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About Omaha daily bee. (Omaha [Neb.]) 187?-1922 | View Entire Issue (Dec. 4, 1889)
2 THE OMAHA DAILY BEE : , WEDNESDAY , DECEMBER 4 , 1889 Jj * MMISGiYS FIRST Anntfnl Mossuko or the Prooldont Dollvorod to CongroBB PEACE AND PROSPERITY REIGNS Exhaust-tvo Itoviow of Our Rotations • with Foreign Qovornmonts REVISION OF THE TARIFF URGED But the Principles of Protection Must Bo Malntalnod I ' AGRICULTURE SHOULD ENJOY IT Apply It to the Farm tiB Well aB to the Shop INTERNAL REVENUE AND SILVER Both of the QuoBtlons Dealt with at ' Qroat Lougth NEEDS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY _ The • Indian Problrtn A Ilopoiiilr-nt IViihIiiii Lnw UrgoU Cl\ll Service Hd'oim Upheld llio South ern I'loulrm Discussed Delivered to Cnnerr-ss. Washington , Dec 3. I'rcsldont liar rison'H llrst ntinunl message was delivered to congr'ens today 'I ho flic-ammo In Urlnf The president m his message directs atten tion to tlio benefits to bo derived from the deliberations of the Pan-American nnd • luarluo conferences now In sosslon ' In mi nxlinustlvo review of foreign rela tions ho rcL'otnmonds careful consideration of ' the Chinese question , the fishnnos question , n now extradition treaty , and maintains the firm and dignified altitude with which his nd in in istration opened Ho deplores the existence of so large a surplus imd makes suggestions as to its dis posal Tho.tnriff laWBnced revision in such n way as to maintain the protective principle nnd * apply it to the products of tbo farm as well as the shop The icvcnuo tax on tobacco nnd spirits used in the arts should bo abolished Any safe legislation on the silver question must secure the equality of the two mutals In commercial uses The sjstum of coast defonscs nnd river and I harbor improvements should be Judiciously extended United States ofllcors aud witnesses should bo protected In the disctiargo of their duty An intermediate court having final uppol- ntc juiisiliction should ho established The salaries of all district court judges should bo inado $5,000. A fast mall scrvico is advocated I Moro.ycssels are needed in the navy r , Farms for the adults and schools for the I children , is the solution of the Indian prob- I lem I A territorial government must bo provided I for Oklahoma I An appropriation must bo made for the protection of the people of Alaska The land policy must look to the facllita- I tlon of the claims of the settlers Iw A now pension law should bo adopted I. . The interstate railroads should bo provided I with automatic brakes and couplers I Jriio mctcrological department * should bo I transferred to the agricultural department I The civil scrvico reform laws will bo I rigidly enforced j' i Tbo merchant inanno should bo encouraged | ' and developed I A national bankruptlaw should bo adopted I The liquor traffic in the District of Colum- bia should bo under the strictest limitation and control National aid for educational purposes should bo given the south and every civil right of the < olored man respected but the enforcement of the present law Is prefcrablo to the government contiol of elections , " , this anhSAGE : I'cnco and Good Will Characterize ' Foreign ItolntionH To the Senate and IIouso of Roprcsant- * atives : ' 1 hero ore few transaction In the adminis tration of government , Avhlch are oven tem porarily held in the confldonco of these charged with the conduct of the public busi ness Bvory stop taken Is under the observ ation of an intelligent and wulchful people lho statu of thu union is known from dav to , day nnd suggestions us to needed legislation j find an earlier voice thun that which sneaits , in thrso annual comuuiulcations of the prcsl- , dent to congress Good will nnd cordiality novo characterize ' ed our relations and correspondence with ether governments and the year Just closed ' leaves few international questions of Import ft auco unadjusted No obstacle Is bolleved to - - exist that can long postpone thu considera tion , and adjustment of the still pending questions upon satisfactory , nnd honorable torus The dealings of the government with other states huvo been nnd should always bo A marked by frankness and siucority Our purpose should bo avowed and our methods free from Intrigue , 'ihls course has bora rich fruit in the past and it is our uuty as a v nation to preserve the hcritago of good repute - puto which u century of right doing with lorolgu governments lias secured to us , It is u matter ot hlglisigniilcanco and no less V of congratulation , that the first year of the i second century of our constitutional cxlst- L euto finds , us honored guests within our [ L borders , the representatives of all the Indo fji- • pendent states of North nnd South America [ Sj mot together in earnest conforciino touching Bi „ the best methods of perpetuating und ex- I 1 pnnding the relations of mutual interest and \f \ friendliness extended among them , that lr : the opportunity thus afforded for promoting closer international relutions nnd the in creased prosperity of the states represented I. will bo used for tlio mutual good ot all 1 can I , not permit mself to doubt , I The recommendations uf this International I , conference of enlightened statcsmon will I , have the attontiun ' of congress and its co- I operation iu the removal of unnecessary bar It rlersto boneticlnl intercourse between tlio I' nations of America Hut whllo the coinmer- I ' cial results which It is hoped will follow this I conference are worthy of pursuit and ot tno I great interest they have excited , It is bo- I lievcd that the crowning benctlt will ho I , found In the hotter securities which may bo I devised for their maintenance between tbo 11. American nations and the settlement of all li contentions by methods that a Christian civ I * ; filiation can upprovo It Whllo viewing with Interest our national If resources and products , the delegates will , I l < am sure , find a higher satisfaction in the cv- I idonco ot unselfish friendship which every | * wlioroultcuds the Intercourse with ourpeo- I ll0- II Another International conference having I great possibilities for good has latoiy essoin- I bled und is now In session in tie capital Au I. invitation was extended by-the goverument under the not of congress of July B , 1B63 , to • • * all maratime nations to soud aelogates to I confer touching the revision and amendment I of the rules and regulations goveiring vos- sell and to adopt auulform system of muriuo slgcnls The rcsponso to the Invitation has been very general und very cord ml Dele • gates from twenty-six nations are prcsout in I tbeconferance and they have entered Uion Ik their useful work with great ical nod with - u ardent appreciation of Its importance , I r ° o far as the agreement to bo reached may require legislation to it glvo effect the coop crallon ot congress is cdnfldently roitod upon It Is nn Interesting and unprrsontod fact that the two international conferences have hro'tght ' hero the accredited roorcsen' tatlvci of thlrtv-thrro nations Bolivia Ecuador nnd Uomturns nro now represented hv resident envoys of the plenipotentiary grndo 1 licso states of the American sj stem now mnlntntn diplomatic reprcscr.Ution at this capital In this connection It mnv bo noted that nil the nations of tlio wouorn hemisphere with ono exception send to Washington onvovs extraordinary and min isters plenipotentiary , being the highest crado nccordcil to this government The United States on the contrary sends envoys of lower grade to somn of our sister repub lics Ourrepresotitatlvo in Paraguay and Urngunv Is a mlnliUir resident , while to Bolivia wo srnd a minister resident and con sul general In view ot the Importance of our rohitions with the slates of the Ameri can system our dlplnmntlo neonls In these countries should bo ot the uniform