of operations
was to tunnel Into the hills , under the im
pression that veins or lode * could bo moro
easily discovered and with loss expanse than
to work from the top with shafts. At all
events the old line of procedure has boon
abandoned , and the work now iu progress is
concentrated upon
Flvis I'romisiiijj CliUms.
Two things have ooen demonstrated
beyond question : 1. That richer ere or tin
rock has been found near the surface in the
hills than has ever been discovered before
cither in American or foreign mines.
2. That tin obtained from these rocks Is liner
in quality than the best that is mined In
Wales. Indnod , Mr. Cnrnow , a Corn
wall assayor. stated to mo , that from present
Indications it would provo to bo too line
unless mixed with a coarser quality. Having
Hottlod twoof the three moroimportant points
In * ho problotn , ono yet remans to bo deter
mined , and that is tno uxtoni of deposits. It
is repeatedly asked , "Why , If there is tin In
those mountains iu abundance , has it not
boon mined nnd smelted and brought Into
usoi" A good many who sei-k an answer to
this quontlon nra honest about It , and
Hi-ally Ooslro Inl'orinittlon.
There nro others , however , nnd It Is'strongly
hlntod that thov nro acting In the interest o'f
foreign inanufnutuiurs whoso motives may
DO questioned.
A Now York paper oontnlns , or did con
tain recently , a proposition to pay $10,000 for
the tirst thousand pounds of tin from the
Hlai-k Hill mines ; but If the parties nro us
well posted as they profess to bo , they clearly
understand that tip to this tlmo the
wont ilono there has been of n pro
limtnary diameter , and that until al
essential points shall have boon satisfactorily
determined , the largo outlay of money which ,
the establishment of concentrators and other
pormnnont improvements would necessitate ,
will not bo made. It Is safe to say , more
over , that when certain plans now maturing
nro onrrled out , the $10,000 proposition will
disappear.
H may bo stated hero , that tin mining Is of
slow development. There Is u cortnln
amount of alluvial deposit , nnd probably
considerable surf.ieo ere In tlio Black : Hills ,
but there , us In Wales , the chief supplv is
likely to coma from the tremendous rock up
heavals. The Harnoy Peak company has
( .pout a great many thousands of dollars in
'I ho I'nruhiiht ) ol' CluiniH ,
and in efforts to learn certainly , Just what
can bo expected of the mliios.
The Nevada No. S , Dolonglng to this com
pany. Is a mountain of granlto , u veritable
"ovuilastlng hill. " A promising vein iu the
midst of , and a ledge to one side , are the
present evidences of value. The gruulto Itself
is bO feut across at the top , and down through
this monstrous upheaval , at the rate of perhaps -
haps ono foot n day. the drillers are going In
order to learn whether or u t the loaos uro
continuous nnd rich enough to pay. It Is
hoped and Indications uro exceedingly favorable -
able that the ledges and veins will ultimately
como together unit that the deeper the shaft
is junk the greater the deposit will bo. I
broUo off a samplu fiom ono of the largo
pieces taken out of the Nevada shaft nud
took 'mV ' ° the O'11 ' * molting works for as-
say. it eiH'titicato from Mr. Barroii , tholr
principal assaycr , says " 0(4 ( per cout tin , " or
1JI5 Pounds to the Ton.
This Is a very gratifying rosult. Tlu can bo
mined and smotted profitably If the reck contains -
tains forty Bounds to the to'i. fho princi
pal mluo at bt. Agnos. according to nil article
upon tin In au English cvclopodlo , does not
product ) moro than tlghly-four pounds of
pxldo to the ton , and much of the output has
loss thRit twenty pounds. It will bo readily
soon , tncrofotv , that If the assay quoted from
Mr. Uurroti 1s any criterion of the Nevada
mine , it Is unusually rich ,
Another of the rive claims upon which the
Hurnoy compauy is DOW at work , U
called the "Cowboy. ' Oivtiif to lack of
time , I did not visit this mine , out In a long
convolution with a gentleman now living lu
St. Louis , but who tun snout thJ last four
month ) lu carefully oxamlmng every promi
nent fuaturo of the Black HUN dintrict , ! WM
glvon to understand that this particular
mine Is one of
Thu Id host In Snrl'auo In lloutloim
that has yet boon discovered. At the
Harnoy peak company's oflluo , I saw a
samplo.from the cowboy , which is said to
bo the second lareo.it slnplo concentrate , or
chunk of oxldtt that any inlno has produced.
