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Present Day Millionaires Tell
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N
OMEN WORKED LIKE MEN-
of
Money Made liy Their Wives
In the early days of the Republic
iiost of the women worked as steadily
as Ihe men
It is true that they did home work
mostly but it was hard work none the
less and it helped support the families
-and earn the slowly accumulating sur
plus
In those days the women did the
work that is now performed by half a
dozen different kinds of factories They
spun the yarn for the stockings thai
were worn by every member of the
-family and knitted them too and thej
did most ot the weaving I
even the knitting as done
-chiefly by machines Not only was th
cloth for the garments of every mem
Iber of the family manufactured ai
fhome by the diligent housewife but
-she and her deep chested strong-armed
daughtT wove the carpets besides
All this factory work was done in
-addition to the housework now sc
generally done by servants every bit
of it was then held to be distinctively
work and had been so r
yarded since work first began
Although this labor was mostly done
in doors the woman never hesitated to
help in the harder outdoor work 01
the men when called upon and by all
-accounts this was pretty often Farm
ers wives and daughters were fre
quently seen in the fields They plant
ed and husked the yellow corn they
made hay they helped in the harvesl
and they drove teams
Some of the vast fortunes on which
-the famous families of to day whost
women marry dukes and princes and
would be scandalized at the thought 01
any kind of work are founded were
built up by the help of womans work
It is said that the wife of the first Van-
lolled as hard as he did
When he was a young man he was o
ferryman between New York and Eliz
abethport At first he used a schooner
in his business lie commanded the
-craft and his wife did the cooking
Sometimes she had her hands full
feeding the passengers and crew for
although when the wind and the tide
were right the trip was easily and
-quickly made when they were adverse
the passage sometimes occupied days
Mrs Vanderbilt was a good cook anc
-a frugal woman and it was due quite
is -much to her Industry and thrift at
her husbands that he was able to
-card his sailing vessel when steamboat
came in
But for years after that the passen
gers were often fed on the boat anr
-she remained the cook until the Van
surplus had attained to consid
erable proportions
Suicide of the Unfit
It is boldly affirmed by Dr C H
Hughes of St Louis in a recent papei
read before the Missouri State Medica
Association and published in the Alien
Jst and Neurologist that the work
would be better off if there were more
suicides He says
Not all men who commit suicidr
ought and more ought to that do not
for the good of the race
As elfish man living as though al
-the world was made for his sport o
gust giving free course to every im
pulse of lust and passion bringing tin
natural satiety disgust disappoint
ment and disease on himself of unregu
Jated indulgence who destroys him
self because he has made himself mis
erable and unfit to live is a benefactoi
to his race in taking sudden leave of
the world and the world should speef
the parting guest The act thougfc
selfish and thus unmanly is also unin
philanthropic to his race be
-cause he thus insures the cutting shorl
of his kind so far as he is concerned
In the community
If the breeding of the unfit to live
could be stopped by more frequent sui
cides of the morally and physically un
rstable and viciously endowed the neu
ropathic cripples the mentally squint
brained and obliquely visioned the
lame and halt and blind in mind and
morals the cataract covered con
sciences the millenium of early happi
ness would begin As it is and has
been the suicides though they have
given much sorrow in special instances
have as a rule done the world far more
good than harm by taking themselves
k away their departure averting the
compounding of the worlds misery
through the multiplication of such mis
erable beings unable unfit or unwill
ing to lift and carry their share of lifes
burdens or do a proper and manly or
womanly part in the worlds work and
duty Literary Digest
Counted the Matches
Up at Towanda a few days ago a
thrifty housewife bought for 3 cents a
box represented to contain exactly 200
matches When she arrived home she
carefully counted the contents of the
box and found that there were only 196
matches in it Under such circuni
jStances some women would have laugh
d some would have cried and still
others would have dismissed the sub
ject as of no account The Towanaa
housewife was made of different ma
terial however She took the default
ing box back to the store and compell
ed the storekeeper to give her a full
