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About Western news-Democrat. (Valentine, Neb.) 1898-1900 | View Entire Issue (April 13, 1899)
FAIR TO FILIPINOS. PURPOSE OF UNITED STATES IS SET FORTH. Proclamation Issued by the American Commissioners Promises Home Kule , Religions jrrcedonii Justice nml Friendship -Agninuldo Quits Lmzora The United States Philippine commis sion Tuesday issued a proL-lauintion at Manila containing 1,500 words to the in habitants of the islands. The i > : ii > er , which was prepared by President Schur- itc rnann of the commission , outlines the re * , , sponsibilities of the United States in the Philippines , and states that the object of the American Government is to elevate the Philippine people. The hostilities UOAV prevailing are de plored and are attributed to the Filipinos misunderstanding the purposes of the United Suites. The commission asks the co-operation of the people for the estab lishment of n better understanding and invites attention to the following regulat ing principles by which the United States may be guided : Conditions Clearly Defined. 1. American supremacy must be en forced. 2. The most ample liberty possible Avill be granted. 3. Ail civil rights are guaranteed. 4. Honor forbids use of the Philippines as a means of exploitation. 5. An effective civil service is guaran teed. fi. An honest , fiscal administration is promised. 7. All corruption will be eradicated. S. Public works of all kinds will be pro moted. 0. Foreign trade- and commerce will be Costered. 30. Schools will be established. 11. Reforms in nil departments of the government of the islands are promised. The proclamation is signed by Jacob Gould Schurmann , George Dewey , Elwell S. Otis , Charles Denby and Dean C. " > Vor- cestcr. In conclusion the proclamation says : "Such is the spirit in which the United States romes to the people of the island jind the President has instructed the com mission to make this publicly known. "Obeying his behests , the commission ers desire to join the President in express ing their good will toward the Philippine people , and to extend to the leading repre sentative men an invitation to meet them for the purpose of personal acquaintance .and the exchange of views and opinions. " Junta Advises Ajruinoldo. It is reported that Aguinaldo , on advice of the Filipino junta in Hong Kong , will abandon Luzon and go to Mindanao , the southern island of the Philippine group , -and endeavor to continue the insurrection there and on the adjoining islands of Ne- sros , Cebu and Bohol. It is expected that the Sultan of Sulu Avill lend him support. REBELLION IS WANING. Commissioners , in a Long Telegram to McKinley , Confirm Otis' Advices. President McKiuley received a long tel egram from the Philippine commissioners Tuesday confirming the encouraging ad vices telegraphed by Gen. Otis aud an nouncing that they had taken advantage of the favorable opportunity to issue a proclamation to the people. They stated I that in their opinion the rebellion was practically over. The troops Avill hold positions already captured and scouting parties Avill be sent out to look after the scattered bands of insurgents that have fled in different directions. The commission reports that the people are coming back to their homes and that the local governments are being reorgan ized. They state that most of the local governments were forced into the rebel lion by Aguinaldo , who , while the treaty of peace Avas being negotiated with Spain , sent detachments of from fifty to 200 of his adherents from Luzon to each of the other provinces "to seize the governments as robbers hold up trains. " This is a new piece of information. HARRISON IS CHOSEN. -Democratic Candidate Is Ee-Elected Mayor of Chicago. Carter H. Harrison was re-elected Mayor of Chicago Tuesday. His plurality was 38,830. Except the Twelfth , Twen ty-fifth , Thirty-first , Thirty-second and Thirty-fourth , he carried every ward in Chicago , and even in these he ran Mr. Carter so close a race that the Republi can pluralities were cut down to insignifi cant figures. Republican wards like the .Third , Fourth , Eleventh , Thirteenth , Fourteenth , TAvcnty-first , TAventy-third find TAveuty-eighth , Avhich are counted on 1 1 CARTER IT. HARRISON. to swell the party total , swung into the Harrison column. The entire Democratic city ticket was elected. Harrison's total vote was 140,042 ; Mr. Carter's 107,192 , and ex-Gov. Altgeld's 45,404. The grand total of votes cast for -all mayoral candidates Avas 209,709. It was one of the quietest election days iu the history of Chicago. There Avas no -occasion for brawling or fighting or in timidation of voters , even if anybody had Ijecn so inclined. Complaints of infrac tion of the