rank of envov extraordinary nnd minister plenipo tentiary Certain missions wcro so elevated by the last congress , with hanpv effect , nnd I rocommoml the completion of the reform thus begun with the Inclusion also of Hawaii nnd IFnjtl , in view of their relations to the American svstom of states I iilso recom mend tlint tlmolv provision bo made for ex truding to TIawnll tin invitation to ho repre sented In the International conference now sitting nl this capital ' Our relationship with China has the nt- tcntlvo consideration , which their magni tude nnd Interest demand The failure of the treaty negotiated Under the administra tion of my predecsssor for the further and moro cnmnloto restriction of Chlnnso labor Immicrattoii.and withit.tho loelslntlon of the last session n [ congress denendont thereon , joavo some questions open , which congress phould now nppicach in that wlso and just spirit which should chnrnctorho the roll tlnns of two gtoit nnd friendly powers Whllo our supreme intrrcsts demand the exclusion ofn lubiiintf element , which cc- poriencn has shown to bo Incompatible with our mhI.iI life , nil slops to compass the im perative need shoiill bo nccompanled with a rewgrition oT the claim of these strnngors now lawfully among il , to hutimtio nnd Just treatiiieiit The accession of the joung emperor of China lmrks , wo may hnpo , nn orn of pioirrosH and prosperity for the great country over whloh ho Is oallod to ruin The present stale of nlTairshi respect to the Simoim Islands is vnronrnglng The conference enco Wi.ich was hold in this cltv in the summer of 1887 between the rep resentatives of the United Stntos Germany nnd Great Britain has been ndjoumed because of the persistent diver pence of views which was developed in its deliberations The subsequent course of events in thc Island gives rlso to quostious of a serious character On February 4 the Cicrmnn minister of this capital in be half of his government proposed a resump tion of the occurrencesnt JScrlin Ihlsprop- osition was ncccptcd , as enneress in Febru ary last was informed Pursuunt to the understanding thus roaclicd , commissioners were appointed by mo by nnd with the ad vice and consent of the senate , who pro ceeded to Horlin , where the conference was renewed The deliberations extended through soverul woks and resulted In the conclusion of a trcatv which will bo sub mitted to the sennto for its approval I trust that the efforts which have been made to effect mi adjustment of this question will bo productive of the permanent establishment of lnwiiind order in Sam .a upon abisisof the maintenance of the rights and interests of the natives Tqo questions " which have arisen during the past few voirs batween Great Britain and the United States nro in nboyanco or in course of adjustment On the pirt of the government of the Do minion of Canada un effort has boon appar ent during tbo season Just ended to adminis ter the laws and regulations applicable to the fisheries with as little occasioa for fric tion as was possible and the tnmpornte ren- rosenlntions of this government in respect to cases or undue hardship or of harsh inter pretations have been in most , cases met with measures of transitory relief It is trusted that the attainment of our first rights under existing troitlcs and In virtue of the concur rent legislation of the two contiguous coun tries will not bo long deferred and that nil existing causes of diffcroneo mav bo equita bly adjusted , I recommend that provision bo made by nn International ngroemont for visibly marking the waterboundary between the United States ' and Canada in the narrow channels that join the great lakes The con ventional line therein traced by the north western boundary survey .voirs ago , is not , in all enses , roidilv ascortninanlo for the settlement of jurisdictional cases A just nnd nccoptablo enlargement of the list of offenses for which extradition may bo claimed and granted is most dcsirablo be tween this country and Great Britain Tlio territory of neither should become n secure harbor for the evildoers of the ether through any avoidable shortcomings In this rogurd A now treaty on this subject between the two powers has been rccontlyncgotiatod aud will soon be laid before the senate The importance of the commerce of Cuba and Porto IHco with the United States , their nearest nnd principal market , justifies the expectation that thu existing relations mnv bo heneficully expanded The Impediments resulting from varying dues on navigation and from the vexatious trcatmnntof our ves sels , on merely technical grounds or com plaint , in West Indian ports , should bo re moved lho progress toward an adjustment ot pending claims between the United Slates and Spain is not as rapid as could bo desired Questions nffoctinc American interests m connection with the railwnv constructed and operated by our citizens In Peru have claimed the attention of this government It is urged that other governments in pressing Peru to the payment of claims have disre garded tbo properly rights of Amorlcan citizen - zen * . The matter will bo carefully investi gated with a view to secure proper and cquitablo adjustment A similar issue is now pending with Portu gal The Dclagoa bay railway in Africa was constructed under a concession by Portugal to nn American cltUtn When nearly com pleted the load was seized by the agents of thu Portugese government Formal protest has been made through our minister at Lis bon against this act , and no proper effort will bo spared to secure proper lollot In putaunncQ of the charter granted by congress and under the terms of the con tract with the government of Nicaragua , the interoceanlo canal company has begun the construction ot tbo important waterway between the two oceans , which its organization contemplates Uravo complications for a time seems imminent in view of n supposed conflict ot jurisdiction between Nicaragua and Costu Kica inrogard to tbo accessory privileges to bo conceded by the latter ropubliatoward lho construction of works on the Ban Juan river , of which tbo right bank Is Costa ltica territory I am happy to loam that n friendly arrangement tins been effected between the two nations , This government has hold itself ready to promote in overi' proper way the adjustment of nil questions that might present obstacles to the completion ot a work ot such trans cendant importance to the commerce of this country , and indeed to the commercial inter ests ot the world The traditional good feeling between this country and tbo French republic has re ceived additional testimony in the participa tion of our government and people in thu in ternational exposition held at Paris dunug the past summer , The success of our exhib itors has been gratify lng The report of lho commission will bo laid before congress in duo season This government has accepted under proper reserve as to its policy in for eign countries , the Invitation of the govern ment ot Belgium to take part In un interna tional congress which opens at Brussels on November 10 for the purpose of devising measures to promote the abolition of the slave Undo in Africa and to prevent the shipment of slaves by sea Our interest In the oxtiuction of this crlmo against human ity in the regions where It yet survives has boon increased by the results ot emancipa tion within uur own borders With Germany the most cordial relations continue The questions arising from the return to the empire of Germaus naturalized iu this couutry are considered and disposed of iu a temperate spirit to the entire satis faction ot both goveroinouts It is a source ot great satisfaction that the internal disturbances ot the republic ot llaytl are at last happily ended aud that an apparently stable government has been con stituted H.I1M beuu auly reooguizod by the United States A mixed commission Is now