box And still there are men who say
Khat women have no capacity- for busi
ness Philadelphia Inquirer
Heidelbergs Ancient Castle
While repairing the Heidelberg castle
trains the other day some workmen
came across a window group the style
-of which revealed the fact that that
-famous castle was not begun in 1411
as heretofore believed but about 200
years earlier
What has become of the old fashioned
-woman who knew how to make elder
berry wine for sacrament at her
church
Ac
SUBMARINE BOAT
Invention of Richard Raddatz Swims
and Dives lake a Duck
The Raddatz submarine boat has
been recently submitted to various
tests which it is claimed amplyprove
its approximate perfection The young
Inventor is Mr Richard Raddatz
whose fame liad not extended beyond
the limits of- his native town of-
kosh Wis before he became the in
ventor of a boat the principle of which
has been a problem that has absorbed
inventors and men of science for many
years
The boat as she is to djiy looks very
like a war vessel of the most aggres
sive type her steel prow being strong
enough to pierce the sides of any ar
mored cruiser and very likely that of
any man-of-war In appearance she is
shaped like a huge cigar or torpedo
tapering gradually to either end and
presenting to the water a surface in
which the resistance is practically re
duced to nothing
She is G5 feet long 4 feet wide and 7
feet G inches high and is built on a
heavy framework of angle irons steel
plates closely fitted over one another
Her weight is 31 tons and her con
struction for resisting the enormous
pressure of the water at the depths in
she will at times be submerged
is perfect Once in the water if for
a surface trip there is little to be seen
nothing in fact save the two turrets
projecting above the water and as
these are only two feet high the spec
tacle is not suggestive of the great in
terest that is below
Under the aft turret is the engineer
le outlines of the hot air engine show
ing just forward of the turret The
propeller shaft runs forward to the air
engine and near this engine are the
storage battery cells in the sides of the
boat On the under side of the boat
forward of tlw propeller is a long and
rather slender rudder One of the most
interesting things to men of science is
the method by which the boat is lower
ed and raised and this is one of the se
crets which the inventor is not yet
ready to make known Certain it is
that a method which might with profit
be employed by elevator companies
the carocnle acid gas In the air In the
boat is absorbed by caustic potash
caustic soda and lime
A Profitable Failure
When I was old enough to strike out
in business tells a citizen who attain
ed prominence years ago Bowley
wanted me to go into partnership with
him and build up a big hardware trade
Having won the prize debate at col
lege and made several campaign
speeches in the back school districts I
flattered myself that I was destined
for something more brilliant than a
prosy business career I was bent on
gaining a reputation world wide and
enviable As an initial step I proposed
to take to the lecture field and made
my first appointment at a little town
in Indiana I charged a pretty stiff ad
mission price for those times and in
such a locality and it swelled my head
considerably to make my bow before a
crowded house
My subject was Light and after
a scientific consideration of the topic
it was my purpose to turn on some light
THE
RADDATZ BOAT
fun just to show my versatility and
send the people home saying what a
promising yoting man I was I had
talked about five minutes when I no
ticed some of the folks on the front seat
nodding and yawning Three minutes
later there was only a person here and
there whose eyes met my own and at
the end of ten minutes every soul with
in the range of my vision appeared to
be asleep Bound to arouse them yet
stick to my subject I shouted at the
top of my healthy lungs Blot out
the sun extinguish the moon obliter
ate the stars
And blow out the gas cut in a
red nosed old patriarch who pretended
to awake with a snort
That settled it The meeting broke
up in a roar I left town before day
light and was in the hardware business
a year before I knew that my partner
had bought every ticket and put up the
job Detroit Free Press
When We Grow Old
One of the first surprises that people
have as they begin to realize that they
are leaving the record of a goodly
THE STUDENTS MONUMENT
A Beautiful Column that Commemo
rates a Bloody Event
Havana has one of the most beauti
ful cemeteries on the western hemi
sphere Money has been lavished up
on it and its costly monuments are
works of fine art The long narrow
passages of the city of the dead are
closely fringed with magnificent mar
bles but in the midst of this vast col
lection towers a beautiful and Impres
