. JLtJLJLJ JLOW 1 VI ln > I JT.AAjt.lJjO.
OMAHA NEVER SAW ANYTHING LIKE IT BEFORE
SAL.R-
D r
0 0 0 0 " <
Our store has been crowded ever since we opened , and we have given out thousands and thousands of dollar's worth of fine dress goods , silks , linens , notions , in fact
goods from every , department in the store , but there is
T J 1 \ ATV YRT ;
' Of course there will not be so many patterns to chose from tomorrow as there was yesterday , but our assortment is so large that you will be easily
pleased. We quote no prices , We have no time. The goods that smelt the smoke , the most are nearly all sold now and the
/TV nnnn
H H
e
As have prevailed for the last two days. Store opens at 8 a. m.
i t
A BLOW AT MASONIC POPEDOH ,
An Opinion from an Eminent English Ma-
Bonic Jurist ,
THE GRAND SIRE OF ODDFELLOWS.
A KitlliiK Celebration ol * tlio Anniver
sary of the Order in America
Grand Sire Underwood
Ills Presence
The following interesting letter has been
received by Mr. Alexander Atkinson from
that eminent English Masonlo authority , Mr.
John Yarker of Manchester , who is recog
nized a.s a lending light in Masonry in Kng-
Innd and who Is a past grand senior warden
Of the grand lodge :
\\ITIIIM.TON , M VNCIIKSTEIt , April 3 , 1FOO.
Alcvinili t Atkinson , Omaha , Neb. , U.S. A. :
Yon mil to mo four questions upon Masonry
whMi I will answer In shoit by Haying that
the ii't inn of yonrgrand ledge nnd Us grand
master is unpnsed lo nil the Inw.s of lawful
ci.ift Mnsunry as ttansmlttcd to us through
the centuiles. and that I ron.sldei It to he the
duty of IM > IJ honest man to piolect the
nneleiit labile of the eiaft by every lawful
moans with tongue and pon. Justice and Ma
sonic platitudes , as I hn\o Icnincd by long ex
perience , pass for nothing and weigh nothing
with ninety-nine Mnsous out of c\erv hun
dred the ) do not study to fulfill their obliga
tions I will , theiefoie , adopt iiilllVuienleoiiise
In cunsldciing the matter with > on , mid to
that end will len\ out of thequcstlon alto
gether Ihii i lies foielgn to our ancient craft ,
nnd show what genuine Masonry Is as It has
been transmitted to us for above t\\otlioiii-aiul
years ,
\Vhnt then was thn nnelont eraftf Did It
over iiiedirUi with matters beyond ftv Welmvo
In Kngland two pieclimsMSN The older Is the
eonstltntlon of i\ielld : , sanctioned by Athcjs-
ton , transmitted In ihyme. and committed to
writing about the year CKO. It hasicceiitly
boon named thu Iteglus My. The other Is a
collection of Mil Ions charges from ancient
Masons and chronicles and closing
with the same Kuulld charge , which
It equally nsscits was sanctioned
by King Athclsion. It was committed i to
writing not later than 1450 , and Is called the
Oooko MSH , The account la pineLlcally the
ijainq In both M * > . Our traditions ll\ upon
Ldwln , Mug of Northniubrlu , In ( i'M as the
eaillest known Masimlioigaii/crandallmuki ! >
AthoUtoii the great hiw-Ki\cr of Hie eial't
guild \oil , w.i * especially Itojhmn , and as
Kuclld was nn Aii-hon ot the mjslerli s , a
I'lntonlst. and muster of a school of geomcul-
elnns , It Is iiioliablo that the as.cjlt.oii of thuso
MSS that Kin-lid ic.organl/ed the ancient
l.sypto-tireck. craft U founded upon fact.
