0
jJBEST WRITER
ON HOW TO GET RICH
Since some of our very rich men
liavo taken to public discourse upon
nil sorrf matters their utterances
have si J hat diminished their repu
tation for infallible wisdom It has
been discovered that a man may pos
sess great wealth and still fail of
complete mastery of the science of
government or the principles of po
litical economy Nay it is evident
that such a man may not even prove
a reliable guide to the inquirer who
seeks for the road to wealth
One of the most didactic of our
vivacious millionaires has recently de
clared that riches are within the
reach of every man who wishes to be
rich He asserts that there are but
two requisites for the acquisition of
wealth moderate intelligence and un
limited industry Given these he de
clares that any man can get rich
Which is of course entirely false
ml misleading even though it comes
fiom a gentleman who has piled up
gnat wealth and is now engaged in
piling up free libraries Everyone
knows that intelligence and industry
are not the sole essentials to the ac
quisition of riches Everyone knows
of men highly intelligent and thor
oughly industrious who can scarcely
make a living
It is true that intelligence and in
dustry are qualities favorable to the
attainment of wealth but it is not
true that the possession of those
qualities even in the highest degree
constitute any assurance of riches
The money making faculty is a
thing apart from other natural endow
ments An ignorant illiterate man
who possesses it will get rich and
intellectual genius without it will re
main poor all his life Like a gift for
music it can be cultivated but it can
not be acquired
The sayings of our loquacious mil
lionaires like the aphorisms in the
copybooks will not always bear analy
sis In the present instance the fal
sity of the proposition is evident to
everybody since a vast majority of
the people though they are intelligent
and hard working never acquire so
much as a modest competence let
alone wealth Chicago Record-Herald
MEDICAL COLLEGES
Medical colleges are responsible for
the horde of failures who parade as
doctors and do what they can to men
ace the public health Some of the
medical schools are get-rich-quick
schemes taking every applicant who
comes along with the requisite fees
They spoil hundreds of good farmers
mechanics shoemakers and black
smiths issue sheepskins and leave the
medical profession to struggle with
the reproach Every decent doctor
should join him and pursue the fak
ers grafters and moral perverters un
til it is made too warm for them to
continue in the profession A med
ical diploma ought to be beyond pur
chase by anyone not fitted in every
way for the responsibilities of a phy
sician Sioux City Tribune
FIRST DUTY OF THE SCHOOL
From the common school of the
country district to the highest univer
sity in the land the fundamental idea
of American education is to nmke
American citizens There is no thought
of making soldiers or office holders
or merchants or tracers or inventors
make citizens first then let each
young American choose for himself
the line of life he deems best suited to
his capacity he does choose and that
commonly without bias what he shall
be for young American has ideas of
his own and is ready to aid them too
on appropriate and even sometimes
on inappropriate occasions After all
however the best method of judging
of any system of education is in its re
sults and without saying a word in
disparagement of the people of any
other nation it may be said that in
eveiy essential quality the American
citizen has demonstrated his efficiency
in life and action the value of his
training St Louis Globe Democrat
KEEPING IDEALS
That was a wise old clergyman who
urged his brethren not to admit young
men to the ministry unless they were
evidently more broad minded and en
thusiastic in their faith than their
elders We must allow he said
for the inevitable shrinkage The
same allowance is necessary in every
life for the sure closing in of the real
upon the ideals of youth and the un
avoidable narrowing of hope and aim
that must come with middle age The
more idealism we start with the more
stoutly we defend it against the
shocks it is certain to reecive the
more joyous life will turn out to be
as we go on living The dreariness
of the middle aged view of life springs
largely from the fact that its ideals
are so shrunken as to be no longer
a source of vitality of renewal says
Harpers Bazar As long as we be
lieve hi life and in love and in friend
ship and in heroism and in other
ideal possibilities life is worth living
and we are strong to take our part
in it Living for ideals is happy and
courageous living Living without
them Is the dull gray life and apa
thetic end
