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About Valentine Democrat. (Valentine, Neb.) 1900-1930 | View Entire Issue (July 27, 1911)
Must Be More Definite. Common carriers that make state railway commissioners plenty of trou- ftle by flinging at every order or at tempt at regulation the contention that the orders are "confiscatory , non-com pensatory" and contrary to the "due process" clause of the fourteenth amendment to the federal constitu tion , must go about their work more carefully under a ruling of the circuit court for the state of Oregon. A copy of the decision has 'been received by the Nebraska state railway commis sion and has been read with much in terest. In this case the Oregon com mission had issued an order requiring the reduction of certain class rates south from Portland. The railroads asked for an injunction on the tradi tional grounds that the order was un reasonable , non-compensatory , taking property without due process of law , etc. The railway commission de murred , stating that the defendant liad stated no cause of action. District Judge Bean , upheld the de murrer , stating that the railroad had made no showing that the order was unreasonable , but had .merely so de clared. For a Consumptive Hospital. Three members of the four on the board o-f public lands and buildings have offered Al Dann of Kearney $24- 000 for the residence erected there many years ago by George W. Frank , speculator and promoter. The prop erty is now owned by Mrs. Grothan , the former wife of Dr. Grothan , who , until 1907 , used the property for hos pital purposes. The board has not re ceived notice as to whether the offer will be accepted. If it is the property will be used for a hospital for indi gent consumptives. The last legisla ture appropriated $40,000 for the erec tion of a hospital , with $10,000 for maintenance. Fainting Bertha to an Asylum. Warden Delahunty has taken "Faint ing Bertha" to the Hastings asylum. The warden was accompanied by his mother , who is matron of the peniten tiary. The woman prisoner was re ceived by Superintendent Kern and will be confined in a place where she cannot by her actions disturb others. She has been a source of trouble at the .penitentiary . and the penitentiary . medical board recommended , that she "be taken to an asylum because of lack of facilities for her care at the prison. May Use Anti-Typhoid Serum. It is possible that anti-typhoid serum will be used in combating the epidemic of fever at the institute for feeble-minded in Beatrice. Lieutenant Colonel Birkner of the national guard believes that the war department will furnish the serum. State Health Inspector specter Wilson is willing that the serum be tried , if it can be procured from the war department , but he is not convinced of its efficacy nor is he sure that the malady prevalent at Beatrice is typhoid fever. Canned Tomatoes Condemned. Mrs. Macmurphy , inspector for the Nebraska state food commission , seized and condemned seven and one- half tons of canned tomtaoes and per sonally superintended the dumping of the entire amount of spoiled food into the Missouri river at Nebraska City. There were 5,000 cans of the con demned goods and two trips with a big dray were required to dispose of the stuff. Failing to get a restraining order from federal court to protect them from the provisions of the Housh anti- graft enterprise law , the Magazine and Book company of New York has ob tained temporary injunction from District Judge Stewart of Lancaster county , restraining Governor Aldrich and County Attorney J. B. Strode of this county from enforcing the law. The Minneapolis Cereal Mills have also begun a suit of similar nature , aimed at the food commissioner. These suits are all part of a compre hensive attempt toput the Housh law out of business. Coin Turnstiles at State Fair. A new departure at the 1911 state fair , September 4th to 8th , will be the coin turnstiles at the general admis sion gates.Instead of the customary stop and purchase of a ticket at an outside ticket office , the fair visitor will walk to the turnstile and lay down his fifty-cent piece , which drops into a slot , releasing the lock and permit ting the person to pass through. Therefore , when you come to the state fair this year be sure to have a 50- cent.piece , as nothing else will unlock the turnstile. Given Temporary Restraining Order. Chester H. Aldrich , governor of Ne braska , and William R. Jackson , depu ty food commissioner , were made de fendants in an action when the Min neapolis Cereal company secured a temporary