TUESDAY- JULY 12, 1960
Summer Nebraskan
Page 3
Top Students Need
"There is nothing so un
equal as the equal treatment
of unequals."
Julius Humann, director of
special education for Lincoln
public schools, was speaking
on the problems of educating
the gifted.
Each Student Individual
He was saying that each
studeril is an individual; spe
cial coaching should be pro
vided for the academically
gifted child just as it is in
music, art and athletics so
he, too, may develop his po
tential. Dr. Marshall Hiskey, direc
tor of the University of Ne
braska educational psycho
logical clinic, agreed.
Even within the group
known as gifted, what a
teacher does with each Indi
how well educated he will be,
he said.
Some educators suggest
that exceptional children are
best off in the classroom sit
uation where a number of
grades are in one room. The
faster students can eavesdrop
on the recitation of the older
ones; the slower students
might benefit from the dis
cussion of the lower grades.
Ungraded, But Accelerated
In the ungraded primary,
children are kept in groups
moving most nearly at their
own rate, Humann said. This
enables some pupils to com
plete in three years the work
ordinarily covered in four, he ;
notea.
Dr. Hiskey suggested, how
ever, that, "by the time the
more adept student pro
gressed to the next grade he
would probably know that
material. Then the enrich
ment of his program would
have to be even grater."
Time: Teacher's Problem
"Of cours, a big problem
is that the teachers have so
little time," he said.
"Each child has different
strengths," Dr. Hiskey con
tinued. "The big question is
whether the teacher is cre
ative, imaginative and has
enough energy to create the
right program for gifted in
dividuals." "The framework for these
programs comes about from
guidance, counseling and
testing," he said. "We know
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Humann
that tests are not foolproof,
but if 'handled properly, the
tests can tell where the
youngster is weak and where
he's strong, tell what he has
and what he needs."
Teachers Must Be Trained
Next there must be speci
ally trained personnel.
Courses designed for such
training are provided at the
University for Nebraska
teachers colleges and Omaha
University.
But there is still a "great
need for teachers in the field
of special education," Hiskey
remarked. "No more than
five per cent of the gifted
are receiving the special
training they need.'
"Educators are very con
cerned with conversation
about natural resources," said
a Montana school teacher.
"I have often felt that the
resource in which the most
erosion and waste takes place
is that of human mind and
spirit from failure to utilize
opportunities," she said.
"The misuse and disuse of
human resources is a uni
versal problem," she em
phasized. "Providing oppor-i
tunities for the gifted child
and challenging his abilities
is the way to combat wasted
human resources."
Who Are Gifted
Who are included in this
group of academically gifted
students and what is being
done for them.
Readers Digest Gives $500
For Journalism Classes
The Readers Digest Foun
dation has granted the Uni
versity of Nebraska School of
Journalism $500 for the de
velopment of magazine and
depth reporting courses.
In making the grant, Ster
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Clifton Hiskey
Boys and girls among the
top five to ten per cent, those
with an I, Q. of 125 or more
and those with a pronounced
talent are the gifted and
should be given special edu
cation, according to Dr. Paul
Woodring, consultant for the
Fund for the Advancement of
Education.
Humann' suggested the fol
lowing criteria by which a
child is judged gifted:
Native ability as meas
ured by standardized achieve
ment tests.
Achievement as meas
ured by standardized achieve
ment tests in language arts.
Attitudes and accomplish
ments as evaluated by teach
ers. Consideration of physical,
mental and social maturity.
According to Dr. Woodring,
there are two general types
of special programs : one
aimed at acceleration, which
gets the gifted through school
at an earlier than average
age; the other aimed at en
richment, which offers the
highfy endowed child a cur
riculum expanded in scope
and depth. The latter may be
peppered with extra foreign
language study, advanced
mathematics and science
courses.
"I'm leery about letting my
child skip grades," a parent
may argue.
Woodring pointed out that
educators today are so aware
ling W. Fisher, director of
public relations and execu
tive director of tne tounaa
tion. said it was made "with
t our best wishes for your con
tinuing and increasing suc
cess in this valuable work."
The grant was based on
plans by the School of Jour
nalism to go into the depth
reporting area and on the
work of a magazine article
class taught by Neale Copple
in the fall semester of
Professor Copple will teach
the school's first depth re
porting class this fall.