In Bosalon In this capital for the settlement of long stand ing claims against thu republic of Venezuela , and It is hoped that a satisfactory conclusion Will bo speedily reached This government has not hesitated to express its earnest do- slro that the boundary dispute now tending between Great Britain and Venezuela may bo adjusted amicably and In strict accord auco with tbo hlstorio title of thu parties The advancement ot the empire ot Japan has been cvidonccd bv the rccont promulga tion nf n now constitution valued for guar nntles of liberty nnd providing for n rcspoa- Blblo ministry to conduct the government It is earnestly recommended that Jadlclat rights nnd proccssos In Corca bo established on a firm basis by providing the miuhlnory necossasy to carry out treaty stipulations in thnt regard The friendliness of the Porslan govern ment continue * to bo shown by Its gener ous treatment of Americans cngagod lu missionary labors , nnd by the cordial dispo sition of the Shah to encourage the enter prise of our cltirens In the development of Persian resources A discussion is In prog ress touching the jurisdiction treaty rlgnts of the United States iu Tiirlcov An caraost effort will bo made to dell no these rights to the satisfaction of these governments Questions continue to nrisoln our relations with several countries in respect to the rights of naturnll/ed citizens , Especially Is tills lho case with Franco , Italy , Knssh nnd Turkey , and to a lesser oUont with Swltjqrlnnd From tltno to ttmo earnest efforts have been made to regulate this subject by couventlons An improper tfso of nalmnllralion should not bo permitted , but It Is important thnt these who have ooon duly naturalized , should everywhere bo nccordcil recognition of the rights pertain ing to rltlzeiishin of the country of their ndontlon The appropriateness of special conventions for the purpose Is recognized In treaties which this government has conclud ed with n number of Kuropean states , and It is ndvlsiblo that the difficulties which now nrlso In our relations with oilier countries on tlios linosupject should bo similarly ndjijstod Tlio recent revolt In iiruzil . In favo' of thu establishment of u republican Term of gov ernment is an event of great interest to the United States Our minister nt lllo do .tnnoirn was til onca instructed to maintain frlondlv dlnlomntio relutions with the provis ion ll government nnd the Brazilian repre sentatives nt this capital wcro Instructed by the provisional government to continue tholr functions Our friendly intorrnuno with Mrazll has theroforosufforod no Interruption Our minister lias boon further instructed to extend on the part ot thli government n foi innl nnd cordial recognition of the new re public so soon us a majority nf the people of Brazil have signified their nssent to Its es tablishment and maintenance • TltK\SUItY ItlUOUT Tim Surplus , tntcrnnl Urviiuc-Cus toms nuil KintirrU SubJcntH Within our own borders a general condi tion nf prosperity prevails The harvests ot the last summer wuro exceptionally abund ant , und the trade conditions now prevailing seem to premise a successful season to the tnorchunt nnd manufacturer nnd general em ployment to our working people Tlio report of thn secrotarv of the treasury for the fiscal year ending Juno SO , 18S0 , has been prcparod and will bo presented to con gress It presents with clearness the fiscal operations of the government , and I nvail myself of it to obtain soma facts for use hero The aggregate receipts from all sources for the year were $ 7,0" )0,0r > S.8t , de rived as follows : From customs , $ iiS- ) ! , - 741.08 ; from Internal revenue , f IBO.bSI.Slii IU ; from miscellaneous sources , $ f. ,3riS0J.23 The ordinary oxpoiuliturcs for the sanio were $ 81,005,015 CO nnd the total expendi tures , including the sinking fund , wcro . ' 129,570,020 25. The excess of lccoipts over expenditures was after providing for the sinking Hind , J37,470.12'J 69 For the current fiscal j oar the total revenues , actual and es timated , nro 185,000,000 , und thu ordinary expenditures , actual and estimated , nro 5203,000,000 , making , with the sinking fund , a total expenditure of f.tll.Il'Jl.lHHl' .l , leaving an estimated Burplus of f ri.OTJ.SSJ 01. Dur ing the liscnl year there was applied to the purchase ot bonds , in addition to these for tbo sinking fund $10,450,172.3) , and during the first quarter of the current year the sum of W" , S < Wfl37.77 , nil of which were credited to the sinking fund The revenues for the fiscal year ending Juno 30 , lbOl , are esti mated bv the treasury department at $335,700,000 , and the expenditures lor tno Siirao period , Including the sinking fund , at $341,130.477.70. This shows un estimated sm- plus for that vear of $43,500 fi3.\30 , which is mora likely to bo iucreisod than reduced when tbo actual transactions are wi ittnn up lho existence of so largo an actual nnd an- ticipitcd surplus should have tbo ltnmcdiato attention of congress with a view to reduc ing the receipts of the treasury to the needs of the government as closely as mav be The collection of moneys not needed for public uses imposes un unnecessary burden upon our people , and the presunco of so largo n surplus in the public vaults is a disturbing element in the conduct of private business It has called into use expedients for putting it into circulation of very questionable pro priety Wo should not collect revenue for the purpose of anticipating our bonds beyond the requirements of the sinking fund But anv unappropriated surplus m the treasury should be so used as there is no other lawful way of returning the money to circulation and , the profit reulbod bv the government ; offers substantial advantage ? 'lho loaning r of public funds to the banks without in terest upon the security of government bonds , I regard as nn unauthorized and daugerous expedient It results in u tem porary and unnatural increase of the bank ing capital of favored localities and compels a cautious and gradual recall of the deposits to avoid injuiy to the commercial interests It is not to be expected that the banks hav ing these deposits will sell their bonds to the treasury so long ns the present highly bene ficial nrrangoment is continued They now practically get interest both upon the bonds nnd their proceeds No further use should bo made of this method of gcttlug the sur plus into circulation uud the deposits now outstanding should bo gradually withdrawn and applied to thn purchase of bonds It is fortunate that such a use can bo made of the existing surplus , and for seine time to como of any casual surplus thnt may exist after congress has taken the necessary stops for a reduction ot the revenue , Such legislation should bo promptly but very considerably en acted 1 recommend a revision of our tariff laws , both in its administrative features and in the schedules The need of the former is generally conceded , nnd an agreement Upon the evils nnd inconveniences to bo remedied and the boat methods for tholr correction will probably not be difficult Uniformity of valuation ut nil our ports is essential , aud effective measures should bo taken to secure it It is equally Ue3irablo that questions nf- fecting rates and classifications should bo promptly decided , The preparation of n new schedule of customs duties is a mnttor of great dollcaey because of its effect upon ; the business of tno country ; of great difficulty by reason uf the wldo dlvorgonco of opinion ns to the objects that may bo promoted by such legislation Some disturb inco of busi ness may perhaps result from a considera tion nf this subject by congress , but this temporary 111 effect will bo reduced to the minimum by prompt nrtion and the assur ance which the country enjoys that any necessary changes will bo so made as not to impair the Just nnd reasonable