Nebraska Newspapers

    The Da!ly n
EBRASKAN
XXIVNO. 137.
0L,
iNGINEERS TO
HAVEPARADE
Convicts, Monkeys and Ocean
tt" ..fit d d -r
Linen win no
bition to Go Up O Street at
Noon Today.
ALL' DEPARTMENTS THERE
. . ; ril.t. A
MnV interesting
Arranged for Annual Cus-
tom as ran. u'
Week.
Convicts, monkeys, and ocean lin
fIT, will feature In the Engineers'
Week pnrado which will glide up 0
street at 12 o'clock today.
A ship, forty-five feet long, with
drafts of eight feet, has been designed
and constructed by mechanical engi
neering students, after the model de
u'gned by a German inventor. It
represents a sailing ship in which re
rolving cylinders take the place of
Mils. The air currents blowing
against the large cylinders, or rotors,
causes a vacuum on one side and a
pressure on the other that propels the
hip. In the future this method of
invitation may come into general use
on the ocean. Ed Wanek, '26. is
chairman of the committee; other
members are E. 0. Morton, '26, and
George Horacek, '26.
"The Oil Game" and "The Geologi
cal Family Tree" are the names ap
plied to the two floats to be staged
by the department of geology. "The
Oil Game" shows caricatures of the
promoter, the driller, the lessor, the
lessee, the investor, and the geolo
gist. "The Geological Family Tree"
is a jumble of drawings in which fish,
frogs, monkeys, and human beings all
have their share in ridiculing the the
ory of evolution. A sign above the
pictures proclaims "Tennessee or
Bust!" which refers to the recent law
passed in the state of Tennessee
against the teaching of the principles
of evolution. Frank Pospisil is chair
man of the geology float Those who
did most toward the drawings are
Richard Young and L. I. Tucker.
"Highwaymen" will be the Bign
above the civil engineers' float, in
which two convicts, watched over by
a guard, will be at work on a finished
atone road represented on the truck.
The vehicle will be draped in stream
ers and bunting. Walter Jensen, '26,
and G. F. Sudman, '26, will take the
part of the criminals sentenced to
hard labor, while Murray Miller, '26,
is to impersonate the guard. Leslie
Peters, '26, is float chairman for the
"C. E.'s." Others on the committee
are Walter Johnson, '26, D. D. Lewis,
'26, and Leonard Little, '26.
The electrical engineers' float is
to present a "maiden of the tropics"
among her native palm trees, whose
guitar music will pass into a micro
phone. Charles Bryan, an electrical
engineer, is in charge of the entire
parade. Those instrumental in the
staging of the electricais' float are
Charles Harris, '26, and Frank Meis.
A reproduction of the "Cathedral
of Learning" to be built at the Uni
versity of Pittsburgh has been chosen
as the architectual engineers' float.
This building of gothic style is fifty
two stories in height, and represents
the most modern ideas in collegiate
architecture.
All classes of this institution of
10,000 students will be housed in
this building, the cost of which is
at least $10,000,000. Leslie Shields,
Earl Ege, and A. Leicester Hyde are
in charge of the model.
Chemical engineering students'
contribution to the parade will be
a truck driven, they claim, by a new
motor fuel made by atomic disinte
gration. Gases from a flame which
can be seen occasionally are collect
ed and passed through a chemical
scrubbing machine, then given a vio
let ray treatment, condensed, pass
ed through copper coils, and collect
ed in a gas bottle called a carboy.
The agricultural engineers will
not takepart in the parade.
Among the engineers' displays
which fill a number of windows on
O street is the electricais' demon
stration of the transmission of pow
er bv wireless at Latsch Brothers .
Annttiai ili.nl.n nf tha Westine-
OfM V " " "
house big transmission line insula
tors. The mechanical engineers'
window H Ionian aTinnnt machine in
the stares of hoino- huilt in patterns,
castings, and shop work. The gelo-
insts' window display in Perkins and
Huffman's furniture store, takes the
form of a TVannt Dome model. It
lo includes oil derricks built to
cale, minerals and rocks, oil fossils,
nd the model of a mine. A collec
tion A A t-r-i irrrrtt n Vii P
drawings comprises the architectual
ngineers' drawing in Tucker and
anean't window.