It weighs. I should say ; from lioftlng it ,
thirty pounds , may bo more , and Is about
soventy-llvo per cent pure tin.
In company with the superintendent I vis-
Had the third In the series , designated on the
maps as the "Addlu" mlno The shaft Is
down already nbout three hundred feet into
solid granite , nnd crmsos a iodu of ere rook
which is apparently gutting better and but
ter , as the mining proceeds. It is the
company's intention to continue the
shaft downward at least sovou hundred feet
farther , nail this will require , oven with
three shifts of workui'ii , nearly n year and u
half. It must bo understood that ortly ono
sot of drills can bo conveniently worked at
u tlmo , and that the rniu.lni ; of laterals along
the con r jo of the vein Is almost equally todl-
ous. The vein now being worked
In ( hit Aildlt ! Mine
Is nearly eight feotthroush. I wout to the
bottom "of the shaft nnd could understand
without being told that time Is an essential
factor In the development of tin mines. The
absence of coke In the hills will probably
nrovent the establishment of smelters up
there , but It Is the Intention of the Harnoy
Peak company to erect works for separating
the concentrates from the rock , ono having
u capacity of 'i" > 0 tons per day being now
under consideration. If the average percent
age Of oxldo weru sixty pounds to the ton , it.
would require u capacity of " . "lOtons for every
working day in the year , to pro
duce tin enough , after smelting , to moot
the requirements of paragraph iO'J In the
McKinley bill. Very much of the talk about
tin In Dakota has boon furnished by men
whose claims nro small , and who i\ro powor-
les to make any practical use of their possess-
nlons. As already hlntod , it will probably
take the Hurnoy Peak mining compiny two
years more , even If the happiest roults are
obtained from the operations now in progress
to got thu output upon n firm enough basU to
warrant very extensive concentrating estab
lishments , nnd it is only when some power
ful orgnni/.utlon with moans at hand to push
It. gets the mining under headway , so that
these minor claims can bo absorbed and util
ized that very much can bo done with them.
I am firmly convinced that there is
An Aliiiiiclanuo ol * Till
In the Black Hills , and that before long It
will become moro evident to the people gon-
orally. Not many miles from Hill City , on
the edge of tho" tin district , the Ctlcndalo
Mining company ocgau operations , and with
the oxcoptlon of ono picco of machinery
which will soon bo supplied , it has
a small concentrator ready for work. A
gentleman is now east with a view of leasing
the plant , nnd lu a recent letter written tome
mo from Chicago , soina things are touched
upon which it may bo my pleasure to present
moro lorcibly liyo nnd byo. One thing in
particular , in connection with the tin ques
tion , has impressed mo very forcibly. If the
mines iu the Hills provo to bo remunerative ,
aud everything Indicates it now ,
Oiimlui is tin * Natural Rawc
of operations for the working up of their
product. The smelting must bo douo where
coke nnd other necessary facilities can bo
cheaply nnd easily secured. Two great lines
of railways ruu directly from this city to the
mining district. Holllng mills for the manu
facture of steel and iron plates could bo suc
cessfully worked here if stops could bo taken
to utilize the material within reach.
At HaitBville , Wyoming , thirteen miles
east of Wondover , on the Union Pacilic
branch running north from Cheyenne , are
iron deposits without limit. The
hope that coke to bo used In
smelting could bo gotten near
by , at Newcastle , has faded awav , atid the
natural center for the treating of the mas ? of
ore , Is Omaha. I am aware that , to bring
about the possibilities which I have suggest
ed , a very largo capital would bo required ,
and several years'timo ; hut money can al
ways bo concentrated where there is oppor
tunity for romunoratlvo investment. If
Omaha is to bo a great city her people must
Grapple With Great 1'roblomi
and seek groit avenues for development.
There are gentloidon already engaged In
Omaha's most highly prized industries who
uro capable of working out those problems ,
not at oncu , out in course of time , and It is to
bo hoped that sooner or later it may bo ac
complished.
Work has boon in progress upon the Corn
wall mines for ointuries. Some of the shafts
are down nearly M.OOO foot from the surface ,
and levels or cross galleries run under the
sea for nearly a mllo. It Is said that the
mines belonging to the Consolidated group ,
four lu number , have levels and crosscuts
aggregating sixty miles , and in some places
the lodes are scarcely rich enough to pay for
taking out ; but these loan spots are counter
balanced by others of high percentage , mak
ing au average of paying oro.