GETTING BACK TO NATURE
Students of American life think
that they detect a distinct tendency tc
revert to nature The first effort is
of course to acquire a competence
the second to amass a fortune bui
the third is to own a country place
and to be able to spend all but the
winter months out in the open away
from the crowded dusty city Wheth
er this be an effect of inheritance a
harking back to the form whence all
city dwellers at one time or another
sprang or not it is an interesting
fact Health is better life is longei
and happier if all the time that can
be spared from the exactions of Dusi
ness be spent in the open air where
the breathing spaces are large the air
pure the sunlight clear warm and full
of comfort
THE CZARS PRIVATE FORTUNE
Many newspapers have seriously re
produced a telegram which appeared
in a Paris journal announcing thai
the Emperor Nicholas had presented
his private fortune amounting tc
eighty millions sterling 400000000
to the Russian government for wai
purpoSes It was added that this huge
sum stands to the credit of the emper
or in a bank of a country not friendlj
to Russia Eighty millions would be 3
pretty sort of a sum to be held al
call by any bank but the whole story
is a romance and so are all the other
tales about the emperors dealings
with his civil list The fact is thai
the emperor of Russia has no civi
list and he draws at his discretion on
the imperial treasury every rouble
of which is supposed to be his prop
erty and absolutely at his disposal
London World
COST OF INSECT PESTS
The extent of damage done by in
sects which prey on the agricultural
interests of the United States is but
little appreciated Twelve bugs ac
cording to reliable statistics do an
estimated damage to farm products ol
303000000 per annum The chinch
bug heads the list with 100000000
a year grasshopper 90000000 Hes
sian fly a reminder of the revolution
since the mercenaries hired by King
George brought its eggs over in the
straw for their horses 50000000
cotton worm and boll worm cotton
25000000 apiece cottonboll weevil
20000000 San Jose scale grain wee
vil apple worm and army worm 10
000000 apiece potato bug 8000000
and cabbage worm 5000000 Al
bany N Y Argus
WHOLESALE BANKING
No personal accounts large oi
small wanted here we do business
only with large corporations This
was the reply the president of one ol
the 25000000 Wall street banks gave
to an inquirer as to the minimum de
posit that institution would accept
It was a notification that this was dis
tinctly a wholesale bank Such
an answer would not have been made
five years ago But this is a new age
The billion dollar trust and the 25
000000 bank are to Wall street what
wireless telegraph is to electricity
wonders The vast demands of mod
ern industry often requiring the nego
tiation of a loan of 5000000 upon a
few hours notice with frequent calls
for stupendous accommodation from
transcontinental railroads or sjjjidi
cates financing foreign government
bond issues have called into being
these new banks veritable incarna
tions of power holding indeed the
safety and happiness of a people in
their hands Saturday evening -Post
HIGHER EDUCATION
It is not the least but one of the
greatest advantages of higher educa
tion that the woman of to day does
know herself much better than did her
mother or grandmother and with that
self knowledge comes a better under
standing of her relations to the world
about her The college girl of to day
is healthier stronger saner more in
dependent more resolute and more
useful than were the social butterflies
or the household drudges of her
grandmothers time In the experi
mental stages of this new develop
ment there may have been danger but
the education of the body as well as
the mind is now looked after in all our
girls colleges indeed much better
than in colleges for the other sex
Boston Transcript
CURBING TREE BUTCHERS
It is satisfactory to note that public
opinion is being aroused en the sub
ject of the wanton destruction of
shade trees by the servants of tele
phone telegraph and electric light
companies who are sent out to string
wires and who carry the implements
with which to make short work of a
tree which they deem in the way of
their operations Such outrages are
usually committed when those able
and willing to protect trees are away
from home Protests from women
count for very little and tears for
even less Against subsequent suits
for damages the companies are well
fortified If a valuable tree is once
spoiled what its owner can recover by
a suit at law would not trouble any
one Chicago Chronicle
1 Sfal
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3J3d
New Electric Block Signal
A train may throw its own dangen
signal two blocks ahead if the newly