A twenty page pamphlet has been
Wbliahed by the scholarship commit-
at Stanford University which ex
Plics the deficiencies, honors, and
holarship awards.
Says Chinese Women
Have More Freedom
As national physical diroctor of
the Young Women's Christian Asso
ciation in China, Miss Vera Bnrger,
who recently arrived in the United
States on her first furlough, and who
is visiting the University of Nebras
ka as a guest of the Y. W. C. A.,
changes affecting the physical free
dom of Chinese girls.
"In ten days travel recently in
China, a man told me that outside of
mission schools, he did not see a
single girl or woman with unbound
feet," states Miss Barger. "This cus
tom is dying out in port cities, but
inland the custom of binding and dis
torting the feet of little girls is
still deeply rooted." She cited an
incident that brings out the fact that
the binding of girl's feet is rapidly
dying out in port cities.
"In 1921 we gave an exhibition in
our mission school in which a thou
sand girls took part The;- gave the
drills and played games with all the
bouyancy and freedom that a nor
mal use of one's feet unbound and
unhampered gives. The grace and
beauty of movement greatly impress
ed the audience and I belive it must
have had a future affect on their
point of view toward footbinding of
Frankforter Will
Defend R. O. T. C.
At World Forum
The last World Forum luncheon
discussion of the year will be held
at the Grand hotel this noon when
Prof. C. J. Frankforter of the chem
istry department a lieutenant-col
onel in the infantry of the reserve
corps, will defend compulsory mili
tary training in the colleges.
At the meeting last week C.
A. Sorenson of Lincoln spoke against
compulsory R. O. T. C. work. The
lunch on will begin promptly at 12
o'clock. No students who do not
hold tickets to the luncheon will be
admitted before all those who had
previously purchased tickets are ac
comodated.
WOMEN CHOSEN
FOR XI DELTA
Society Takes Representatives
From Sororities and School
at Large.
Xi Delta, sophomore honorary so
ciety for women, has announced
its new members for the coming
year. One girl Irom eacn sorority
and literary society and Bix students
from the school at large are chosen.
The new members will be initiated
Thursday evening at 5:30 in Ellen
Smith Hall.
The new members are as follows:
Alpha Chi Omega Lorraine Bou
cher.
Alpha Delta Pi Lucile Sorenson.
Alpha Delta Theta Eleanor Boor-
seon.
Alpha Omicron Pi Eloise Keefer.
Alpha Phi Rachel Parham.
Alpha Xi Delta Blance Allen.
Chi Omega Henrietta Deirks.
Delta Delta Delta Caroline Buck.
Delta Gamma Lucile Ref-
schauge.
Delta Zeta Viola Shadbordt.
Gamma Phi Beta Helen Van Gil
der.
Kappa Alpha Theta Frances Har
rison.
Kappa Delta Alice Leslie.
Kappa Kappa Gamma Edith Sad
ler.
Phi Mu Grace Modlm.
Phi Omega Pi Ruth Barker.
Pi Beta Phi Ada Modlin.
Sigma Kappa Nell Daly.
Theta Phi Alpha Mary McCar-
they.
Delian Vera Coupe.
Palladian Mary Kinney.
Union Opal Bowers.
School at large Louise Freeman
Kate Goldstein, Ida May Cotrell
Agnes Hansen, Ruth Clendemn, anu
Helen Lohmeier.
Canvassing City '
To Collect Old
Stadium Pledges
The campaign to get in overdue
Stadium pledges is still progressing.
The city has been divided into dis
tricts and a committee of about 150
is canvassing every student in the
Universi y who has a delinquent ob
ligation by personal solicitation. The
Stadiuu headquarteis is attempting
to get every delinquent pledge paid
up before students leave tho Univer
sity this spring. Many students who
are not able to pay at the present
time are signing time drafts which
will mature some time during the
summer while they are earning money.
THE UNIVERSITY OF NEBRASKA, LINCOLN, NEBRASKA,
their own children," added Miss Bar
ger. "Tho exhibition was a part of
the Far Eastern Championship
Games, held in China and the Philip
pines." "The costume of the Chinese girl
is mnde up of a skirt and a loose
upper grament. All of their clothes
display the artistic temperament of
the Chinese girl in the color combi
nations and selections. Many people
do not realize that styles change in
China from year to year, just as they
do in the United States. Very few
of the Chinese girls wear American
costumes, even those who have at
tended school in America, do not
wear the American costume after
they return to their native land."