restraining order , forbid ding the officials mentioned from in terfering with it in the sale of a break fast food manufactured by it , and from enforcing or attempting to enforce that portion of the pure food law which forbids the giving of any pres ent or premium with any food pro- . . duct. A SLIGHT INCREASE , MOSTLY IN DOUGLAS AND LANCASTER. LIVE STOCK IN THE ME Valuation as Shown by Counties Other Matters at the Capital of the State. Three members of the state board of assessment , Land Commissioner Cowles , Auditor Barton and Secretary of State Wait , met to begin the annu al work of equalizing values of as sessable property. Secretary Henry Seymour had elaborate tabulations prepared for the board to begin work on the equalization of live stock in the various counties. All counties with the exception of Boone and Scutts Bluff counties have * reported abstracts of assessable property. If these two counties report the same amount that was listed last year the total assessed valuation of the state will be $415,744,876 , or $3,606,269 more than last year's values. Lan caster and Douglas counties com bined reported an increase of $3,166- 349 this year , so these two counties alone account for nearly all of the increase in the total of this year. There are 902,743 head of horses in the state , 2,188,818 cattle , 88,484 mules , and 1,932,413 hogs. Assessed Values by Counties. The following shows the assessed values by counties this year and last year , two counties not having report ed this year : 1911 1910 Adams G.732,421 6,640.391 Antelope 4,090,688 4,165,517 Banner 386,580 378,145 Elaine 652,946 435,474 Boone 5,192,304 Box Butte 2,317,867 1,777,375 Boyd 2,283,807 2,518,297 Brown 1,309,109 1,262,324 Buffalo 7.167,656 7,241,112 Burt 5,715,578 , 5,719,319 Butler 7,008.020 7,007,905 Cass 7,977,659 8,070,727 Cedar 5,614,961 5.737,579 Chase 1,041,421 1,055,645 Cherry 2,961,684 2.909,461 Chpyenne 2,220,026 2,188,179 Clay 6,882.594 6,817,670 Colfox 5,072,049 5,109,431 Cumins " ? 6,491,210 6,455,025 Custer" 7,313,249 7,386,813 Dakota 2,589.283 2,615,917 Davres 2,150.788 2,010,593 Da-vson 6,292,237 6,419,847 Denl 1,039,917 1,006,631 Dixon 4,077,420 4.127,806 Dodge 8,491,441 8.506.211 Douglas 40.245,265 37,689,387 Dundy 1.446,806 1,443,628 Fillmore 6,954,186 6,900.406 Franklin 3,673.103 3.597,463 Frontier 2,657,177 2,726,561 Furnas 4,143,118 4,267,703 Gage 11,113,032 11,060,145 Garden 787,281 748,123 Garfleld 606,010 544,342 Gasper 2,122,167 2,173,734 Grant 704,996 702,885 Greeley 2.153,537 2,194,397 Hall 6.929,044 6,821,081 Hamilton 6,566,509 6,602.225 Harlan 3,684,654 4.706,722 Hayes 739,636 765,767 Htchcock 1.873,991 1,889,325 Holt 3,773.507 3,729,542 Hooker 464.585 437,367 Howard 3.835.730 3,798.469 Jefferson 6,787,853 6,781,884 Johnson 4,252,368 4,280,424 Kearney 4,145,663 4,146,872 Keith 2,013.241 2,022.237 Keya Paha 886.657 882.125 Kimball 1,362.294 1,336,961 Knox 4,918.616 4,960,404 Lancaster 21.003.678 20,393,197 Lincoln 4,938.596 4,931,661 Logan 308,347 321,252 LOUP 317,136 296,966 Madison 6,016,568 6,054,702 McPherson 344,132 353,154 Merrirk 4,365,685 4,365,170 Merrill 1.133,316 1,091.557 Nance 3.358,890 3.372,178 Kemaha 5,403,809 5.421,092 Nuckolls 5,483,843 5,449,129 Otoe 8,476,003 8.536,782 Pawnee 5.042.251 5,049.087 Perkins 1.073.226 1,150,899 Phelps 4.545.181 4.664.888 Pierce 4,006.318 4,176,242 Platte 7.754.541 7,753,898 Polk 5.041.205 5.051.064 Red Willow 3,299.230 3,349.179 Richardson 7,013,237 7,004,221 Rock 920.820 911,638 Saline 7,302,201 7,367,762 Sarpy 3.788.865 3,803.449 Saunders 9,407,973 9,528.992 Scotts Bluff 1,671,805 Seward 6,969,746 7,005,632 Pheridan 2.546,658 2,484,079 Sherman 2,769,705 2,761.506 Sioux 1.221,589 1,115,004 Stanton 3.759.162 4,824,572 Thayer 5,739,504 5,724.155 Thomas 534,346 482.599 Thurston 2.840.891 2.006,844 Valley 3,033.689 3,061,629 "Washington 5.184,589 5,228.134 Wayne 4,463.721 477.500 Webster 5,446.035' 4,427.053 Wheeler 553,369 535,320 York 7,872,119 7,908,849 Total $408.910,767 412,138,607 Health Board Reorganized. The board of secretaries of the State Board of Health has reorgan ized for the coming year. Dr. E. A. Carr of Lincoln , after two years' serv ice , has been retired as secretary , this place going to Dr. C. P. Fall of Beat- rice. Telephone Companies are Exempt. Because , in his opinion to Labor. Commissioner Guye , telephone" com panies are neither mechanical , manu facturing nor mercantile institutions , Deputy Attorney General Ayers holds that telephone companies do not violate late the law when they employ girls between the hours of 10 p. m. and 6 