sive pile which in view of present con
ditions on the island possesses consid
erable interest Americans in Cuba
always visit the spot where it stands
and gaze in admiration upon its sym
metrical outlines and figures
The beautiful memorial is called the
Monument to the Students Sons of
Cubans attending the University of
Havana have always been against the
Spanish rule on the island and have
had anti tyranny clubs One night fif
ty or more years ago a party of these
incipient revolutionists bubbling over
with the foolish patriotic enthusiasm
of youth climbed the cemetery fence
and smeared the tomb of a dead cap
tain general who in his time had been
tyrannical toward the native popula
tion The deed was a foolish prank
properly punishable by expulsion or
some such penalty But the Spanish
loyalists the wealthy shop keepers of
navana the Catalans as they are
properly called demanded that a les
son in loyalty be taught An
TUE STUDENTS MONUMEXT
tion was held and the offense was
charged to certain students No one
knew if they were guilty but the Cata
lans insisted that they were They
said the offense was an act of treason
They called upon the captain general
to inflict the death penalty Spaniard
though the executive of the island was
his mind revolted against such severi
ty The Catalans would have it The
y u j rTrf frying T - VtrtTPMSyBBEjflHfiBBBH i i r C gi m
INVENTOR RADDATZS SUBMARINE BOAT ON ITS TRIAL TRIP
for in the sinking and raising again
as well as in all the turnings in the
water not the slightest shock is ob
servable Every motion is made with
the most perfect ease and grace and
this thirty-one-ton man-of-war disports
itself in the deep as naturally as a por
poise
The interior of the boat can be made
as light as desired A wire loop runs
from the dynamo on wliich are three
incandescent lights The boat can be
raised and lowered at the rate of three
feet a second and she dives in the
water as readily as a duck in response
to an almost imperceptible pressure by
the pilot As experimented wifh up to
date the boat has been run at a rate of
fourteen miles an hour on the surface
of the water while an approximate
speed of ten miles has been attained
under the water but for all ordinary
trips she has been run at a rate of from
three to five miles per hour The in
ventor and the members of the syndi
cate express themselves as satisfied
with this speed as being sufficient for
all practical purposes at least at pres
ent
The problem of the air in the boat
was a vital one in the full sense of the
term Here again one encounters a
carefully guarded secret as to the full
details but it is known that the air is
mixed on the boat mixed being the
term employed by Mr Raddatz instead
of manufactured It is kept pure b
the chemical generation of oxygen and
ber of years behind them is that peo
ple think they are old Casual remarks
to that effect made before them come
as a distinct shock The spirit does not
grow old it is merely hampered by
physical infirmities and more particu
larly public opinion
People are made old they give up
youthful practices because people think
they should though that was more in
the past than in the present There is
no doubt that people women particu
larly lost much of their physical force
because as they grew older it was
proper for them im give up this and
that and settle do mow that grand
mothers ride the bicycle things have
changed somewhat
Almost anyone can remember as a
child wondering how it would seem to
be very old in the childs estimation
20 30 even 40 years Then when the
20 30 even 40 years have passed the
child who has become a woman looks
back and thinks that she feels little
older and surprisingly little wiser than
that child New York Times
Ministers Bible
An Englishman has invented a Bible
with two rollers set in the cover on
which may be wound a roll of paper
containing a sermon or the paper may
be used for taking notes in meetings
et cetera
There is lathing more uncertain than
a sure thing
4
students were led out one morning and
shot to death This was in no time of
war It was in accordance with Cata
lan policy to suppress and punish rig
orously the slightest symptoms of re
volt oft the part of the native popula
tion To the memory of these students
the massive monument was raised It
stands to day as silent evidence of
deep seated antagonism between Gata
Ian and Cuban
Sea Otter Becoming Extinct
The sea otter is an animal which is
fast becoming extinct So precious are
their skins that the otter has been
hunted with vengeance and only a
few comparatively remain There is
one fine speciment in the National Mu
seum which Is mounted in a most life
like manner The institution bought
the skin and paid 250 for it which is
not deemed an extraordinary price In
a few years it is thought they will
have disappeared altogether Wash