With all these elaborate and long worked
mining facilities the total production of tin
in Walej last year was
Jjcss tti'iu tO.OOl ) Tons.
Careful roadiug of the history nnd develop
ment of the Cornwall mines will lead ono to
bo patient with the men who are taking the
chances of finding the piylng volns in our
own country , nnd it is hardly fair for these
nf us who have nothing at stike to condemner
or misrepresent the accomplishments of the
capitalists who havo.
While Journals with free tralo sentiments
and mon who might learn differently if they
would make an effort to do so , are declaring
that there is no tin in the Black Hills , such
reports as these now quoted nro bolnvj made
by exports , the first being from Prof. Clay-
pool , Btichtol college , Ohio :
I have lately returned frmn Cornwall , and
Krhlln there visited the largo tin mines , which
business was largely connected with my trip
abroid ; nnd now , after a thorough 'exami
nation , I will B.IV that the future oC the lliauk
Hills looks very eneiiur.tKln . Theiols plenty
of tin there and of good duality All that Is
needed Is plenty of capital to produce IU
After ton days' special investigation At-
torney-C'ioneral Kohler writes
Krom what I know nf the English mines ,
Oioar llrltaln his no tin deposits comparable
wllli those In the lilauk Hills. In rluhue-ss and
extent. * The Hariioy 1'oak .Mining
company , baukt'd bv M , OWU ) capital. Is de
veloping the llluelc Hills mines on u ma nlfl-
sunt scale.
A gentleman whoso nauio I am not at liber
ty to glvo , but whoio report Is Hkoly to take
a startlingly tangible form , bo f ere long , said
this to mo only a week or two ago ,
I have boon In the mining regions of Wyom
ing anil boiitn uakoia. moro or less , for tlio
lust thirty years and liutu carefully Investi
gated every mining scmiinu and ere discovery
that has uoiau to lliht. ; duiuii ; that time. I'or
myawii satisfaction I went to the lilauk Hills
four months iitfo , and have eoveicd every
elalm In the whole tin district , I'nr sixteen
\\eelts It has been my occupation to learn all I
could about the tin deposits , the extent , of
territory In which It abounds , and the opera
tions now Koln , ; on In thu way of developing
It. and I am satlslled Unit llieru U an unlim
ited quantity of thu finest tin o\er mined In
this ruglon. It will taku time and lots of cap
ital to got thu mining of It well under way ,
but It Is sure to como.
Since I began this article , a marked copy
of tno American Iran and Steel association's
official Journal has boon received from lion ,
James M. Swank , general manager of the as
sociation. I quote from It as follows :
n Mr.W. U Orononioyor.olialrinan of thu United
Status Iron and Tin 1'lato coinuiny ( limited )
under thu ihito of April -0 , Ib'JI. received the
following letter from the manager of thu San
.Iiielnlo tin mlnux Han lluinardlno county ,
Ual. "Wo are pro Uiolng tin mutul , but only
In u limited way , with a llvoslump mill , oupa-
nlu of working about 150 tons of ere pur
month , which produces from twelve and llf-
it-oil tuns of metal , Our laruo mill , bavins a
cap.u-iiy of 'MO tons nor day. will not bo fin-
Inliud before July I , Thu letter uxpresges
thu hope that similar liopefnl Inlolllgenuu
nmv be received , lluio , then , are two loa'ill- '
tlo4. In which thu Hunt tmcournglngovldonuos
of tin ere 1110 prosunt.
It is to bo hoped that our manufacturers
will yet bo furnished with sufilcluut native
metal to coat all thu plates they may mak n ,
so that In every essential wo shall ho In de
pendent of other lands , but It Is not u vital
element In tlio development of the industry.
In my next paper 1 shall endeavor to jne-
sent , from reliable data , what has already
tK > ou accomplished by American manufac
turers iu this direction.
A
If you are troubled with rheumatism
or a lame back , allow us to suggest
that you try the following simple
remedy t Take a picco of Uuunol
the she of the two bands , saturate It with
Chamberlain's Pain Balm and bind U on over
thu seat of palu. It will produce a pleasant
warmth uud rollovo you of all pain. Many
severe cases have been cured In this way.
Tne | Paln-Balin cau b obtal ued from all
THE MODERN C4RRIER DOVE.
Annihilating Tinu in Transmitting the
Gauntry's ' Ccrrojponcloncs.
