Wednesday, December 13, 1939
The DAILY NERRASKAN
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it & it
Af Campsa Editor.
Reporter on tblt uh Klah) Tomach
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Randall Pratt Ln Cookulfijr Krlth Ollmore Roncmarjr KaM.
Bunce says trade program
hasn't 'sold us down the river'
i
Iowa economist tells Organized Agriculture group
that Britain and France will buy war materials first
The reciprocal trade agreements
program definitely has not "sold
the American farmer down the
river," Dr, Arthur C. Bunce, agri
cultural economist from Iowa
State college declared in Lincoln
late Monday.
Dr. Bunce was a "pinch-hitter"
on the Organized Agriculture pro
gram at the University of Nebras
ka college of agriculture, substi
tuting for Dr. Wallace McClure of
the U. S. Department of State in
a discussion of "American Trade
Treaties and the European War."
Tracing the history of protec
tionism in the United States, Dr.
Bunce said, "We adopted the first
protective tariff to nurture infant
industries. Many of those in
dustries are still in diapers when
they're old enough to be wearing
long pants.
Hazarding a guess as to the ef
fects of the European war on
American agriculture, the econo
mist said Great Britain and
France will buy goods only
where they can obtain credit, or
where they have foreign exchange
to pay for it. "If they have only
a limited amount of exchange
available in the United States,
they will use it to buy only the
most essential war materials.
Then if any exchange is left over,
they may buy some farm prod
ucts." Sell more, buy more.
The only possible way Ameri
cans can sell more goods to
Britain and France is to buy more
goods from them, he pointed out.
"International credit during a
war means T promise to take your
good3 in return when this thing is
over but unfortunately virtually
no one in America realized it at
the end of the last war,- Bunce
observed. Although expressing
tremendous respect for the politi
cal idealism of the United States
as expressed in the "good neigh
bor" policy of Secretary of State
Hull and the anti-war pacts of
former Secretary Stinson. he as
serted, "Our economic policy as il
lustrated by the Smoot-Hawley
tariff made war absolutely inevit
able. Protectionism blinded us to
realities."
One immediate result of the
Smoot-Hawley tariff was to help
elect a Canadian prime minister
on the campaign issue of striking
back at the United States, Bance
said. This retaliation caused 74
United States firms to set up
branches in Canada within 10
months, causing resultant shut
downs, unemployment and loss of
farm markets in the United
States.
Exports Increased
"American exports have in
creased far more to countries with
( whom we have trade agreements
than to countries with which we
- have no agreements," the econo
mist pointed out. However, he be
lieves the war will at least par
tially offset the benefits which
might otherwise be expected from
these pacts.
During a lively "free-for-all"
discussion following his talk, he
characterized the argument that
"high tariffs protect the living
standard of American laborers
from competition with cheap for
eign labor," as "one of the oldest
myths in the history of protec
tionism." He recalled that during
a trip to the Orient a Chinese once
asked him how Chinese laborers
could possibly compete with the
"terrible efficiency" of the Ameri
can laborer.
California rice producers can
pay five dollars a day for their'
SERVICE, EFFICIENCY AND COURTESY
Hair Cut . . 35c
New Deal Barber Shop
1306 0 Street
labor and still undersell Chinese
producers paying 10 cents a day
for labor because the American
worker is so much more efficient,"
he said. "It's this efficiency that
protects the American laborer's
standard of living."
Dr. Bunce' talk was a part of
the program of the Nebraska Farm
Bureau federation, meeting the
first two days of Organized Agri
culture. Mrs. J. C. Jacka of John
son county preceded his address
with her oration cn, "The Farm
er's Stake in World Peace," which
won her national honors at the
convention of the American Farm
Bureau federation.
Nominees
Nominees for delegate-at -large
to the state organization's board
of trustees included C. Y. Thomas
of West Point; Mrs. Haven Smith,
Channell: Mrs. J. E. Higgins.
Rogers; and Mrs. De Vera Downey,
Ogallala. Voting will take place at
Tuesday's session.
A series of one-act plays and
orations featured the indoor picnic
and entertainment program Mon
day evening.
"Just Like a Woman" was the
title of the one-act play presented
by the Harlan county Rural Youth
organization. Those taking part
were Orly Stolts, Wilbur Decker,
Fob Crow, Eunice Walline, Wilma
Davis and Mary Whittaker.
Members of the Frontier county
Rural Youth group presented, "In
Doubt About Daisy." In the cast
were Iva McNerny, La Vaughn Nel
son, Doris Peterson, Ralph Hinton,
Elvin Foster and Dyall Robinson.
Robert Smith of Curtis coached
the group.
Orations were presented by
Glenn Stevens, Perkins county,
and John Culek, Kimball county.
Tuesday's program will find the
Farm Bureau leaerauon noiaing
its final session, a general meet
ing early in the afternoon, and the
naming of the 1939 class of Mas
ter Farmers during the evening.
Other agricultural groups do not
.start their meetings until Wed
nesday.