ington Star
New Paper MatexJ
A mill employing fifty men is now
engaged in making paper from the
bagasse or sugar cane refuse which
was once the greatest nuisance to the
sugar grower
A woman always feels as if another
burden had been put on her shoulders
to support Then a baby is Jwru to her1
ministera house
LONDONS DOG CEMETERY
Queer Inscriptions on Beautiful Stones
No Race Prejudices
Near Victoria gate in Hyde Park
there is an inclosure reserved as a
burying ground for dogs Life is al
ways full of contrasts On one side
here we witness the pleasures and the
joys of life and on the other we find
the vanity of all existing things That
at least was the opinion of the old
keeper who brought me through the
burying ground confided to his care
The dogs gravedigger is an honest fel
low with a face marked with wrinkles
The place is about thirty meters In
length and twenty in breadth and
granite and marble monuments with
the names and characteristics of the
departed are very numerous This re
spect for animals presents an unex
pected aspect in which the touching is
strangely mixed with the grotesque
There are about two hundred tombs in
the inclosure The plots are given
gratuitously The stones and the in
scriptions are put up at the expense
of the bereaved families Some of the
inscriptions are worthy of notice
The first stone that meets the eye of
the visitor is erected to the memory of
Beloved Roby died 20th of August
iS9J aged thirteen months and a half
Then comes Flick a faithful friend
and Maudie an old friend
On another tombstone are the words
Dear old Priny
But real grief is silent or nearly so
and the word Jacob upon another
marble slab doubtless covers a heap of
regrets
Further on there is another superb
tomb upon which the name of the dog
is inscribed in very small letters It
is as follows Pompey the favorite
dog of Miss Florence St John And
under this the following quotation
from Byron
In life the firmest friend
First to welcome
Foremost to defend
But here is a still stranger inscrip
tion It is to the memory of Dearest
Topsy the firmest and most devoted of
friends and companion of her mother
Another is to the memory of Our
dear treasure Jock a Scotch collie
died 31st of August 1895 aged 15
years He was the most intelligent
devoted gentle tender and affection
ate dog that ever lived with the best
of tempers He was adored by his de
voted and afflicted friend Sir H Seton
Gordon Bart
Here are others
Dear and affectionate Duke and
Tippy his beloved grandmother
Dear little Peter who died sudden
ly
On the tomb of a she dog is the fol
lowing
She brought a ray of sunlight into our
existence
But alas she carried it away with her
Adored Spot Our Friend Darling
Chin Chin and Sweet Carlo lie close
to each other
Dear Minnie brave intelligent
singularly beautiful loving and
loved has a splendid monument
But as if to prove that race pre
judices necessarily disappear with
death in this cemetery of dogs there
is a stone erected To the memory of
our dear little cat Chinchilla poisoned
July 21
During my visit a live dog somehow
got into the cemetery and was chased
away by the keeper for irreverently at
tempting to bury a bone on one of the
graves of his fellow creatures Figaro
Record Cargo
Probably the largest cargo brought
to London by one vessel is now being
discharged in the Millwall docks This
has been brought by the steamer Mil
waukee one of Messrs Elder Demp
ster Cos line running between Lon
don and Montreal The Milwaukees
cargo capacities are 11500 tons dead
weight or 18000 tons measurement of
forty cubic feet What this means in
actual carrying may be gauged by the
enumeration of her present cargo
which was as follows Five hundred
and fourteen head of cattle 132 horses
1S41212 bushel oats 1209 bales hay
13149 sacks flour 51029 pieces deal
1632S boards 4393 pieces lumber 195
tierces lard 200 bags starch G40 sheep
189200 bushels corn 20025 boxes
cheese 399 cases apples 11 cases ma
chinery 16737 deal ends 5723 pieces
birch planks 134 radiators 830 pails
lard 5730 bags grape sugar Glasgow
Weekly Mail
His Earthly Possessions
Well Uncle Jim said the lawyer
the doctor says there is no hope for
you
Yes suh dey tells me Im gwine to
cross over
Have you made your will
Yes suh I done will ter go
I mean said the lawyer in an ex
planatory way have you got anytning
to leave
Oh yes suh exclaimed the old
man joyfully one wife an de rheu
matism Kansas City Journal
Meals on Railways
The Railway and Engineering Re
view says in speaking of the meal
service on railroads If railroads
catered less to the wealthy classes and
endeavored to furnish better accommo
dations to people of moderate means
at reasonable prices there might be
more of a disposition on the part of the
public to regard such corporations in a
spirit of fairness than is at present ap