protection of our homes and in- dustilos Tlio Inequalities of the law should bo adjusted , but the protective principal should bo maintained and fairly applied to the products of our farms ns well as our shops These duties necessarily have rela tion to other things nesidos the publlo rev enues Wo cannot limit their effects by fix ing our eye on the publlo treasury alone They huvo n direct relation to homo produc tion , to work , to wages nnd to the pommor- cial independence ot our country aud the wlso und patriotic legislator should enlarge the field of his vision to include nil of these The necessary reduction in our public rev enues can , I am sura , bo made without mak ing the smaller burden moro onerous than the larger by reason of the disutilities and limitations which the process ot reduction , puts upon both capital aud labor The free list can very safely bo extended by placing thereon articles that do not offer lniurious competition to such domostlo products as our homo labor can supply , The removal ot the Inter nal reveuuo tux on tobacco would relieve an important agricultural product from n burden - don which was imposed only because our revenue from customs duties was insufficient for lho publlo ueeds If eafo provisions against fraud can bo dovlsod , tbo removal of lho tax on spirits used in the arts and in mauufactuiing would aUo offer an unobjec tionable method of reducing thu surplus A tublo presented by the secretary ot the treasury , showing the amount ot money ot all kinds in circulation each year from 1678 to the present time is of interest It appears that the amount ot national bank note * in circulation has decreased during that period $114,109,7311 of which $37,790S25i chargeable to the lust year The withdrawal * of bank circulation will nocossurily continue under existing conditions It Is probable the adop tion of the suggestions made by the comp troller of the curreuoy , vizi That the the establishment of banks bo ulolmuui deposit ot bonds for reduced ftnfthat an Issue of the notes to the | par vnluoofitho bonds bo allowed would help I to maintain Jjlio bank circulation But whllo this withdrawal ot the bank notes h s been going on there lias bconnlargolncroasoln the amount ot gold ami silver coin in circulation nnd In thols.suo.pf gold nnd Bilver certificates The total aihoftnt of money of nil kinds In cir culation ortOMlrch 1 , 1378. was $305,793 , "W , whllo on October 1 , 1SS9 , the totnl amount wns $1 l" ,01Sooo. There was an Increase of 5203,117,55.3 , in.gold nnd ot $ . i7,55l,10O In standard silVonlollars ; of $72,311,249 , In cold certificates ; of $270,010,715 in sliver certifi cates nnd of $14,073,787 in United Stntos notes , tnaklne.lv total of $713,970,403 There was ilnrlug tlia.snmo period n'docrcaso of $111,109,729"htf bank circulation nnd of $ OI2,4l ! ) lt > ynubsldv silver The not increase was $5'19,221,103. ' The circula tion per capita has Increased noout * " > during the time covered by tlio table referred to The total colnago of silver dollar lar * nus on Norombcr 1 , 18S9. $ .143,0)3,001 ) , of which $233,530,521 were in the treasury vaults uud $00,093,430 were In circulation Of the ninonnt In the vaults $377,310,014 were rcprcsehtod by outslnndliig silver certifi cates , leaving $0,219,077 nbt In circulation and not represented by cortlllcates 'lho law requiring the purohnso by the treasury ot $2,000,000.worth of- sliver bullion each month to bo coined Into silver dollnis of 412V gralhs has booh obscrvod by the department ment' but neither the present secretary nor any of his predecessors has deemed It safe to cxerciso the discretion given by law to Increase the /nonthly purchases to four million dollars When the law wns enacted ( Fcbrtinry 23. 1873) ) . the pricoof silver In the market was $1.20 4 10 per ounce , making lho bullion viluo of lho dollar 9.1 cents Since that time the price has fallen ns low as 912 cents per ounce , reducing the bullion value of the dollar to 70 0 cents Within lho last few months the mnrkot prlco hns somewhat advanced nnd on November 13th Inst the bullion vnluo ot the diver dollar was 72 cents 'lho evil anticipations which have nc- romp inlud thn coinage and use of the sllvor dollar have nbt been realized As a coin it has not hud general use nnd the publlo treasury lias been compelled to store It Hut this is manifestly owing to the fact that Its paper rcpsusctilatlvo is mora convenient The general ncceptunco and use of the silver cottliicnto show that bilver has pot been otherwise dlscroditcd Some favorable conditions have contributed to maintain this practical equality In their commercial use , between the gold nnd silver dollnrs But some ot these nro trade condi tions thnt statutory enactments do not con trol and of the continuance ot which wo cannot be certain I think it is clear that if wo should malio the coinage or silver at thn present ratio free , wo must expect the difference in the bullion values of the gold and silver dollars will bo taken account of in commercial transactions , and I fear the Riimo result would follow nny considerable increase of the present rate of colnago Such a result would bo discreditable to our financial mauagoniont , and disastrous to all business inturcsts - Wo should not tread tha dangmous edge of such a peril and indeed nothing moro harmful could happen to the silver In terests Any s ife legislation upon this sub ject must secure the equality of the two coins iu commercial uses I have always been mi advorato of the use ot sllvor in our cunrncy Wa nro huge produceia of that metal nnd slfould not discredit It To the idan which will be presented by the secre tary or the treasury for the issuance of notes of cortiflcatc.Sj.jUpon the , deposit of silver bullion at itt murkot value I have been ublo to give only " ia rhasty examination owinir to the press of atlior ninttois nnd to the fact that it hns bjicaso icccntly formulated , 'lho details of .s ucl } ftjlaw require careful consideration , put the general plan suggested by him Booms to satisfy the purpose to contlnuo Jbp Use of silver In connection with our curraupy and nt the same time , to obviate the du 'riger of which I have spoken At a later da } mav communicate further with concrossjupou this subject The enforeompnt of the Chinese exclusion act has beenjfound to be very difficult on the norlhwesterp jfr/inj.ier. Chinamon at Victoria find it oisy tp.pass " our border , owing to the impossibility , wth { the force nt the command of the customs , officers , of guarding so long nn inland line /l'be secretary of tl o trensurv has authorized the employment of Additional officers , whcJinwiU bo assigned to this dut > - and ovc y.cffortwill be jiiado to enforce the law The JjominTbn oxaiflsa head tnx of $50 f6r each Chinaman landed and when these persons in fraud of our law cross into the territory and nro npprqhendod our of ficers do net know what to do with them , as the Dominion government will not suffer them to bo sent back without a second payment - mont of the tax An effort will bo made to loach nn understanding that will remove this difficulty , * The proclamation required by section 3 of the act of March 2 , lbS9. relating to the killing of seals nnd other fur-bearing animals was issued by mo oq March 21 , and n revenue vessel was dlsnatchoj to'euforco the laws and protect the interests of the United Stntos The establishment or a refuge stationat , Point Barrow as directed by congress was successfully accomplished U1113 WAIt IHB'/VKTBIKNT. Need of Const Defence anft ItUernnil Ilmtior Improvement Judged by modern standards wo are prac tically without coast defences Many of the structures wo hnvo would enhance rather than diminish the perils of their garrisons if subjected to the tire of improved guns nnd vary few nro so located as to glvo full effect to the greater range of