"Many of the girls have had a
struggle with the family," added Miss
Barger, "over tho idea of attending
the Y. W. C. A. school. Some fami
lies still think it is more lady-like to
take small steps and be frail and
flower-like, but the educated fami
lies have quite changed their view
point" One Chinese lady said to
Miss Barger, "I was considered quite
a model child for I sat all day and
never ran or played. I realize now
(Continued on Page Three.)
FIELD DAY FOR
ENGINEERS HELD
Contests and Other Amuse
ments Provided for Program
at Antelope Park.
"Field Day" of annual Engineers'
Week was held yesterday at Ante
lope Park. Athletic events and con
tests entertained the several hun
dred student engineers who attend
ed. Transportation to the Park was
handled by several trucks which left
the University at 9:30.
A baseball game between the
freshmen and the juniors, at 10
o'clock resulted in a 7 to 0 victory
for the iuniors. The game was
scheduled for five innings. The sen
ior sophomore game which was
held immediately afterwards, went
to the seniors by a 1 1 to 8 score. The
juniors won the final game 11 to 3.
They succeeded in piling up a
lead early in the game which the
seniors were unable to overcome.
During these games, H. Hahlbeck
and Fountain were picked as indi
vidual stars by the judges, . Prof.
Sjogren, Prof. Cushman, and E. Cas
ter. Hahlbeck received a $5.00
fielding glove given by the Lincoln
Sporting Goods Co., and Fountain re
ceived a $5.00 fountain pen, present
ed by Tucker and Shean.
The horse shoe tournament was
held at 10:30 with numerous en
tries. I. A. Trively won the singles
and the prize of $2.00 offered by
"Red" Long of the College Book
Store. The doubles was won by M.
W. Anderson and O. J. Gruber, who
were awarded $1.50 each also by
Long.
Lunch was served at 12 o'clock by
the ladies of the Grace M. E. church.
The Inter-class tug-of-war was stag
ed at 1 :00 in the preliminaries. The
juniors defeated the seniors and the
freshmen outpulled the sophomores.
The freshmen emerged victorious hi
their contest with the Juniors for
the championship of the College.
The level race was copped by
Stenger and Egan each of whom
were awarded a $5.00 laundry
ticket given by the Evans Laundry.
Tho chain race, which was staged at
2 p. m. was won by Reiff and Mc
Michel, for accuracy and speed in
operating the level and bar over
a half mile coui.e. Lawlor Sport
ing Goods Co. awarded two regula
tion baseballs as prizes in this event
A fencing exhibition between Moyn
ahan and Clendenin at 1:30 was de
clared a draw. The 100 yard dash
which was run off in four heats was
won by Lee in 10 and 4-5 seconds
iih Halheck a close second. Latsch
Brothers gave a $2.00 notebook as
the prize in this event
Result of the golf finals was: Sur
ber, first; Helsing second. Surber
won with 3 up and 1 to go. No
prises were offered in this event.
THE DAILY NEBRASKAN
Applications for the following
positions on the staff of The Daily
Nebraskan beginning next Sep
tember will be received until noon
Saturday, May 9: editor, contrib
uting editor, managing editor,
news editor, assistant news editor,
business manager, assistant . bus
inesj manager, circulation manag
er. Application blanks may be got
at tie office of the chairman and
of Secretary J. K Selleck.
M. M. FOGG,
Chairman, Student FoMcation
Board.
. May 4, 1925.
PLANNING FOR
MAY BREAKFAST
Committee Promises to Have
"Real Food, Not Hamburg
ers" for All-University Par
ty May 8 and 9.
WILL HOLD SORORITY SING
VV. S.-G. A. Board Asks All
Fraternities, Sororities and
. Dormitories to Close Tables
for Event.
"Good food, not hamburgers," is
the promise made by the food com
mittee for the May morning break
fast May 8 and 9. A delightful menu
hos been planned which will be
served by members of Mystic Fish,
Xi Delta, Silver Serpents and Tas
sels. All frnvernities, sororities and dor
mitories have been asked by the W.
S.-G. A. board to close their tables
and attend the breakfust in groups.
All mothers of University students
are invited and will be guests of the
organization.