election laws Avere singularly few. Intense interest in the election , sup plemented by the finest election day -weather imaginable , brought out the heaviest vote ever cast in a Chicago city election. Comparison with the vote of two years ago shows that the Harlan vote was split almost equally between Harrison and Car ter. SAVED FROM RUN ! Not by Ilia Wifu's Hoardings , but Bjr a I < aujrh. "I don't suppose you have forgotten the panic of ' 03 , " said a business man. "I certainly have not , for I had that unluckjr year impressed upon me in a way that I will not soon forget. "You remember how money disap peared when the crash came ? Banks that were fortunate enough to escape going down in the general crash hoard ed their money and refused to loan a cent , even with the best security. "I have always made it a rule never to talk business with my wife , and she , poor woman , never knew at the time the many anxious days that I had , for I tried to conceal my hopeless condi tion. "At last it came to a point where I was without even a hope , and I stag gered home with bankruptcy staring me in the face. I had made the fight and lost , and then , seeing all the sav- iii s of a lifetime swept away , I gave up like a man doomed to die , and know ing that no fate could Avard off the blow. "I knew that my wife must be told , so I took her in my arms and broke it to her as gently as possible. "For several minutes she said not a word , and I began to fear that the shock had been lee much for her. I had told her that if I could only raise a small sum it might see me through the worst and enable me to get upon my feet again. "Finally she spoke : 'John , ' she said , 'I have always had a presentiment thr i some day something might happen , and whenever I chanced to have a little money that I thought I would not need I put it away in one of Willie's dis carded toy banks. I haven't the slight est idea how much there is , but I have been adding to it for years. I will get it and we will count it together. ' "I never knew until that moment ho\v a man feels when he is reprieved under the gallows. 'She placed the bank before me , and I dumped the contents upon the table. There was a total of 73 cents , mostly in pennies. "It was so comical that I had tc laugh. But that laugh saved me. It drove away the gloomy thoughts with which I had surrounded myself , and I took courage again to look the situa tion in the face , and finally won out. "I am still paying my wife her usual alowance ; but I haven't the face to ask her if she is again putting aside for a rainy day. " LAW AS INTERPRETED. The fact that the mortgagor or occu pant of mortgaged premises has be come insane is held , in Luudberg vs. Davidson ( Minn. ) , 42 L. R. A. 103 , in sufficient to suspend the power of sale in the mortgage. The receipt by an agent from his in surance company of a policy to be un conditionally delivered to the applicant is held , in New York Life Insurance Company vs. Babcock ( Ga. ) , 42 L. II. A. 09 , to be equivalent to a delivery to the insured himself under a contract mak ing delivery essential to its validity. A provision that a life insurance pol icy shall not take effect until the pay ment of the first premium is held , in Stewart vs. Union Mutual Life Insur ance Company ( X. Y. ) , 42 L. R. A. 147 , not to defeat the insurance where a note for the premium was accepted and , at its maturity , a check taken , with the understanding that it would be satisfactory if it Avere paid the next Aveek , although the insured died before the check Avas paid. The exclusion of the justices of the peace of a single town from the exer cise of any criminal jurisdiction is held , in people , ex rel. Burby vs. IIoAvland IN. Y. ) , 41 L. II. A. 838 , to be in viola tion of a constitutional prwision for justices of the peace , without express ly stating what a justice of the peace shall be. This is on the ground that criminal jurisdiction has ahvays be longed to those courts , and a local stat ute denying its exercise is equivalent to a partial abolition of the office. The liability of the estate of a lunatic who has been supported by the county as a pauper is maintained in McNairy County vs. McCoin ( Term. ) , 41 L. R. A. SG2 , in an action by the county for in demnity ; but in Albany vs. McNamara ( N. Y. ) , G L. R. A. 212 , it Avas held that a supposed pauper aided by the county was not liable to repay the expendi ture , at least in the absence of some application or request for assistance other than the usual solicitation for charity made to the poor authorities. A.n Old Canal , The Dismal SAvamp canal , which con nects Chesapeake Bay with Albemarle Sound , enables small craft to avoid the perilous passage around Cape Hat- teras , and is a part