DECOBATION-DAr.
Tie war-cry thro' the land is stilled.
The cannon's sullen Hpsarc dumb ;
To-day.througbout our laudvve bear
The solemn beal of muffled drum.
Tbe Hags hang drooping from the fataff
The streets are filled with grave-eyed men ;
Jang dormant memories sprlnc to life
We live the dead past o'er aijaln.
"Wo see thro ] mists of falling tears
Tbeivlld , fierce strife of armed bands
"We hear the clash of. hostile steel ,
We feel tbc touch of vanished hands.
We part , as In the days of yore ,
From loved ones long since In the grave ;
We hear that mournful sound again ,
The clanking fenters of the. slave.
"We see the'llnes of Blue and Gray
Massed for the fight , as in the past ;
"We hear the nelglrng of the steeds -4-
And waken to ourselves at last.
Instead of strife , the lute of peace
Breathes softly o'er a grateful land ;
Instead of arms the dainty flowers ,
Arc strenn about on every hand.
The Gray now mingles with. tbelJluo
In that ctemnl sleep called death ,
Their strife Is o'er and in the end
We mourn them all with equal breath.
From far-off lands we come to place
Sweet blossoms on the honored tombs
And wonder vaguely will they see
© ur offerings from their narrow rooms !
The eraptv sleeve n Northman bears
Is matched by one from Southern lands ;
The fair May-blossoms they would strew
Find other eager , williug hands.
And as the one-time waniors stand
" " With tear-dimmed eyes , to lend their aid
Their very actions seem to pay
"This brotherhood hath all repaid. "
- Their strife Is o'er , their work complete ,
And that for which they strove Is done
We who remain can but applaud
A noble battle grandly won.
"They bnilded better than they knew"
A goodly structure our fair land ;
v
.We mourn the dead but glaC see
The Blue and Gray eland hand in band.
Edwin 0. WJiedcr , in The Current.
SPOOPENDIiE'S PIE.
He Sliows Mrs. S. flow His Mother
Used to Make 'Em.
"My dear , " said Mr. Spoopendyke ,
folding his napkin and pushing his
chair back from the table , "my dear ,
'you are a pretty good housekeeper ,
and once in a while you contrive to
cook up a fair meal , but you liave no
business fooling around a mince pie.
There never was but one woman who
could make a mince pie , and that was
my mother. "
"I thought this was nicereturned
Mrs. Snoopendye , with just a little
quiver resting on her lip. "I got it
out of the cookbook "
"And you'd better put it right back
in the book as a warning to other am
ateurs , " continued Mr. Spoopendyke.
"I don't say that this is especially bad ,
only it doesn't meet with all the re
quirements of pie as they were in
stilled into my young mind. You
might work it onrfoundling hospitals
that nevei had any mother , but it
hasn't the soul i used to get out of pie
when I lived at home. "
"How did your mother make the
mmce pie , dear ? " asked Mrs. Spoop
endyke. "If I knew what she used ,
perhaps I could get UD one of which
you would eat six slices instead of
four. " And with this purely feminine
dig , Mrs. Spoopendyke looked mod-
.estly downward and began foldino-
knife pleatings in the table cloth. °
"Come ! " exclaimed Mr. Spoopen
dyke , jumping impetuously from his
chair. "If you've got the ingredi
ents , IU1 show you how to make a pie
that will draw howls of envy from the
neighbors , " and Mr. Spoopkenclyke
Jedthe % way to the kitchen. "Where's
your chopping tray and the apples ?
Fetch me the hand guillotine and the
beef ! Look alive now , my dear/and
we'll startle the world with some rev
elations on the abstruse subject of
mince pie ! "
"Let me put this big towel around
your neck , so you won't grease vour
clothes , " suggested Mrs. Spoopend'yke ,
dragging out a huge crash towel.
"XVhat's that for ? " demanded her
husband , contemplating it with no
amount of favor. "Which end of the
pie is that thing supposed to have in
fluence with ? If I make up my mind
when I get through that this pie wants "
to be shaved , I'll put on this skirt , but
in the meantime I vant room for all
my limbs. Now , " he continued , as ho "
dumped the beef and apples into the
tray and went at them vigorously with
; thb chopping knife ; "now you watch
the proceedings and note now this pie
begins tp assume proportions. "
"Didn't your mother peel the apples
oefore she chopped them ? " askedMrs.
