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About The daily Nebraskan. ([Lincoln, Neb.) 1901-current | View Entire Issue (Dec. 13, 1939)
Wednesday, December 13, 1939 The DAILY NERRASKAN I on ag camou it & it Af Campsa Editor. Reporter on tblt uh Klah) Tomach a 1 Randall Pratt Ln Cookulfijr Krlth Ollmore Roncmarjr KaM. Bunce says trade program hasn't 'sold us down the river' i Iowa economist tells Organized Agriculture group that Britain and France will buy war materials first The reciprocal trade agreements program definitely has not "sold the American farmer down the river," Dr, Arthur C. Bunce, agri cultural economist from Iowa State college declared in Lincoln late Monday. Dr. Bunce was a "pinch-hitter" on the Organized Agriculture pro gram at the University of Nebras ka college of agriculture, substi tuting for Dr. Wallace McClure of the U. S. Department of State in a discussion of "American Trade Treaties and the European War." Tracing the history of protec tionism in the United States, Dr. Bunce said, "We adopted the first protective tariff to nurture infant industries. Many of those in dustries are still in diapers when they're old enough to be wearing long pants. Hazarding a guess as to the ef fects of the European war on American agriculture, the econo mist said Great Britain and France will buy goods only where they can obtain credit, or where they have foreign exchange to pay for it. "If they have only a limited amount of exchange available in the United States, they will use it to buy only the most essential war materials. Then if any exchange is left over, they may buy some farm prod ucts." Sell more, buy more. The only possible way Ameri cans can sell more goods to Britain and France is to buy more goods from them, he pointed out. "International credit during a war means T promise to take your good3 in return when this thing is over but unfortunately virtually no one in America realized it at the end of the last war,- Bunce observed. Although expressing tremendous respect for the politi cal idealism of the United States as expressed in the "good neigh bor" policy of Secretary of State Hull and the anti-war pacts of former Secretary Stinson. he as serted, "Our economic policy as il lustrated by the Smoot-Hawley tariff made war absolutely inevit able. Protectionism blinded us to realities." One immediate result of the Smoot-Hawley tariff was to help elect a Canadian prime minister on the campaign issue of striking back at the United States, Bance said. This retaliation caused 74 United States firms to set up branches in Canada within 10 months, causing resultant shut downs, unemployment and loss of farm markets in the United States. Exports Increased "American exports have in creased far more to countries with ( whom we have trade agreements than to countries with which we - have no agreements," the econo mist pointed out. However, he be lieves the war will at least par tially offset the benefits which might otherwise be expected from these pacts. During a lively "free-for-all" discussion following his talk, he characterized the argument that "high tariffs protect the living standard of American laborers from competition with cheap for eign labor," as "one of the oldest myths in the history of protec tionism." He recalled that during a trip to the Orient a Chinese once asked him how Chinese laborers could possibly compete with the "terrible efficiency" of the Ameri can laborer. California rice producers can pay five dollars a day for their' SERVICE, EFFICIENCY AND COURTESY Hair Cut . . 35c New Deal Barber Shop 1306 0 Street labor and still undersell Chinese producers paying 10 cents a day for labor because the American worker is so much more efficient," he said. "It's this efficiency that protects the American laborer's standard of living." Dr. Bunce' talk was a part of the program of the Nebraska Farm Bureau federation, meeting the first two days of Organized Agri culture. Mrs. J. C. Jacka of John son county preceded his address with her oration cn, "The Farm er's Stake in World Peace," which won her national honors at the convention of the American Farm Bureau federation. Nominees Nominees for delegate-at -large to the state organization's board of trustees included C. Y. Thomas of West Point; Mrs. Haven Smith, Channell: Mrs. J. E. Higgins. Rogers; and Mrs. De Vera Downey, Ogallala. Voting will take place at Tuesday's session. A series of one-act plays and orations featured the indoor picnic and entertainment program Mon day evening. "Just Like a Woman" was the title of the one-act play presented by the Harlan county Rural Youth organization. Those taking part were Orly Stolts, Wilbur Decker, Fob Crow, Eunice Walline, Wilma Davis and Mary Whittaker. Members of the Frontier county Rural Youth group presented, "In Doubt About Daisy." In the cast were Iva McNerny, La Vaughn Nel son, Doris Peterson, Ralph Hinton, Elvin Foster and Dyall Robinson. Robert Smith of Curtis coached the group. Orations were presented by Glenn Stevens, Perkins county, and John Culek, Kimball county. Tuesday's program will find the Farm Bureau leaerauon noiaing its final session, a general meet ing early in the afternoon, and the naming