Image provided by: University of Nebraska-Lincoln Libraries, Lincoln, NE
About Valentine Democrat. (Valentine, Neb.) 1900-1930 | View Entire Issue (July 6, 1911)
PREPARE FOR DROUTH Farmer Must Pay Particular At tention to Soil and Crop. Perhaps Most Important Considera tion In Connection With Moisture Conservation Is Plowing .Use Disk and Harrow. ( By H. F. PATTERSON , Montana Ex periment Station. ) It is not possible for anyone to .foretell the season and it is not the purpose of this article to try to pre dict the amount of rainfall during the coming spring and summer months. The season of 1910 was very dry in nearly all parts of the United States ; previous to 1910 we had a number of very wet years. A good many au thorities are of the opinion that the wet and the dry seasons alternate. It is not the purpose of this article to leave this "impression , for the writer has not access to the precipi tation tables over a long enough pe riod. He does not know whether the coming season will be dry or wet , but , in the event that it is dry , it is well to be prepared for it. Then , if it should turn off wet , the extra labor would still bring one in good returns. To protect himself against a dry season the farmer must pay particu lar attention to the method of hand ling the soil and to the crops that are planted. It has been stated that the equivalent of about seven inches of rainfall can be stored in the soil by proper methods of cultivation. If this amount of water is saved and if then there is any rainfall during the growing season , one is quite sure to have good yields. If , however , the soil is not properly prepared and moisture has not been saved , and if then It turns off dry , there is noth ing to do but to fail. Perhaps the most Important con sideration In connection with mois ture preservation is the plowing. The land should be plowed as early in the spring as possible. It should be V plowed to a good depth and the plow should be followed immediately with the disk and the harrow. The disk -will pack down the land , fill up the air spaces , aid in decaying the or ganic matter , and the harrow will place a dust mulch over the surface. This dust mulch will act as a cover and prevent the evaporation of mois ture. ture.Whether Whether or not It will pay to seed a crop upon this newly plowed land is difficult to say. In some instances a quick-growing crop would give a yield and in many Instances it would not. In order to be on the safe side it is suggested that the land should Tie summer fallowed the first season and seeded the next fall or the next spring. By summer fallowing- meant that the land should be culti vated or harrowed after each rain throughout the summer. A good way to tell whether the land needs to be harrowed or not is to study the phys ical condition of the surface soil. If a crust has been formed do not delay the harrowing. If a large number of weeds have germinated and are grow ing , the quicker the land is harrowed the better. The object of this sum mer fallowing is to prevent the evaporation of moisture. The second consideration that means success or failure in a dry re- giea is the crop that is grown. Crops that are especially well adapted to the dry land areas should be used. The quick-growing varieties seem to give the best results. There are both winter and spring varieties of quick ly maturing grains. The Turkey Red wheat seems to be very desirable for fall seeding. The seed should be sown quite early in the fall. This will give opportunity for a good root development. Then again , the fall sowing permits the grain to start T ry early the next spring. Because of these characteristics Turkey Red wheat will mature before the dry weather of July and August. If one is to sow a spring grown crop he should also secure a variety that will mature in as short a time as possible and one that has a hardy root growth. These characteristics will tide the plant over a dry spell ana no doubt will mature a crop. Too much emphasis cannot be placed upon the method of handling the land and in choosing the varie ties of grain that are used. Humus in Orchard Soil. The humus loosens the soil particles which in turn increases its water ca pacity. The humus is essential for the growth of the beneficial bacteria in the soil. One of the most important parts that a cover crop plays is its ability to change chemically the com pounds of the soil and put them in an available form for the trees. The clover crop gathers , digests and turns over to the trees the plant food which it has stored. Nitrate of Soda for Vegetables. Lay in a supply