THE METHODS OF THE FAST MAIL ,
The Ntimlx'ioCIIniiiUThroiiKli \Vliluli
a Letter Must PUSH I-Yoiu
Uninlin to Now
' * York.
'i I
There oroubo'utfjono ' hundred and eighty-
five United Sta Jotter uoxos In the city of
Omatiii. Ono of > these is hung away out iu
Omaha Heights1 ; 1 ft snrvos a neighborhood
of several squaremiles. . People from noyond
the city limits tfVi'jjlslt In It thofr letters for
abroad. There i > o ) few missives found in It
daily , because noUwithstandlng the extant of
country It Is suptKHud to accommodate there
are comparatively few families there
resident , and I hcso all of thorn do not
hold voluminous t correspondence with the
outer world. Novgrthuloas , that lonely box
Is visited daily bytho nnrdy mall carrier' of
that district. Sometimes. ho Unds half a
dozen missives , s nutlmos nono. Wednesday
ho found onu.swcct-scmitod , Howor-bre.iUiIng
envelope. of octagon shape , which looked as
if It had been made to order. It was ad
dressed in a very regular femlnlno bund and
bore the usual two-cant stamp and the largo
blue stamp which provides for special dollv-
ory.
ory.Letter
Letter carriers may bo sentimental when
they don for the llrst tlmo the llvory of the of
fice. lint the sontimenlulism dies out after
the novelty of the Ufo has worn away. A man
who handles hundreds of lovlnir epistles
daily speculates no moro as to their contents
than the satisfied farmer does regarding the
seed within his apples. Ho thinks moro
about the miles he has to trnvol , the sun
from which ho must bo protected , the coal
with which ho must make his flrosldo glow
in the winter and whether or not Mr.Vanu -
maker Intends to raise his wagcs.
The letter currier did not tuko tlmo to ox-
ntniuo the quaintly-housed letter. Ho buriud
it in his soiled bag , .jumped In his sulky and
sped to town as if pursued as was Tain
O'Shnnter.
This is what is known ns the afternoon col
lection. IJut the streets were heavy. The
carrier's ' horse couldn't travel nnd the poor
fellow himself hud to do the enormous work
of his beast. Ho did it too , though ho looked
like a clay man , albeit ho was u little behind
time. When ho reached the paved streets ,
however , the animal sped as if upon the
homestretch. Mud Hew from the wheels of
the vehicle as if In nn endeavor to make its
flight the moro rapid. Tbo animals seemed
Impressed with the fact that ho was in the
employ of Uncle Sam. The letter carrier was
anxious to deserve the good will of Mr.
Waaaumkor. With such coucert of action ,
lost time was retrieved. The Uorso reached
the postofllco about 2'M : o'clock , and there
stood panting while the carrier , breathless ,
dashed Into the main room and emptied his
bag upon thu largest table.
Ha was the llrst of Uncle Ssm's men to
handle those letters. Ho had done his work.
Ho retired to the carriers' department , Uiero
to get bis mail for the evening run ever the
same route.
Another omuloyo ( No. 2) ) picks up the letters -
tors in ono's and three's and fives , twists
them this way and that , seemingly without
looking at them In a few minutes the in-
discrimlnato jumble has boon metamorphosed
into long lines or envelopes , standing on edge ,
with the stamped corners following in succes
sion like the governing numeral on the upper
right hand corner of a bank bill.
Then No. : t takes hold. Ho is the cancel-
lor. In his right hand is the cancelling
stamp. The loft hand skilfully draws the
letters ono by one , toward him. As each
stamp appears , down upon It drops the inked
iron and ttio stamp has been destroyed.
The destruction continual moro rapidly than
full the loaves iu a&tura'n.
Then the letters go to the ' 'stater" No. 4.
Ho takes a pack In ono 'hand and from it
tosses into pigeon ! holes in front one after
another of the epistles. His rapidity is mar
vellous. The boxes represent sometimes a
state , sometime * a largo city. Sometimes
they represent a section of country the mail
of which Is mado'up in the railway postal
car by the clerltH Ws the train passes through
It. The octagoilul letter catches his oyo. Ho
glances at It for a'momont and then shoots
it into an opdnlng already throe-quarters
full. The box Is labolledNow York city. In
a few minutes It becomes full.
Out comes nil the letters nnd In an instant
they nro pressed' nnd tied. Pack after pack
is twined and the clerk attaches the facing-
slip of brown inanllla naper which contains
the lattur's name and the destination of the
mall.