of the 1939 class of Mas ter Farmers during the evening. Other agricultural groups do not .start their meetings until Wed nesday. Francis Flood, famous world traveller and lecturer and a grad uate of the University of Nebras ka, returns to his home state Tuesday to deliver the chief ad lit the eeneral session the first of four such gatherings niannpd durinr the week. Now as sociate editor of the Oklahoma Stockman, he will tell about his trip this summer when he was 700 miles north of the Arctic cir cle. The meeting is open to the general public and gets underway promptly at 1 p. m. in the student activities building. Engineers map location of grads Rpmrna of what hannens to a class of seniors after graduation are usually not compiled until members of that class become famous, and until then the only glimpse students hsve of them is at homecoming or at the time of an occasional trip thru town. An exception to the rule took place this week when the mechan neerlne department posted a map showing the location and occupations of the 30 mecnanicai engineers who graduated thin year. nt th rroun five are still in school two are stuuying aviation at Pensacola, Florida; two are tan inc rrnriuate work at other univer sities; and one is taking graduate work here. Virgil Franks, Manager Thompson is NFBF prexy Kenfield, Mrs. Haven Smith other officers C. Y. Thompson of West Point was re-elected president of the Ne braska Farm Bureau Federation as it closed its annual conventior at Organized Agriculture late Tuesday. The winter meetings go into their third day Wednesday with seven different iarm groups starting their gatherings to bring farm people from all parts of the state to the University of Nebras ka college of agriculture. Phil Kenfield, Brule, was re elected vice-president of the Farm Bureau Federation in their clos ing session when members adopted several different resolutions. Mrs. Haven Smith, Chappell, was named woman delegate at large to the board of trustees. Test results announced. Announcement of the 1939 sor ghum and hybrid corn test re sults will feature the Wednesday session of the meetings along with the general session which will be addressed by Dr. C. B. Smith, re cently retired from the U. S. De partment of Agriculture. The sorghum and corn results win oe given on the Nebraska Crop Growers' association meeting. More than 500 farm women from all parts of the state will be on the campus also for the opening of the home economics sectional program which will feature the honoring of county project chair men. The late Erwin Hopt wiJ be honored on the Hall of Agricul tural Achievement. Poultrymen will take a look at eggs; the farm equipment sessions open as well as the honey producers and the horticultural group. A special hog type school something new fea turing a demonstration by W. T Reneker of Chicago should draw several hundred farmers. And, the Fun Feed is billed for Wednes day evening to which the general public is invited. Phys-ed- (Continued from Page 1.) and watches and rests. At last I glance at the clock; only two min utes to go. The teacher, who is well aware of what might be termed "my uncooperative atti tude" looks too, and then stares straight at me. "Now we'll all run around the room for the remain ing five minutes in step with the rhythm." With that she begins counting one, two, one two, one two, one two, one, two, one, two, one.two, one, two. Finally, with a general smile she says "and that's all for today." So I proceeded to fall town the steps to the lockers, as I am unable to get there under my own power, and I do not feel that my Lit teacher would appre ciate having me sit in class in my gym pants. What do I hear about men grip ing because they have to take drill? I only wish I were a man. More than one-half of the Uni versity of Wisconsin alumni live in the Badger state. A salamander is the mascot of the student senate at Mount Angel college. Coeds! Fellows! Don't discard your formal wear. It will look like new after be ing altered. De Luxe Cleaning and Pressing The Buttonhole Shop Noith of Hotel Corntiusker 124k M St Phone 2-1518 Davis speaks af convo Chicagoan attacks unemployment theory The theory that more machines mean fewer jobs was heavily at tacked in Lincoln Tuesday by Harry G. Davis, director of re search for the Farm Equipment institute at Chicago, Illinois. Davis addressed the general engineering convocation at tne university or Nebraska. Terming the theory of tech nological unemployment "a fallacy if there ever was one," Davis as serted, "We saw gainful employ ment in this country increase from 258 per thousand population in 1820 to nearly 400 in 1929; and industrial wage rates increase from about 8 cents an hour in 1840 to more than six times that amount at the present time." The engineer estimated that a well known low-price make of car would cost nearly $18,000 each if manufactured without use of mass production methods. "If we junked the spinning machine it would re quire the equivalent of the entire working population of the whole United States laboring from dawn to dark, 365 days a year, to pro duce by old-fashioned methods the amount of cloth made annually in the country." Labor-Saving