The account states that li.i\lng taken for
Instruction the fico-born chlldicn of tlio
land bin cerlyntlmo they weie not nil llvko
ubull for lo take of Hie forsuyd art , whercfoio
that tlio forsaydeMalslerl'ugletorduynet tliel
were passing of couyngo should bupussing
hononieil. And did to call tho'convngo Mals-
ster to Infoim the Ipsso of conyngo Malsteis of
the wlch wore called Ministers of nohlllle ot
wytttMind eonvngoof that art. Nexertheless
they commaiidlil that thai that wcro Icsse of
vrltiosehohi not ho culled beruanto norsogotto
but Teluns for noblllte of their gontyllo
blode. "
Wo llnd It tln-ii'fore , stated that Kneld ) eon-
Btltuted thuqiialllled or accepted Masons Into
two classes , as In the -lesser" and greater
myntcrles" the masters and fellows ; and that
thure may bo no mistake about It , there Is a
class of laws called "aitlch.V for the masters ,
mid a class called "points" for the fellows.
The upjireiitlro was not called to the assem
bly , though hU duties aiodcllned. and It he
was wurn at thUvailv iieilixl isls most prnh-
nble. It wan In prlMiti ) lodges. The IIwt
KiiglHhussCmbllcs , congicgattonsor chaptcrM
( for Hit y were known by nil thc < > names ) 1110
nllc-ged loha\e been upon the ordination of
I itclld , and had the Hwcnrlng of fellows and
thu passing of mastcts. It Is clear also that
thn iiMscmhly ( or priunl lodge as It Is now
uullcdi wes duully constituted , for the follow-
InR U wlint nplienrs iiion | the subject In the
Umiko Ms , nnd equally in the Kiunifci " ( . 'on-
irrcgaciins 'Imlile bo mndu by iiialstersof alt
MaUter Masons and rtmns fa the aforesaid
rt. And iw > at mich eongn-gaeonn tlioy that
bo inucle Mulstero n-liilde b examined of the
nrtlcnlsuflerwiltlcn undboransal.yd whether
thol | H ) nbiill nnd kunnyiigo lo thn jirofyto of
the. Inrdyi * thrm lotiortt/ and to the honour of
thn nfori'-infil art. "
Hut the | Hlnts" ) of thn ornflHinon ninlna
ifnnil < nil to Hiem ulo , the luw being similar
In lxtlt M. ri. I will quote It from the { toglm ' : : '
ftftlj point-Thertu Hio tuuibll y-holdu
bv.
Tlior sclml bo inaystreys and
felons also
Ami other grot loides many mo.
15th point A good trew Oiitli lie must the.r
swero
To his miiystor nnil Ills fclows
that hen them.
Tlicro Is a final article for "now men that
never were sworebefoio"pieSUIIUlbly ( appren
tices ) .
Now. thpee two hooks embrace all tlio Known
laws of Ma onrv , hut there Ii not one single
word topi-ohlhlt the Mason fiom joining any
other association or guild. Yet there. Is ovl-
fluncotlint they did associate themselves freely
with the Hermetic soclotlesof thoneilod , for
w road In tlio "Ordlnall of AIcheiny , com
piled by TlioiiuiM Notion , "In tills your of
rhrlsl 1477 , " ns follows :
Hut wonder It Is that wcovers dealo with such
works ,
Freemasons and tunneis with poorol"lssh
Olnrkes.
Stayners and gtasleis will not tlinreof cense.
And vet seoiy tinkers will put them In preese.
The Masonic assemblies fell Into dlsiepute ,
laws weii ) passed against them and their
legality llnally ahollshed In 1517. Masonry
took it-fuse In Ninall Independent town colo-
rlesof which wo have many on reeoid. Ander
son found an old tiadltlon that an assembly
was held in York , about the year 1. > IV ) , and an
aimed foreo was sent to dlsperso II. hut
friends weio madoof Its leaders and the. as
sembly was allowed to eontlnno its delibera
tions. It seems a genuine tradition , for from
this tlmo n new form of constitution comes
Into n-o and Is found In the possession of nil
the private town lodges , and eaeh asserts ( for
the ilr > l time ) that Kdwln or Athelstou held
hh assembly at York. It Is eleiir that a re
arrangement hud become neccssaiy for the
form of proceedings Ismodllled : the Ili-sl seiles
of charges Is for Masons In general , the set
end to masters nnd fellows , and the docu
ments aio addressed to the " ( Jood ICieihien
and I'Vllows. "
In or about irA'lan allPinpt was made to re
vive thu authoilty of the ancient giand as
sembly. It was enacted that for the future
the whole crnft should bo under one grand
master. Thooblectot these now regulations
( which are aiided to a copy of the charges
preserved amongst the Ilnrlelnn MSS. In the
Itiltlbh mn.M'um ) was to logtilale. the abuses
Into which the ciaft had fallen for want of a
idling center , and to get back some of Us
operallM ) coutiol. It is probable that these
"now regulations" were a York arrangement
for they add a copy of a new chnrgo to which
appicnllccs were to bo sworn , and this charge
Is found In use chlelly. If ii < tt entirely , In
Yorkshire , Duilmm and Noithuuiberland.