of the inland navi gation betAveen New York and Florida , will be opened soon , after extensive repairs. This watenvay is said to have the oldest canal charter in existence , dating back to 1787. English Geographical ignorance , Bishop Lawrence , of Massachusetts , says at the Lambeth conference , held last summer , he found the idea of what constituted his State very vague. The authorities considered it some out-of- the-way place , and he found himself placed with the diocesan representa- tiAes from" NOAV Zealand and other isl and colonies of Great Britain. The Sirdar's Namesa'ke. - A registrar in the East End of Lon don has recently recorded the birth of a. child Avho has been named Sirdar Kitchener. f' < When a man doesn't smoke , the other men always Avonder hoAV he managed to accumulate all the other bad habits , and missed that one. Imitation is not considered the sin- tcerest flattery at the patent office. nILL you give us I a Lincoln cavalry - ' ry story , Cap tain ? " Captain W. H. Beach , who served in the .Lincoln ( N. Y. ) | cavalry , now a f teacher of his tory in a Milwau kee high school , is always enter- p taining , and par ticularly so when he touches on the war and its incidents. I drew him out , a short time since , with a result that will delight readers of all classes. Here is his story : "After the battle of Antietam the First New York , or Lincoln , cavalry was sent west among the mountains. We held a line of posts about ten miles south of the Potomac to guard the Bal timore and Ohio. In December Com panies B and M were ordered eastward. A few inches of SUOAV had fallen ; it Avas cold. After a march of thirty-five miles AVO halted at Smith's Crossroads , where there Avere some farmhouses , barns and a country store. In the barn yards were stacks of straw inclosed by rail fences. The cattle had eaten holes in the stacks. Some of the m ii craAvled into the holes to sleep. Others , building fires by the roadside and spreading straw on the frozen ground , lay down in their blankets with feet to the fire , like spokes around the hub o a wheel. If they could keep their feet AA'arm they could sleep. "Early next morning the march was resumed. Late in the afternoon we crossed North Mountain , the last ridge of the Alleghanies , and looked over the valley. Men and horses found comfort able quarters in the large brick barn of Dr. Hammond , a mile or so from North Mountain station. The next morning , in order to find out our sur roundings and learn whom we had for neighbors , a party of twenty-five men , under Lieutenants Prendergast and Lewis , was sent to Martiusburg. Strik ing the pike a mile north of the town , we rode rapidly through the main street. If there were a few of the ene my there this was the surest way to get them. If- there should be a large number this was the best way to get through and out of the town safely. But no enemy was there. "The officers learned that about five miles from Winchester there Avas a picket post , and , atlhough our orders were to go only as far as Martinsburg. we concluded to go and see where this post Avas. We Aveut out on a moderate gait until the advance caught sight of the confederate videttes , when the whole command started into a rapid gallop. About thirty Confederates on the reserve were around an old house at a crossroad. When first seen they were hastily unfastening and mounting their horses. They did not have time to form and Avere taking to the road and fleeing as rapidly as possible. The flight and the chase Avere exciting. Shots Avere exchanged spitefully. One after another , as his horse gave out , was overhauled and captured. One plucky felloAv. was trying his best to get away with Lieutenant Prendergast alongside of him. The lieutenant Avas an Englishman , Avith a dialect and an indistinctness in speech. He could not say 'surrender' plainly. He gained on the Confederate until the two horses were neck and neck. The Confederate was leaning forAvard on his horse's neck and plying his spurs. 'Sur-r-reug- fler ! ' shouted the lieutenant. The Con- fedrate paid no heed to the summons , but kept forging ahead , Avhen the lieu tenant brought his saber across his face with a bloAV that straightened him up in his saddle. He surrendered. "The chase Avas kept up for nearly five miles , almost to Bunker Hill. A dozen prisoners Avere taken. We were getting a good Avays from home. Orders Avere giA'en to stop the pursuit , but the men were excited and did not hear them. "John Casey was an Irishman in Company B. He had a thin , high-key ed voice and a peculiar Avay of getting around Avithout attracting much ob servation. He AATas a fine soldier and took good care of his horse , generally managing to get double rations for him. When off duty