Spoopendyke , quietly.
"Eh ! " ejaculated Mr. Spoopendyke.
slowing up a little and looking into
the tray distrustfully. "Of course
not , " and he resumed'his labors with ii
more energy. "If you did , there's
where you made your mistake. I sup
pose you peeled the beef , too , didn't (
ye ? "Though I don't know , " and he
stopped short and regarded his work
attentively. "It strikes me this meat
vrould'chop finer if some one had drop
ped a pile driver on it once or twice.
Anyway , you don't want your meat
too fine , and I guess this will do , " smd
Mr. Spoopendyke set the tray lull of
jumps on the table and rolled up his
sleeves.
"What will you have now , dear ? "
inquired his wife , tenderly.
"Some flour and water. " replied
3Jr. Spobpendyke , cheerily. "It's ? tho
crust of a pie that is its gentit.- ,
and I'm going to turn out a slab
of pastry that will be a monu
ment to the artist who is weav
ing this job. Gimme the.flour . and
waterwhile I feel as one upon
whom the spirit of a successful pie
rests visibly ! "
Mrs. Spoopendyko brought out the a
material and once more resum
ed the relation as a pupil to the ex
ercises.
"Anything else , dear ? " she ask
ed , as Mr. SpoopendyJie wet down
his flour and jammed his fists in the
paste.
"Nothing but profound silence , " re
torted her husband. "The chief trou
ble with the crust to your pie is that
you allow your attention to be dis
tracted from it at the critical moment.
I , on the contrary , will stop boxing
this overcoat for that mince meat just
at the second it reaches flakiness , " and
lie slammed in more ilour-and plunged
again into his ambitious effort in tho
way of crust. "There ! " said he when
he had fought it to the cbnsistency of
sand and mucilage and rolled it out
* tato iwo tnick chtfnks. "There is the
triumph of pie over puttering ! Lead
out" the pan whom the gods would
honor , and let's see how * this combina
tion of hereditary intelligence and ac
"
quired brains "will go when it's
cooked ! " '
Mrs. Spoopendyke hande'd him a pie-
pan into which he dropped his bottom
crust , and then poured in the mince
meat :
"Got to lift your teeth pretty high
to get around some of-the meat , " he
observed , as he tried to poke the
lumps into position with a stick.
"I'm not sure whether mother used to
grate the mea't or crack it with a ham
mer , but it don't make so much dif
ference. It's the crust that talks ,
when you come to conversation on pie.
Now , you do this , " and ho marked
out a sprig on the top crust with his
thumb ; "and when you .get it on , thus ,
you pinch it around the edges , so.
See ? My mother used to have an old
wheel out of a wooden clock , and she
printed landscapes in holes all over
the pie. But that isn't necessarV. It
adds luster , but no dignity , to the per
formance. Now , we put it in tho
oven , this wise , and in a short time we
will have accomplished results in the
immediate line of pie. "
' 'It is really wonderful how well you
remember how your mother made
them , " smiled Mrs. Spoopendyke.
"You won't feel badly because it
beats yours ? " said Mr. Spoopendyke ,
kindly. "You won't cry ? " and he
chucked her under the chin , and
opened the stove door cautiously to see
how affairs were progressing.
"I'll try not to , " replied Mrs.
Spoopendyke , casting her eyes down ,
and suppressing something that sound
ed like a'sob.
"Let's see. Yon stick in a broom
splint , don't you , when you want to
know if the pie is done ? Where's
your broom ? Show mo the happy
broom that is to be immortalized by
testing this grand apotheosis of pie ! "
Mrs. Spoopendyke produced tho
broom , and the husband , carefully se
lecting one of the splints , jabbed away
at the upper crust.
"It won't go in , " he remarked , rath
er dolefully1 , selecting another with
similar results. "The trouble is with
the broom. Haven't you got a broom
that knows something about its busi
ness , or is this one of those pious
brooms that won't work on Sundays ? "
and he broke up several more splints
in a vain endeavor to penetrate tho
pie.
pie."Hadn't you better try tho handle ,
dear ? " suggested Mrs. Spoopendyke.