It would seem that the private
lodges had usurped the functions
of the assembly , yet there Is
quite Kulllclent lo show that these bodies pre-
serM'd thiee classes of seeielsfor apjilentice ,
fellow and master , as now neither moio nor
less.
less.Yet
Yet still In all these centuries no Masnnlopopo
arose , either to anathematise oinslile socle-
ties or pmhlhlhlt Masons liberty of conscience.
On the contrary llnd they null continued to
join the heimetle and mystlo societies , The
I'lecmnsons Murray and Ashmnto were Hosl-
ciucliins , and the "Wise Man's Crown. " IGOI.
has the follow Ing passage : "The late vears of
tliannv udmltted stocking weaveis , shoemak
ers , mlllci-s. unisons , caipcntcrs , bilcklavers ,
gnnsnilihs. Imltcib. etc. , to wilto and teach ns-
trology. "
The next pellod of Mn nnry wus the revival
of a inlbu eenter III London , III 1717. It was
practically the old assembly , for Its lli.st laws
enacted that HII-V only had the power of mak
ing masters anil fellowH. It did not theie. nor
has It otcr since , assnnicd the Nebraska ! ! Ma
sonic piipi-dom. jet they were not Ignorant of
other claimants , fr ) Hubert.Dumber , in I.1 , ad
dressed them In the Koslctnclau language , al
luding to higher degtees. AH Ills the parent
of all Masonry In the wet Id II Is the oulv body
that 1ms the light I ode II no what craft Mason
ry Is. Its laws and ceieinoiilet > from 1717 on-
wiuds have enacted that pnro craft Masonry
conslstsof three degicesand that It Is not In tlio
power of any man or body of men lo nniko In
novations therein. Nor has It ever passed
lawstoailMincuor ptohlhlt anything onisldo
of Its own legitimate thico degrcsj. Itno\er
The reliability of this account of S.OOO
JJ'arst policy can bo ascertained by ovoiy one.
If the grand lodge of Nebuiska lias depitrted
from It then It has cuased to be a genuine
grand lodge of the craft nnd It would become
thu ( Inly of genuine Masons to establish
against It. and In ipltoof It. u genuine iiaiul
lodge. If the gi.ind muster has become a Ma
sonic nojw he should be met by a MasnuUi
l.ulher , able toe\pon Ids pietentloiH. That
Is u legitimate enurso. Ninie , after p.ij Ing
their money , will become expelled , and V dis
honestly deprived of their moneys worth and
I ho privileges for which they paid hard cash ,
hut what matters U ? IVw people care to as
sociate tt 1th liars , perjurers um | rvsuvi , eon
If a llttlu money li foi felted.
Very uii-Masonlu language , yon willsnv. It
In not addressed totho o who admit of bolus
culled Masons. Heal Masons can only bu men
of honor to whom u promise is biictx'd. 1'ru-
ternally yours ,
JOHN VAIIKKU , F , s. Bo. etc. .
P. M. , P. S. Q. AV. , itiiil liouorary member of
nororal grand lotlges.
Oilifellows' ! Anniversary.
The seventy-first anniversary of the Insti
tution of OddfoUowshin in tlio United States
was celebrated in u very lilting manner by
the loilies ot OiiiaUu , Council HliifTs anil
South Omaha on Thursday anil Fiiday of the
l > iist wcelc.
