T
WAwam
THE VALENTINE DEMOCRAT
SUCCESSOR TO
CHERRY COUNTY INDEPENDENT
ROBERT GOOD Editor and Publisher
Official Paper of Cherry Coun
ty Nebraska
100 JPer Year in Advance
PUBLISHED EVERY THURSDAY
Entered at the Post office at Valentine Cherry
county Nebraska as Second class matter
This paper will be mailed regularly
to its subscribers until a definite order
to discontinue is received and all ar
rears are paid in full
Advertising rates 50 cents per inch
er month Kates per column or for
-long time ads made known on appli
cation to this office
THURSDAY JUNE 4 1896
Our Platform
Following is the platform adopted
by the Democrats of Cherry county in
mass convention assembled Saturday
April 18 1896
We the Democrats of Cherry counts in mass
convention assembled do reaffirm our allegiance
to the principles or the Democratic party as
formulated by Jefferson and exemplified by the
lllnstnous line 01 111s successors in juemocratic
leadership from Madison to Cleveland
We still denounce the Republican doctrine of
protection as a fraud a robbery of the great
majority of the American people for theibenefit
-of the few We st ill adhere to and maintain the
Democratic doctrine of la tariff for revenue
only We believe tin interests of the masses
of our Tioimlation will be best conserved by the
collection of such taxes as shall be limited to the
necessities of the government honestly and
economically administered
We express our faith in the time honored doc
trine of the Democratic party as to international
trade relations -an interchange by which the
countries participating shall enjoy reciprocal
advantages We denouncn the sham reciprocity
scheme of the Republicans which juggles with
the peoples desire for freer exchanges by pre
tending to establish closer relations while en
acting prohibitive tariff taxes against those
countries of the world that stand ready to take
our entire surplus of products in exehangc for
commodities which are necessaries and comforts
or lift among our own people
Appreciating the condition of the public mind
with reference to the financial policy of this
country and recognizing the importance of a
proper solution of this question we unhesitat
ingly express our unalterable opposition to the
free and unlimited coinage of silver except by
international agreement and until snehagrec
jnenr can he procured we favor the present
standard of value We denounce the action of
the Republican county convention in intention
ally omitting to state its views on this important
question as a repetition of the cowardly and dis
honest practices ol that party
Finally we endorse the administration for its
excellent conduct of public affairs its vigorous
foreign policy ami its imparallelled management
in maintaining the pnblic credit against foes
Irom without aud foes from within
McKinleys triumph is democratio
opportunity New York World
Most people spend all the money
they get whether it be a dollar a week
or a thousand
The new Czar of Russia is crowned
at last and 2000 people lost their lives
in a panic which occurred in the crowd
of 500000 people who were taking
part in the festivities incident to the
occasion
The senate defeated the bill which
proposed to place an additional tax of
7o cents a barrel on beer and thus an
other prospective source of income is
cut off The present republican con
gress is determined to do nothing to
increase the income of the government
The resolution recently introduced
in congress to impeach the president
was sat down on so hard by both
democrats and republicans that it will
probably be some time before another
such fanatical measure is introduced
111 that body The Democrat is glad
to know that upon this occasion at
least patriotism rose above politics
A Chicago man has invented a pro
cess for storing and preserving wheat
corn and other cereals much in the
style in vogue among the people of
Egypt in the time of the Barneses
The process is a very simple one and
consists of a series of air tight cylin
ders tilled with the grain to be stored
charged with sterilized air
and then hermetically sealed The
steel cylinder will keep all kinds of
cereals exclude the air which acts as
a conductor of contagion and preserve
all the good qualities of the grain and
maintain its grade or improve it for
an indefinite number of years
On the inside pages of this issue of
The Democrat will be found a fuH
account of the terrible cyclone and
tornado which swept over St Louis
last Wednesday evening leaving
death aud destruction in its path
The loss of life is enormous 500 people
meetimr death in the storm and the
property destroyed has been conserva
tively valued at 20000000 This is a
hard blow to St Louis and her people
have the sympathy of the entire world
Oilers of aid have been extended from
almost every state in the Union but
the city and state seem able to care for
hpir neotile The immense hall where
the republican national convention
will be held was but slightly damaged
This storm will probably have the
same eficct upon St Louis that the
21 car rre of 1673 hd upon Chicago
as
QUESTIONS ANSWERED
The World Herald recently pro
pounded several questions to the
figures which cannot be disproved or
explained away T will confine my
illustration to the United States
The total volume of all kindB of
money in 1878 the year prior to the