a. m THE NEBRASKA HOG. Experimental Station Enlightens as if His Growth. The Nebraska Experiment Station has just issued Bulletin No. 121 , en titled , "Growing Hogs in Nebraska. " This bulletin is divided into two parts. Part I. Part I gives a summary of the cost of growing young pigs to the weight of 50 pounds. The items of cost taken into consideration include the cost of keeping the sow for an entire year , charging for the pasture and the grain eaten , both by the sow and by the lit ter , up to the time the litter reaches an average weight of 50 pounds. On this basis the cost is about $18 to $20 for keeping old sows , and $20 to $22 for gilts or sows farrowing their first litter. This coat is partly repaid by the increase in weight of yearling and two-year-old sows. After deduct ing the value of the growth of foe sows , the net cost to be charged against the pigs is from $9 to $12 per litter when they reach the 50-pound , average weight. The average number of pigs far rowed in these experiments was 9.8 pigs for old sows and 8 pigs for young sows. The average number per litter at the close of the experiment was 6.5 pigs for old BOWS and 6 pigs for young sows. In the test , 44 old sows and 50 young sows were used. The cost of feed charged up against each pig at 50 pounds weight was $2.13 as the average of all sows for two years. This makes the cost of producing pigs up to 50 pounds $4.26 per hundred , which Is somewhat higher than the cost of gains after that weight , provided the pigs are eeconomically fed and sold when they reach about 225 pounds weight. To reduce tlfe cost of the figures given in this bulletin , the yearling and older sows were kept upon pasture alone during the pasture season after weaning their litters and upon rations of about one-half alfalfa hay and one- half grain during the winter season. In winter , for each 100 pounds weight of the mature sows , one and one-half pounds of grain was fed daily ; that is , if ten sows weigh 3,000 poumds they would require 45 pounds of grain daily , with an equal amount of alfalfa hay fed either in racks or cut and mixed with the grain. Upon these rations the sows gained 112 pounds each during the winter season up to farrowing time. The gilts required liberal feeding during the summer on pasture and during the winter following. From 2.5 to 3 pounds of grain , generally corn , was fed for each 100 pounds live weight of the pigs while they were on pasture ; that is , 10 pigs weighing 1,000 pounds received from 25 to 30 pounds of grain daily. Ten pigs weighing 1,500 pounds received from 38 to 45 pounds daily. Part II. Part II deals with the cost of grow ing pigs from weaning time , or about 50 pounds weight , to the time they are taken from alfalfa pastures and put into the feed lot. Seven hundred and ninety-two pigs are included in these tests , which cover several years' work. In general , these pigs were fed less than a full grain ration , most ot them receiving two pounds to 2.5 pounds grain daily for each 100 pounds live weight. The average cost of the grain and pasture in growing these pigs was $3,30 per 100 pounds. It will be seen that this cost is lower than the cost of producing the 50- pound pig , and it is also lower than the cost of finishing the pig for mar ket after he is placed in winter quar ters. According to figures which will be presented in a subsequent bulletin , the cost of feeds per 100 pounds of gain with pigs in dry lots it $3.57 per hundred , figured upon the same cost for feed as that used in Bulletin 121. This bulletin may be had free of cost by residents of Nebraska upon application to the Nebraska Agricul tural Experiment Station , Lincoln. E. A. BURNETT , Director. Made Postal Depositories. The following banks have been ap proved as depositories for postal bank funds in Nebraska ; Blair National , Blair ; Banking house of F. Folda , Schuyler ; Farmers' National , York ; City National , David City ; Central National , Kearney ; Richardson Coun ty bank , Falls City ; First National , York ; Bank of Commerce , Hastings ; Harbine bank of Fairbury ; Beatrice State bank , Beatrice ; First National , Falls City ; First National , Fairbury. Insurance Rates Adjusted. Fiife insurance rates in this city have- finally become adjusted to an unusually equitable basis , and 25 c-enti ; per $100 for one year , 50 cents for 'iwo years and 75 cents for five years is the outside that one needs to pay here at the present time. All agents in the city have authority from their companies to write busi ness at these rates , the drop from $1.95 per $100 for one year which pre vailed at one time being due to com petition w-hich - has been very keen. Breathing Exercises Ella Adelia Fletcher advises : "Close the left nostril , and breath through the right during eight seconds ; close the right and exhale forcibly during two seconds through the left ; Inhale through the left during eight seconds ; exhale through the right in two sec onds. I do not ( she continues ) recom- ment this for habitual Breathing. " It Is highly important that the lungs should be filled with air in these breathing exercises , and that the breath should be retained during the period In which we can count , slowly , from 6 to 12. Then the exhalation should he gradual say , exhale , pause ; count two , exhale a little more ; count two , and so on. The muscles of the lungs will be strengthened and their capacity greatly increased in proper- 'tion as the air is first retained and then completely exhaled. PERIOD OF MATURING Critical Time for Crops in North western States. Short Yield Commonly Arises From Two Causes Lack of Sufficient Moisture and Injury Done by Warm Winds. The critical period for crops in the northwestern states is not usually when the crop is sown , nor during the early stages of growth , but later ; that Is , toward the period of maturing. It Is easily posslibe to carry a crop on that Is big with promise until it comes near the ripening period , and when that stage approaches , the realization of what was promised earlier is not attained. In some instances , it is so far short as to amount in a sense to failure. The result referred to more com monly arises from two causes , says the Dakota Farmer. One is the lack of sufficient moisture to carry the crop to maturity , and the other is the injury that may come from warm winds that blow for successive days and interfere with the filling of the grain. It might seem at first thought that the farmers are at the mercy of the elements , and can do nothing to prevent the injury referred to from either of the' causes named. But such is not the fact. It is true of course that the farmer cannot make It rain , and it is also true he cannot command the winds. Nevertheless he can do much to ward off the injury that would otherwise result from either should it threaten. The soil may be prepared for the crop in a way that will hold the mois ture that falls for a period sufficiently long to bring some relief to the crops , should they be threatened with a shortage , or with injury from undue heat. The preparation called for may be two-fold In character. It may con sist of keeping In the moisture by sur face cultivation , or it may mean the stocking of the land with humus. These may both be accomplished In one season , but more commonly they are resorted to in different seasons. The stirring of the surface soil in volves bringing the summer-fallow in to the rotation or the growing of some crop that calls for cultivation during much of the period of growth. Which of these methods is to be chosen must be determined by the attendant con ditions. If the soil is Infested by per ennial weeds that are difficult of eradi cation , the summer-fallow Is to be chosen. The same Is true of any soil that wants cleaning , if the farmer is not prepared to utilize to advantage the crops that may be thus grown. Where he Is so prepared then the cul tivated crop Is to be preferred to the bare fallow. Humus may be put Into the soil by introducing any kind of a grass or clover crop into the rotation. When the sod of any of these is broken , a large supply of humus Is put into the soil in the form of roots and stubble or top growth. The increased power given to the soil by this process Is very considerable. It is specially helpful when hot winds come , for there is then a reserve , as It were , of moisture In the soil that would not otherwise be there , and Its presence may be able to carry the growing through a critical period where It would otherwise fail. The two processes may be carried on the same season , as for instance , when the land is summer-fallowed and one or two crops are buried during the summer-fallowing process. This may easily be done by making one of these winter rye and the other some quick growing crop on top of the burled rye. The necessity for giving attention to these methods Increases with the wearing of the soil. When land is first broken it la usually well supplied with humus. Each grain crop taken from It lessens the supply. The result is , finally , that the humus supply Is BO low that the soil is not well able to resist the Influences