r
Vi
JL
TOO MANY GRABS BY TRUSTS
The revised Dingley tariff bill will
not raise revenue sufficient to defray
the expenditures of the Government
This too in spite of the dip into inter
aal revenue made by the Republican
members of the Senate Committee on
Finance That is the opinion of tariff
sxperts -who have been carefully
studying the new schedules since the
bill was reported to the Senate The
nly recourse left say the experts is
io go deeper into internal revenue
The Republican leaders expect to get
from customs revenue the first year
about 200000000 and from internal
revenue an increase of 40000000 To
bacco and cigarettes are expected to
produce from 15000000 to 20000
D00 beer 15000000 and tea 9000
W0
Those who are well posted as to the
money derived from customs revenues
Seclare that the bill will not produce
anywhere near the figures named by
Ihe Republican members of the
finance Committee Instead of pro
ducing an increased revenue from the
start the bill will hardly come up to
the present law for the first year be
cause of the extraordinary concessions
to the great trusts
To offset the prodigal way in which
Republican campaign obligations are
repaid in the bill now pending a
ber of Senators on both sides of the
chamber are seriously discussing the
adoption of the proposed anti trust
amendment which provides that all ar
ticles controlled by a trust shall come
In free of duty until the trust shall
have ceased to exercise this control
In this way the Hanna ante election
compact wTith the syndicated trusts
may be made ineffective At least the
people who pay the taxes would not be
compelled to bear all of this political
iMirden
The Sugar Schedule
The debate in the United States Sen
ate over Senator Allens resolution re
lating to Chapman the contumacious
broker showed that even so reckless
and vitriolic a tongue as Senator Till
man usually plies in that august coun
cil may become an instrumentality for
good Not that Tillman threw any real
light upon the culpability of speculat
ing Senators but his speech will show
to the country that the charges of traf
ficking in sugar stocks by Senators who
were in a position to gain inside infor
mation about the revised schedule are
-of sufficient definiteness to be touched
upon in the course of a discussion up-
-on the floor of the Senate
jp vATo a mind untutored in the techni
calities of tariff computations the re
vised schedules as they came from the
Senate committee were unintelligible
and mystifying but the fact that the
market jumped immediately and that
certain Senators were credited with
handsome earnings on the advance is
regarded as the best of evidence that
the sugar trust fared exceedingly well
in the construction of the new sched
ules as it was predicted it would
It is impossible to fix the guilt of men
who wouldso shamefully prostitute
their exalted position as the futile in
vestigation of two years ago proves
hut the taunts and intimations of a
Tillman will serve to arouse the senti
ment of the country in a way that may
prompt respectable and highminded
members of the Senate to kill a section
of the tariff bill that seems to be so
tainted with roguery and corruption
The whole country should bring a pres
sure to bear upon the Senators that
will avert a repetition of the disgrace
ful scandal of 1S94 Detroit Free
Press
Unwisely Shnttinsr Their Eyes
Some of the protective statisticians
have set themselves at work to prove
1hat the exports of pig iron steel rails
and other of the rougher iron products
from the United States to Europe are
not only small in relative amount but
of accidental occurrence These ex
perts could more profitably employ
their time in endeavoring to prepare
Ihe way for new conditions The ante
diluvian who stood with his umbrella
shouting to Noah that it wasnt going
to be much of a shower not only lost
caste as a prophet but he lost his um
brella and his identity Philadelphia
Record
Iowas Corrupt Legislature
Two things have been strongly de
veloped at the extra session of the Leg
islature One is that the administration
of State affairs has been extravagant
and corrupt The other fact developed
is that the Republican State machine
and the Republican State leaders are
absolutely under the control of certain
large corporate interests and its and
their reinstatement in power simply
means power of attorney to govern the
State given to the select circle of cor
poration attorneys and corporation lob
bvists Des Moines Leader
A Struggle Between Hichwaymcn
Experience has shown that no tariff
bill levying taxes for private purposes
can be constructed by any committee
without the committees being held up
by selfish interests that threaten to
smash things if they are not appeased
Under such circumstances the fight
degenerates into a free-for-all in which
the strongest highwaymen get the big
gest prizes Louisville Courier-Journal
The Sort of Protection Needed
Sugar refining is one industry which
certainly Is not in need of government
al protection It Is controlled by such
an aggregation of wealth and of busi
ness power that the only protection