In accordance with n pi-carrantrcrt in'o-
Brainmo , Grauil Sire ami Generalissimo.Toliu
C. Underwood arrived in Council Binds on
Tluifbilay inomiiif ; nnd was met at the depot
by the cantons of the P.itrti'.rchs Militant and
escorted to tlio Ogilcn house.
At 11 o'cloclctho line was formed and the
paiiido sttirtod. The line of inarch led
through the prliii'Iiml streets of tlio city
which were lined with thousands of specta
tors. Tlio line was headed by a platoon of
police followed by the P. M. band of Omaha
and four cantons of tlio Patriarchs Militant ;
then caino the carriages containing the hon
ored finest mid the t iiind ohlcers of the Mates
of Nebraska and Iowa , tlio KIMIU ! olllcers of
tlio HebcUah degree and a number of veteran
Odfollow.s. Following these came a lou line
of Oddfellows' lodges from all parts of lowu
nnd Nebraska. There were about niuo hun
dred men in lino.
After passing through soveuil of tlio streets
the pMiul sire nnd tlio Krand ofllceisvero es
corted to the stand in the square anil ro viewed
tlio line.
In the afternoon a reception was tendered
the ( jrand sire in the opera liousn at Council
Bluils. Dcjuity ( iiiiiul Master Uiederman of
Council Uluffs onicintcd as master of cere
monies. Deputy tirand Master John Kvmisof
Omalia welcomed thoir.iiid ( sire to this west
ern country in a most eloquent nddress. Mr.
Evans , who is noted for being a oed speaker ,
surpassed himsi'l fen this 01'casion and eclipsed
all previous efforts in this direction.
General Underwood responded in an nd
dress which was listened to with breathless
interest , It was replete with ( roodsound doctrine -
trine based on Oddlcllowship , nnd was enliv
ened by ll.ishos of wit which kept the immeiibo
audience in the vcrv be.st humor.
Several oilier addresses were made which
were well received.
At 8 p.m. the graml sire hold a i-cceplioii in
the parlors of the Masonic temple , mid at tt
o'cloclra BKin-l promenade concert mid ball
wore given in ; ho Masonic itall.
Friday morning ( icuoml Underwood was
driven to this side of thu river and was shown
over tills city and South Omaha.
In the afternoon u reception was tendered
him at the Oddfellows' hall , oil Fourteenth
and Dodge streets , Tlio hull had been hand
somely decorated with ( lowers ami plants and
floral emblems. A largo number of the
IJ.uiBhters of Kobeltali and Oddfellows had
assembled to greet the supreme officer of the
order , all of them being in tlio regalia of tlio
lodge room.
1) . G. M. John Kvmis of this city ofllclatcd
and introduced Grand Sire Underwood , who
addressed the assembly at some length , giv
ing tlio Daughters of Uebelmh some 'bound
aiU Ice with reference to the coming conven
tion of tlio KelcUalisat ToK'kn. | Ilolmnrosscd
upon them the fact Unit the UebeUah degree
is subordinate to the Oddfellows , and warned
them agaiiiHt asking too much of tlio sovereign
eign grand lodge. It was better , ho suld , to
go slow about the matter of organising a pcr-
manent convention of the UelieUalis mid not
try to bring this about all at once , as it would
only result in a complete failure. It was a
common idea with women Unit because they
could rule and wheedle their husbands they
could do the same with others , but that policy
would be suli'ldal if attempted on the sovereign
eign grand Indgn. The delegates to the con
vention at Topelta should be fully instructed
ns to what was to be done as the result of
their meeting would bo acted on by the high
er body , and great care should be taken to
have tlio matter in such shape that
it would lw acted on favorably.
The grand ! ro concluded his ad
dress bv paying tlio ladles a
number of compliments and ho also expressed
tlio greatest pleasure at l > eiig ! in this city.
The visit haif been a revelation to him , ho
snld , and ho was filled with wonder at what
he had seen.
Thu grand sire was followed hy Grand
Masterl-onguovilloof Iowa ; Dr. I. T.Ab
bott , 15. H. of Iowa ; J. K. Powers , G. K. of
Iowa , aad others.
At 4 o'clock the party was driven to the
depot and took the train for DCS Molnes.