Machines Introduction of so-called "labor saving" machines has been ac companied by creation of new in dustries and new occupations, to gether with a wider use of the products of older industries, Davis ass ed. This has resulted in a steady increase in factory employ' ment He quoted figures indicat ing that 15 important manufactur ing industries developed since 1870 gave direct or indirect employ ment to around three million peo ple, or more than the total factory employment in the United States 60 years ago. Turning to mechanization of agriculture, the research director observed, "When mechanization stepped up factory output to six or seven thousand dollars per man make more efficient use of its labor, if an economic balance was to be maintained. It either had to do that or be submerged as are agricultural workers in unme- chanized countries today." Harvest Labor Referring to partial elimination of transient harvest labor, he re marked, "Most of the transient laborers who used to follow the harvest from the Panhandle of Texas to the wheat fields of Can ada did little good for the country and still less for themselves. Many of these former transients have now settled down to steady jobs, rearing families and building homes, he said. In conclusion, Davis challenged the university students to explore still more new frontiers of tech nological progress. He will speak again Wednesday at 10 a. m.. on the Farm Equip ment institute program of or ganized agriculture, on the agri cultural college campus. His sub ject will be, "New Developments in farm Machinery as Affecting Nebraska Agriculture. Music honorary initiates six at Christmas party Mu Phi Epsilon, honorary sorority, held initiation exercises Sunday, for six, at the home of Mrs. Harriet Piatt and Miss Fran ces Piatt Following the initiation a Christmas party was held with refreshments' and exchange of gifts. The new Initiates are: Peggy Ann Cowan, Margaret Ground, Hazel Frlcke, Owen Kemlst, Rosa lind Lefferdink and Imogene Mas tin. A ILBAESKf TO HDAEKSE GUARANTEE TEN TEAKS OF SI CCESSFIL TEACHINQ UK. ... LE A. THORNBERRY ?S 2." t-M Bat SerlM Within 1 BUek t X IlraH Annual farm confab opens with panel Organized Ag draws delegates from labor, industry, agriculture Labor, industry and agriculture get their heads together literally and in person this week as Organ ized Agriculture opens at the col lege of agriculture. Representatives of all three groups are taking part in panel discussions, the first of which highlighted the day's meeting of the Nebraska Farm Bureau fed eration. "All groups have their way of striking," M. L. Bowman of Has tings, second vice president of the Nebraska State Federation of La bor, participating in this discus sion, replied to a question on "sit- downs." He asserted that labor will never get out of the "kinks" until the farmer gets his cost oc production. Irrigators comment Mrs. R. L. Haskins of Republican City, representing the irrigation farmer, observed, "There never was a time when we owed democ racy such a sifting of facts, stick ing to convictions and intelligent voting, as we do today." She cited maintenance of a etrong religion, as another debt due to democracy, commenting that wherever religion has failed, democracy has failed also. Others taking part in the panel discussion were C. B. Steward of Panama, former secretary of the Nebraska Farm Bureau federa tion; L W. Wheeler, Nemaha coun ty, general farmer; Phil Kenfield, Keith county, rancher; C. R. Her- rick, Frontier county,, legislator; George Healey, Lincoln, attorney, and Roy Brewer, Grand Island, president of the Nebraska State Federation of Labor. N. W. Gaines of the Nebraska agricultural ex tension service, was chairman of the discussion. Committees appointed by the Nebraska Farm Bureau federation are: C rc-dcntll lbH KonfVul. K4th and Mr. Kn Smith, ChaiMM-tl. Rraolntiona M. K Culnlliilu rm. county; Karma W. Oaler, Adami; i. A. nrvonnm, nrowa; LMtrr Vaa reft. Hu. nw: John Ktartr, Kimball; A. L. hmrlr, KHtta; William Btarhrtl, Prrklnt; Ed J. Dahnkr, Hitchcock; L Molna Beachy, KlrhardMa; I. yt. Whrrler, Nomalia; Krr4 W. Morwaberr, SauBden; Hint Rom, Thornton; Mr. J. K. Hlrstni, Colfax; a4 v. a. Annul. UDDr. One of the most debated of tha resolutions which was adopted by me f arm bureau Federation lata Tuesday was one calling for reduc tion of the commercial corn area to Include "counties having a rela tively small area peculierly adapted to the production of corn." Other resolutions. Other resolutions endorsed th principle of property tax limita tion; conaemned diversion of the state gasoline tax to any use other than buildine and maintenance of roads and bridges; urged adoption or state ana national "truthin fabrie" legislation; endorsed the crop insurance program as applied to wheat and recommended studies looking toward the inclusion of other crops. The group asked that any na tional farm program should be made self supporting and that any program adopted should contain a production control feature. Repeal of federal emergency taxes on gas oline, motor oils, tires and tubes was called for and passage of "a discriminatory chain-store tax" was opposed. YOU 10 DANCE IN PRIVATE LESSONS