resumption of gold payments was
791253576 a per capita of 1662
The total volume in 1892 the year
prior to the silver Sherman bill panic
was 2372599501 and increase in
volume of nearly 800 per cent with a
per capita of 3621 more than double
that of 1878 The expansion here
noted was in real money Every dol
lar was as good as gold and inter
changeable therewith Will it be
claimed that this enormous increase in
money raised the price of commodites
On the contrary it is well known that
prices were as a rule lowered and this
fact has been made one of the stereo
typed arguments on the silver side
of the controversy
Question 2 -If supply and demand
control prices and values would not
an increased demand for silver by
reason of free and unlimited coinage
raise the price and value of silver
bullion
Answer Yes
An increased demand for silver no
matter in what manner caused would
unquestionably raise its price provi
ded production was not increased in
same proportion But as silver is no
longer a money metal like gold which
is taken in its bullion form at the
same value as when coined it must be
treated like any other commodity
What public interest would be served
by this extraordinary movement pro
posed in its favor With the same
propriety it might be urged that cop
per or some other metal should be
coined free because the increased use
thus given would iflerease its price
But it is by no means certain that
there would be an increased demand
for silver from free coinage In my
opinion the effect would be the con
trary At the present time all that
the world needs is supplied at about
68 cents per ounce There is now in
circulation in the world about 4000
000000 of coined silver of which
-625000000 is in the United States
Nearly all this immense volume of
money is maintained in value of an
equal purchasing power with gold at
the old ratios either by limitation
in its coinage or by redemption in
gold although its bullion value is not
much more than one half that of gold
The removal of the limitation as to
coinage or the cessation of redemp
tion which is the meaning and effect
of the free and unlimited coinage
proposition would be the revocation
of this sustaining power of gold and
when undertaken by the United
States without the aid or consent of
any other nation on earth the result
would be a fall in the purchasing
power of this currency to its bullion
value But more than this would fol
low The contraction of the circula
tion which would follow free coinage
in the withdrawal and disappearance
of gold which movement is even now
going on to a certain extent from
merely the threat conveyed by the
silver agitation would then be so
severe that it would become absolutely
necessary to issue some iorm of paper
money to fill the vacuum It requires
no propnetic vision to see tnat we
should be carried back to the financial
situation existing prior to 1879 and
that a paper standard and not silver
would be the result The populist lead
ers are shrewd enough to discern this
for they declare for free coinage
although their tenets of faith are as
much opposed to silver as to gold
Eastern papers say that an epidemic
known as conjunctive is sweeping
over the country as did la grippe a
few years ago but with less serious
results Conjunctive js a native of
Europe and made its first appearance
in Boston about two months ago It
is a disease of the eye but is not
serious causing little pain but an
itching sensation is present after
which the eyes become bloodshot If
not cared for in its incipiency the di
sease lasts from ten days to two weeks
There is at the present time 150
000000 more money in actual
circulation in the United States than
advocates of sound money and f j there was in 1890 which of course
lowing will be found two of them
with answers by Geo W Yates whom
the World Herald says editorially is
easily the ablest opponent of free
coinage in the west
Question 1 If supply and demand
control prices aud values would not
an increased supply of money through
free silver coinage reduce the price 01
value of money and thuB raise the
price or value of property
Answer No
An increased supply of money
would have an -effect on the interest
rate but would not and could not
change the relative prices of commod
ities This is evidenced by facts and
means that the per capita circulation
is larger Before the passage of the
Sherman silver purchase act the coun
try was prosperous and transacted all
its business on 150000000 less money
than is in circulation today McKin
leyism and silver legislation would kill
prosperity even with the per capita
at 50 The fallacious reasoning that
an inflated currency will produce pros
perity is refuted by facts and people
are beginning to learn these facts
There is a peculiar situation in
Iowas Seventh congressional district
Congressman Hull seeks a renomina
tion and James G Berryhill also wants
it Both are republicans and they
have arranged for joint discussions
Still our republican friends boast of
the wonderful unity existing in re
publican ranks World Herald
This is not the only instance where
republicans are arrayed against repub
licans but as a usual thing the news
papers of that party faith are wise
and say nothing Democrats should
not be discouraged by the dissensions
in their own ranks When the repub