In the magazine article
writing class the students
wrote 32 articles, of which
approximately 27 have been
published or will be pub
lished. The publications us
ing the students' work ranged
from newspaper Sunday mag
azine sections to scientific
journals.
Trailers and Religion
Students sold articles to
magazines dealing in such
subjects as trailers, farming
and ranching, rodeos, con
servation, music, religion and
education. Jan Nisker of Nor
folk set the distance record.
Her story about an Ethiopian
student attending the Univer
sity was used by the Point
Four magazine for Ethiopia.
It was published both m Eng
lish and in Ethiopian.
The students provided ail
the articles for the February
issue of the Nebraska Alum
nus magazine.
One Used Twice
An article written by Don
ette Kevs of Lincoln for the
Alumnus was reprinted by
the Nebraska State Dental
Journal. Miss Keys' article
dealt with the cleft palate
team which works through
the Dental College.
Commenting on the award
Dr. William E. Hall, director
of the School of Journalism,
said, "This gift from Read
er's Digest is another tangi
ble indication that the School
is becoming nationally known
and respected.
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Special Care
of the importance of Wealthy
social adjustment and so sen
sitive about past mistakes in
this area that acceleration
probably will not unless the
child can handle It emotion
ally and physically.
"Enrichment appears to
pose fewer adjustment prob
lems than acceleration," he
added.
"Enrichment can be ef
fected in any classroom," he
continued. This method
spares fast learners the bore
dom of drill sessions by as
signing them research pro
jects keyed to their individ
ual abilities.
Acceleration, enrichment
and an ungraded primary
program are all used in the
Lincoln public school system,
according to Humann.
"In a program for grades
four through six, pupils with
high ability in language arts
are in special classes for one
fourth of the school day,"
Humann said.
College in High School
Beginning in high school,
students talented in mathe
matics, foreign languages and
chemistray may enroll in
classes for credit at the Uni
versity. Humann recalled that one
student completed 22 hours
for University credit while in
high school.
Ability grouping is also
practiced in some junior high
schools.
For Summer Reading
The Summer reading lists
are compiled by the Love
Memorial Library staff from
the books available in the
library.
Summer library hours are
7:50 a.m. to 9:20 p.m. Mon
day through through Thurs
day and 7:50 a.m. to 4:50
p.m. Friday and Saturday.
The library is not open Sun
days during the Summer Ses
sions. Mayer, Frederick. The oGals
of Education. There are
two ways to look upon the
aims of education. One is
to be concerned mainly
with the problems of the
schoolroom, to define edu
cation in a narrow man
ner. The other way, which
Dr. Mayer exemplifies, is
to Uok upon education "as
the process of relatedness,"
as the man's most impor
tant undertaking in his at
tempt to fulfill his potenti
alities and to overcome the
idols of the past.
Sevareid, Eric, editor. Can
didates 1960. The editor and
and nine other Washington
correspondents have writ
ten short, readable biog
raphies of the leading con
tenders for the presidential
nomination, erapha sizing
both the candidate's politi
cal background and his
personal qualifications. Se
vareid' has an excellent in
troductory article on the
present political scene.
De Vries, Peter. Tents of
! Wickedness. This book con
tinues the portrait of the
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A second concept among
special educators is that ev
eryone has a gift or talent.
Working on the development
of this idea is the Nebraska
Human Resources Research
Foundation (NHRRF).
At the recommendation of
nursery school teachers and
ministers, children who pos
sess leadership potential are
selected to participate in the
NHRRF project. "We want
to help youngsters improve
their human relations," said
Dr. Don Clifton, assistant di
rector. Student Counselors
"University students act as
counselors for the children
and provide new experiences
for them so they become bet
ter leaders and learn about
others," he said.
"We want them to develop
sympathy and be able to ob
serve and interpret other peo
ple's behavior; to meet a va
riety of people, particularly
types to whom they have not
been previously exposed.
"We don't treat them as
quiz kids," Dr. Clifton em
phasized. "Our focus is on
consideration for other peo
ple rather than on self-improvement."
Emphasis on Creating
A third area mentioned in
connection with gifted stu
dents is that of creativity.