perfected idea of a Canadian inventor
is in use This is an electric block
signal Intended for use upon railways
By the inventor it is intended partic
ularly to insure a more reliable- and
simpler device than those at present
in use and the tests have proved en
tirely satisfactory to critical railroad
men It is claimed that the device is
so arranged that the train aittamatic
ally will display a danger signal on
the block upon which it stands and in
the block ahead and that it may au
tomatically display a safety signal in
the block to the rear The system is
arranged for service on either single
or double tracks
Another useful signaling device Las
been recently brought into use by
electric city and suburban railways
This is so arranged that the motor
man may signal to the engineer at
the power house or the crew of the
following train or car when trouble
exists at his point on the line or in
case of accident to the train under
his operation It is claimed by this
that the seat of trouble may be defi
nitely pointed out to the officials at
the power house and sometimes reme
died from there without the delay and
overwork of sending a man out over
the line
Can Press His Own Trousers
Any man who desires to be particu
larly neat about his appearance will
not neglect to keep his trousers press
ed free from wrinkles There is prob
ably no other seemingly trivial thing
which will so detract from the per
sonal appearance of a man as wearing
a pair of wrinkled trousers Some
men are so particular about this point
that they pay more for pressing than
the trousers cost originally and oth
ers take advantage of the tailors offer
to keep their clothing pressed for a
year after purchase visiting the store
so often that the tailor gets sick of
his bargain With the aid of the in
vention shown in the picture it should
not be a difficult matter for a man to
keep his trousers in shape himself
without the necessity of visiting the
tailor at such frequent intervals as to
Vr3wfis
Designed for Use in the Heme
make his pocketbook suffer or cause
him to feel ashamed of himself This
device consists of a pair of flat boards
shaped like the trouser legs with a
set of clamping levers around the edges
which make it possible to draw the
two presser boards tightly together
These clamps consist of pivoted levers
having cam faces cf such shape as to
decrease the space as they are re
volved To use this trouser stretcher
and presser the bottoms of the legs
are first clamped in position Then
the waistband is pulled up until the
legs are tight and smooth after which
the remaining clamps are tightened
and the garment allowed to remain as
long as necessaiy
Flat Motor Boats
A series of experiments is now be
ing made with motor boats in France
which may revolutionize the construc
tion of these greyhounds of the river
and harbor Instead of building the
hull of the boats like toothpicks after
the fashion now approved they are
constructed like shingles the pur
pose being to have them skim over
the surface of the water instead of
plow through it A broad flat-bottomed
boat of 9 feet beam and 19
feet long was equipped with a motor
capable of driving an ordinary launch
eight or nine miles an hour She at
tained a speed of seventeen and one
half miles an hour a result which has
called forth still more experiments
Flat bottomed shallow boats have
proved very successful sailing craft
and large numbers of them may be
found on every sheet of water fre
quented by sailing boats but these
experiments with them as motor boats
are unique and it is expected that
they will result in a marvelous devel
opment of speed
To Save Life in Steamboat Disasters
A device which may prove of ser
vice in steamboat disasters has been
lately patented by a German inventor
who holds the theory that many per
sons are drowned because of their in
ability to keep the waves from dash
ing in their faces In order to guard
against this he has invented a life
mask fitted with a valve which per
mits the intake of air from overhead
but effectually keeps out the watei
The Restive Auto
See the red automobile standing
in
front of that house pop
Yes I see it my son
What makes it jump so pop
It is restive my boy
What makes it restive pop
Oh I suppose it sees some people
crossing the street a block or two
ahead
Running Will Do It
Wright What is that newspaper
canvasser running about so for
Penman Hes trying to get up a
lrculation
GOOD HOME MADE WINDMILL
Built by Nebraska Farmer at a Cost
of Only 25
W S E Please describe a wind
mill for pumping- water which may bo
made at homes
The windmill represented in the ac
companying illustration was built al
a cost of 23 It is in use for pumping
water on the farm of J S Peekhrm