Francis Flood, famous world
traveller and lecturer and a grad
uate of the University of Nebras
ka, returns to his home state
Tuesday to deliver the chief ad
lit the eeneral session the
first of four such gatherings
niannpd durinr the week. Now as
sociate editor of the Oklahoma
Stockman, he will tell about his
trip this summer when he was
700 miles north of the Arctic cir
cle. The meeting is open to the
general public and gets underway
promptly at 1 p. m. in the student
activities building.
Engineers map
location of grads
Rpmrna of what hannens to a
class of seniors after graduation
are usually not compiled until
members of that class become
famous, and until then the only
glimpse students hsve of them is
at homecoming or at the time of
an occasional trip thru town.
An exception to the rule took
place this week when the mechan
neerlne department posted
a map showing the location and
occupations of the 30 mecnanicai
engineers who graduated thin year.
nt th rroun five are still in
school two are stuuying aviation
at Pensacola, Florida; two are tan
inc rrnriuate work at other univer
sities; and one is taking graduate
work here.
Virgil Franks, Manager
Thompson is
NFBF prexy
Kenfield, Mrs. Haven
Smith other officers
C. Y. Thompson of West Point
was re-elected president of the Ne
braska Farm Bureau Federation
as it closed its annual conventior
at Organized Agriculture late
Tuesday. The winter meetings go
into their third day Wednesday
with seven different iarm groups
starting their gatherings to bring
farm people from all parts of the
state to the University of Nebras
ka college of agriculture.
Phil Kenfield, Brule, was re
elected vice-president of the Farm
Bureau Federation in their clos
ing session when members adopted
several different resolutions. Mrs.
Haven Smith, Chappell, was
named woman delegate at large
to the board of trustees.
Test results announced.
Announcement of the 1939 sor
ghum and hybrid corn test re
sults will feature the Wednesday
session of the meetings along with
the general session which will be
addressed by Dr. C. B. Smith, re
cently retired from the U. S. De
partment of Agriculture. The
sorghum and corn results win oe
given on the Nebraska Crop
Growers' association meeting.
More than 500 farm women from
all parts of the state will be on
the campus also for the opening
of the home economics sectional
program which will feature the
honoring of county project chair
men. The late Erwin Hopt wiJ
be honored on the Hall of Agricul
tural Achievement. Poultrymen
will take a look at eggs; the farm
equipment sessions open as well
as the honey producers and the
horticultural group. A special hog
type school something new fea
turing a demonstration by W. T
Reneker of Chicago should draw
several hundred farmers. And,
the Fun Feed is billed for Wednes
day evening to which the general
public is invited.
Phys-ed-
(Continued from Page 1.)
and watches and rests. At last I
glance at the clock; only two min
utes to go. The teacher, who is
well aware of what might be
termed "my uncooperative atti
tude" looks too, and then stares
straight at me. "Now we'll all run
around the room for the remain
ing five minutes in step with the
rhythm." With that she begins
counting one, two, one two, one
two, one two, one, two, one, two,
one.two, one, two. Finally, with a
general smile she says "and that's
all for today." So I proceeded to
fall town the steps to the lockers,
as I am unable to get there under
my own power, and I do not feel
that my Lit teacher would appre
ciate having me sit in class in my
gym pants.
What do I hear about men grip
ing because they have to take
drill? I only wish I were a man.
More than one-half of the Uni
versity of Wisconsin alumni live
in the Badger state.
A salamander is the mascot of
the student senate at Mount Angel
college.
Coeds! Fellows!
Don't discard your formal wear.
It will look like new after be
ing altered.
De Luxe Cleaning and
Pressing
The
Buttonhole Shop
Noith of Hotel Corntiusker
124k M St Phone 2-1518
Davis speaks
af convo
Chicagoan attacks
unemployment theory
The theory that more machines
mean fewer jobs was heavily at
tacked in Lincoln Tuesday by
Harry G. Davis, director of re
search for the Farm Equipment
institute at Chicago, Illinois. Davis
addressed the general engineering
convocation at tne university or
Nebraska.
Terming the theory of tech
nological unemployment "a fallacy
if there ever was one," Davis as
serted, "We saw gainful employ
ment in this country increase
from 258 per thousand population
in 1820 to nearly 400 in 1929; and
industrial wage rates increase
from about 8 cents an hour in
1840 to more than six times that
amount at the present time."
The engineer estimated that a
well known low-price make of car
would cost nearly $18,000 each if
manufactured without use of mass
production methods. "If we junked
the spinning machine it would re
quire the equivalent of the entire
working population of the whole
United States laboring from dawn
to dark, 365 days a year, to pro
duce by old-fashioned methods the
amount of cloth made annually in
the country."
Labor-Saving Machines
Introduction of so-called "labor
saving" machines has been ac
companied by creation of new in
dustries and new occupations, to
gether with a wider use of the
products of older industries, Davis
ass ed. This has resulted in a
steady increase in factory employ'
ment He quoted figures indicat
ing that 15 important manufactur
ing industries developed since 1870
gave direct or indirect employ
ment to around three million peo
ple, or more than the total factory
employment in the United States
60 years ago.