of drought. Wherever the rainfall is short In a normal season , and wherever hot winds are liable to prevail , close at tention should be given to both those methods of warding off crop failure. Marketing Butter. A good way to market butter when one has no Ice , Is to pack , the rolls in a box lined with white paper , hav ing a tight cover. Wrap the box in several thicknesses ef newspaper and enclose it in a larger box. Packed In this way butter can be taken several miles to market In warm weather without showing any signs of melting. Use of Nutrients. Protein , fat nitrogen , free extract and ash are termed nutrients on ac count of their mission in building up new and restoring old tisues. Each of these nutrients has a certain work to do In promoting the growth and maintaining the animal body. Sheep Have Few Ailments. Some farmers raise the objection to raising sheep on the ground that they are subject to disease. This Is a great mistake , because when prop erly cared for , sheep have fewer ail ments than any other farm animal. Turpentine for Worms. Turpentine is highly recommended as a remedy to free pigs from Intes tinal worms. The dose is one tea- apoonful for each 80 to 100 pounds of pit , given once a day forJ three daya tn tuccenion , preferably In milk. HOLDING MOISTURE IN SOIL Evaporation Can Be Prevented by Cultivation and Keeping Surface In Fine , Loose Condition. ( By A. B. GRAHAM , Ohio State Uni versity ) . If every farmer were compelled to haul and pour over each acre of his farm over 200 barrels of water per day , he would gain some conception of tne amount of moisture evaporated from an exposed , uncultivated soil , at this season of the year. This evapor ation varies according to the kind and condition of the soil , weather , loca tion , etc. , but under average condi tions the sun and wind are rapidly drawing from the soil that will mois ture be needed later in the season for crop growth. It is just like draw ing dollars from the farmers' pockets. Now is the time to prevent this loss. Soil moisture is valuable. Past records show that an inch of rainfall in July means $6,000,000 worth of corn to the state of Ohio. While farmers cannot make an inch of rain fall in July , they can carry an inch of soil moisture over from May until July , and that means the same thin * ? . An Inch of rainfall means 113 tons of water per acre. If this is allowed to escape at the rate of 200 barrels per day , it will require only four days to lose the entire inch. Every farmer who falls to prevent this evaporation is losing his share of that $5,000,000. Are you one of the losers ? How can this evaporation be pre sented ? By cultivating the soil. Keep the surface of the soil in a fine , loose condition. Follow the plow with the harrow. Harrow the cornfield before the corn Is up ; after it is up , culti vate often enough to keep a good soil mulch. Don't be stingy with the use of the cultivator. The amount of moisture In the soil this spring Is below normal. Mois ture is essential to maximum crop production. Conserve your soil moisture. Do It now. Helping Out Scant Moisture. The best safeguard against drouth , at this time or later on , is to keep the cultivator or harrow going. By thus stirring the surface soil the capillary tubes are broken , a mulch is formed the depth the cultivator goes , and thus the moisture in the soil below is pre vented from evaporating. It is amaz ing how much water can thus be re tained in the soil , compared to ground not so treated. It is important to fol low this practice at once to conserve the present supplies of soil moisture. Moisture during the growing period of May and June is even more impor tant than during July and August. Crops well started can withstand a later drouth , whereas plants with a feeble start have a poor show against the dry time in midsummer. Save Soil Moisture. Remember that this may be a very dry year , consequently save all the soil moisture you can. As soon as the plowed land is fit give it a good harrowing. Double disk the corn ground and harrow it afterward. Should heavy rains come in early spring harrow after these rains as soon as the soil is fit. The Berry Crops. Keep the fruit of strawberries cool until the time to use or market them. Never pick berries for market when they are wet. Beware of red rust in blackberry or blackcap bushes. When seen , prompt ly dig up and burn the Infected plant , being careful not to scatter the fun gous dust over healthy bushes. Remedy for Scours. The following remedy Is suggested by a Canadian swine breeder for scours