Then comes ( No. 5) ) an expert juq-plcr with
packages , who buries them in strong pouches
and locks the openings. Ho hustles them to
the rear entrance , where the messenger ( No.
( i ) who controls the heavy , highly-colored
mail van soios them with lingers of stool and
projects them into the interior darkness "of
the vehicle.
It Is now Il-lft p. m. and the messenger has
thirty minutes lu whico to roach the depot.
The noises .set out at a gallop. At the depot ,
they thunder down the Incline. The pouches
are dragged from thn cavorn. The transfer
cleric ( No. T ) yanks them upon his truck and ,
staggering under the loud , wheels thorn to the
dummy yclept the "Irish mail. " This is
bound for the Uluffs. The engine is ready to
shoot out at a second's notice.
Into the car go the sombre ponchos , where
the company's higgagomnn ( No. 8) ) mounts
guard ever thorn. The door is closed.
It Is now 1:15 : o'clock p. m. Precisely at I : ! )3 )
tlio Irish mall , out nf breath stops nt the
depot in Council lliuffs.
Onto the truck of another depot transfer
man ( No. U ) uro thrown the mall bags. Ho ,
too , stagirors ns ho pushes the load to the
lust mail train , tha win to cars of which stand
upon the Hurllngton track , while the engine
puffs Impatiently to bo out upon the road.
Onuo more , tlio sacks disappear , tlio rail
way poitul clerk ( No. 10) ) pulling them Inns
if so many human beings upon the track of a
runaway locomotive.
The door is closed. It IsI ifio p. m. That
speeding train ihmics of iiothinir , If It thinks
at ail , save of the precious load It bears and
its duty almost to annihilate tlmo.
The octagonal letter Is In the Now York
City pack tied up in the Now York stnto
pouch. The latter lies undisturbed In n cor-
nei. The letters within it , so to
speak , are nsleap. So Is the llttlo
maiden way out in Omaha Heights.
Kho dreams of the father in Now York City
to whom she tins addressed the note , and
speculates as to what he will say when ho
learns through It that his clerk Kd has pro
posed to liar and that she wants papa's con
sent to the murrlngo ; and further , what ho
will say when ho sees the special dullvuiy
stump and reads the request for an answer
by telegraph all of which denotes that Kd
stands very high nt least in the estimation
of the young woman.
In her simplicity , she rises in the morning
at Just 7 o'clock nud hopes that "that letter
may got away sometime today. " Hut she
does not know that three minutes before .sho
awoke , or rather at (1:57 ( : o'clock a. in. , tliat
same llttlo octagonal letter had reached the
great Burlington depot in Chicago , fourteen
hours and seven minutes after it hud boon
trained In Omaha I
Krom the train the Now York pouch is
again taken by a messenger i No. 11) ) and
hidden In deep wagons , which lumber ever
the naval streets to the Lake Shore and
Michigan Southern depot , half a inilo awav.
lloro another depot transfer cleric
( No. IU ) loads a truck and rushes with
It to the train. The Now York pouch
U now only 1,000 miles away from Us destina
tion and is being ttowed away bv a railway
mall clerk ( No , 13) ) to bo attended to later.
Tbo last run has beou entered upon and tha
train /airly lUqs past towus , villages aud dis
trict cities of metropolitan Importance , Klk-
hart , Toledo , Cleveland , Erie , Rochester ,
Syracuse nnd Albany.
All the largo cltlos having boon passed , the
llttlo octagonal letter bus now thousands of
companions Thwo the Industrious subordin
ated of Mr. Wquiynakor uro separating into
district package , Sorao of thorn are pitched
Into a plgtOU'halQ ! for this sub-station , an.
other for that. Thousands of thorn are to uo
to the main postonlco , whllo those with
special delivery stamps nro honored with a
box of tholr owu. into this comnnrtuumt goes
the llttlo octagonal letter , Just a * wolto
and dainty as If It had never bton the mud.
splashed bag of the hard-worked suburban
carrier way out lu Omaha.
In a brief apace of time U passes through
the three clerk * fNos I ! ) to 15) ) sent out froit
Now YorK to rollovo the regular mun on the
train , jof \ \ thnso hard-working , Intolllgcn
mon men who work In the face of danger
from which they somotlmei cannot escape
dlschnreo their duties with wonderful rapid
Ity and accuracy. So much so that when the
train comes to a stand In tt.n depot In thu
great city of crime nud wretchedness the ;
have donned tnolr outer garments and eager
ly ttihnla the frothnesA of the open air. It Is
Is now 10ir : > a. ui , o'clock , or forty-two hours
later than when the letter loft Omaha.