called for is the kind which will protect
the people from the unfair exactions of
the sugar company That can be se
cured by making an open field Kan
sas City Star
Ex Senators as Lobbyists
The lobby of ex Senators is growing
in size and boldness of operations For
some years these former members of
the upper house who have set up in
business in Washington with their
prestige and special privileges as a
stock in trade have led all the lobbies
in daring ventures and their services
have been generally recognized and
handsomely rewarded by the various
interests that seek to secure favorable
legislation by the particular methods
known best to members of Congress
and hence to retired statesmen Wash
ington Star
Tea Tax for the Barons Benefit
Knowing that the tariff rates de
manded the favored manufacturers
will cut down Importations and reduce
the revenue from customs the Republi
cans propose to eke out the revenue by
taxes on the breakfast table The tea
tax represents an Increase of the peo
ples burdens for the support of the
Government in order that the tribute
levied on the people by the tariff bar
ons may not be cut down St Louis
Republic
No Revenue from Hitch Tariff
The Senate seems to have learnea
intuitively what Dingley did not know
that it is nonsense to speak of a pro
tective tariff as one for revenue and
that just in proportion as a tariff be
gins to be really protective it ceases to
be a revenue producer When the new
bill goes to the conference committee
the country will have an opportunity
to see whether Congressman Dingley
is too old to learn Detroit Free
Press
Driving Away Canadian Trade
This country exported 62574004 of
goods to Canada last year and import
ed 37353317 This neighborly trade
has grown to fair proportions under
the Wilson tariff law but the majority
of the people voted last fall against
encouraging foreign commerce and the
Dingley protection wall will shortly
checkmate the abominable traffic
across the border Indianapolis Sen
tinel
McKinley and Currency Reform
The country should at once have
some assurance that the administration
is in earnest in its desire for monetary
reform As things are now everyone
is coming to think that the Republicans
can see nothing and think of nothing
but tariff that they have the opinion
that the only thing in the way of legis
lation that can be done to improve in
dustrial conditions is to put more taxes
on certain articles Indianapolis News
The Paternalists Sole Idea
It is not surprising that a party that
has taught the doctrine of government
protection and paternalism so long
should at last come to view the gov
ernment only as a great reservoir from
which favorites are to be rewarded
The thought that the reservoir must be
replenished by the people does not of
ten enter the Republican noddle Utl
ca Observer
Political Potpourri
If Dingley continues growing in un
popularity at the present rate it will not
be long before his name can be used as
a deadly epithet Kansas City Times
A man who would not dream of re
sorting to rascality or felony for him
self or even for his church will some
tlmes wade into trickery and crime up
to his neck for his political party
Minneapolis Tribune
The advance of 3 a share in sugar
trust stock on the day that the Senate
tariff bill was reported is perhaps all
the comment that it is necessary to
make on the sugar schedule of that
measure Providence R I Journal
In the Senate discussion on the Chap
man case yesterday Mr Allen spoke of
the Senate as representing 70000000
people While this is true it is also
true that the gentlemen whose cases
are behind the Chapman case represent
70000000 and the pull on both sides
seem to be about even New York
World
The first requirement of national
commerce is to have something to sell
which meets the demands of the age in
utility and superior workmanship the
next is to let other nations and espe
cially those deficient in these lines
know it the last is to be an intelligent
buyer in foreign markets Portland
Oregonian
The population of the United States
is now nearly double that of the Brit
ish isles yet notwithstanding the dis
parity in natural resources the com
merce of Great Britain is more than
double that of the United States The4
British coax trade to come to them the
United States repel trade by hostile tar
iffs as if It were a plague
phia Record
Private interests can get the ear of
Congress without difficulty and can se
cure the active support of politicians
in their campaign for higher taxes for
their benefit But when there is a great
cause in which the people of the whole
country are deeply interested its repre
sentatives are told nothing can be done
until it is known whether or not there
is to be a tax on hides Public busi
ness is sacrificed to private greed In
dianapolis News
EDUCATIONALCOLTJHN
NOTES ABOUT SCHOOLS AND
THEIR MANAGEMENT
Obediencei Politeness Punctuality
and Application Should be Taught
Pupils Children Can Be Trained to
Sit Still
Teach These Things
Obedience Many teachers fail com
pletely in this important thing How
sad it is to see a boy or girl who failed
to learn this essential lesson from their