he would A'olunteer to go with the detail to 'draAV' oats. On one occasion the grain was in sacks piled on the first and second floors of an old stone warehouse. While the oats Avere being Aveighed and loaded Into the Avagon at the lower door Casey had gone upstairs to look around. Watching his opportunity , he would toss a sack out the upper door into the wagon. This was an extra for his horse. On a shelf was a lot of books. The quartermaster's clerk had occa sion to go upstairs , Avhere he found Casey very diligently reading a Bible. As soon as the clerk retired , out Avent another bag of oats. "On this chase Casey had a fine horse of which he was very proud. Some of the enemy , when they saw their horses giving out , had turned out of the road and tried to escape through the fields. Casey was far to the front Avhen the chase slackened. The Johnnies also had checked up ; some of them had faced about. Casey , seeing two men tn Ijlue'overcoats across a field , rode-up to them. He saw his mistake when they told him to give up nis arras ann dismount. He hesitated , trying to look over his shoulder to see if help Avas near. Seeing none , he obeyed a second sharp command to dismount. The Con federates , leading the horse , started toAvard the road. Casey , excited over the loss of his horse , was coining back on foot across the field. Seeing a ser geant Avho was trying to get the scat tered men together , he called out as" loud as his thin voice would alloAv : 'Sergeant , those danged rebels have got me horse. ' The sergeant , notwithstand ing the orders to fall back , called to two men near him with : 'Let's get Casey's horse for him , ' and started in pursuit. The rebels , seeing themselves crowded , let go Casey's horse. The sergeant was leading him back when Lieutenant Lewis called : 'Come back ! ' A squad of Confederates in blue over coats had halted beyond a Avide , shallow creek. The sergeant said : 'Those men are rebels. ' LeAvis replied : 'I want to bring those men back. ' 'I tell you they are rebels. ' But he rode through the stream and up the hill , calling out to the men to 'come back. ' One of them ordered him to surrender. He quickly understood who they were then. Wheel ing his horse , he came down the hill and across the creek faster than he had gone. A few shots were fired after him , but he escaped unharmed. As he rejoin ed the sergeant , who had watched the whole affair , the latter said : 'I told you those men were rebels. ' 'So I found , ' replied the lieutenant , abstractedly. " J. A. Watrous. A War Duel. Riding in the direction from which the shot came , I found myself within long pistol range of a section of a bat tery of light artillery. It Avas in posi tion near a country road that came out from another piece of woods about 200 yards in its rear , and was pouring a rapid fire into the AA'oods from Avhich I had just emerged. As I sat on my horse quietly watching it from behind a rail fence , the lieutenant command ing the pieces saw me , and , riding out for a hundred yards or more toward Avhere I was , proceeded to cover me with his revolver. We fired together a miss on both sides. The second shot was uncomfortably close , so far as I was concerned , but as I took deliber ate aim for the third shot I became aware that in some way his pistol Avas disabled ; for using both hands and all his strength I saAV that he could noi cock it. I had him covered , and had he turned I think I should have fired. He did nothing of the sort. Apparently accepting his fate , he laid his revolver across the pommel of his saddle , front ed me quietly and coolly , and looked me steadily in the face. The whole thing had been something in the na ture of a duel , and I felt that to fire under the circumstances savored too much of murder. Besides , I knew "l . " TOCK DKI.IDEUA.TE AIM. that at a Avord from him the guns would haA'e been trained on me where I sat. He , too , seemed to appreciate the fact that it Avas an individual fight , and manfully and gallantly forebore to call for aid ; so lowering and un cocking my pistol , I replaced it in my holster , shook my fist at him , Avhich action he cordially reciprocated , and then turning away I rode back into the woods. About this time the enemy's artillery ceased firing , and I again rode rapidly to the edge of the woods , just in time to see the guns limber up and retire down the wood road from which they had come. The lieutenant in command saw me and stopped. We simultane ously uncovered , waved our hats to each other and bowed. I have always thought he Avas one of the bravest men I ever faced. Gen. George A. Forsyth , U. S. A. , in Harper's Magazine. Fhrapnel. One of the most embarrassing things connected Avith a modem battlefield is the shrapnel