lican national convention meets at
St Louis a large part of the body is
bound to bolt The western delegates
cannot in honor do otherwise
SILVER AND PROHIBITION
At the national convention of the
prohibition party held in Pittsburg
last week Joshua Levering of Mary
land was nominated for President
and Hale Johnson of Illinois for
Vice President Samuel Dickie of
Michigan was made national chair
man The broad guagers i e the
free silver element with their usual
perversity and rule or ruin policy
bolted the convention after being de
feated and organized a new party to
be known as the National Party with
Home Bule for a motto They
nominated Charles E Beotley of Ne
braska for President and L B Logan
of Ohio for Vice President Appar
ently the only political party which is
not split on the silver question is the
populist party
THE TARIFF AND WOOL
Under the eaption of The Flood
That Subsided the Sioux City Tri
bune says the flood of foreign imports
that does duty for the republicans
during a campaign will have to be
given a vacation this year The vaca
tion was deserved long ago as the
phrase has been used lar over the
limit that permitted any sense to re
main in it Imports are decreasing
and exports increasing Pree wool
has made it possible for domestic mills
to manufacture the clothing which
formerly was left to countries which
did not see the wisdom of attempting
to tax themselves rich Under Mc
Kinleyism the American mills could
not get hold of non competitive
foreign grades of wool without paying
the duty and this placed him at a dis
advantage in selling the finished pro
duct The McKinley duties on wool
were reduced 50 per cent and the cal
amity howlers at once began to pre
dict ruin What has been the result
The importation from Bradford Eng
of woolen goods have been declining
at the rate of thousands of dollars
monthly Each month of March and
April of this year show a decline of
650000 in such importations over
last year Our population has not de
creased and needs just as much cloth
ing and it is safe to say that the needs
of last year which were supplied from
abroad to the extent of the puesent de
crease are now being turned out by do
mestic manufacturers who have at last
been enabled to obtain the proper
grade of wool at something approach
ing live and let live figures
American wool is all right in its place
and can be used as -extensively as ever
because it does not come in competi
tion with the finer grades that are not
produced in this country Those fine
grades are being imported in imraence
quantities which fact does not bear
out the republican claim that the
woolen manufacturing industry is
languishing If there is a stagnation
why these importations Under the
McKinley law the largest importations
of wool were of the grades which
most directly came in competition
with the domestic product It is a
poor country that canmt raise the
grade known as caipet wool yet
three fourths of the former importa
tion were of this grade -Now condi
tions are reversed and a majority of
the importations consist of grades
which cannot be raised here The
American wool grower actually has
less competition in his particular field
under the Wilson law than h e did
under McKinleyism
aaA mamm
THE PRACTICABILITY
CHILI STUDY
OF
rTnot nt Hip Timlin nf the Cherry County
General Teachers Association held at Valentine
Jlay 2 1890 by Mrs Lizzie Crawford
Child Study as defined by Oscar
Christman is a pure science whose
dutvitis to enquire into the life
growth the ideas the very being of
the child What botany is to plants
and mineralogy to the mineral Child
study is to be to the child
The first work along this line began
in Boston in 1876 Pour Kmdergart
ners took three or four children at a
time and endeavored to find out the
contents of their minds The result
was published in 1880 but was -such
faulty work as to be called tno
Ignorance of Children
Since then there has been a great
awakening to the fact that the child
opens a Geld for scientific investiga
tion Dr G Stanley nail is the
acknowledged father of Child Study in
this country He gives four lines of
study a study of the contents of the
mind of the child a study of the
child by measurements a study of de
ficient and exceptional children The
fourth line relates to health
A study of the contents of the mind
of the child is to inform ithe teacher
what the child has found out for him
self or by the aid of others before en
tering school This relates to his ob
servation of the outside world It
shows what part of the mind has re
ceived the most attention thus show
ing the teacher what his week points
are Por instance if the child shows
by his answers that his faculty of ob
servation is at fault the teacher may
here find opportunity for developing
this if he has no idea of definiteness
this point may be emphasized This
work is carried on along many lines
such as enquiring what religious be
leif the child has What he considers
right or wrong What aspirations or
hopes he has for his future To find
out what he has observed such ques
tions as these are asked What is a
brook What is a pond How does
corn grow Where does flour come
from Have you seen the sun rise
Where are the stars Which is your
right hand As to his religious be
lief Where is God What is heaven
Why do we pray Why do we go to
church As to morality What do