first teacher mother pass through
school without learning obedience We
shudder for such a one when we re
member that life is no idle dream but
a solemn reality for how hard it is for
one to live right and successfully with
out first having imbibed this great les
son By all means teach obedience
Impart it in such a way that it will be
a part of every pupil
Having reached this point some may
ask for the best method Let me say
that teachers must always treat their
pupils not as subjects but as persons
having rights but when you make a re
quest or command see that it is com
plied with at once Coercion may be
necessary sometimes but the incentive
to do right when rightly presented to
their minds will cause them to obey
When one has learned the lesson of
obedience well he is one third of the
way to success
Politeness Of course we all realize
the importance of being polite to every
one at all times But pupils are inex
perienced and if we fail to stress and
explain politeness to them we are fall
ing far short of our serious duty If
we will only emphasize the very es
sence of politeness in our teaching
both by mood and deed we will have
discharged fully the obligations rest
ing upon us and will have prepared
for the future those who are more apt
to succeed than if this essential thing
had not been neglected
Punctuality This is something we
all know is important but how many
fall short in their teaching by not
training their pupils to be punctual
In my opinion many sins of omission
are committed in the teaching of this
essential to live rightly Teachers the
eyes of our pupils are upon us they
look with admiration or disgust The
former if we are always on time and
require them to be the latter if we are
sometimes late and sometimes ahead
and do not fulfill our engagements on
time Be prompt and thus shofa the
importance of punctuality and -the
proper use of time
Application Yes I say we must
teach our pupils to apply themselves
If they are not cautioned on this line
they will idle away much useful time
and if the teacher has any duty it is to
direct the pupils under him into the
proper disposition of time A pupil
who has finished school and does not
know how to apply himself cannot live
successfully and therefore his educa
tion fails in its important end Nine
time sout of ten the teacher is to blame
and will be held accountable for it
There is much responsibility in teach
ing and we ought to be very careful to
prepare pupils to live successfully and
when as teachers we perform our
whole duty we have clear consciences
which makes us feel satisfied and
then too we may have many pleasures
to offset the hard trials that naturally
arise in our paths
It is certainly a consoling thought
that we are able to live in the work
that we have done and the brittle cord
of life is broken and we are called to
meet our God
Let us be inspired to higher things
dear teachers and with helmets on and
swords unsheathed enter the thickest
of the fray with victory as our watch
word and never cease giving battle
until the great enemy ignorance is
banished from our country We teach
ers must in a large measure wage this
warfare for a majority of parents
seem to be negligent in the matter or
not yet awakened to the importance of
prompt action So we must drive ig
norance out and thereby elevate so
ciety and bless mankind
If every teacher in this broad land
of ours would drill deep into the very
being of their pupils these four essen
tials named obedience politeness
punctuality and application with oth
ers mentioned it would not be long
before a mighty reformation would
take place in the ranks of lawlessness
and discontent and a diligent search
for truth justice and good order would
ensue prosperity with its manifold
blessings would then smile upon us
for our government would be advanced
and our people made happy Educa
tional Exchange
State College
Vermont New Hampshire Massa
chusetts Rhode Island Connecticut
New York New Jersey Delaware
Maryland Florida Utah and Wash
ington do not furnish State aid to col
leges not counting agricultural and
technological institutions There are
in this nation forty State colleges some
States having more than one Yet the
32000 students in all these colleges
make up only about one fifth of the
total number of students in all the col
leges of the country Minnesota edu
cates the largest number 3014 at
State expense Michigan being next
with 2575 then California with 2400
followed by Wisconsin with 1600 Ne
braska with 1506 Iowa with 1300 and
Illinois with 1100 Tuition fees are
charged in only six States the fee in
North Carolina being 60 in South
Carolina 40 in Iowa 25 in Missouri
20 in Oregon 10 and in South Da
kota 9
They Can Sit Still
A child cannot sit still and ought not
be required to sit still Now just read
that A child cant sit still If the
writer of that paragraph will give one
afternoon some fine da3 to the writer
of this he will find out not only that a
child but a whole roomful of them can
sit still Its all nonsense tills idea of
having a noisy school All that is nec
essary in keeping still is to have the