shells , which throw all sorts of strange substances about. There is not so much danger in their fire as in that of modern musketry , but the sound of the shrapnel is much more disconcerting and demoralizing ; its Avild "AA'hee-wew-wew" suggests mis siles filling all the air and coming from all directions. A surgeon relates that , as he was standing in front of a hos pital tent near AA'here two wounded col ored troopers Avere lying , he heard one of them say , as a shrapnel would pass- "I don't care for dem Mauser bullets , for AA'hen you hear one of 'em you know it's done gone past. But I sho'ly would like to know Avhere de cannon , is dat s'hoots dem camp-kittles full o' rocks ! " Youth's Companion. \Vrnted His Day Cff. Gen. Joseph E. Johnston , the Confed erate commander , noAV dead , used to relate that in the hottest part of one of the early battles of the civil war he felt his coat tails pulled. Turning about , he recognized a young man who had been employed in his tobacco fac tory previous to enlistment. "Why are you not in your place , fighting ? " the general demanded , angrily. "Why , 1 just-wanted to tell you that , if you don't inind , I will take my day off to-day ! " \ / * - To Get Kid of Stnmps. Frederick O. Sibley describes in the New York Tribune a method of getting rid of stumps which , although not near ly so "fast" in its operation as dyna mite , giant powder and the like , is per fectly safe to handle , but little more costly and , when rightly controlled , much better than any explosive substance mentionable , for the rea son that it leaves , on the whole , no fragments to be gathered up and dis posed of in the end , but reduces the en tire stump to ashes , which for encour aging growth , are not easily to be sur passed. The way to do it is to dig a hole be- tAA'een the roots , or at one side of the stump , and partly under it , large enough in Avhich to start a fire. This much achicA'ed and the fire once nicely "CREMATORY. " THE STUMP . got under AAray , slip over the stump the big cylinder shown in the accompany- illustration , adding to it the "smoke stack. " As to this cylinder , have it made of sheet-iron ( any blacksmith or tinsmith ought to be able to do the Avork of riA'- eting it together ) , and be sure the drum proper is of ample diameter to go OAer any stump which you may wish to get rid of. As can be seen , the upper part should taper , like a cone , and terminate in what will readily accommodate or dinary six-inch stove-pipe , three .or four lengths of which are sufficient to make the whole arrangement act simi lar to a stove and so "cremate' 'success fully almost any kind of a stump. Of course , the more pipe there is add ed to the cylinder the fiercer the draught will be. It Avill not do to haAe it too strong , hoAvever ; otherwise the drum part might collapse. Therefore , Avhen the fire is first started and the "crematory" has been placed in posi tion , the operator should Avatch it close ly to see that it does not get too hot. Provided it should begin to turn red , earth ought to be applied around the bottom of the cylinder until only just enough air can gain admittance to keep the fire going inside as desired. In this Avay a field of stumps can be cleared out quite easily , and that to one's com plete satisfaction. Shorthorn Bull. The Shorthorn bull , Star of Dawn , is a roan exhibited byMr. . C. Home Gra ham Stirling , Crieff , Scotland , at the STAR OF DAWX. show of the Highland and Agricultural Society at Kelso , in 1808 , when he won the first and championship prizes. He has since been exported to Buenos Ayres. Length of Cotswold Wool. A Vermont farmer , recently showed to a wool dealer in that State AVOO ! from one of his CotSAvold sheep from which a thread Avas taken that when brought out to full length measured almost 2ight feet. It is probable that CotSAvold sheep give wool with the longest threads of any , though all wool , being curly , is much longer than it looks to be on the bodies of the sheep. The growth of wool continues from one shearing till the next , and any sickness or indigestion of the sheep during this period results in injury to the wool grown at that time. Value of Sheep on the Farm. The old farms in Canada that com mand the highest prices are said to be those on Avhich sheep have been kept Erom the time they were first occupied. The pastures on them are compara tively free from bushes and weeds , while the soil is firm and productive of the. best sort of grasses. A farm on which a large number of sheep have been kept for many years is very desir- ible for dairy and other purposes. The lesson of the value of sheep Is one that farmers seem to learn but slowly. Repairing Rotted Posts. Mostly when a post rots in the ground it Is