"No , 1 hadn't better try the handle ,
dear ! " mimicked Mr. Spoopendyke.
"Come out here , and let's see what's
the occasion of this uncalled for resist
ance ! " and Mr. Spoopendyke hauled
his pie out of the oven and fired it
down on the table. "Got an idea that
you're going to be assassinated with a
broom splint , haven't ye ? Think
you're a sort of a bulwark of Ameri
can liberties and bound to resent for
eign intervention , don't ye ? Well ,
you ain't ; you're only a measly pie ,
and you're going to have something
stuck in ye , if it takes a cold chisel
and a cannon ! " and Mr. Spoodendyke
stabbed at it with a fork , and then
with a chopping-knife , " without pro
ducing the faintest impression.
"You're up in pie , what d'ye suppose
is the matter with the thing ? " he
asked , turning bn his wife.
"If I'd been your mother , I should
have put some lard in the crust , " re
turned Mrs. Spoopendyke , compla
cently.
"I don't know how yon're going to
get lard in a crust that you can'tpene-
with a beyonet ! " retorted Mr. Spoo
pendyke , upon whom it begau to dawn
that thero was a hitch somewhere.
"I've almost forgotten how mother
did try pies to see if they were done. "
"Did she club ? "
ever try a inquired
Mrs. Spoopendyke , timidly.
"No , she didn't try a club ! " roared
Mr. Spoopend\ke. Come thither , my
gentle pie ! " he howled , planting his
hst in the middle ot the apparatus.
"Listen to the vo.ce of the siren in
quiringly within ! and hu dropped it on
the floor , arid planted his heel upon it.
"Front door closod for repairs ; en-
trauco at the buck ! " aud he kicked the ,
whole business to the cu-ling.
"Your mother must have been very Jj
vigorous tor her age , " observed Mrs.
Spoopundyke , calmly.
* l'ts those gasteu lumps of meat , "
snarled Mr. Spoopeud ke , picking up
his p e , and examining its knobs and
bumps attent.vely. " 1 thought they'd
melt when subjected to intense heat.
Anyway , tho inside of that pie is all
-it | , if l could only : et the ld ; off.
Got : ui\thing I can get. under the
edge and lift the roof olr this business ?
riiuiuu that can opener ! Give way ,
now ! Whooo ! Onc more ! Ki yah ! All .
together , now ! Whe-e-e ! There she
coTnes ! " And the crush gave way re- *
'
vealmg chunks of beef and apple'par-
ings , hiif-uooked.md still steaming.
"I suppose j'our mother put in the
spiceaud ei lor after the hired man
had wrenched the pie open , " remarked
Mrj. Spo'ipemlyke , solemnly.
You do , do ye ? " squealed Mr.
Spoopeudyke , sqatting down and
resting his hands on his knees , while
he grinned in his wife's face. "That
lump of quicksilver you call your
mind , has got around to where it
transacts the supposing business , has
itf P'raps you don't like thu pie ! I
sjposo you've got some fashionable no
tion that you don't care to ussou ate
'
with this p'ie ! Well , you needn't. I
don't force unpleasant acquaint-inci's
on my wife. I believe in making home
paradise , I do ! Go forth , pie ! " aud
he shied it through the window , glass ,
sash , and all. "That suit you ? " he
yelled. "Does your moral nature feel
relieved by the absence of .the pie you
have been instrumental in casting ,
upon the chilled charities of an un
sympathetic world ? ' '
" 1 guess that pie can take care of
itself , " suggested Mrs. Spoopendyke ,
soothingly. "The next time I make
one , I'll try and have it just as your
mother used to. "
"You'll fetch it ! " roared Mr.
Spoopendyke , stamping up and down
tiie kitchen and slapping the flour off
his coat. "You never had any trouble
with things , atter I had shown you
how ! Some day I'll pour lard in your
ear , and spice in your eye , and leave
you in , the oven to reflect en howyoK'd
like to be cut off from intellectual so- "
cial intercourse , just because you ain't
half baked ! " and Mr. Spoopendyke
slammed * the door after him , aud
mounted the staircase with heavy
tread.
I don't care , " murmured Mrs.