The Oddfellows of York huvo for some
time been preparing for the orgmilzaHon of a
canton , uud Saturday evening last the work
was consummated by instituting Canton
Pamn No. 7 , with twenty meniltent. Colonel
Nichols , commander of thu department of Ne
braska , Adjutant F. H. Hryant of Omaha ,
and L i . Clago of Fremont , instituted tUo
new order. The officers nre X. T' . Lumlccn ,
captain : A. .1. Willcliib. lieutenant ; George
F. Iltirr , ensign. J. . "White , cleric ; N. V.
Ilarlan , accountant ; Carl /Clmmerer , stand
ard bearer.
Kutli lodge. Daughters of Kebekah. gave a
social at the lodge room last night. None but
members of the lodge were invited ami a very
( ileasant time was enjoyed. Mnsie and danc
ing were the features of the entertain
ment , and divided tlio interest with
a delicious luncheon which was
served in the appetizing style which charac
terises all these affairs given bv this lodge.
U was a fitting ending of the celebration in
honor of the seventy-first anniversary of tlio
order.
A. O. U. w7
Exeter ledge No. 11 , A. O. U. Vf. , met at
their hall Tuesday evening , April 22and wcro
called to order promptl v at S o'clock by M. W.
C. A. Bickel.
F. T. Dimick , P. M. W. , and "father" of
the Exeter lodge , sat in his customary chair ,
this being the last iiiyht of his attendance nt
Exeter lodtre , he with his family leaving this
week for AVauneta , Neb. , their future home.
About the middle of tlio opening ode tlio
doors were thrown open by the I. W. , mid in
marched the A. O. U. AV. band at the head of
li. ) members , their wives and invited guests.
The onioers and brethren in the ledge room
joined in the grand march. Hrother Dimick
alone being lee filled with surprise to move ,
this liclngthr > first not UP lie had received df
the farewell reception to be tendered him.
Quiet restored mid greetings ended ,
Brother. ! . F. Ilommel , In a neat speech , re
viewing Ill-other. Dimick'.s connection with
tin-oilier , presented him witli a gold-mounted
1' . M. W. badge , engraved with the mime of
Fay T. Dimiek.
After a short response by the guest of the
evening the tables were spread and n royal
supper mid social amusements ended the
evening's entertainment.
Fay T. Dimick bus been a member of
Exeter lodge No. H since its organl/atinn in
IbSI , and during that time has missed Imtono
session of lodge , except through absence from
town. He has always been the leader and
his departure for \Vmuipfa Is deeply re
gretted by each member Of the order.
Exeter lodge now enrolls about seventy
members. It has rccentlv given several pub
lic entertainments , notably an expose of tlio
rites nnd ceremonies of the "Ancient Order
of Hercules , ' ' mid has a similar course mapped
out for tlio futnre.
Tlio A. O. U. V > ' . bnnd recently organi/ed by
members of the order , the instruments being
lodge property , will be an important factor
in future entertainments.
The A. O. I'.W. has now obtained a footing
in Nova Scotia , Chebucto lodge No. 1 having
been instituted at Halifax.
Tlio growth of the order In New England
in Fob run ry reached jiVarly three hundred.
The "Peckhum" Scottish Kite.
The grand master of the Masons of tlio Dis
trict of Columbia has Issued an edict annull
ing an edict issued last' ' July against tlio
"Cerncau1' Scottish rife Masons for alleged
fraternal relations wltU UIP- Grand Orient of
France. Tills action , SyhU-h , no doubt , will
lx ) of interest to the Mtisonio fraternity
throughout the United States , was taken
after the receipt of a properly authenticated
copy of a proclamation Issued by the supreme
grand council Cernenu Scottish rlto Masons ,
In which It Is stated that they "never Inten
tionally did or coimnitted any net or thing
showing any want of loyalty to undent
craft Masonry , mid Hint there may bo no
further excuse to claim that wo have , wo do
hereby withdraw said proiiosnl , and annul ,
vacate and set aside each and every act and
thing done by anyone in authority of our rlto
wherein It might be claimed , even by our ene
mies , that fraternal relations bad l eeii effected
between the said Grand Orient of I'rauco or
any of its bodies and our organization , con
trary to the order ordecreeof any grand lodge
of the United States. "
1C. O. K.