of nitrate of soda for use on the early vegetables to stimulate them. Its use is indicated for beans , pease , radishes , onions and lettuce. Give it in solution , one ounce to two gallons of water , applied half a pint to a plant if large or a foot of row , if small , applied in a drill . made along the rows , and covered wifh dry soil for a mulch. Cultivating the Soil. Keep the surface of the soil as loose and fine as possible and the soil will not lose moisture by evaporation. A good hoeing is often beneficial as * . good rain in dry weather. GROW ALFALFA ON DRY LAND Excellent Plan to Select Strain That Grows Coarse , Strong Stalk Drill Seed Carefully. In adapting alfalfa to dry fanning a very good plan is to select a strain that grows a coarse , strong stalk , use the same strain of seed year after year and thus adapt the plant to local con ditions. We would prefer to pay a dollar a pound for seed grown several years under such conditions than to use seed at market prices that has not been acclimated. The alfalfa seed from Turkestan which the agricultu ral department foisted on us several years ago is not suited to high table lands and does better in fields under irrigation which is just contrary to the dope that was handed out to us by the alleged scientists , says the Den ver Field and Farm. We should say that a sufficient quantity to sow on dry land is to drill in eight pounds of seed the acre , using any of the up- to-date styles of corn planters that carry an onion seed plate with holes thirteen sixty-fourths of an inch in di ameter. Drill the seed carefully to the depth of an inch. The soil should be in perfect condition to assure germi nation of a full and even stand. Hav ing drilled the seed with a two-row corn planter , the drills are just right to be cultivated with a common two- row riding plow. , The shovels should be run to a depth of three inches and thus compel the alfalfa roots to keep below the three-inch soil mulch. It will probably be necessary to cultivate five times during the season and also to break the soil crust after each rain so as to lessen the loss of moisture. Early in the season until the growth is six inches in height harrow across the rows with a slant-tooth drag. GOOD OATS FOR DRY FARMING Best Plan to Sow Two Varieties , Kherson for Early Crop and Swed ish Select for Late. ( By J. E. PAYNE , Colorado Agricultural College. ) Of the many varieties of oats which we have tested on irrigated land , the Kherson and Sixty-day have generally made the best yields of grain. This has been because these varieties are early-maturing. Usual ly , the earliest variety of oats will give the best results on unirrigated land ; but some years the drought comes just as the early varieties are heading or filling. They are then cut short. It often happens that rain comes just a few days too late to make the early oats fill well. In such a time , a variety which ripens ten days or two weeks later will be head ing just at the right time to be bene fited by the rain which was too late for the early variety. In this case , the later variety will make a good crop when the early one will fail. With these facts before us , we can see that it is a good plan to sow two varieties of oats : Kherson for early , and Swedish Select , or Colorado No. 37 , for the late variety ; then , if drought strikes either variety , it may give a small yield of hay. The later varieties of oats will usually make more straw than the early ones , so they may be planted for hay. Land which has been in corn the year be fore , and has been given clean culti vation , will usually furnish a good seedbed for oats by double-disking the corn stubble. Increase Laying Capacity. Every intelligent poultry raiser can develop a strain of chickens with in creased laying capacity by observing his flock , especially the young stock during the fall , selecting the pullet's commencing , or preparing to lay , and thus prepare for next season's breed' ing a pen of birds that have functions of egg production strongly developed. FARM NOTES. If you have never grown head let tuce try it for the first time this sea son. Onions , cabbage , and tomatoes are good crops for the owner of an acre tract. Next to the mowing machine in im portance in alfalfa harvest is the side delivery rake. Once a week all manure should be cleaned away from th $ > barns and all refuse disposed of. When watering plants do not force water against the plant ; let it fall in the form of a shower. Care for the young animals so their growth will not be stunted. Keep them growing all the time. If you