parent
From Both
Mr Cross That baby over across the
way seems to inherit its voice from
both its parents
Mrs Cross How so
Mr Cross It makes a great deal of
noise like its father and keeps it up
Mke its mother Detroit Free Press
About the only people who get satis
faction -by going to Uvw are the law-
KING OF THE WHEAT Pi T
Joseph Iicitcr In the Moat Sncccsafuli
YcunR Financier in Chicago
During the past few years Joseph
Lelter has made his way rapidly la
financial circles and to day Is regarded
as the most successful money king in
Chicago Now he is called the king of
the wheat pit All through the great
grain speculations of the second half
of 1897 he played a winning hand anil
showed even shrewd Phil Armour a
few tricks
Joseph Lelter is a son of Levi Z
Leiter the rich Chicagoan whose
charming daughter married George
Curzon the brilliant young English po
litical leader The elder Leiter has
raillions The basis of his fortune was
laid in a country grocery store and the
great superstructure was constructed
in the dry goods business in Chicago
Six years ago Joseph Leiter then 24
years old graduated from Harvard
University He didnt look like a man
of business It was somewhat of a dis
appointment and surprise to two sorts
of friends of his that he went into bus
iness at all All the men and women
who knew him picked him to assume
at once the profession of a gentleman
of leisure It was reported that he had
a valet It would have regularly fol
lowed in the natural order of things
that he should have frowned upon mar
kets aud rentals and leases
His father believed that he had busi
ness ability and plnc r 1000000 in
the young mans hands For a few
months Leiter was a prey for the
wolves Then he tried a new gamo
and succeeded He studied the situa
tion before investing When he want
ed some of the Chicago City Railway
stock he learned the cost of operation
and all of the minor details of tho
work To day he virtually controls all-
the street railways of Chicagos South
Side
When the father saw the sons abil
ity he gradually turned the manage-
JOSEPn lEITER
ment of his own properties over to him
B3 his cleverness they have fattened
It is considered a conservative esti
mate to put the properties under his
control and he is only 30 at 30000-
000 It makes him the youngest finan
cial king in the world The fortune Is
divided among the best Institutions of
the city extends into the big railroads
out into ranch holdings in the fax
West and great pits of wealth In the
hills of the ore countries The mora
he spends the more he earns and the
men who help him to operate claim
that one of the best reasons for his
phenomenal progress ts his devotion
to the essential little thing3 of va
rious interests His own fortune ha3
grown to great proportion
A Rare Bird
The rarest species of bird now extant
and one which is almost extinct has
its home in the jungles of South Ameri
ca The ornSthological curiosity is
known to science as the palamedra cor
nuda and to the common people as the
horned screamer As a rara avi3
nothing could excel the cornuda unless
it should be the accidental discovery of
a living moa or an opinornis But few
of the bird books even lot you know
that such a horned paradox exer ex
isted let alone telling you that living
specimens of the queer creature are
occasionally met with The only one
now in captivity in North America if
the writer was not misinformed is that
belonging to the aviary of the Philadel
phia Zoological Gardens and which ar
rived in this country about three years
ago The creature is about the size of
a full grown turkey hen and of a
blacklsh brown color One of Its dis
tinguishing peculiarities is a ruffle of
black and white which surrounds tho
head
Kffect of Limo on Iron
A Paris journal says that the disas
trous effect exerted by lime and plas
ter on iron should be kept In mind when
building If iron is plunged into fresh
ly prepared lime rapid oxidation takes
place This soon reaches the heast of
the iron which in a short time under
goes a profound alteration in its resist
ing qualities
To this result must be added the ex
pansion caused by Increase in volume
of the mass On the other hand ce
ment seems to be an excellent preserva
tive against rust Such a covering is
preferable to painting with ued lead
Exchange
Tne Siamese Army
An English newspaper in an artkia
on the Siamese army says In one re
spect the Siamese army is superior to
any other and that is in its elephant
corps Eight hundred of these animals
which are stronger though smaller
than those of India are organized into
a special corps commanded y a re
tired Anglo Indian officer and theij
heads trunks and other Tulnerabla
parts are sprotected against bullets bj
India rabber armor
Bachelors are womens rights
isridfKT ftts are womejjfe
A