.The inter-sorority sing will be the
feature of the program. The soror
ity that wins the cup three times in
succession will be given the cup per
manently. Gamma Phi Beta won the
silver loving cup last year. The
judging last year was based on the
originality of the song, the distinct
iveness of the words, and the man
ner of performance.
A prize for the best original Uni
versity song is being offered by the
W. S -G. A. board. The song may be
written by any group or individual
member.
Frances McChesney, who is gener
al chairman of the breakfast, has an
nounced the following committees:
Entertainment: Katherine Mc
Whinnie, chairman; and Helen An
derson. Arrangements: Ruth Wells, chair
man; Neva Jones and Winefred
Steele.
Food committee: Marguerite For
cell, chairman; Mary Doremus, Mary
Langevin, and Mary Rulhenal.
Advisory committee: Frances
Ment::er, Rosalie Plrtner, and Mabel
Lundy.
Publicity: Eloise MacAhan, Louise
Austin, and Oral Rose Jack.
MISS VERA BARGER '
SPEAKS AT VESPERS
Tells of Advancement in Physi
cal Education Among
Chinese Women.
"The big contribution of the West
to the Orient has been through phy
sical education," declared Miss Vera
Barger, traveling secretary of the Y.
W. C. A. and a missionary to China,
Tue-day evening at the Vesper ser
vicef, which was conducted by Caro
lyn Buck. "The Young Women's
Christian Association is carrying out
the same big purpose in lands far
away as here in the United States.
The Association stands for abund
ance of life. We cannot have an
abundance of life if we do not have
the right physical life. We must
learn that our bodies are sacred, that
they are the temples of our spirits."
Miss Barger pictured the life in
China, as the representative of the
University Y. M. C. A.
"Physical education is a real part
of the whole missionary movement,"
she asserted, as she doscribed the
need for education in health among
the Chinese wwomen and girls and
told how she explained to them the
American conception of physical
education.
There has been little in the reli
gion taught in China about the- sac
redness of the human body, she
stated.
"Grace Coppock was one of the
biggest women I ever knew," Miss
Barger declared. "Nebraska can be
iroud to have given such a woman to
China." Few, to begin with, could
do what the missionary thought
ihould be done, she said; and among
the biggest needs was the establish
ment of a physical education school.
"Many of the girls who came to
this school have never heard ' of
Christianity before, have never heard
of God," she continued, as she des
cribed the physical education school
at Shanhai, which she called "the
beacon light of China." She told of
the joy among the Chinese girls
when they celebrated Christmas and
heard the story of Easter for the
first time. Miss Earger said that
the spirit has been changed complete
1v; that the ffirls have already begun
teaching in other schools and have
gone out real Christians.
Under a ruling recently made by
faculty members, no student of No
tre Dame University is permitted to
operate an automobilu.
WEDNESDAY, MAY 6, 1925.
Will Appear In
Moliere's Play
Darrell Starnes
Darrcll Starnes will play the part
of "The Imaginary Invalid" in the
Friday afternoon and evening nhows
in the University Players presenta
tion of the famous Moliere Comedy,
"The Imaginary Invalid." Mr. Starnes
is a well known University Player.
WILL PRESENT
MOLIERE PLAY
University Players to Appear
May 8 and 9 for Last Time
This Season.
The University Players will close
their season May 8 and 9 when they
will present "The Imaginary In
valid," a satirical comedy by Moliere.
The play will be given Friday after
noon and evening by one cast of
players and Saturday afternoon and
evening by another. Darell Starnes
will play the lead for the Friday
shows and Ray Ramsey for the Sat
urday.
Much of the traditional Moliere
business will be used by the players.
The play is under the direction of
H. Alice Howell. Costumes for the
play are being designed and made by
students of the dramatic department
under the direction of Rose Bogdan-
off, the stage-craft instructor from
Chicago and Carmel-By-The-Sea,
California.
"The Imaginary Invalid" is prob
ably one of the most humorous of
Moliere's comedies and is still being
played in France under the direction
of the French government.
The play is a clever comedy satir
izing the quackery of the medical
profession of Moliere's time. Moliere
mocks the humbuggery of the medi
cal practice of the day. He wrote
and presented this play at a time
when he himself was very ill. He
played the part of Argan, the "Im
aginary incalid."