Spoopendvke , as she swept up the de
bris , "I d'on't care. If that is the
way his mother made-pie , I don't
wonder it left a strong impression on
his mind. "
And with this charitable view of
the situation , Mrs. Spoopendyke sat
down to the consideration of whether
she'd better make a false train for
her now black silk. Crate's Traveler's
Magazine. _ '
Narcotic Plants.
In VicK's Floral Magazine we read
of a flower which creates laugh'ter. It
grows in Aiabia ; the llowers are of a
bright yellow and the seed resembles
small black beans. These are dried
by the natives and pulverized , and it
is said that suiall doses make a person
behave like a circus clown or a mad
man , for he will dance , singand laugh
most boisterously , and carry on in a
ridiculous way for about an hour. The
stage of excitement is followed by ex
haustion and sleep.
This reminds us ot an experiment
we made many year's ago. Wo had
seen Prof. James R. Buchanan ex
perimenting with pulverized herbs by
placing them in the palms of the
hands of a class of medical students.
While they sat in a sort of expectant
mood , waiting for something to turn
up and holding various" powdered
herbs in closed fists , every now and ;
then some one of them would tell of
the symptoms which were being pro- '
duced upon him. It was to us then a
new and surprising revelationthat'
medicine could thus act without being ,
taken into the stomach , and wo are
not yet fully satisfied as to the way
they do act under such circumstances.
But having seen Prof. Buchanan's ex-
exneriments we were led to try it our
selves on a couple of boys about sev
enteen years of age. Powdered CanT
nabis Indica from the same plant
which gives hasheesh , a narcotic used
by the natives of India , was placed in
one hand of each of the boys , whilos
they sat quietly waiting to see what'
would turnup. One of them soon com
menced to titter and then to laugh
boisterously , and soon ho became so
hilarious with excitement that we
thought best to take tho drug away
from him. Ho soon sobered down ,
During the period of excitement we
tried to get him to say why he was
carrying on in such a way , but he was
utterly unable to give any explanation
for it other than he felt that way.
The other boy quietly nodded off to
sleep in his chair.
This experiment illustrates two im-
portant things ; first , that medicine
can exert an action in this curious
manner , andsecjond , that a medicine
will act differently on different per
sons , according to temperament or
indiosyncracy , or susceptibility , what
ever you choose to call it. Further
more , it may be remarked that both
'
the exhilera'tmg and the stupifymg re
sults observed in these cases are
,
known to bo the effects of hashees ,
upon the human system when taken'
internally.
The description of the "laughing
plant" given by Vick does not corre
spond with the botanical description n
of the Cannabis Indica plant , though
there are some similarities , but in ef
fects they are evidently quite alike.
Fish and Fishermen.
Trout are caught in the Truckee e
River , Nev. , so easily that any one b
with a bit of crooked wire tied to a
w
stick can get a basketful. wh
Winter fishing in Lake Manitoba h
lias become auite ( an industry , several te
hundred persons being engaged in it. si
The fish is sold on the ice at a cent siu
and a quarter a pound , or three cents C
delivered at the railway. b
In Lord Mansfield's fishing grounds , 6
near Scone Palace on the Tay , a sal 6vi
mon weighing eighty pounds was re vicl
cently taken. It was returned to its c
element. The heaviest Tay fish on
record weighed seventy pounds. SJ
In 18721rOOO marked'salmon were la
turned into the Weser , but not until c
recently ! was the first capture reported. 01
The fish was taken near the place tc
where it was put into the water. It tcP1
weighed thirty pounds , and its marks P1
showed that it was thirteen years old "
in 1872.
e
A race between a trout and a water tr
snake was recently witnessed near' trai
Oswego , N. Y" . The fish was on its is
spawning ground , and kept swimming isS
about in a circle , a little in advance S-
of its pursuer. The snake finally dia
caught the fish by the tail , but the tl
trout , had the use of its fins , and kept tc
its body well ahead of the snake. The le
snake then backed up toward shore , lebi
and with one final effort drew the fish bial
of the and swallowed .
out water it. ti
tisi
Wilkin's Star Proverbs. sial
al
Give the devil his du-de. ti
Many a many is a fool for revenue tiai
only. aibi
Sunbeams support the floor of bi
heaven. bioi
Thu waste basket is mightier than sr
the pen. srei
Silence is the gold plating for a st
fool's tongue. fe
febi
The diunkard's thread of life is bi
wound on reul. fr
frcl
When hope d'es the devil ailds an clbi
other du-ilp to his belt. bi
heirs is . \ \
Splitting nothing new. "
Solomon attempted it.
at
And he said : "Let there be elite , "
and the "first family" bounded into
the world.
of
Hope builds a nest in a man's heart
where disappointment hatches its
brood.