have some fine tomato vines on which the fruit is being sun-scald ed fix them up a little shade. After the hay is off the meadow we can see its thin spaces better. Get busy with the manure spreader. The succulent grasses are rich in muscle and bone forming materials , and are loosening and cooling to the system. Keep up your dust mulch. The late vegetables will suffer severely for moisture during the dry , hot weather if you neglect this. During the hot weather the garden should receive very frequent cultiva tion to keep down the weeds and con serve the moisture. Every gardener should now "make hay while the sun shines. " It is very essential that we cultivate our plants while they are young. As soon as the crop appears above ground it needs cultivation , both to kill the weeds and to admit the air to the roots of the plants. Cucumbers for pickles should be picked every alternate day at least. Cut them , but never pull them 'off , as the vines are liable to be injured. OBJECT LESSON HERE METHODS OF TRUST MADE EX CEEDINGLY PLAIN. low Prohibitory Tariff , Falsely Called "Protective , " Works Under Business Methods That Are at Present in Vogue. What should easily be shown as an "unreasonable" restraint of trade exists in the case of the International Paper company if the detailed state ment made by Mr. Norris in behalf of the American Newspaper Publishers' association be true. He told the sen ate committee on finance where Sen ator Root's friends are trying with his help to defeat Canadian reciprocity by defeating the wood pulp and paper clause the old familiar story of trusts and combines. Bankrupt and antiquated paper mills have been brought up and "taken in , " while by agreement a reasonable purchaser of print paper.Is deprived of an opportu nity to buy paper at fair market prices. Production Is restricted to 35 per cent , of modern equipment , while dividends are paid on the' combined capital of $40,000,000. Prices are marked up , secretly and purchase at the mills is refused , the reason of the latter being that the paper makers do not want a public quotation of prices. Dovetailing with these tried and true trust methods is the practice of shutting down work at mills in this country , leaving much labor idle , while Canadian mills are allowed to sell here to their advantage and to that of Canadian labor. There are other features , such as a gigantic woodland speculation by this International Paper company , which is now , in the words of Mr. Norris , "asking congress to put a premium on the antiquity of plants in mills that were verging on bankruptcy thir teen years ago. " The whole situation , in brief , is that of a close combine controlling the American market , making prices In secret , shutting out American labor in idleness , restrict ing the use of paper and paying divi dends on an enormous capitalization , while the capacity represented in doIng - Ing this amounts to only 35 per cent , of modern equipment. To "cinch" this situation the combine is having the help of American senators to break the proposed reciprocity agree ment. There Is nothing new In all this. It Is the old , old story of the workings of a prohibitory tariff called "pro tective. " It is retold because of the efforts now of the American people to give themselves a bit of freedom to buy at normal prices. This effort of monopoly may not fall here and now , but it is on the road to failure. The people are beginning to get their eyes opened. Reform real reform like revolutions does not go back ward. The longer that monopoly puts off the day of settlement the more It will have to pay when the day does come. Indianapolis News. Reasonable. In the past few years , especially , the people have become very familiar with the doctrine of "reasonableness" in court decisions. The power of regulation of corpora tions , for example , is upheld by the courts ; but , with or without express provision in the regulatory statutes , the courts have uniformly ruled of late years that control of rates or of ser vice must permit a reasonable profit. They have even declared what are reasonable profits in specific cases as the six per cent rule in the consoli dated gas case. With this in mind , It would seem that the recognition of "the rule of reason" in construing the Sherman anti-trust act Is hardly as unprecedent ed and revolutionary as some states men appear to regard it. The whole subject of the relation of courts to statutes , to the constitution , to the po lice power of the people , etc. , may pre sent a problem of readjustment. But there seems , at any rate , to have been