children sit in position That means
that every little tot shall have both
feet on the floor with toes in line his
little hands behind him to keep them
out of mischief and a sharp eyed teach
er at the desk with a good big stick
A child cannot sit still Well did
you ever The writer of that should
give his physiological attention to the
apperception of the apperceiving con
cept in the childs mind in the presence
of the sense perception occasioned by
the vibration of the sensory cells when
hi the presence of the stick and the
school teacher when he says that a
child cant sit still well he is trusting
to his imagination rather than to his
tory for his facts Colorado School
Journal
Laws of Teaching
There is no school unless the father
the mother the teacher and the pupil
keep school together
Know thoroughly the subject to be
taught and explain to the pupil why
you teach it
Gain and keep the attention of the
pupils Excite their interest
In your teaching use language that
your pupils understand
Begin with the known go by easy
steps to the unknown Take the whole
class with you
Excite self activity in the pupils and
lead each to discover truth Show the
class how to study
In each lesson let a halt be made and
then have pupils fix points already
made the conclusions reached and the
premises upon which the conclusion is
based
The teaching must touch the whole
nature of the child and stimulate to
habits of work of silence of obedience
honesty and truthfulness Three
fourths of education is a habit of work
J M Greenwood in Midland Schools
Better Whistle than Whine
As I was taking a walk I noticed two
little boys on their way to school The
smaller one stumbled and fell and
though not much hurt he began to
whine In a babyish way not a regular
roaring boy cry as though he were
half killed but a little cross whine
The older boy took his hand in a
kind fatherly way and said
Oh never mind Jimmy donf
whine its a great deal better to
tie And he began in the merriest
way a cheerful boy whistle
Jimmy tried to join the whistle i
cant whistle as nice as you Charlie
said he my lips wont pucker up
good
Oh that is because you have noc
got all the whine out yet said Charlie
But you try a minute and the whistle
will drive the whine away
So he did and the last I saw or heara
of the little fellows they were whistling
away as earnestly as though that was
the chief end of life Early Dew
Human Ashes at Auction
The ashes of a human being were
sold in the urn at an auction in Brom
berg Germanjr a few weeks ago They
were sold without reserve and were
obtained by the highest bidder for
375 The highest bidder was not of
the dead mans kin but he carted away
the mortuary urn and its contents to
his home with appropriate care and
solemnity The ashes which were sold
without reserve were those of Albert
Arons He founded a banking busi
ness in Bromberg fifty years ago and
about ten years ago having accumu
lated all the money he cared for he
moved to Berlin He left a man named
Muller in charge of the bank and
when he died four years ago the busi
ness in accordance with the will went
into Mullers hands His last request
was that his body be burned and the
urn containing his ashes be set on the
shelf in the office of the Bromberg
bank His request was heeded his
ashes rested in the place where he had
been active for forty years One year
ago Mulle diec The bank became in
volved in difficulties The business was
wound up and the office furniture was
advertised to be sold at auction in obe
dience to an order from the courts
With the furniture the ashes of Arons
came under the hammer Philadelphia
Times
Intermarriage of Blood Relations
With regard to deaf mutism says the
Medical Press statistics show for the
most part that the closer the degree
of relationship between the parents the
more numerous are the deaf mute chil
dren born For example one marriage
between an aunt and nephew produced
three deaf mutes Four marriages be
tween uncle and niece produced eleven
deaf mutes twenty six marriages be
tween first cousins produced thirty
eight deaf mutes sixteen marriages be
tween second cousins produced twenty
eight deaf mutes forty seven mar
riages between blood relatives pro
duced seventy two deaf mutes These
are important facts which leave no
measure of doubt as to the influence
of the intermarriage of blood relations
in causing deaf mutisni But just iii
the ssme way as consanguineous mar
riages should be avoided so also should
the intermarriage of persons tainted
with hereditary disease be discouraged
The Great Pyramid of Cheops
The great pyramid of Cheops is the
largest structure ever erected by the
hand of man Its original dimensions
at the base were 764 feet square and
its perpendicular height in the highest
point 448 feet It covers four acres
one rood and twenty two rods of
ground and has been estimated by an
eminent English architect to have cost
no less than 165000000
Cowper was all his days overshad
owed by the gloom of insanity
BUYINtf FAEJI LAND
DONT BE TEMPTED TO BUY
TOO MUCH
Prevailing Tendency Is to Buy More
than Can Be Cultivated and the
Farmer Takes on a Mortgage that