All parties Interested in orgnnUIng a lodge
of the Knights of the Golden Englo in South
Omuha are requiBU'd to please address box
Tite , Omaha.
COLUMBUS1 CRAZY CARAVEL
How the Genoese Navigator Hade His
Memorable Voyage.
THE BOATS WERE MERE MUD SCOWS.
A Noted Marine Artist Has Carefully
Keprodm'cd on Canvas tlie
Kleet that Kirst Touched
America's Shores.
W.VMIIXOTO.V , April 31. [ Special to THE
Ur.i : , ] The near approach of the -iOOth an
niversary of the discovery of America by the
Intrepid ndveiitiirei- Christopher Columbus
naturally invests every topic relating to the
incidents of that voyage with the greatest
interest. Tlio long voyngo over a trackless
ocean never before ploughed by the prbw of
Kuropean vessel affords material for the con
templation of philosopher as well as histo
rian. The character of the vessel in which
this , inatchle.soyage was made is naturally
nn interesting subject nnd has been much
discussed by naval experts who have given
the subject attention. Lately there has befii
painted in this city a picture of Hie caravel
in which Columbus made bis voyage to this
countiy as well as pictures of the Nina and
Pinta in the same composition.
The nrlist who lias Just ilnisheiUhls histor
ical achievement is Mr. Harrison Kastman , a
man of rare ability in all branches of his art ,
but who has devoted his time and talents to
the painting of historical craft , and having
nil his life been mi assiduous collector of liter
ature relating to marine painting and marine
architecture , lie is especially well fitted to un
dertake the task of perpetuating on canvas
the marine scenes of historical interest to
lovers of art as well as to tlio student. Mr.
Kastman's collection ot etchings , engravings
and sketches of the craft of this world num
ber many thousand , us in his collection uro
depicted the vehicles of un.uatio transporta
tion from the dug-out canoe , tlio original of
which in the Kiel museum is thought to bo
the earliest known boat , to the photograph of
the latest armed cruiser. The period of de
velopment in naval architecture during the
middle and later ages is especially well repre
sented.
Some time ago Mr. Kastman conceived tlm
idea of painting a picture of the craft used
by Columbus , being Incited thereto by tlio
success with which a painting of the "Mny-
flower" was received. This latter picture
wus painted by Mr. Kastman last year from
data gathered from his collection , and was
immediately purchased by Mrs. Senator
Stanford. In painting the Santa Maria and
other vessels ol Columbus , Mr. Kastman did
not depend entirely upon bis own collci tion
for ills material , but consulted also the work
of Admiral de Paris , the famous French
writer on nautical matters who , several years
ago by direction of the French government ,
devoted nuuh time and labor to the task of
evolving the type nnd style of vessel used
by the discoverer of America. After much
research ho decided cm not only the dimen
sions mid blniiK > of the tlueo beaUs , but also
to a reasonably certain extent on the stjle of
rigging carried and other interesting details ,
Mr. Hnstmim in painting the Suntu Maria
lias followed eloso the style of ship which tie
Paris clulms us the original vessel
that started from Palo , but his
drawing is not a sorvllo imitation of
that of French admiral but different from it
In several points on which more light has
been tin-own by later researches than was
obtainable when do I'arU brought out his
great work.
Tim work described by do Paris and graphi
cally depicted on canvass by Mr. Kastman Is
a small craft the sl/e of which would deter
u seaman of HIGM ! duys from attempting a suil
to the fishing banks of Newfoundland , and
would subject to ridicule the man who would
even suggest the idea of a voyage to KIIIOIKJ
in the eranUy looking ark , Tlio Plntu and
the Nina were even less sea worthy thuii the
Santa Maria for neither of them were dccltei
over , but wereat the mercy of the first he.iv }
storm that should come up. The Santa Marii
Is shown to baVo been a caravel of nearly n
hundred tons burden , about oighty-fivo fee
long and twenty-five feet wide. She ha <
four masts , ono well over tlio bow , two wel
in the center of the ship and a sinal
yard over the stern carrying a sinal
lateen sail. There is some discussion as
by the typo of sails carried by the three ships
of Columbus , but history lias given de Paris
authority for his statement to the effect that
she was rigged with the large triangular sails
with which the ship was most freqnentlj
rigged and which the sailors of the Mediter
ranean were most familiar , and consequently
most skillful. The bottoms of the three ships
were nearly flat according to tlio custom of
the locality in which they were built , and
they drew eight or nine feet of water. The
chief peculiarity of these caravels was the
curious way in which they bulged at the
water line mid "tumbled In" above the lino.