The story is built around the life
of a hypochondriac, Argan, who
wants his daughter to marry a young
doctor so that he might enjoy his
ill-health to the utmost His wife
wants him to die so that she might
get his money. Upon these two facts
the play abounds in scenes of hilari
ous absurd;ty.
The cast for the Saturday mati
nee and evening show is as follows:
Destroy Dormitory
To Beautify Campus
To beautify the campus and to
make room for future permanent
University buildings, are the reasons
given for the destruction of the ole
dormitory on 11th street near Teach
er's College.
-The old building had lost its beau
ty, and was getting too old for cam
pus use. The University has no in
tentions of building a dormitory in
the spot where the old one stood. Any
future dormitories will be on R street,
to the south and east of the campus.
Barbour Speaks to
Curtis Graduates
Prof. E. H. Barbour, chairman of
the department of geology, went to
Curtis Saturday to address the grad
uating class of the Curtis State Agri
cultural School. His subject was
"The Value of a Diploma."
1926 CORNHUSKER
APPOINTMENTS
Applications for the .following
positions on the staff of the 1926
Cornhusker will be received until
Saturday noon, May 9: Editor,
junior managing editor, business
manager, and two assistant bus
iness managers.
Application blanks may be got
at the office of the chairman and
of Secretary J. K. PMIeck.
M. M. FOGG,
Chairman, Student Publication
Board.
May 4, 1925.
f i
j
...
L .
Dr. Holland Rose To
Talk on World Peace
Dr. J. Holland Rose, of C ambridge
University, will be the speuker at St.
Paul's Church nyxt Sunday evening
at 8 o'clock. His subject will be "The
League of Nations and World Peace."
Dr. Rose lectured at the University
summer rchool three years ago for
two weeks. He is a famous English
writer on European History and has
followed developments, fince the
war, of the League of Nations and
the World Court. He was a member
of the commission appointed in 1918
by the English government to report
on plans which had been suggested
in the paHt for world organization.
INSPECTORS TO
ARRIVE FRIDAY
Army Officers Will Grade Ne
braska R. O. T. C. for Dis
tinguished Rating.
Lieutenant Colonel Douglas Potts
and Major John C. H. Lee of the
United States War Department will
arrive in Lincoln at 8 o'clock Friday
morning for inspection of classroom
work Friday and Saturday mornings
and review, inspection and a practi
cal demonstration of the entire unit
of the University of Nebraska cadets
Friday afternoon. Accompanying
them will be Colonel C. H. Muller of
Omaha, Seventh Corps area R. O. T.
C. vl'ficer.
This inspection will determine the
distinguished rating for the Seventh
Corps area comprising Arkansas,
Missouri, Kansas, Iowa, North and
South Dakota, Minnesota, and Ne
braska. Last year Nebraska, Mis
souri, South Dakota aru North Da
kota Agricultural uoiiege were given
distinguished rating.
The inspection board is just com
pleting reviews of the Seventh,
Eighth and Ninth areas consisting
of all the territory west of the Mis
sissippi river and will come here from
the University of Missouri. From
Lincoln .they will go to North and
South Dakota, Minnesota and Iowa.
Chancellor Samuel Avery and as
many legenU as are in the city will
also review the cadets Friday and
Saturday.
OFFER CAMP FIRE
TRAINING COURSE
Will Teach Fundamentals of
Work in Week's Camp at
Milford.
A national training course for
Camp Fire guardians and college
women interested in girls work, is
offered by Miss Edith Kempthorne,
national field secretary of Camp
Fire, and her two assistants, Miss
Janet McKellar, and Miss Margaret
Thomas, during the week of June
6-13, at "Magic Hill" near Milford.
The camp is equipped with canoes,
boats, equipment for archery, nature
study, first aid and handcraft. The
swimming instructors have their Red
Cross life saving certificates, and a
trained dietician and nurse are in at
tendance during the week.
Lectures will be given by Dr. Wini
fred Hyde and Dr. Herbert Brownell
Miss Delia Marie Clark of the physi
cal education department will have
charge of games and pageants. In
struction will be given in archery,
campcraft, .cooking, handcraft, first
aid, boating and swimming.
Because of the limited space only
fifty girls can be accomodated, and
as women from Kansas, Iowa, and
Colorado are planning to attend, it
will 'be well for those desiring the
course to register soon. The fee for
the entire course except expenses for
handcraft materials, is $18. Three
dollars must be payed at the tfme
of registration and the remainder is
due at the camp.