in Nebraska The tower which staml3
20 feet high is made of in scan
tling the- cross pieces cins 2 by 4
inch material The tovrer spreads to
16 feet at the base The axis is S
inches square and 1G feet long and
the diameter of the mill 1G feet Each
of the eight arms carries a heavy
wooden fan 5V2 feet long and 5 feet
at the top tapering to 2 feet or 3
feet at the bottom Thus each of the
eight fans exposes nearly 25 square
feet of surface to the wind The
pumping capacity of this mill is nearly
one thousand gallons per hour in a
fifteen mile wind The description
and illustration of this windmill were
taken from Bulletin No 59 of the Uni
versity of Nebraska which is exclu
sively devoted to home made wind
mills
Staining a Floor
A M G Man Please tell me
whether it is better to paint or stain
an edge grain fir floor How should
stain be applied
Provided the floor is smooth and
clean staining is preferable to paint
ing as the stain which soaks into the
wood wears well and is very attract
ive A very satisfactory staining ma
terial is a weak solution of perman
ganate of potash This when first ap
plied produces a wine color but on
exposure to the air quickly oxidizes
becoming a rich oak shade In pre
paring the stain the permanganate of
potash should be dissolved in water
and diluted and a little of it applied
with a brush to a piece of smooth
board of the same material as the
floor this should be allowed to stand
exposed to the air for half an hour
if the color is too dark the stain must
be further diluted with water until the
desired shade is produced The floor
should be made verv clean and dry
soiled places being sandpapered One
application of the stain should be
given and when thoroughly dry one
or two coats cf good varnish should
be given This will protect the stain
leaving a beautiful surface in which
the natural grain of the wood may be
seen
An Asparagus Bed
R J E How should a bed of as
paragus be managed Should I cut
the small shoots that come up
No do not cut the small growth of
asparagus but let it grow until seed
is formed then cut and allow to lie
on bed over winter It would be bet
ter for the bed if you did not cut next
year but as one is always anxious foi
product you could cut a few of the
stronger sprouts leaving the rest It
is important that you cut down the
growths before the seed has matured
because if the ripe seed falls on the
ground the bed will become full ol
seedlings which will be much hardei
to destroy than other weeds Cover
the bed with a good coating of well
rotted manure each fall and fork il
over very carefully early in the
l spring Alter tne oeu is in mil uear
ing a top dressing of nitrate of soda
each spring would be beneficial using
about 250 pounds per acre 1
Soggy Potatoes
W E G I can grow excellent po
tatoes but when stood in a cool cellar
all winter they become very wet and
soggy
edy
What is- the cause and
Should judge that your soil has
much to do with the watery condition
of your potatoes and should advise
that you underdrain your land The
first cost of doing this is considerable
but the results obtained in better and
larger crops added to the fact that
the land is in condition to be worked
earlier and later than land not drain
ed will in a very short time pay
all cost of draining A slightly higher
storing temperature might be better
but the soil has much to do with the
mcisture in the tubers
Curing Egg Eating
Take an egg and puncture a small
hele on the side take a small piece
of stick about the size of a match
stick it into the egg and churn the
egg with it constantly dipping the
stick into a little red pepper and mus
tard until the egg is thoroughly in
pregnated with the pepper and mus
tard then put it in the nest where the
hen usually lays with the open side
up and let the hen get it as soon as
she wants She will never trouble
the eggs again and it will not injure
the hen one bit This will stop the
habit in the most inveterate egg
eater
LIE STOCK
Jews
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Profitable and Profitless Stock
Ak a Wisconsin institute A E Rob
erts said With strait of good blood
there is no difficulty in making a steer
tio years of age tej the market and
bring a good profit for the feed aad
eare given However the great balk
of stock shipped to our leading mar
kets is not of the above quality One
will readily ascertain at the stock
yards that quality counts for more
than quantity and that fat alon is not
sufficient Buyers will ride into a pen
where good cattle are and perhaps will
raise their first bid in order to get
them The seller easily disposes of
them at the top price of the day
This class are of high grade good
beef type and conformation with ca
pacity for producing thd greatest per