Weighs Him Down
Buying a Farm
A great many men when they set out
to buy a farm are tempted to buy three
six or nine times as much land as they
2an handle They want a quarter sec
tion for each member of the family or
they want to play off as a farmer on a
mammoth scale To carry out his plans
he has only half as much money as he
needs and he borrows enough to carry
him through with the purchase at least
He at once comes under mortgage for
half the value of the land he has
bought He begins in the new country
at the bottom has no money to improve
with or to pay hired help with He
flounders in a desperate way until the
end comes He has no money to buy
fuel for the cold weather season and in
case of a general failure of the crops
he has no money to buy grain or other
feed to carry his stock through the win
ter We know of cases out West where
men are land poor They own sections
of land tracts so large that they can
not work them It is choice land as
need be but they cannot sell it They
are tied to it We know of another case
where a man had a strong notion of be
coming the largest land owner in the
world He bought land until his boun
dary lines were counted by miles in
length Then he went to farming He
bought all the improved patent farm
Implements that were known and left
the most of them out of doors the year
round This kind of farming resulted
just as such farming always will re
sult Huge fields of com left to go into
the winter unhusked the regular fall
work half done
Another class of men must cut a re
spectable figure as farmers and they
buy a hah section or a section of land
may pay for the whole or go in debt for
a part of the purchase money The
land may be first rate but the man has
more land than he can work He can
not more than about half farm the land
he has undertaken to work He cannot
keep down the weeds nor properly fer
tilize his ground The hiring of help
as wanted is very uncertain these days
especially
A speculator bujs S000 or 10000
acres of land in a good locality He is
interested in having settlements made
as fast around his purchase as possible
He has bought with the calculation that
the settlement of the country will make
him a fortune The speculators land
is usually offered at a strong advance
on the price originally paid for it but
on long time payments bearing a
healthy rate of interest In this way
a good many farmers have been drawn
into trouble and some speculators have
made money It is however the policy
of the government of this country to
have all lands sold in small holdings
A man going into a new part of the
country to buy a farm should make his
calculation to buy just as much land as
he can pay for and have enough money
left to improve the purchase with He
should have buildings of the right size
and for all purposes and should have
fencing of the right kind so stock could
neither break in upon him nor break
out After the farm is well fixed ev
ery farmer should have a bank account
of 300 to 500 which is far better than
to have a mortgage to nurse from year
to year How much anxiety and trou
ble has the mortgage made
We have seen it stated lately that the
amount of public land outside of that
which has been entered exclusive of
Alaska is 600000000 acres Of course
whatever the amount is the estimate
takes in mountain hill and dale sand
plain and every kind of worthless un
productive land It will yet be a long
time before all the land that is really
desirable is taken up and put to prac
tical use The Indian reservations
when they come into market sell quick
ly and they are all choice land Rural
Home
Dwarf Pears
There is one great advantage of
dwarf trees over standard They come
into bearing earlier A dwarf pear for
instance is produced by budding on a
quince stock and matures sooner than
if on a pear stock Dwarf trees should
be pruned at the top otherwise they
are liable to fall over More trees can
be planted on given space than of stan
daid size but of course each tree will
not bear as profusely The yield is
nearly the same per acre for both They
are in high favor with many because
pruning thinning spraying and gath
ering fruit can be done so much more
easily from small trees than from high
ones Fruit Garden
Fattening Calves
The first question which a butcher
asks about a calf offered for the sham
bles is how it has been fed If it has
been allowed to suckle the cow the
calf Is In his opinion all right and will
dress as well as it looks But this de
pending on suckling though good for
the calf helps to dry up the cow and
to make her uneasy when the calf is
taken from her The advantage of the
suckling process is that the calf gets
its food slowly and always warm The
slowness with which the calf gets the
milk and the muscular effort of the
mouth required to get it mixes more
saliva with the nutrition and insures
better digestion But the owner of the
cow may properly insist that the calf
shall not run with its dam suckling a
little every hour or two Give It two
meals per day as nearly twelve hours
apart as possible and the last few
minutes milk the richest part of the