a quite consistent development or ex ercise of judicial power along these Unes. Name the Man ! Seven years a go a president of the United States invited to the White House a New York railway magnate and speculator and discussed with him the raising of a great campaign fund for use In this state at the elec tion then approaching , which was done. The same president made his commissioner of corporations chairman of the national party committee , and after the election , in which he was successful , named him as a member of his cabinet. In that campaign this office-holder-on-leave secured contri butions among others , from the Stand ard Oil company , which had been un der prosecution in several states. We do not believe that one of these things could be done today without in stant public condemnation. New York World. The World should name the presi dent capable of such grossness. For Consideration. Considering that the steel interests have usually fixed the tariff duties to suit themselves , why should Judge Gary not be satisfied as it Is instead of suggesting that the government also fix prices for Its products. Sup pose a government were , under the Gary system , to guarantee the steel trust lower prices than it favored , would the steel trust punish the gov ernment ? ABUSE OF CORPORATE POWER Exportation of Quinine a Case From Which Profitable Lesson May Be Learned. One of the items of ship news pub llshed In Philadelphia papers Is to the effect that a ton of quinine. In capsules , has just been shipped to Brazil. A few years ago our tariff rate on Peruvian bark , from which quinine is made , was so high that sick folks were forced to pay $5 an ounce for quinine. There was no possible "protection" reason for any such duty , as the bark was not produced could not be produced in this coun try. Finally the duty was removed and the price of quinine fell to 70 cents ai ounce. Now , as shown by the Philadelphia news item , we are able to manufac ture the quinine , put it up In capsules and export It by the ton right back to the section from which the bark comes. Manipulation of steel common by in siders has been the scandal of Wall street. Credulous Investors have been robbed of millions by jackscrewlng the stock up and down to suit the purposes of the steel gamblers. If congress wishes to do the coun try a tangible service. It will put an end to this reprehensible abuse of corporate power. That Steel Trust Scandal. One object in connection with the coming Investigation of the steel trust Is to secure and give to the public the facts concerning the absorption of the Tennessee Coal and Iron company by the great corporation. Permission for this merger was one of the scandals of the time and of the Roosevelt administration. No serious question was raised of the lack of power , under the Sherman law , to prevent absorption. One day , however , Mr. Morgan paid a visit to the White House. After that , the steel trust absorbed the Tennessee company , with no least show of opposition on the part of the administration. Mr. Roosevelt's admirers always have asserted that he Is the soul of honor that no successful attack could * be made upon his honesty. If the proopsed investigation shall result in making known to the people the facts and Influences behind what was and Is regarded as a gross per version of law and justice , the coun try will have occasion to render ver diet on such assertion : "Destructive Competition. " To the Stanley committee Messrs. Roberts and Gayley talked about the necessity of stopping "destructive competition" as if the steel interests were exposed to some different sort of. competition from other forms of business. This Is a mistake. The competition which Messrs. Gayley and Roberts talk about as though it were a conflagration or an earthquake , or some other portentous calamity , Is just the plain , ordinary competition that all merchants and much the greater part of the manufa-turers are exposed to , and to maintain which was the sole purpose of the Sherman law. The steel manufacturers are as well able to stand it as the dealers in groceries , but , being fewer in num ber , it Is possible for them to agree on prices , or consolidate their inter ests , and suppress the competition which the merchants and most of the manufacturers must face through the whole of their business careers. How It Looks in Washington. The report from Washington that as the weather grows warmer the states men are talking of an early adjourn ment Indicates that no tariff legisla tion , outside of the Canadian reciproc ity treaty , is to be hoped for