Lincoln school children
who read widely, who have a
rich background of experi
ence and a vivid imagination
may find an outlet in various
forms of creative expression,
Humann suggested.
This includes writing orig
inal poetry and prose as well
as preparing school pro
grams and leading or moder
ating class discussions.
There are outlets for creat
ive expression in art, music,
dancing, athletics and dra
matic skills as well, accord
ing to Humann.
The editors of "School and
Society" say that educators
everywhere are becoming
more widely aware of the
need for dealing specially
with the gifted child. Lincoln
is not lagging behind in
realizing and catering to this
awareness, Humann supported.
manners and mores of life
in Decency, Connecticut,
gun in Comfort Me With
Apples. A series of parod
ies of contemporary writ
ers such as Marquand,
Faulkner, Fitzgerald and
Hemmingway.
Ewen, David. The Complete
Book of 20th Century Mu
sic. A revised edition of the
book which was originally
published in 1952 is now
available. It is the first
book in any language to
analyze today's musical
compositions in all the
major forms. The leading
composers and their im
portant works are included
in this one-volume work.
Griffith, Richard. The
Movies. This beautiful pic
turebook tells the story of
the world of Hollywood and
its effect on America from
the pre-nickelodeon days to
the present. The book be
gins with a portrait of Edi
son and ends with a scene
from the movie "Marty."
Mr. Griffith is curator of
the Museum of Modern
Art film library; Mr. May
er, the co-author, is a vet
eran in the movie indus
try. Shapiro, Karl. In Defense of
Ignorance. The first collec
tion of Karl Shapiro's prose
essays. Some of the essays
appear for the first time in
print. Karl Shapiro, Pultiz
er Prize winning poet, re
evaluates here such figures
as Eliot, Pound, Yeats,
Whitman and D. H. Law
rence. Soft Drinks
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Virtanen Hails Bernard
As Scientific Pioneer
Claude Bernard and His Place in the History of Ideas by
Reino Virtanen, University of Nebraska Press.
The human record often re
veals that many men have
not received adequate recog
nition of their contribution to
man's sum of knowledge until
long after the event.
There was the classic
case, for example, of New
ton's contribution to calculus.
It was not until many years
later that the world of mathe
matics recognized that a con
tribution equal to Newton's
had been made by Leibnit,
Similarly, Justice John Mar
shall of the U.S. Supreme
Court has received the plaud
its of history as the man
who fashioned the separation
of powers between the feder
al government and the states.
Yet we now know that Just
ice Joseph Story was often
responsible for putting Mar
shall's ideas into acceptable
judicial decisions.
In a slightly different con
text, Professor Virtanen of
the University of Nebraska
Department of Romance Lan
guages points out another in
stance in the field of science
where only the passage of
time revealed the stature of
a great investigator.
The author, in his intro
duction, makes the case :n
this manner:
"Claude Bernard's career
the public has found in the
life of his younger
contemporary, Louis Pas
teur. His physiological dis
coveries, if no less important,
had few of the striking, even
made Pasteur the subject of
the best-selling books and
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popular films. There is noth
ing to match the interest and
suspense of Pasteur's work
on rabies in Bernard's re
search on the glycogenic
function of the liver. The
revelation of the body's in
ternal environment was hard
ly as dramatic as the unveil
ing of the microscopic world
of bacteriology. But Pas
teur's sparkling exploits in
applied science are counter-balanced
by the contribu
tions of Bernard to the prin
ciples of investigation, and in
their own way his achieve
ments were quite as signifi
cant." In this compact and read
able study, Mr. Virtanen has
undertaken to explore and de
fine Bernard's influence in
natural science, philosophy,
and literature; to clarify the
philosophical bearing of his
work; and to suggest what
in his writings remains vital
and pertinent for twentieth
century thought.
Mr. Virtanen has with
great skill given as a full-dimension
appraisal of Ber
nard. At the same time
he has illuminated personal
and societal obstacles with
which Bernard had to deal.
N.H.B.
Nebraskan
Want Ado
5 cents word: $1.00 mini
mum. Adi to be printed in the
classified section of the Sum
mer Nebraskan must be ac
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ulide rule. Call GR 7-9724.
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