The greatest width of the ship was at tlio
water line and from this to the deck line was
a decided narrowing of tlio width of tlio ves
sel. This same principle has in th > ' last cen
tury come into use in the construction of the
most .scientific gunboats , but for a different
reason. In the caravels of the Fifteenth cen
tury the great bulge at the wafer line was for
the purpose of rendering the boat more
safe during a storm when tlio waves were
running high us by this means the boat
rolled more easily in thu surge and was less
Hkelv to be eapsl'/cd in heavj running water.
In these latter days the sumo method of cou-
sfiuction is used'but for the purpose only of
allowing free play of guns fore and aft on a
gunboat.
The statement Hint the caravals of Colum
bus were undecked has been doubted , but
there is the assertion of ono historian of un
doubted authenticity to the effect thai the
Santa Maria carried a full deck , but that the
Pintn mid Nina were caravels' ol the half-
dock class , lioth classes of boats bad a
small deck forward known as the forecastle ,
and another small deck at the stern known
variously as the after-deck , the quarter-deck ,
the iiftor-castlo and the poop-deck. There
was also another neat house shelter high tin
on the stern for the accommodation of the
watch. In the Santa Maria there wus a full
deck between the fore and after castles ,
but in the Pinta mid Nimi there were
no decks save the Hinall castles. They were
protected from sweeping seas , however , by a
curious yet ingenious device that prevented
the heavy seas from breaking over the shlo
and filling the hold , Along the side of the
ship , attached to the shear plunk of the
smaller vessels , were fastened heavy stan
chions to the tops of which was lushed a long
pole forming ft rail several feet above the
deck. To this , in dirty wi ather , was laced a
strong sheet of matting of such closeness of
weaving as to effectually pro vent the seas
breaking over the boat. These being fastened
to windward , served the puriw.so of raising
the deck line and thus , made the vessel much
more safe.
Looked at from behind one of these cara
vels would strike the beholder with nitoiilah-
ment at the development of the ship above
tlio dcik line. Fi-om the water line the ship
began to tumble in and rose high in tlio air
until the stei n towered so far above the water
as to cause ono to wonder why it was that the
entire outfit did not overbalance and cupsi/.o.
The HUTU rose to almost a point and the en
tire length of this stern from water line to
the top of the watch deck afforded room for
the most extensive scheme of decoration.
The Nlnu and the Pinta were not so long
as the Santa Maria , and were rigged some
what differently. Mr. Kastman in Ills paint
ing shows the Plntu In the middle distance
and the Nina somewhat further off. lioth ,
however , are clearly drawn so that their
characteristics may lie easily discerned. Tlio
two smaller ships were about seventy-lho
feet long , the Nina being the smaller by sev
eral feet. Neither of thot > o boats mid decks
amidships.
All three of the ships were rigged with n
squaii ) bull on the forward mast , with a
small lateen sail over the stern , and large
lateen sails on the main and mlzzerunast. Tlio
foronuist carried n topsail , hut this hall wus
not curried on Hie other masts during even
the most pleasant weather. No Jib was car
ried , but when the steady trade wind Unit
Columbus encountered was mild and not too
brisk a small square water sail was carried
attached to the sprit and bulging out under
the jirow.
with thin primitive rig and In the clum
sily built caravels built at Pulos. Columbus
made his unequalled voyage across thu Atlan
tic uud eveu with the small spread of canvas
that was carried it Is estimated that about
seven miles mi hour was averaged on this
voyage.
The technique of the painting is excellent
and the drawing bcsidgs being accurate is
easy and graceful. Tlio artistic acui ssortej
are not forgotten , but are worked up in thu
highest degree.