just at the surface , where the com bination of moisture , air and soil makes the conditions right for rotting. Often both ends for tAVo and a half or three feet will be found sound enough to use. Such posts can be made serviceable by cutting away one-half of eacli post , leaving a flat surface , and putting tAVo or three bolts and nuts through to hold them together , and then setting the posts in the ground again. A post thus repaired Avill often last as long in the fence as It did Avhen originally set and new. In most places , unless a man is very handy with tools , the labor of splicing two old posts would be worth as much if not more than the cost of buying a new one. Pens. Sweet peas will grow anywhere , but will give best results on clay soil. A good method is to select your bed the previous fall , enrich Avith thoroughly rotted manure and spade deeply ; this will leave ground in nice shape for early spring planting. Do not spade ground in spring , as a stiff , firm soil is best. Never use fresh manure. Early in spring , the earlier the better , SOAV your seed in double TOAVS about ten inches apart. Hollow out drills , so they Avill be about tAvo or three inches deep in stiff clay , or four or five inches deep in the light , loose soil ; firm soil in the trench Avith the foot ; this is im portant ; on this SOAV j-our seed tAvice as thick as you AA-ant them to stand in roAv to be sure of a full stand ; cover seed about tAvo inches deep and firm soil. Do not hill up , as it is better to have a slight depression so as to catch most of the AA-ater after rains. Thin plants to tAvo inches apart before they commence to A'iue. Hoe only shalloAV betAveeu plants. For support use poul try wireor brush. For a long season of bloom , mulch and water in dry Aveather , and pluck flowers freely , as they soon stop blooming if you let seed form. Movable Pigpen. The accompanying illustration , from the American Agriculturist , needs but little explanation. When pigs are turn ed out to pasture in the spring or fall , they should have some protection from bad weather. A pen like this is easily made and is very inexpensive. A bun dle of straw placed inside will keep them comfortable , and they amply re pay the care required to keep them warm and dry. Being built like a sled , it is easily taken from place to place by hitching a horse to the iron round in front , with a chain. A similar arrangement could be used for chickens - ens if they are kept in a number of ' A DESIRABHE FIGPK : < * . yards. It can be made as large and as long as desired , and all in all is A'ery convenient for such use. Seed Corn. Seed corn can be selected in the win ter or when the corn is being husked. A box should be placed near the point of operations , and every perfect ear ( selecting only the best ) should be thown into it Avhile husking. It is pos sible that but few ears may be select ed from among a large number , but if care is used in selecting and the seed corn put in a dry place it will be found , next spring , that more grains will ger minate and a larger yield will result. Fnrm Notes. Failures on the farm are often due to the use of inferior seed or too much economy in that direction. A dollar saved in seed sometimes causes a loss ; of a hundred times the cost of the seed. Always sell the inferior stock , but be fore so doing it will pay to put as much fat on the animals as possible , not only to secure extra weight , but also be cause a fat animal will bring an extra price in market. Early cut hay is to be preferred to a late-cut crop on the ground of quality. The dry matter of most , if not all , crops is relatively richer in protein in the early stages of its groAvth , and in carbo hydrates in the later stages. Late-cut hay is not an ideal food for dairy stock , owing to the large Increase of indigest ible woody fiber which occurs as the crop approaches maturity. The early crops are quickly destroy ed if neglected. Onions require careful watching , as the early weeds may get ahead of them in forty-eight hours should the weather be Avarin for a feAv days , which doubles the Avork of the farmer. The best time to destroy weeds is when they are germinating. Whenever the wheel hoe runs between the rows it not only admits warmth and causes the seeds of weeds to ger minate , but kills those that are just starting. * But few farmers would consider hay is a suitable food for hogs , but the Kansas Experiment Station reports better results from a mixture of alfalfa hay and Kaffir corn than from Kaffir jnly. The hay was fed dry in forkfuls , ind the pigs were given an abundance. They picked out the leaves and finer stems , repecting the coarser portions. Et was decided that pasture in summer and hay in winter produced pork ; cheaply.