such guns as wo are now making for coast defense use This general subject has hud consideration in congress for some years and the nppropna- tlon for the construction of largo rilled guns , raudo ono year ugo , was , I am sum , the ex pression of a purpose to piovido suitable works in which these guns might bo mounted An appropriation now made for that purpose would not ndvaueo the completion of the works bovond our abil ity to supply thoin with offcctivo guns The security of our coast cities should not rest altogether in the friendly disposition ot other nntions There should bo a second line wholly in our own keeping I urgently recommend nn nppropriatioii at this session fnr the constiuction of such works in our much exposed harbors I approve tbo suggestions of the secrdtary of war thnt provisions bo made for encamp ing compamos of the national guard in our coast wonts for a specified time each year and fnr tholr training in the use of heavy guns His aurgastion that an increase of the artil lery force of the nruiy is tlesirablo is nlso , in connection , commended to the consideration of congress Tlio improvement nt our lirqiortant rivers und harbors should bo promoted bv the { necessary1 appropriations Care should betaken taken that the government is nut committed to tbo prusecutiou of works not nf publlo nnd general advantage , and that the relative use fulness of works of that class is not over looked So far'ns this work can over bo said to bocomnloted.'I.do not doubt thnt the end would bo Bobubt > _ and mora economically reached If fewer nepal ate works wore under * taken nl the sumo time nnd these selected for their greater ' general Interest were moro 1 rapidly pushcQt to completion A work once 1 considerably begun should not bo subjected to tao risk mill deterioration ' which inter rupted or insufficient appropriations necessarily - sarily occasion • > 'fH0 JUIMU1AUY. An Intermediate Court Ilecointnenil- etl .luVliio'-i 'nlnrlct ) , Ktc , The nssault moUe by David S. Terry upon i the person of OlSstico Field ot the supreme i court of the united States , ut Lathrop , Cal , last August a-Vd'tho killing of the assailant : by a deputy United States marshal w ho had I bcua deputized p accompany Judge Field I and protect bnivrrom vlolonco at tha hands i of Terry , in connection with the legal pie coodings which huvo followed , suggest ques • tions which , in my Judgemnntaro worthy the uttention of congress , I recommend that I more definite provision ba made by law not l only for the protection of federal ofllcors butter l tor u full trial for such oases in the United I States courts In recommending such legis lation I do uot ut all iuipoacb olttier the gun oral adequacy of the provision mudo by the orstato laws for the protection of all citizens the gauerul disposition of those charged 1 with tbo execution of such laws to give pro tection to the ofilcers of tno United Status The duty of protecting the officers as such aud ot punishing these who assault them ou account of their official arts should not bo devolved expressly or by ucqulescenco upon thu local authorities Kvonts which have been brought to my attention happening in ether parts of tbo couutry have also sug gested the propriety of extending by legisla tion fuller protection to these who may bo called as witnesses In the courts of the United States , The law compels those who are supposed to'huvo knowleJ.ro ot publlo of- fousos to attend upon our courts and grand > Juries ] and to glvo ovlrtonco There Is'a mam- test l resulting duty Hint these witnesses shall i bo protected from Injury on account of their I testimony , The Investigations of crltni Inal 1 offenses nro often rendorcil futile nnd the I punishment ot crlmo Impossible by the Intimidation I of witnesses The nccosslty of providing some more speedy methods for disposing ot the cases which now como for final adjudication to the supreme i court becomes every j oar moro apparent - parent ; nnd urgent , The plan ot providing some i intermediate courts having flnnl appel ate Jurisdiction ot certain classes ot ques tions and rasos has , I think , received a moro general approvnl from the bench and bar of the country than any other Without nt- tomptlng to discuss details , I recommend that provision should be made for the cstab llshment of such courts 1 ho snlnrios of the Judges ot the district courts In many of the districts nro in my Judgment Inndequnta I recommend that nil such salaries now below 65,003 per annum bo Increased to that amount It Is quite true thnt the amount of labor performed by these Judges is very unequal , hut ns they cannot properly cngagoin ether pursuits to sunplo- mont tholr incomes , tholr salary should bo such In nil cases ns to provldo an Independ ent and coinfortnblo support Barncst ntttontlon should bo given by con gress to n consideration of the question how far the restraint thosjn combinations of cipl- tul commonly called trusts , " Is a maltor ot fcdorul Jurisdiction When organized ns they often nro to crush out nil healthy com petition , to monopolize the production or sale of on article of commerce ami general necessity they are daugorous conspiracies ngnlnst the publlo good nnd should be made the subject of prohibitory and oven penal legislation ThoRubJect of nn International coppvrlght has been frequently commended to tlio at tention ot congress by my predecessors , The enactment of such n law would bo eminently wise aud just Our naturalization laws should bo so ro- vlsod as to iniko the Inquiry into the clinr- ucter and good disposition toward our government of the persons applying for citizenship more thorough This can only bo dona by taking fuller control ot the exam inations , by fixing the time for hoarlng each application mid bv requiring the presence of some ono who shall represent the iororn- mont iu tha Inquiry These who nro thu cnomlcs of social order , or who como to o,3r shores toswoll the injurious Influence and to extend the evil practices of nny association that deiloB our I iws , should not only bo do- nicd citizenship but a domicile The enactment ot u national bankrupt luw of a character to ho a permanent part of our general legislation Is dosiratlo It should bo simple la its methods and inexpensive in its udmlnistrntion POSIOFFIOB DIUAltTMnNr Valuable Suggest cms Tor liuprovine ; tln Service The report of the postmnster-gcnornl not only oxhlblta the operations of the depart ment for the fiscal year , but contains mnnv valuable suggestions for the impiovoment nnd extension of tha service , which uro commended to your nttontion No other branch of lho government has so close a contract with the daily life of the people Almost ovcryouo uses the scrvico it offeis , and every hour gained in the transmission of the great commercial mails is nn actual nnd possible value that only these engnged la the trade can understand The saving of ono day in the transmission of the moils between Now York nnd San Francisco , which has recently been accomplished , is an Incident worthy of mention The plan suggeslod of a supervision of the postoflicos in soparuto districts that shall involve - volvo instruction and suggestion and a rat ing of efficiency of the postmasters , would , I have no doubt , greatly iuiprovo the service A pressing necessity exists for the erec tion of a building tor the Joint use of the de partment and of the city pnstofllco The department - partmont was p irtially relieved by rcntlmr outside quarters for a part of its force but it is again overcrowded The building used by the city ofllco never was fit for the purpose nnd is now Inndcqunto nnd unwholesome The unsatisfactory condition of the law re lating to the transmission through the mails of lottery advertisements nnd remittances is clearly htatod by the postmaster-general nnd his suggestion ns to nmondmont should have your