centage of high priced meat They are
what the buyers term the smooth
fleshy lot This class of cattle com
prise only about 10 per cent of the
bulk In adjoining pens buyers wjll
ride in view the stock then ride away
with the remark I will not give that
price they are too rough The seller
has to work to dispose of them and
when he does the price is disappoint
ing to the farmer as it is only about
one half the price offered for the best
class A portion of this class consists
of stock with an infusion of dairy
blood While they make good gains
their feed goes to the production of
internal fat A greater per cent are
common unimproved inferior animals
in finish as well as form This class
comprises about 50 per cent of the
stock forwarded to market This
means that the farmer has received
about half the price for the animals
he has raised and forwarded to mar
ket that he would have gotten if they
had been properly bred grown and
finished It has taken as much of the
food of maintenance and as much feed
to grow every pound of their weight as
though they were worth twice the
money It is folly to attempt to engage
in beef production with such a class of
animals especially where stall feeding
and intensive farming are practiced
There is no reason why such stock
should be grown as the type and con
formation can be improved by the use
of good beef bred sires and the more
grading up by pure blood animals of
approved form the better the results
Four or five generations Of pure bred
sires will establish a herd of live stock
practically as good for all feeding pur
poses as pure breeds
Goat Meat and Kid Meat
A circular of the United States De
partment of Agriculture says While
it is generally agreed among those
who speak from experience that the
kids of all breeds of goats are a deli
cacy it is true that among the great
mass of the people of this country
there is a prejudice against anything
bearing the name of goat Within
the environments of all of the larger
cities are found many kids and it is
evident that only a few of them grow
to maturity What becomes of them
Butchers and meat dealers answer
the question by saying that they pass
over their blocks as lamb No meat
dealer has heard of a complaint of the
quality of such lamb A consider
able number of mature common goats
are purchased by the packing houses
of the larger cities They are pur
chased as goats and sold either in
the carcass or canned as mutton and
many who decry goat meat have un
consciously eaten it many times no
doubt This does not mean that the
meat is as palatable as good mutton
but it may be as good as poor mutton
and so the consumers criticism con
cerns the quality and not the kind
The flesh of any mature common goat
is not palatable to most persons who
have tasted it This is due to the
strong taste and to some extent to
its toughness Proper care in dress
ing would probably mitigate if not en
tirely prevent the strong taste and
feeding on grain would lend to pro
duce a more tender carcass Both
these points however will hardly re
ceive attention from anyone who may
contemplate going into the industry
for the reason that they will add ma
terially to the cost of production The
excellent quality of the kid meat has
already been mentioned It is safe
to say that the existing prejudice
against it would disappear if people
were to test it and in time a good
market ought to be built up for all
that can be produced However the
question arises Will it pay to raise
common goats for the sale of kids
The farmer will have to determine
this matter for himself If a ready
market were established for the kids
at say 150 each and if one dee can
raise three or four kids annually it
can hardly be doubted that the indus
try could be made profitable At this
time no such market exists
The losses from lice on pigs are fre
quently severe especially in the case
of young pigs Death sometimes re
sults directly from the attacks but
more often comes indirectly in the
way of cholera or other disease that
was able to fasten itself on the hogs
because cf the systems being weak
ened from the presence of lice on the
animals
Where green manures are grown
for the purpose of being turned under
it is advisable to grow them on the
distant parts of the farm so that
the barnyard manure may be applied
on the fields nearest to the barns
In that way labor is saved
Breed Intelligently
breeding is the mistake
1 of the hour Jn the breeding- ofi swine
The practice is the one most popu
larly followed because ib i the eas
iest It is moving toward the point of
least resistance This however 13 not
the profitable way to breed Most
men wilt follow It for to go la an
other direction requires too much
thought too much study too much in