milk the strippings Into a pall It is
very rare that a calf will get from the
udder all that the human hand will
do It Is this retention of the
pings In the udder that tends to dry
cows so quickly when their calves
suckle them Exchange
Buying Sweet Potato Sets
Most nurserymen and seedsmen aro
glad to furnish sweet potato sets for
planting They can do it too more
cheaply than the average farmer who
has no greenhouse can do it for himself
More sweet potatoes ought to be grown
by Northern farmers They need a
warm rich soil By selecting a cloud7
day with probability of rain the sets
will get rooted in a few hours and be
fore the top wilts The home supply of
sweet potatoes can as easily be grown
by farmers as ordinary potatoes ex
cept that it is cheaper and better to
buy the sets each year as it is very dif
ficult to keep the seed through the win
ter until planting time Those whe
have greenhouses divide the seed hi
winter and may multiply the sets sev
eral times over from each eye befora
spring It is this multiplication of seta
from single eyes that makes it possible
to sell sweet potato sets so cheaply--American
Cultivator
Pekin Ducks and Water
The Pekin duck is a very valuable
variety but it has the reputation of nofl
being hardy If left to swim all they
will in cold weather the fowls will
stiffen and become helpless We long
ago learned that this variety needed
less water than any other and will do
well if only occasionally on warm dayst
allowed sufficient water to bathe and
wash themselves in If kept from
water the Pekin duck is a valuable
variety being very prolific and matur
ing early
Snbsoiling for Orchards
In setting out trees of any kind it Is
best not merely to make a wide deepi
hole but to thoroughly subsoil all the
land that the tree roots are expected toj
occupy If this is done there will ber
much less injury from dry weather tho
first summer as the subsoiled earth
makes the best reservoir for water irii
time of need This subsoillng is irn
portant for land to be planted with
nursery stock and is commonly prac r
tlced by the most successful growers
Shorthorn Carrots
The large coarse varieties of carrots
most used for stock feeding are not so
nutritious as is the shorthorn whlchi
grows most of Its bulk near the surface
or slightly above it As the shorthorn
carrot can grow more thickly in the
row it Is nearly as productive as the
deeper setting -varieties and it Is also
more easily harvested Five to six
hundred bushels of the shorthorn car
rot may be grown per acre This Is a
paying crop at the usual price of this
root
Peas for Poor Soils
There is no better way to fertilize
poor land than to sow It with peasr
using phosphate of lime to furnish the
mineral fertility that this crop requires
to perfect the seed It is not nitrogen
which the pea crop most needs other
than what the pea roots supply by dis
integrating air in the soil and liber
ating Its nitrogen But to form ther
grain both lime and phosphate are re
quired With these supplied the soil
will grow richer every year
Mineral Manures for Spring Crops
To be effective mineral manures for
spring and summer crops must be ap
plied early They need some of the
spring rains to dissolve the fertilizer
so that the plant roots can make user
of it Besides as weather and soil be
come warm and dry there is less need
of the fertilizer as the soil itself-releases
more of its own fertility under
such conditions
Fine Seed Bed for Onions
The roller is indispensable for prepar
ing onion ground either for seed on
sets That with a shallow cultivation
to the depth of two inches will make a
better seed bed than will deeper tillage
If the soil is made friable deep down
the onion may grow large but it Willi
likely be thick necked and grow a crop
of scullions
Gooseberry Cnltnre
I have the best success with goose
berries that are not cultivated I use
hard and soft coal ashes and cindersi
as a mulch and find that the bushes If
treat in this way are in every way su
perior to those not treated with the cin
ders I shall treat all my bushes both
current and gooseberry in this man f
ner as fast as I can get the cinders
W B H
Among the Poultry
Peking ducks are good market f owls
For large heavy fowls have thei
roost low
Dampness causes leg weakness im
ducks
The good layers are active and gen
erally on the move
Dry earth is a good material to scat
ter under the roosts
When a thrifty bird is fully maturedv
it is easily fattened
Early hatched well developed pullets
make good winter layers
Stale bread soaked in milk is a goodf
feed for young poultry
Thrifty vigorous one-year-old hens
make reliable winter layers
Cleanliness and good feeding are thet
secrets of success with poultry
On the average it will cost one dollar
to keep a laying hen one year
Leghorns and black Spanish lay eggs
wlth the whitest shells of any breed
Scald and allow them to stand over
night In a place where they will notf
freeze this is one of the best ways oft
feeding oats to poultry
It is natural for some breeds of
try to moult lighter each year andj
hence what are often taken for defects
are only natural to the breed -St Loub
Republic