favorable consideration aionc vumskls neeickd Tracy's ItccoiuincnUntinu In Ucgaril lot In * Nnvy Concurrent In The report of the secretary of the navy shows a reorganization of the buroius of the department that will , I do not doubt , promote mete the efficiency of each In general sat isfactory progress has been made in the con struction of the new ships of our nnvy au thorized by contrrcss The first vessel of the • now nnvy the Dolphin , was subjected to very severe ttial tests nnd to very much criticism , hut it is gratifying to state that a cruise around the world from which she hns ro contlv returned has demonstrated that she is a first class vessel in iter rate , The report of the secretiry shows that while the effective force of the navy Is rap idly increasing by reason of the improved build and armament of the now ships , the number ot our ships fit for sea duty grows very slowly Wo had on ftlarch 4 last , thlr- tv-saven serviceable ships , nnd though four have since been ndded to the list the totnl hns not bocn increased because in the meantime - time four have beea lost or con demned Tiventy-six additional vessels have been authorized and appropriated for , but it is probable that when they aio com pleted our list wilt bo lncrca9od only to forty two , a gain of five The old woouon ships ore disappearing almost as fast ns the now vessels nro uddod These facts carry their > own argument One ot the now ships may , in fighting strength , bo equal to two ot tbo i old , but it cannot do the cruising dutlos of ' two It is important , therefore that wo i wo should hnvo a moro rapid increase in the number of sci vlccablo ships I qoncur In the recommendation of the i secretary that eight armoured ships , three i gunboat and five torpedo boats bo author ized ized.An An nppalliag calamity bcfoll three of our naval vessels on duty nt the Snmoau islands , , In the harbor of Apia , In March last , Involv ing the loss of four officers nnd forty-seven i bcauion of two vessels , the Trenton nnd Van Ualiu , mid the disabling nf the third , tbo i Nipsic Three vessels of the German navy , t also in the hurbor , shared with our snips the force of the hurricane and suffered oven i more heavily Whllo mourning the bravo officers and men who died facing , with high i resolve , perils gro iter than these of battle it is most gratifying to Btttlo the credit of tbo i American navy for sontnnnslup , courage and [ generosity was magiiiflcenrly sustained in the stormbsalen harbor of Apia Till : INDIAN PKOIUiRM Farms for tlio Adults nnd Schools i ibr the Giillilrcu The report of the secretary of the lutorlor oxnlbiis the transactions of the government with the Indian tribes Substantial progress 1 has boon made in the education of the cbil- ; dren of school ngo and in the allotment of : lands to adult Indians It is to be regretted 1 that tha policy of breaking up the tribal rela ' tion aud of dealing with lho Indian us an In ' dividual did not appear earlier iu our legisla tion , Largo reservations held in common , > and the maintenance of the uulbonty of the > chiefs nnd head mon , have doprlved the Indi : vidual of every Incentive of the exorcise ot thrift , nnd the annuity has contributed an nf- llrmat ivo impulse towards a stale of coullrmed paupeiism Our treaty stipulations should 1 bo observed with HJellty , and our legislation 1 should ho highly considerate of the best in- terests of an ignorant und helpless people The reservations are now generally sur- rounded bv whlto settlements Wo can un 1 lonircr push thn Indiau back into the wilder noas , and It remains only by every suitable } ugoncv td push him upward into the estate of > u Bclf.tupporllug und responsible citizen , For thu adult lho first stop Is to locate him 1 on a farm , and for the child to locate him in 1 u school School nttondonco should ho promoted by [ every inarul agency , and these failing should 1 bo compoiled The national school * tor In- dians have been very successful and should [ j bo multiplied , and so fur as possible should 1 be so organized and couducted as lo facllitato the transfer of the schools to the stites or or territories in which they uro located , when j the Indians in a neighborhood bava accepted ' citizenship and have become othorwisa flttod ' for such a transfer This condition of things will bealtalnod slowly , but it will bo hastua- c4 by keeping it In mind , and In the tuean- time that co operation between the govern ment uud the mission schools ivhieli has wrongnt much good sjiould bo cordially aud J impartially sustained The lust congress enacted two dlsttncUaws relating to nc'otlutlons with tha Sioux Iu- dlans of Dakota for a relinquishment ot a portion | of their lands to the United States T and i for dividing the romnluilDr Into sepjrato reservations i Both were approved on the same i day , March 3 , nnd ono submitted to the lndinns ] a spoolllo proposition , the ether ( sec tion I 3 , of the Indian appropriation net ) au- thorlzes I the president to nppoint three com missioners i to tirgotlnto with tlio Indians Tor nceonipltsbtucnt i of tha snmo general purpose nnd i lcquircd that any agreement made should i ho submitted to congress for ratifica tion i tion.On April 7 last T appointed Hon Charles Poster of Ohio , Hon Willi un Warnur nf Missouri and Major General George Crook of i the United States nr < , commissioners under the last mimed , Thei wore , howuver , authorized mid directed llrst to submit to the Indians the deftnliu proportion made to tliom by the act first mentioned , and only In the event otn failure to secure the assent ot the requisite number lo the proportion , 'to open negotiations for modified terms under the ether nets The woric ot the commission wns prolonged nnd nrduous , but the assent of the rcqulslto number was , it Is s ldfinally obtained to the proposltloa in ulo by con gress , although thn report of thu commission has not been submitted In view of thesn facts l shall not , ns at present ml vised , deem it uen'ssary tn submit the agreement to congress for ratification , but it will in dun course be submitted for information Tlilsngrcoinpnt releaser to Ilia , United States nhonl O.WO.tKK ) ucres of land The commission provided for bv section 14 of the Indlnn appropriation bill , to nogotinto with t' .lo Chcrokod Indians owning or chum lng lauds lilng west of the ninety-sixth degrco ot lotigltimo , for the ccsiion to tlio United States of nil such lands , wns constituted by the nppolntnioiitot Hon Lucius Fairchlld or Wisconsin , lion John F. Hnrtr.infb ot Pennsylvania nnd Hon Alfred M. Wilson of Arkansas , nnd organized on Juno 20 Inst 1 heir first conference • forenco with the represent itivos cf the Chorokcos was held at Tahlequnh Julv 2J , with no defiiiilo results Uenur.il John F. Hnrtrnnft of Pennsylvania was prevented hv ill-health from taking part in thu conference Ills death , whirh occurred recently , is Justly nnd generally lamented by n people ho hud scivod with conspicuous gallantry in war nnd with great fidelity in peace The in fancy thus created v > s filled by tlio appoint montof Hon Wnrron (5. bnvre of Indiana , A second conference between the commis sion nnd the Cherokces was begun Novum bor 0 , but no results huvo yet boeu obtnincd , nor is it bsllevcd that a conclusion can bo Immediately oxpoclod The c.attio syndlcnto now occupying the lands for gracing pur- nnsos is clenrlv ono of tlio agencies responsi ble for the obstruction of our negotiitions with tbo Choiokoes The largo body of agri cultural lauds constituting wbnt is known as the "Chcrolcea Outlet ought not to bo nnd cannot lone ha held for grazing uud for the advantngo of a few against the publlo Inter ests and the best advantngo ot the Indians themselves The United States has no w.undor the troutles , certain rights in these lands These w ill not bo used oppressively , but It cannot bo allowed that these who by suffer nnco occupy these lands shall mtcrposo to defeat the wlsu and beneficent purposes of the government I cannot but bellovo that the ndvantngcous chnrnctor or the offar made by lho United Slates to the Cherokco nation for n full lclcaso ot these lands , as compared with other suggestions now made to them , willet obtain for it a favornblo consideration Ol'KMNC Ol1 * OKLAHOMA Congress Urgoil to 1-rovlcto a Terri torial Govcrninaiir Under the ngroemont made between the United States nnd the Muskogee ( or Creek ) nution on the 19th day of January , 18SS , nn absolute title was secured by the United States 'o tibout three mid a half millions of acres of lnnd Section 12 of the general Indian appropria tion net , approved March 2 , 18 9. made pro vision for the Jpuichaso by the United States fiom the Scmlnnlo tribe of n certain portion of their lands The delegates of the Somlnole nation having first duly evidenced to mo their power lo net In that behalf , delivered a proper release lease nnd coiivcyunco to the use of all thu lauds mentioned in tbo act , which was ac cepted by mo and certified to bo in canuill- nnco wllh thu statute By the term ot Both the nets referred to , all the lands so pur chased wcro declared to bo a part of tbo public domain nun open lo settlement under lho homestead law Bui part of the land embraced in these purchases being in the aggregate about five und a ' half million acres , had already , under the terms of the treaty of IbOO , boon acquired by the United States for the purpose of settling other In dian tribes thereon , und had Peon appropri ated to that purpose The land remaining and available for settlement consisted of 1,857,7'Jd mires , surrounded on nil sides by lands in the occupancy of Indian tribes Congress had provided no civil govern ment for the people who were to Ih ) invited by my proclamation to settle upon these 1 mils except ns the new court , wnich had been established nt Musco gee , or the United States court in some of the no joining states had now or tn enforce thn general laws of the United States In this condition of things , I was quito reluctant to open the lands to settlement , but in view of the fact that sovcral thousand persons , many of them with their families , hud gatiicred upon the borders of tno Indian territory with a view of securing homesteads on the ceded lands , nnd thnt delay would Involve them in much ioss nnd suffering , I did , on March 2J last , issue a proclamation declaring that thu lands therein described would bu open to settlement under the provisions of the law on April 25 following , at 12 o'clock noon Two land districts bad been established und the offices were open for the transaction ot business when thu appointed time arrived It is much to the credit of the settlers that they very generally observed the limitation us to the time when they might enter the territory Care will bo taken that these who entered in violation of the law do not secure the ndvnntage they unfairly sought , There was a good deal ot apprehension that the strife for location would result in much violence and bloodshed , but happily these anticipations wuro not re alized < It is estimated that there are now In the territory about 00,000 people , nnd several cuiisidcrablo towns huvo sprung up , for which temporary municipal governments hnvo been organized Guthrie is said to have now a population of almost 8,000. Eleven schools and three churches have i been established , uud three daily and llvo weekly newspapers are published in this city , whoso churtur mid ordinances hnvo only tlio sanction of tlio voluntary acquies cence of the people from day to dav Okla Homo City has a population of 5,000 , nnd is proportionately as well provided us Guthrie with churches , Buhools and newspapers Other towns situl villages having a population of from ouo hundred to a thousand , uro scattered ever the tovitory " In cider Jo secure the peace of this now community in the absence of civil govern ment , 1 directed Qeuoral Mcrritt , command ing the department of the Missouri to net In 1 conjunction with the marshals ot the United 1 Stales to preserve the peace and upon their requisition to use lho troops to aid thorn In executing warrants and in quieting any riots 1 or broaches nf the pence that might occur , Ho was fu4lhor directed to use his inliuonca 1 to promote good order and to avoid any con flicts betwetu ) or with tno settlers Buliuv- lng thut the Iiitroduotioii and aalo ot liquors , where no legal restraint or regulations existed - isted , would endanger the publio peace , and I in view of the fact that such liquors must first bu Introduced into the Indian reservations - tions before reaching the whlto settlements , I further directed the general commanding to enforce the laws relating lo the iniroduc- tlon of ardout spirits into lho Indiun country , ' ' 1 hn nrosencs of lho troops has given a suuso | of security to the well disposed citizens und 1 has tended to restrain the Inwlosg In one ' instance the onlcar In Immediate command of thu troops went further than I deemed 1 Justifiable in supmrtlng the do facto > municipal government of Guthrie , and ho 1 was so informed nnd directed to limit the interference of the military to thosup- port of thu marshal on thu lines indicated in 1 lho original order 1 very urgently recommend that congress 1 at once providou territorial govorniucui for these peonlo Sei Ious questions , which may ut nny time lead to * erlous outbreaks , nro I awaiting tbo Institution of courts for their peaceful adjustment , The American genius for sulf-govoriitnent has been well illustrated [ lu Oklahoma , but It is neither sftfo nor wlso 1 to leave these people longer to the expedients ' which have temporarily severed thorn , ALASKA An Appropriation Asked for tlio Pro tpctlon of Her People , Provision BhoulJ bo made for the uc.juisl- tlon of tittos to town lots ja towns now cs- tabllihed In Alaska , for locating town tites and for the establishment of municipal I . fj M Kovornmont i Only the mining laws hav ' * M been extended to that torrltory , and no H other i form of titles to lands can now * bo ob- H tnlncd , The general lnnd laws were frnmod H with rufr-ronco to tha disposition ot mrricul- M tural i lands , mid It Is doubtful if tholr opera M lion In Alaska would ba beneficial M Wo fortunately have not extended to M Alaska the mistaken policy of estnbllshln * H reservations for the Indiun tribes , und < nn M deal with thotii from the beginning ns In- , J M dividunls wllh , I urn turc.hatter results But . H any disposition nf thu public land * , nnd nny t H regulations leading to limber ami to lho llsh- . H erics , should huvo n kindly regard to their | j H interests Having no power tn levy tnvos , Bfl the people of Alaska are wholly dependent WM ukii | the general government , tu whose rovfl oniies , lho seal fisheries , inako a lurgo annual H contribution An appropriation for their H protection should neither bo overlooked nor i H stinted , i'ho sin illness of tlio population ' H and the distances between H great the suttlu- - meiils offer serious obstacles to the ostnh- t H lishmciit of thn usual territorial form ot I H government Perhips the orgdibntioii of * H sovcral sub districts , with n small miiniclpil M council of limited power for each , would ho H safe and useful H Attention Is called in this connection to B suggestions of the Rccrclnry ot the treasury H relating to lho establishment of another port B of entry In Alaska , and of other needed cut ' to ins facilities und regulations , . 