vestigation and too much work Yet
the bard road is the one that leads to
prosperity in the hog raising business
If a man is going into the scientific
breeding of swine he should know
what products certain matings will
bring forth For such there is no rulo
but there are numerous rules some of
which have not been discovered The
field for development In this direction
is large To the aid of such a breeder
must bo brought all the experiences of
others incorporated in books or ob
tained orally Swine breeding is not
the narrow subject It seems It has
many phases and each feature of
these sub divides almost indefinitely
To be successful a man must not ex
haust his entire energies in mere
manual labor but must leave himself
some energy for deep thought and
mental questioning
Rice Hulls in Stock Feed
Mention was made in our last report
of the experiments then being con
ducted of determining the digestibility
of rice bran and polish These exper
iments were brought to a successful
conclusion and the results embodied in
Bulletin No 77 just issued A fact
was brought out in these experiments
which was not sought because it was
not suspected It was a valuable reve
lation however and the strong hand
of the law may be invoked to sup
press its future existence It was
found that it was a common custom
of the rice mills in this state to grind
up the hulls of the rice and mix the
same with the bran In many in
stances this adulteration reached 50
per cent of the total feed By the new
process of milling rice it is claimed
that a small quantity of hulls neces
sarily finds its way into the bran but
so large a quantity as 50 per cent can
only be accounted for by mixing of
the two with the intention of fraud
Rice hulls are not only of no nutritive
value but absolutely injurious from
a physiological standpoint greatly in
juring the mucous linings of the stom
ach Louisiana Station
Best Horse to Raise
There is no doubt that the best
horse for the farmer to raise is the
draft horse The farmer needs some
times to raise roadsters and driving
horses but in the main the draft leads
all others There are many more
draft horse The farmer needs some
kind The demand is not so much for
an improved kind of horse as for a
first class animal of the kinds we now
have The draft horse can be raised
with little expense to the farmer and
he begins to pay his way before the
time comes to market him The draft
colt works in easily with the general
work of the farm The farmer may
find it difficult to sell a light harness
horse for carriage purposes but he
never has trouble in selling a first
class draft horse In any event it
should be remembered that it requires
no more labor to care for a good draft
horse than for a poor one The horse
of quality will consume no more feed
than the other but the margin be
tween cost and selling price is very
much greater in the case of the good
horse than between the cost and sell
ing price of the inferior horse
Rye for Dairy Cows
When rye is to be used for feeding
cows in the spring it should be sown in
the latter part of August or in the
early part of September So sown it
will get well started and cover the
ground well before winter comes on
If it grows too well it is easy enough
to reduce its thrift by turning in the
calves sheep or cows for a few weeks
in the fall This pasturing should not
be continued long enough to reduce
the covering to a point where the
roots will be injured later by the
severities of winter In the sowing
of the seed about three bushels should
be used per acre as this gives a finer
stemmed rye than the ordinary amount
of seed and this fineness makes it
more agreeable to the cows The use
of the rye crop is found in the early
spring before the pasture grasses have
had time to develop When the grass
comes on the cows will abandon the
rye for the grass the taste of which
they prefer to that of the rye
Good and Bad Feeding
Presuming that a breeder has swine
of first quality the feeding becomes a
question cf great importance It is
often remarked that this and that
breeder failed because he bought ani
mals of fancy breeding points and
then gave them scrub care This is
always a fatal mistake The pure
bred animals have received many
backsets in reputation from tfiis
cause Take any of our best strains ot
hogs and let them be turned into a
poor feed lot and be given little grass
and much corn A few generations of
that kind of feeding will give us a
scrub progeny with a good set of pedi
grees That is a case where the pedi
gree is worth less than nothing It is
not enough to know that an animal
has a good line of ancestors it is
necessary also to know how its im
mediate ancestors have been fed
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