Further information may be ob
tained at the Camp Fire office, 451
Fraternity Building.
Russian to Speak
To History Class
"Anatole Abraham Mozer, a grad
uate of a Russian Gymnasium and at
present a student in the College of
Arts and Sciences, will address Dr.
Laura B. Pfeiffer's European history
classes today on "The Russian Revo
lution and Soviet Russia."
Mr. Mozer lived in R"ia until two
years ago when he maSe Yik escape
to Italy on a League of Nations ship.
He has spent three years in the ser
vice of Lhe Red army and has travel
ed extensively. He speaks English
fluently.
A psychiatrist is employed by the
college to bring about adjustment of
the mental and emotional problems
of Dartmouth students. When beset
by disturbing emotions or doubts,
students may ask his help freely.
PRICE 5 CENTS
GREEK BANQUET
TO BE MAY 13
Date Finally Set for Annual
Event at Scottish Rite Tem
ple, Chairman J. Raymond
Tottenhoff Announces.
WILL PRESENT PLACQUES
President Carl Gray of Union
Pacific Railroad May Be
Speaker Regent Judson
AIso to Make Address.
The date for the annual interfra
ternity banquet hns been definitely
set for Wednesday, May 13, it was
announced by Raymond Tottenhoff,
chairman of the committee, last eve
ning. The banquet was planned for
this evening but due to the fact that
the Scottish Rite Temple had been re
served by the DcMolay, a new date
had to be secured.
Plans are complete for the yearly
event. Prof. R. D. Scott will act as
toastmaster at the dinner. Regent
Frank W. Judson of Omaha will be
one of the speakers and efforts are
being made to secure Carl Gray,
president of the Union Pacific Rail
road, as another. Chancellor Avery
will also be on the list of speakers.
The banquet will begin at 6 o'clock
and last until 8. The Kandy Kids, an
eight-piece orchestra, will be on the
program as an added feature. Pres
entation of scholarship placqucs to
fraternities having the highest rat
nigs for the first semester of this
year and the second semester of last
year will also be made.
At the time of the presentation of
the placques, fraternity scholarship
standings for the two semesters will
probably be announced. The custom
of presenting placques was started
last year as a plan inaugurated by
the student and alumni members of
the Interfraternity Council to raise
the scholarship level of fraternities
in the University. The banquet held
last ypnr was so successful that it
was decided that the affair would be
annual. About 800 men were present
last year.
Fraternities have unanimously af
firmed the proposal that tables be
closed on the evening of the banquet.
Tickets have already been issued to
the different organizations. These
bear the date of today but will be
taken as admission to the banquet
when it is held next week.
BIZAD FRATERNITY INITIATES
Three Women Become Members of
Gamma Epsilon Pi
Three women were initiated into
Gamma Epsilon Pi, honorary soror
ity in the College of Business Ad
ministration, at a dinner at the
Woodburn Monday evening. The
three were Lenona Kruse, '26, Fre
mont; Katherine Krotter, '26, Stu
art; and Etta MtKee, '26, Big
Springs.
Members are elected to Gamma
Epsilon Pi solely on a basis of schol
arship. Sigma Delta Chi
Elects Officers
Sigma Delta Chi, professional jour
nalism fraternity, elected officers for
next year as follows:
President, Edward Morrow, '27,
Lincoln.
Vice president, William Card, '26,
Lincoln.
Secretary, Volta Torrey, '26, Aur
ora. Treasurer, Judd Crocker, '27,
Omaha.
Quill secretary, Julius Frandsen,
27, Lincoln.
-T
Randels Elected
Sphinx President
Ray Randels, Pi Kappa Alpha
fraternity, was elected president
of Iron Sphinx, sophomore men's'
organization, at the annual meet
ing last night' Other officers
were:
Ed Wellmann, Omaha, vice
president Charles Heinz, Lincoln, secre
tary.' Ralph Bergston, Lincoln, treas
urer. Henry Chab, Dorchester, histor
ian. Glen Presnell, DeWitt, sergeant-at-arms.
Orvil Carrington, Central City,
sergeant-at-arms.
Plans were made for a dance
for the new members who were in-iti'-t'i
two weeks! ago. It will be
held May 15 at Knight of Colum
bus Hall.