The little loiter now passes Into the hands
of another messenger , ( No IU ) > vho with
his wagon Is waiting for It , Ho
dumps the pouch on the postofllco plntforn
and nn employe ( No 17) ) dumps the contents
on the table. Another omployo ( No. 18) ) cuts
the binding cords ; another , ( No. Ill ) the
strntghtanor , nrranvos them to bo marked
with the receiving stamp. They are than
stamped by this clerk ( No" 20) ) and are car
ried by an attendant ( No ' ! ! ) to the dlstrllm
tor ( No. ' - . ' ) who apportions them among the
carrion.
The llttlo octagonal , however , boars the
special delivery stitran and goes Immedlntoly
to n clerk ( No. U.I ) who liu ;
special charge of letters so markod.
The letter Is entered end given
to n messenger ( No. 'J4) ) , who , In ton minutes
after ho received it , delivers It into the bairns
ol "Mr. Henry Adams , Astor house , New
York , " the Journey being made forty hours
nnd ten minutes.
Now , Mr. Henrv Adams Is n practical man.
Ho recognized his daughter's handwriting : .
Ho cannot understand the , urgency which
suggests the special delivery. He opens the
letter and reads :
OMAHA , Nub. . Mnv 19. My I > ear Papa : Kd
hag proposed and I have accepted him. Won't
you olo.isu give us your consent ? Ilnsuld you
told him you were going to taku him Into part
nership. Mamma Is haupy. I'lexse telugratih
I'l.AllA.
The father telegraphs , nnd in loss than an
hour tlio telegram is delivered , forty-ono
hours after Clara had written her Icttof , and
about forty hours earlier than she expected
an answer'
It was lover's ' night in that residence thai
night and both the young folks blessed the
mall service , the hardy men engaged In it
and the great man who is at the head of It.
Both the method and results when
Syrup of Figs is taken ; it is pleasant
and refreshing to tlio taste , and acts
gently yet promptly ou the Kidneys ,
Liver aud Bowels , cleanses the sys
tem effectually , dispels colds , head
aches and fevers aud cures habitual
constipation. Syrup of Figs is the
only remedy of its kind ever pro
duced , pleasing to the taste and ac
ceptable to tlio stomach , prompt in
its action nnd truly heiicficial in ite
effects , prepared only from the most
healthy and agreeable substances , its
many excellent qualities commend it
to all and have made it the most
popular remedy known.
Syrup of Figs is for sale in 50c
and 81 bottles by all leading drug
gists. Any reliable druggist who
may not have it on hand will pro
cure it promptly for any one who
wishes to try it. Do not accept any
substitute.
CALIFORNIA FIG SYRUP CO.
SAN FHANCISCO , CAL.
'JW1SVILLE. KY. NEW YORK. N.Y
'id ' R R H Q Sft A Written Guarantee to
'Hiu H\ CURE EVERY CASE or
j u u III LB ( $ MONEY REFUNDED.
O.ir euro li ] K iiiuiiioMt ami not a patching up. Cmr *
atcd live ytai * ago haie never SITU asymptLin
no. nyileairtblniriasu fully wo call ticut you b/
Mil , nml wo give thu tuinu utront ; truiranti-o to cuie
ripfumi nil money , 'Ihofo who picfei tocoino hcio
rtii..itiiu > llt fjncloho anil wo will | uy rallio ul faiu
til wai s anil hotel bills whllo hero If MO full to cuio.
v o t-halleiiKo the worM for u case lhat our MAO1O
MI.UY will not euro. Wrltu for full putlriilariaml
11 IhoovMiMico.o know that you am uLuptlcol ,
utly BO , too , ni the most eminent phj Iclaiu IIIMI
i \ < tr I'ltMiablotoRlve uioie than timporaly lillif
' . . It
it our fl\oj pars'I'lai'llioMlth the MimCUI.MI.HV
uilfo to euro 01 it fnnil every ilollnr , uiul ntt wo nan
i-piiUtloii to iiroli it , nlm > financial IniMiiirof Si 6 ,
' 30 , it Hporfeclly mfolo all ho will UT tlio treat
ii-nt. Iloretoforuyou hive Loon piltllnir up nml paying
allln u"li
jutourniom-yforilliri'rrnttioatiiM'nWand >
jouaioiiotyeteuicilniionolias pilil liickyiiurin i
y. lionotvrantoanyinoiuinoiipyuntllyoiitiyiK. o d
lironle , dwpHiiitwli'awHeiiiiilliiao to 90 d ya. In-
fi llirat8oiir financial ntumllntr , our icptil.itlim a.