you consider wrong What is right
As to future hopes What do you
expect to do when you are grown
In the study by measurements the
height and weight of the child is tttken
at certain ages By these it will be
determined when is the period of slow
growth the period of greatest growth
and the period of full development
Measurements as to muscle lung
capacity fatigue and circulation are
also taken So far as investigations
show as to weight the period of most
rapid growth for boys is found to be
between the ages of 14 anp 15 for
girls to be between 11 and 12 As to
height the period of greatest growth
is about the same It is said that at
the period of greatest physical growth
we find the mental developments re
tarded As soon as this period is
known and its duration there will De
felt the need of a new basis of educa
tion a change in the Course of Study
and so on
As to deficient or exceptional cases
the cause of the abnormal condition is
being inquired into If he is back
ward or dull the eye ear and other
sense organs are examined The
health of the child is looked after In
some cities at the present time doctors
are employed to examine children on
entering the lower grades They exam
ine the circulation respiration and
complexion muscles and suggestions
are made and a record kept Parents
and teachers have access to this and
may act accordingly Through this it
is hoped to prevent defect of nerve
sight hearing etc attending to the
physical first then making that the
basis for the mental development
There has b een an ever increasing
demand for more physical training in
every department of the school work
The fact that the muscles are the
organs of the will and as some one
has said The organs of thuoght nec
essitate the most careful attention
that the physical ehild may keep pace
with the mental These are some of
the ways by which Child Study is
carried on The means by which
science means to develop tables to
k eep up the work of investigating un
til some definite end is accomplished
Every where we hear the question
What do you know of Child Study
What do you think of it If found
expedient and what will be the effect
upon the present classification meth
ods and results of our present school
system Teachers are not alone in
this people everywhere who have any
thing to do with children are
mg
the question Then comes the
practicability of the question Can it
be carried on as successfully by the
teacher in the little sod school house
as well as by the teacher in the graded
school or college Yes a certain kind
of Child Study can and has been
carried on by teachers to a greater or
less extent ever since there have been
children to teach But have teachers
studied the child as much as they
should or even as much as they could
It may not be possible to measure
them as Hall Gilbert Russell and
many others are doing but we can in
form ourselves upon the doings of the
most advanced thoughts on this sub
ject and then study our pupils in the
light of the knowledge thus gained
and study them as E Harlow Puissell
has Primarily for the sake of the
ohild secondarily for the sake of
ourselves and incidentaly for the sake
of science or as another has put it
Primarily and directly for the sake of
the teacher indirectly for the sake ot
the child and incidentally for the sake
of science Whatever broadens the
teacher and gives him a greater love
for humanity cannot fail to affect the
little world known as the schoolroom
His originality is developed his
powers of observation sharpened by
the interest and sympathy in each one
of the individuals who claim a share
of his attention
The child is no longer looked upon
as something into whose mind a cer
tain amount of knowledge must be
crammed on whom a certain amount
of punishment must be inflicted with
out reference to cause or condition
In fact he becomes a living being on
whom the greatest care must be be
stowed the most earnest efforts of the
teacher must be given You know
how much more interesting plant life
becomes when viewed in the light of
botany How each insignificant
blossom holds for us a greater charm
when we unfold each tiny petal and
look for the beauties of nature in
color and forms When we think of
the growth and development and of
the wonderful plan and the care with
which each part adds beauty to the
whole so with the child When the
teacher stops to enquire to look into
to analyze the motives which make up
this little being when he understands
that education is a growth of body
mind and soul a deeper interest is
awakened and a desire to know the
child as be has never known it be
comes predominant
This study does not confine itself to
the school room but he must be stud
ied with reference to home and asso
ciation When the teachers interest
in the child reaches beyond the school
a bond of sympathy will be built up
hefcween teacher and pupil which will
extend to the home uniting parents
and teachers in -their efforts for the
promotion of the best that is in the
child This Child Study is not allot
ted to the lower grades only but in
every department arises the same
inquiry What is it doing for this
grade Is it not needed here Does
the teacher of Primary pupils alone
need to become thoroughly acquainted
with the pupils under her guidance
Have their likes and dislikes their