in young pigs : Take half a gallon of oats and boil for an hour and a hah . Allow to cool , and feed to the sow , giving nothing else for twenty-four hours. Telling Fertile Egg. There is only one way of telling a fertile egg and that is by incubating it for at least four days , and then testing it with a good egg tester. LIVE STOCK NOTES. Look for the ewes that show good breeding. The sow cannot produce something out of nothing. No animal on the farm will try harder to keep clean than the hog. Hogs greatly relish mixtures of charcoal , wood ashes , salt and the like. If a horse must be kept in the barn In hot weather keep all the windows apen. The importance of plenty of shade during the hot days of summer can- oot be overestimated. Pens and pastures through which the drainage from swine inclosures tiigher up runs should not be used. Old hog wallows are frequently breeding holes for cholera , hence they should be filled and clean places made [ or them. Reduction of feed so that the sows show loss of flesh has a marked effect Df the litters and is the cause of heavy losses. A good pair of draft mares will per form more work on the farm than a light team and at the same time grow i good pair of colts. Where many horses are kept In a barn it Is well to whitewash the in terior of the stables frequently to kill iisease germs affecting horses. A little rape may be sown on the Dut-of-the-way places on the farm for the hogs , and It will pay better than Lhaweeds which usually grow on od The Man Who Sued the Widow. A St. Louis man is suing a widow for $100,000 for refusing to marry * him. He must be one of those iron- gray whiskered men who want to sit on the front porch of a house that was built with money earned by an other man. Houston Post DISFIGURED WITH CRUSTS "Some time ago I was taken wltli eczema from the top of my head to my waist. It began with scales on my ; body. I suffered untold itching and burning , and could not sleep. I was greatly disfigured with scales and crusts. My ears looked as If they had been most cut off with a razor , and my neck was perfectly raw. I suffered untold agony and pain. I tried two doctors who said I had eczema In its fullest stage , and that It could not be cured. I then tried other rem edies to no avail. At last , I tried a set of the genuine Cuticura Remedies , which cured me of eczema when all else had failed , therefore I cannot praise them too highly. "I suffered with eczema about ten months , but am now entirely cured , and I believe Cuticura Remedies are the best skin cure there Is. " ( Signed ) Miss Mattie J. Shaffer , R. F. D. 1 , Box. 8 , Dancy , Miss. , Oct. 27 , 1910. "I had suffered from eczema about four years when boils began to break out on different parts of my body. It started with a fine red rash. My back was affected first , when It also spread over my face. The itching was almost unbearable at times. I tried different soaps and salves , but nothing seemed to help me until I began to use the Cuticura Soap and Ointment. One box of them cured me entirely. I recommended them to my sister for her baby who was troubled with tooth eczema , and they completely cured her baby. " ( Signed ) Mrs. F. L. Marber- ger , Drehersville , Pa. , Sept. G , 1910. Although Cuticura Soap and Oint ment are sold everywhere , a sample of each , with 32-page book , will be mailed free on application to "Cutl cura , " Dept. 4 L , Boston. MISANTHROPIC. V "That's Rev. Dr. Thirdly. He shows you the way to Paradise. " "Yes. I understand that many a poor , unhappy man was married by ; him. " Government Regulation. "You've got poison in your sys tem , " said the doctor to the patient who thought he had malaria. "Maybe I have , " he admitted , "may be I have. I don't eat anything but what Is guaranteed under the pure food law. " Judge. Gray Matter. "I used to think I could hire all the brains I wanted for $25 a week , " Mr. Pushem said. "Well , couldn't you ? " "Yes. But it wasn't long before 1 had to call in a $10,000 lawyer to straighten out the kinks they put Into my affairs. " Many a man enjoys having his wife's relatives visit them so he can be detained downtown till midnight on business. A Triumph Of Cookery Post Many delicious dishes have been made from Indian Com by the skill and ingenuity of the ex pert cook. But none of these crea tions excels PoStToaSt- ies in tempting the palate. " " "Toasties" are a luxury that make a delight ful hot-weather economy. The first package tells its own story. "The Memory Lingers * Sold by Grocers POSTUM CBREAL CO. , Ltd. . Battle Creek. Mich. . U. S. A.