Iiuslnu43iiicn. Willoiu for immii anil a'lilnnm of
thu o o liavB cuuil who have uU en poiniUflon ti > re
fer to them. It cosH you only poatuKU to dothUlt
will Hivn you n woi III of Buffering from mental ulrnln
ami If > ou ui o mai rliil what may i our offspring suffer
H > i If our smtoms ai o
ilU-oiitlnuolt. Constant mo of Ihesoilings wii ! im Ir
hrhirf BOIPS amlo illinf nlicmln thoeml. Don't full to
wrllo. Allruiiv | i utli < iiLii Milt MaliU In plainimvi 1
nins. WotntltothHinoitrlirlil lnrni.tlKatluiiaiia lll
lo nil In mir ponir to old you ill It. AIIII | | > I
TOOK JtKMii > r CO. , Onidlui , tt'rhraikn.
Ottlra 13th anil railinm. heconit Moor , cntraino 131h i
Practice Limited to- *
MEAL-
Anil Kcrvons Disease * of the
Reproductive Organs ,
int iiinl I.oit
Patients sui'ii'infully ( rcilm ) bv inmi p ° ' "l'
tuau. Wrltu [ or iiuntlon ll t. Oillcn. L irm-r Kith
ami Kiirimm btnoU , tuvcr U. r Tickv Olllui )
Uniuha > , fwh.
FOIl MEN
ONLY.
C 600 for u on HO of Lost or F tiling ManhooJ ,
Oeneriil or Norvouu Debility , woaUnosH of
lioilv or niliitl , tlio olteoltt of oirurscr rxcnns
In old or j Diin lluil mi ( 'iiniint cum. Wotjuii-
ranteuevorj UUMJOI refundovory < lollur. I'Ur
ilii ) t > trial treatment $1 , full eoiir e $3. IVr-
coiitlblo Imiiellls rimll/ml in tlirt-e days , lly
iiutll. M'euruly nui'liitil , fmin nlihiiryutlcin.
COOK UKMKl CO , OMAHA. NKH.
LADIES ONLY
MARIP FEMALE REOULATOn , nifoiui'l
IllnUlU Corluln ion day JT im > ne > irfiimli-.l
lly mull } „ ' . t-'u mulysi alnil fiuni < iisi < rvutli'ii
CUOIC RKMKDYUO. Uiuiihn Null
unen lutimUhrii tlmiiivnllil ,
GOOD DIGESTION ,
regular bowel * nud mild itonli. 1'rltr , 20c >
LYOtM &
CtUlotfM of B nJ IftiUiBMtiU.
L Blfuno4 < 1 Ljaif-nHBlfc < M
trUclo riulr4 biHoJi ef Dram
ttru , tachJbf RtMki AUt-
lUU , Triiit * itt * lfa
CavUlM liitlrucUoM rr
* w llJ. kavrLM * J * * X
* - - - - - -
; iJn m MiV * TfMH *
WE HAVE
Stayed at the head of the procession ; we
have given good goods to the people for
the same price for which others gave them
shoddy. We have
that by many comparisons , and we feel
satisfied that die public has had it proven
to them
We have a little surprise in store for you
today. It is in our children's department.
In the rush and heat of our many efforts
we somewhat neglected the little and big
boys. Now then , for one week , we will
give a straight 20 per cent discount in
the entire department , including waists ,
single pants and boys' and children's
suits.
making a cent by this tremendous offer >
you can readily see for yourself. It is
simply a question with us of reducing an
overstocked department. There will be
no danger of our being
as our prices , as they stand on our goods ,
even without the discount , are the low
mentioned in the city. We have con
cluded to continue our
sale a few days longer. It has proven tl
greatest card for our business and it is
verbal advertising that is telling. It
lias been the verdict of the people. Stick
to the bridge that has carried you safely
over and we will give you the benefit of
our many years' experience , and we will
Dromise to do unto you as we wish to be
done by. Always a dollar's worth of goods
for a dollar.
Corner 13th andFarnam Streets