at this session. The congressmen should no't be deceived , however , with the idea that their splutter to get away from Washington on account of the weather will fool the country as to the real motive that prompts the talk of ad journment. Botn parties are on trial in the ex tra session. Great opportunity Is offered for giving the people relief from a tariff burden Imposed for the benefit of the special Interests , and an adjournment without accomplish ing definite and specific results in the way of tariff revision will indicate that neither party Is ready to face the responsibility of incurring the enmity of the protected Interests with a na tlonal campaign just ahead of them. Inconsistent. The government's prosecution of the lumber trust is based on the theory that the alleged "combination in re straint of trade" has made prices un duly high. It is , therefore , by the government's contention , an "unrea sonable restraint" within the rule just declared by Chief Justice White. The motive of the prosecution is ad mirable. But the government's right eous zeal to prevent the trust from holding up prices is strangely incon sistent with the same government's giving the same trust Its one greaf weapon of extortion the tariff 01 lumber. Beef Trust and the Courts. The beef trust insists that the only way for it to find out whether its re straint of trade is likely to be consid < ered reasonable or unreasonable by the court is to go ahead , restraining until the court decides on its particu lar case. And if fertility in obstructive resource can prevent the court from ever reaching a decision , why all the better. ft PUTTING IT RATHER NEATLY Piece of Humor That Lifted Diffident Professor to the Highest Summits of Joy. It Is told that after Professor Ay- toun had made proposals of marriage to Miss Emily Jane Wilson , daughter of Christopher North , he was , as a matter of course , referred to her fa ther. As the professor "was uncom monly diffident , he said to her : "Emily , my dear , you must speak to him for me. I could not summon courage to speak to the professor on this subject. " "Papa is in the library , " said the lady. "Then you had better go to him , " said the professor , "and I will wait here. " There being apparently no help for it , the lady proceeded to the library. "Papa's answer is pinned to the back of my dress , " said Miss Wilson , as she re-entered the room. ' Turning around , the delighted suitor read these words : "With the author's compliments. " Success. UNDERTAKING FOR MISSIONARY. "There are a good many thankless jobs. " "Such as trying to make vegetarians of the cannibals. " BABY'S HAIR ALL CAME OUT "When my first baby was six months old he broke out on his head with little bumps. They would dry up and leave a scale. Then it would break out again and it. spread all over his head. All the hair came out and his head was scaly all over. Then his face broke out all over in red bumps and It kept spreading until it was on his hands and arms. I bought several boxes of ointment , gave him blood medicine , and had two doctors to treat him , but he got worse all the time. He had it about six months when a friend told me about Cuticura. I sent and got a bottle of Cuticura Resolvent , a cake of Cuticura Soap and a box of Cuticura Ointment. In three days after using them he began to improve. He began to take long naps and to stop scratching his head. After taking two bottles of Resolvent , two boxes of Ointment and three cakes of Soap he was sound and well , and never had any breaking out of any kind. His hair came out in little curls all over his head. I don't think anything else would have cured him except Cuticura. "I have bought Cuticura Ointment and Soap several times since to use for cuts and sores and have never known them to fail to cure what I put them on. I think Cuticura Is a great remedy and would advise any one to use it. Cuticura Soap is the best that I have ever used for toilet purposes. " ( Signed ) Mrs. F. E. Harmon , R. F. D. 2 , Atoka , Tenn. , Sept. 10 , 1910. With Emphasis. Mistress ( hastily sticking a finger into either ear ) Kittie , for heaven's sake ! what does that frightful noise and profanity in the kitchen mean ? Kittie Oh , that's nothin' , ma'am ! It's on'y cook rejectin' a propos'l av marrij from the ashman ! Harper's Bazar. SPOHN'S DISTEMPER CURE will cure any possible case of DISTEMPER , PINK EYE , and the like among horses of all ages , and prevents all others in the same stable from having the disease. Also cures chicken cholera , and dog distemper. Any good druggist can supply you , or send to mfrs. 50 cents and $1.00 a bottle. Agents wanted. Free book. Spohn Medical Co. , Spec. Contagious Diseases. Gcshen , Ind. , Bribery. Mrs. M. Who did you vote for ? Mrs. N. I don't remember his name. He gave me his seat in the street car last week. If you make a fool of yourself don't take it too much to heart. The world is full of people who are kicking themselves. If you want to be up with the lark In the morning , beware o the swal lows at night. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ M lira. Wlnaiow's Boothln- syrup for Children teething , soften * the framn , reduces Inflamma tion , allays pain , cure * wind colic , 25c & bottls. "Familiarity breeds contempt" ! one of the rules that work both ways. Chow and smoke un taxed tobacco , cheap and nndoped. Ucriirether Jt Edwards , Ularkrrillc.Tenn. If a girl is in love with a young man she can't see any one else in a crowd. OWES HER HEALTH To Lydia E. Pinkham's Vegetable Compound Scottville , Mich. "I want to tefl you how much good LydiaE.Pinkham's Vegetable Com pound and Sanativa > Vash have done me. . I live on a farm and have worked very hard. I am forty- five years old , and am the mother of thirteen children- Many people think it strange that I am not broken down with hard work ancl the care of my fam ily , tut I tell them of my good friend , your Vegetable Compound , and that there will be no backache and bearing down pains for them if they will taka it as I have. I am scarcely ever with * out it in the house. "I will say also that I think there ia no better medicine to be found foe young girls to build them up and maka them strong and well. My eldest * Saughter has taken Lydia E. Pink- ham's Vegetable Compound for pain * ful periods and irregularity , and it has always helped her. "I am always ready and willing tci speak a good word for the Lydia B : Hnkham's Remedies. I tell every ona I meet that I owe my health and hap * piness to these wonderful medicines. ' * . Mrs. J. G. JOHNSON , Scottville , Mich J E.P.D. 8. J Lydia E.Pinkham's Vegetable Com pound , made from native roots and } herbs , contains no narcotics or harm ful drugs , and to-day holds the record for the largest number of actual cure * of female diseases. Make the Liver Do its Duty Nine times in ten when the liver id right the stomach and bowels are right CARTER'S LITTLE LIVER PILLS gently butfirmly com ; pel a lazy liver CARTERS do its duty. Cures Constipation - , ITTLE stipation , Indigestion - IYER digestion , PILLS. Sick Headache , ' and Distress After Eating. SMALL PILL , SMALL DOSE , SMALL PRICE , Genuine must bear Signature Established 30 Years FLORISTS Floral emblems and cut flowers for all occasions. SIOUX CITY , IOWA DAISY FLY KILLERflln. flln. Neat , clean , ornamental , conrcn. ien , cheap. LaiUall staioo. Can'tspiilot tip oirer , will not soil or Injure anything. Guaranteed eticct- * . Of all dealers ot sent prepaid for 20c. HAROLD BOHEE3 ISO Do Ealb ATS. Brooklyn , 5. Y. of this paper desiring - siring to buy anything adver tised in its columns should insist upon having what they ask for , refusing all substitutes or imitations. Allen's UlcerineSalvecuresChroniclHcers-Bone UlcersScrofulou8tIlcer8.VarlcoH Ulcersln- dolent UlcersMercnrlal Ulcers.AVhite SweJl- Iner.Milk LejrFeverSore8all id ore . F uiirljno failure. Bjrmail&Oe. J .P.ALLEI , Dcpt.A7St.Paul31ina. 0" Booklets "Why They More to Kortt " " * DollarsT Dakota"and"DirtThatGr < ms They'll Interest farmers , they're free. Write .Nonrif. EKX IXZIGOATIOX ASSOCIATION , FAUCI ) , SOUTH DAKOTA W. N. U. SIOUX CITY , NO. 27-1911. 'Discouraged The expression occurs so many times in letters from sick women , "I was completely discouraged. " And there is always good reason for the discouragement. Years of pain and suffering. Doctor after doctor tried in vain. Medicines doing no lasting good. It is no wonder that the woman feels discouraged. Thousands of these weak and sick women have found health and courage regained as the result of the use of Dr. Pierce's Favorite Prescription , It establishes regularity , heals inflammation and ulcera * tion , and cures weakness. IT MRKES WE3K WOMEN STROXG 3KD SIGK WOMEN WELL. Refuse substitutes offered by unscrupulous druggists for this reliable remedy. Sick women are invited to consult by letter , free. All correspondence strictly private and sacredly confidential. Write without fear and without fee to World's Dispensary , R. V. Pierce , M. D. , Pres't , Buffalo , N. Y. Dr. Pierce's Pleasant Pellets regulate and invigorate stomach , liver and bowels Sugar-coated , tiny granules , easy to take as candy.