ideas and aspirations become so fixed
that there is no need of investigation
on the part of the teacher of older
pupils You will all agree with me
when I say No Every new im
pulse from the time he begins school
to the end of hjs school life must be
watched and guarded that the best
may become better
It is to be hoped that the new edu
cation may so scientifically arrange
the mode of instruction that the pub
lic school will more fully prepare the
boys and girls of our nation not only
for the pursuits and occupations but
in every sense make them true
American citizens
PROSPECTUS
The eleventh annual session of the
Teachers Institute of Cherry county
will be held from July 20 to Aug 1
1896 in the High school building
Valentine Nebraska
INSTRUCTORS
I am pleased to announce to the
teachers of Cherry county the efficient
and superior instructors we have
secured for the coming Institute
They are among the best in the state
Supt C M Pinkerton of Pairbury
Neb has had many years experience
in the public schools of Iowa and Ne
braska He has also worked in the
Institutes of Nebraska for the past
eight years and is thoroughly
acquainted with the needs of the
western schools He will present the
subject of Child Study and Mental
Science to the Institute Let every
teacher who desires to do better indi
vidual work in her school next year
make an effort to be present if for no
other than this work alone
Mrs J IT Pile of Nebraska Normal
College Wayne Neb who assisted us
last year will be with us this Institute
Every teacher in the county knows of
her excellent methods of teaching and
thorough instruction The merits of
her work are too well known to bo
further recommended
LECTURES
Supt C M Pinkerton of Pairbury
Neb will deliver a lecture subject
The Needs of the Hour Another
lecture and an entertainment will be
duly announced later
ATTENDANCE
Sec 6 Sub X of Nebraska School
Law states The County Supt may
at his discretion revoke the
or refuse to grant a certificate to
any teacher who refuses to attend the
Those desiring
County -Institute persons
siring to teach in this county during
the coming year are expected to be in
attendance at the Institute unless ex
cused by the County Superintendent
Renewals or endorsements of certi
ficates will not be granted to appli
cants who cannot furnish evidence of
having done professional reading dur
ing the year and of having attended
teachers meetings and Institute or
Summer school
PREPARATION
The outline accompanying this pros
pectus includes all work which will be
canvassed this session You will note
some of the work is a review of that
done during the past two years If
these subjects are carefully studied
and prepared before coming much
more can be accomplished during the
short Institute session
Bring any reference books you may
have together with pencils note books
and Pages Theory and Practice
EXPENSES
The best possible arrangements will
be made for board that teachers may
be present the first day and remain
until the close incurring little expense
The regular registration fee of fifty
cents will be charged to help defray
expenses
School Boards and all other persons
interested in educational work are
always welcome at any session and
cordially invited to attend the lectures
All schools must close during the
Institute
Very Sincerely
Lillian U Stoner
County Supt
OUTLINE FOR INSTITUTE
READING
vIvDEFJNTlONS
II
III
3
4
Acctmt emphasM inflection etc
Practical reading work for various grades
Attention will he given to methods of in
struction
Orthography work will be given in this
class
DRAWING
Forms of which the cube is the basis
Forms of which the cylinder is the basis
Attention will be given to Primary draw
ing shading and color work
CHILD STUDY
Special work will be given under this subject
together with Mental Science
CIVIL GOVERNMENT
I U S Government
1 Executive department
2 Legislative
3 Judicial
II State Government
1 Executive
2 Legislative
3 Judicial
m Comparing Departments of Govt
2 U S State County City Village and
Township
Note Special attention will be given to
methods of teaching the subject
GEOGRAPHY
Take the outline for local and state geography
as used last year Begin prep aration with state
of Nebraska
ARITHMETIC
I Numbers
11 Factoring
in Fractions
1 Decimal
2 Common
IV Percentage
1 Applications
V Involution and E volutin v
VI Mensuration
GRAMMAR
I Parts or Speech
1 Modifications
LT Sentences
1 Classes
a As to use
b As to structure
Ill Analvzinganu Parsing
PHYSIOLOGY
I Skeleton
1 Head trunk extremeties
2 Bones form use etc
II Nervous System
1 Composition division etc
Ill CIRCULATION
t1 0108 Wood lymphatic system etc
IV Narcotics
1 Effect upon various parts of the bodv
US HISTORY
I Origination
1 Exploration
2 Colonization
3 Consolidation
II Nationalization
1 Separation
2 Organization
3 Federalization
Ill EEFOK31ATION
k
1 Agitation
2 Emancipation -
3 Reorganization
Note Greater part of the time will be spent
on the third era
Classes in penmanship didactics or
two of the first grade branches if de-
sired will be organized during the In
stitute
The next of the series of papers on
educational subjects will be Objects
a id Modes of Punishment by U G
S fevenson after which will come Mr
Q H Dotys excellent article on Edu
cation Old and New with diagram
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