Turning to mechanization of
agriculture, the research director
observed, "When mechanization
stepped up factory output to six
or seven thousand dollars per man
make more efficient use of its
labor, if an economic balance was
to be maintained. It either had to
do that or be submerged as are
agricultural workers in unme-
chanized countries today."
Harvest Labor
Referring to partial elimination
of transient harvest labor, he re
marked, "Most of the transient
laborers who used to follow the
harvest from the Panhandle of
Texas to the wheat fields of Can
ada did little good for the country
and still less for themselves.
Many of these former transients
have now settled down to steady
jobs, rearing families and building
homes, he said.
In conclusion, Davis challenged
the university students to explore
still more new frontiers of tech
nological progress.
He will speak again Wednesday
at 10 a. m.. on the Farm Equip
ment institute program of or
ganized agriculture, on the agri
cultural college campus. His sub
ject will be, "New Developments
in farm Machinery as Affecting
Nebraska Agriculture.
Music honorary initiates
six at Christmas party
Mu Phi Epsilon, honorary
sorority, held initiation exercises
Sunday, for six, at the home of
Mrs. Harriet Piatt and Miss Fran
ces Piatt Following the initiation
a Christmas party was held with
refreshments' and exchange of
gifts.
The new Initiates are: Peggy
Ann Cowan, Margaret Ground,
Hazel Frlcke, Owen Kemlst, Rosa
lind Lefferdink and Imogene Mas
tin.
A
ILBAESKf TO HDAEKSE
GUARANTEE
TEN TEAKS OF SI CCESSFIL TEACHINQ
UK. ... LE A. THORNBERRY ?S 2."
t-M Bat SerlM Within 1 BUek t X IlraH
Annual farm
confab opens
with panel
Organized Ag draws
delegates from labor,
industry, agriculture
Labor, industry and agriculture
get their heads together literally
and in person this week as Organ
ized Agriculture opens at the col
lege of agriculture.
Representatives of all three
groups are taking part in panel
discussions, the first of which
highlighted the day's meeting of
the Nebraska Farm Bureau fed
eration.
"All groups have their way of
striking," M. L. Bowman of Has
tings, second vice president of the
Nebraska State Federation of La
bor, participating in this discus
sion, replied to a question on "sit-
downs." He asserted that labor
will never get out of the "kinks"
until the farmer gets his cost oc
production.
Irrigators comment
Mrs. R. L. Haskins of Republican
City, representing the irrigation
farmer, observed, "There never
was a time when we owed democ
racy such a sifting of facts, stick
ing to convictions and intelligent
voting, as we do today." She cited
maintenance of a etrong religion,
as another debt due to democracy,
commenting that wherever religion
has failed, democracy has failed
also.
Others taking part in the panel
discussion were C. B. Steward of
Panama, former secretary of the
Nebraska Farm Bureau federa
tion; L W. Wheeler, Nemaha coun
ty, general farmer; Phil Kenfield,
Keith county, rancher; C. R. Her-
rick, Frontier county,, legislator;
George Healey, Lincoln, attorney,
and Roy Brewer, Grand Island,
president of the Nebraska State
Federation of Labor. N. W. Gaines
of the Nebraska agricultural ex
tension service, was chairman of
the discussion.
Committees appointed by the
Nebraska Farm Bureau federation
are:
C rc-dcntll lbH KonfVul. K4th
and Mr. Kn Smith, ChaiMM-tl.
Rraolntiona M. K Culnlliilu rm.
county; Karma W. Oaler, Adami; i. A.
nrvonnm, nrowa; LMtrr Vaa reft. Hu.
nw: John Ktartr, Kimball; A. L. hmrlr,
KHtta; William Btarhrtl, Prrklnt; Ed J.
Dahnkr, Hitchcock; L Molna Beachy,
KlrhardMa; I. yt. Whrrler, Nomalia; Krr4
W. Morwaberr, SauBden; Hint Rom,
Thornton; Mr. J. K. Hlrstni, Colfax; a4
v. a. Annul. UDDr.
One of the most debated of tha
resolutions which was adopted by
me f arm bureau Federation lata
Tuesday was one calling for reduc
tion of the commercial corn area
to Include "counties having a rela
tively small area peculierly
adapted to the production of corn."
Other resolutions.
Other resolutions endorsed th
principle of property tax limita
tion; conaemned diversion of the
state gasoline tax to any use other
than buildine and maintenance of
roads and bridges; urged adoption
or state ana national "truthin
fabrie" legislation; endorsed the
crop insurance program as applied
to wheat and recommended studies
looking toward the inclusion of
other crops.
The group asked that any na
tional farm program should be
made self supporting and that any
program adopted should contain a
production control feature. Repeal
of federal emergency taxes on gas
oline, motor oils, tires and tubes
was called for and passage of "a
discriminatory chain-store tax"
was opposed.
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