11IIO LAM ) LAWS Iifl A Pnlluy oT Fnollttatlni ; I lie Ulnlnln BJ of llOIICht SoiileiM HJ In thu administration at the land laws , the H policy ot facilitating iu every piupor w y thu adjustment of lho honest chums ot Individual settlers on the public lauds his boon pur , nurd , The nembor of pending cases hud HjB during the preceding administration , bpcu flja greatly increased under lho operation 'of eiders for a time suspending Html action In H n largo part ot the cases eliminating In the west imd northwest , and by tno suhicquunt use of uniiMial methods of crimination Only these who nro familiar with lho ennuiHI lions under which our agricultural lauds have been settled c iu appreciate thu serious nnd often fatal consequences to the settler ot a policy that puts his title under suspicionor delayh the issuance ot his patent Whllo ciro.ls taken to prevent una expose fraud , It i Hja Bhould not bo Imputed without reason ' BV The manifest puipaso of tbo homestond , and preemption laws was lo promote the ffBjB settlement of the public domain by persons : BB havingn boon lido intent to maka n homo nil BB the selected lands Where this intent is 11 > BB established , aud the rcqiilieuients of the v BB have boon substantially complied with , the clnimnnt is untitled lo a prompt and friendly MHj consideration of his case But when there BB Is reason to bcliovo that the claimant is the BB . mere agent of another , who Is seeking to flBB evade u law liitcndod to promote small hold 1' ' H ings ami to Hccuro by fraudulent methods JBB | largo tracts of timber and ether hinds , both BB principal nnd ngonis bhould not only bo BB thwarted in their fraudulent purpose , but should bo made to feel thn full penalties ot BB our criminal statutes Tlio lnws should bo so administered ns not to confound these two BB classes and to visit penalties only upon the BB B The unsettled state of the title to largo Bfl bodies of lnnd in the territories of Now BB Mexico and Arizona lias greatly reBV tarded the development ot ihoso BVJ territories Provision should bo made by ] law for tlio prompt trial nnd final adjustment SH before a judicial tiibuiial or commission of sBB all claims based upon Mexican grunts 11 is BB ] not just to un intollijicnt and enterprising hbj people that their peace should bo disturbed BVJ and their prosperity retarded by these old Bl contentions I express the hope the differBhJ ences of opinion ns to methods may Jiold to . BB the urgency of the case { . Bl lir.i'K.N IHJ.NT PliXIONS H Strong Itrcoimiiciiilnlioii for tlio BB Adoption of n New Law t The law provides a pension for every solBVJ dler and sailor who wus mustered into the BH service of the United States during the civil ; BH war nnd is now sutTerlng from wounds or BB ] disease having nn origin in lho Rorvicu and li 'BBJ ' thu line of duty Iwo of three necessary j'BB ' facta viz : muster and disability are usup.BJ ally Eusccptfblc of easy proof ; but the third J origin in the service is often difficult and I iBBJ lu munv deserving cases Impossible to cstabI I HJ Ush That very many of these who endured felBB ] the li lrdslilps of our most bloody und nrdu- I BB ] ous campaigns uro now * disabled from ills _ I BB eases that had , a real but not 1 BB tracoanlo origin in the service , wo | BB do not doubt Basldcs these there Is / BB nnotbor class , composed of men , many of i HJ whom served on enlistment ot tha three full BB yeais , and of reenlisted veterans who added - . BB a fourth year of scrvico , who escaped tha I'BJB causalities of battles and thu assaults ot dls- BjB ease , who wcro ahvaya ready for any detail , . BjB w ho wore in every battle line of their comBV ' mund.und were mustered out in sound health , BB and have , slnco the close of the war whllo > fighting with the same indomlnnblo and InI'Bfl ' dependent spirit the contests of civil lire , 1 BJ been ovcrcomo by disonso or c isuality / ' .BB I um not unaware that the pension roll nl- ( * ready involves a very largo nniiual expandBBJ ! | ( lure , neither um 1 deterred by that fact from J BVJ recommending that congress grant a pension BVJ to such honorably discharged soldiers and I BH suitors of the civil war ns , having rendered UBB ] substantial scrvico dm lng tha war , uro now liBB dependent upon their labor for a maintcnV | BjB nncc , and bv disease mid cnsualtty are in- J BB capacitated for earuinc it- Many of the men { ( who would bo included iu tills form of relief HBjl am now dependent upon public nid , | [ | nnd it docs not , in my Judgement , consist | } BJ with the national honor that they shall iBl contiuuo to subsist upon the local relief iHJ given Indiscriminately to paupers instead of , BJ upon the special and generous provision of < M the nation they served so gallantly and unjBJ selfishly Our people will , 1 am sure , xory , 'BJ ' gonorully approve such legislation , and I nin [ BJ equally sure that the survivors of the union ) army and navy will feel a grateful Benso of rflj relief when this worthy uud suffering class ( B | of their comrades is fairly cared for There jBJ are soma manifest inequalities in the existlBJ ; ing law thut should bo remedied , To some ! tiB | of these the nocrotary ot the interior has fBJ called attention i'BJ ' It Is gratlfviug to bo able to state that by I'BJ Adoption of new uud butter methods in the ( war department thn calls of lho pension | Bl ofllco for information as to tbo military and { BJ hospital records of pension claimants uro Bl now promptly answered , und the injurious iBJ and vcxullous ilelajs thut have horctofoio Bl occurred are entirely uvoidud This will wBl greatly facilltuto the adjustment of all pendB | ing claims lBl ] THI1 MOW NlATKS IH Tliey are Tltch in IlcHourpcs anil on BJJ Industrious lVopln JH The advent of four now states South DaJjBJ kola , North Unkntu , Montana and WashingMB ton Into the union under the constitution in i H the snmu month and the admission of their BJ | duly chosen roprciuntotlvos to our national BJ | congress nt the snnio session , is an event us BH unexampled us It Is interesting The cortlllBJ cnlcs of the votcsenstundof tlio constitution iBJ adopted In each of tha states was filed with BJ mo as requited by section 8 of the act o' BJ February 23 , 1839 , by the governors of said BJ turritorlos , respectively Having , after BJ a curoful examination , found that * ) BJ the several constitutions uud gov- BJ ernmonts wcro republican in form BJ nnd not repugnant to lho constitution BJ ot the United States , that nil tlio provisions of the net of congress had been compiled , | H with , and that u majority of the votes cast in | H each of said proposed slates was in fuvor of BJ the udnpiing nf the constitution submitted BJ therein , I did so doclnro bv a separate prouBJ lamallsn as to each us to North Dakota nnd M South Dakota on Saturday , November 2 ; ns BJ to luontana on Friday Noiombar 8 , und as JJ | to Washington on Mordoy , November 11 , Bach of these slates has within it ro- .BJ soureos.thodovolopuientof which will employ 'JB ' thu energies and yield a coinfortnblo subsistIBJ oiico to a grout population Tno smallest ot jJB these new states , Washington , stands IJB twelfth , and the largest , Montana , third [ | BJ among the fnrty-two , in area The people IBJ | of these states nro already well trained , injJH tolllgent , nnd pa'riot lo American citlzons , MB having common Interests und sympathies jBJ with these of thooldor stutog , nnd a common BJ | purpose to defend tlio integrity and uphold IBJ tha honor of the nation jjB l > KATH.I > liALI.S JIAILWAYS . IH Automatic Hrnko * mill Couplers DottBj iiiniiiltMt on IntfrHtnto lloailn , BJJ Tha attention of tbo Interstate commerce BJJ commission has been called to tlio urgent need of congressional toiriilatlon for the botBJ tor protection ut the liven und limbs ot these IJH engaged in operating the great Interstuto JH freight Hues of the couutry , and especially BJ of the yardmen aud brakemen A petition M signed by nuuriy ten thousand railway brakeMj men was presented lo this commission ask > HJ lng that stop * might be Ukoa U BJ