Mr. Kastman has had associated with him
in this work Mr. F. Mueller , formerly of
Baltimore , whoso marines liavo established
his status as an mtist of that class. Fur
sometime past ho 1ms worked with Mr. Kast
man , nnd to him is largely due tlio richness
of color in the painting , and especially on tlio
water. PIHK\ : .
K. T.
The Knights Templar of Denver , where tlio
conclave is to bo held in 1603 , uro already
making preparations for tlio celebration.
Knough money lias been promised to decorate
tlio entire city. It has been decided to build
an immense pavilion near Hie temple , in the '
shnpo of a parallelogram , where evcrv grand
coimnandery is to bo apportioned n place for
headquarters and general rendo/.vous.
At the election April 11 the following ofll-
cers of Uethlchem Commamicrv No. If ,
Knights Templar , of Hebron , Neb. , were
elected : Sir O. I. Steele , eminent comman
der ; Sir.I. A. IJowdle , captain general ; Sir
.T. W. Hudhes , prelate ; Sir W. D. Gnlbrnitli , ,
senior warden ; Sir A. D. Werner , Junior ]
warden ; Sir. ) . K. Thomas , ti-pasurer ; Sir J.
M. Fhchpntrick , recorder , The appointive
oflicers have not yoMieen selected.
K. of I' .
A large division of tlio Uniform Hank wns
Instituted at Uealvlco Thursday night. The
ceremony was followed by a ball and ban
quet.
quet.A
A new ledge is being formed in the vicinity
of Fort Omaha.
Another section of tlio Kndowment Hank Is
about to be imttilutcd in this city.
Colonel il. 15 , Powell of Milwaukee , Colonel
Dale of Columbus and several others went to
Platte Centio Tuesday night to institute , a.
section of the Kndowment rani ; .
> IIV TIIU HALO.
A Strange Koreriiiiner to n Revere
Stroke ol' 1'ai-alyslH ,
A Hli'iiiigoHtrnnpo wlory connected with
the illness of Hov , Thomas MucMiioetoi-H
IIIIH coino to light.
The < reverend man in eighty-three
years of ago nnd VVUH Htrlokeu with tin-
ruiytiis on Saturday night , WIJ-H ti ( ! len
Falls , N. Y. , dls-putch to tlio Him Fran-
fis-i-o Kxamlnor. HH | venerable wife
HiiyH lie returned from u walk about Hi : ! ( )
o'clock iu the evening and sat down on
tlio bed. Almost immediately ho wan
Htrlekon with piiralyslH.
"JIo begun to miillc , " she Bays , "and
lliero caino about IIH ! liouil a halo art of
( Ire so bright Unit it illuminated thu
room and transfigured his countenance.
1 called for aHsl.stance , and my daughter ,
Mra. Joseph MuoMiiHtorH , and u neigh
bor , Miu JarvlH , caino Into tlio room.
Uoth wore terribly friyhteued nt the
bright halo of llro which stirrouiitlod my
huhhand'H lieail , and tlioy lied , "
Young Mra. MaeMawtesH HIIJ-H the halo
had the iippnaranuo of u luminous cloud
about the old gonlloinuu'ti head. It extended - ,
tended above him for a few inohen , and *
readied from shoulder to Hhoiildor.
"Jtrresembled diinelug hiiiiHliine , hut
( IB it happened during the evening it
eould not. of course , ho that , " IH the way
Hho tolls It.
The halo Is Bald to have lusted until
the old man WUH laid on the bed , when it
vaiiibhed.
A reputable phywldim who was told of
the occurrence bayo that the Huppowod
halo in canlly explained hy the presence
of [ ihu.sihunia | iu thu old umu'tt half.
The KngllHhmau who gave , as a rca-
son for not trying to rescue a man whom
ho uaw drowning , that ho had "never
hc.cn introduced to hlin 'mimt stop down _
from faino'H pedeutal to make room for n
woman in Now Jorhoy who declined to
cut down a Ktniggllng neighbor who had
hanged liorxelf on tlio ground that HIU !
might gut into trouble with the coronor.
4