A little learning in a fool , like
scanty powder in a large gun , will
sometimes make considerable noise.
Whitehall Times.
Not So Sensible ,
"Father , " exclaimed young Jenkins ,
entering the old gentleman's office ,
"I have sold my printing offi.se "
"Sit down , Tom. I am glad to see
that you are so sensible. " is
"Yes , father , 1 have sold my office ,
but I have bought another one. "
"Get up ! You have lost what little 'the
sense you ever did have. " Arkansaus
Traveler.
FAEM MANAGEMENT.
How to Treat Wounds In Farm Animals
Suggestions on Balslng Oak Trees
from Seed General Industrial
*
Miscellany.
Wounds In Animals.
There are two * principal methods ,
writes an Englishveterinary surgeon ,
by which wodnds are repaired. The
first of these , and the more favorable
of the two , is the method termed by
surgeons healing by the first intention.
Under favorable circumstances this
takes place in an incised wound when
the surfaces are brought carefully to
gether and maintained in close con
tact after bleeding has ceased. The
two surfaces then become cemented
-together by the formation of a thin in
termediate layer of new tissue. The
other principal mode of repair is heal
ing by the second intention. That is
what takes place in large incised
wounds when the cut surfaces can not
be brought and maintained in opposiP
tion , antl it is the invariable method
of repair in punctured and lacerated
wounds. Here the gap in the texture
becomes filled up by the growth of new
material taking place from the bottom
of the wound , while a new skin grows
inwards from the edge of the wound.-
This skin , however , is not exactly
similar to the natural healthy skin
from which it extends , being thinner ,
more delicate , and without any hair.
A third and much rarer process of
healing in wounds is what is termed
immediate union. In this it is said ,
the divided surfaces being brought
into accurate contact unite without
the intermediate growth of any new
texture. It is questionable if such is
really the ca.se , but it is certain that
sometimes in small wounds the cut
surfaces when placed together unite
so speedily and exactly that no scar is
left. In an incised wound treatment
in the first instance should be directed
toward favoring union by the first in
tention. The essentials for this
are a sound constitution on the
part of the animal , accurate
and close contact with the divided
surface , and the absence of inflamma
tion in the wound. Without man's
interference this process would sel
dom or never ensue in the lower ani
mals , for in all wounds except the
smallest the cut surfaces gape apart
unless some means be adopted to keep
them together. The means common S
ly adopted by surgeons for this pur
'
pose are the'application of strips of
plaster across the surface of the
wound , or the passing of sutures P
through its edge. la adopting the
former ( plan , a few strips , according
to ( the length of the wound , should be
applied at intervals ; but the entire
surface ] should never be entirely cov
ered by the plaster. The surfaces ,
moreover , should not be brought to a
gether until bleeding has been arrest
ed , for should a clot of blood be ef
Cifi
fused into the wound it would prevent a
healing by this method. Sutures are
simply stitches used to tie or sew the th
edges or surface of a wound together. lu
They are used of various materials , n
such as thread , horsehair , cat-gut , and th
siw
wire. Nothing further need be said ol
about the application of these , since at
their insertion into a wound should et
always be left to a veterinary surgeon. ai
Iiai a punctured or a contused or lacer so
ated wound , where the surfaced can som
not be maintained together , or where m
inflammation ensues in such a wound , er
then the treatment must bo that favor P
able to healing by the seoond inten IK
tion. Inflammation , shown by redness , th
swelling , and great tenderness of the ar
eages < of the wound , should be com- sp
battedby ; assiduous bathing with hot sa
water. In a contused and lacerated br
wound , such as "broken knees , " par th
ticles of sand and other foreign mat
ter must be carefully and lightly cu
sponged from the surface ; in punct pt
ured ; wounds , or stabs , it must be made ar
certain that nothing remains in the es
bottom of the wound and in
< ; all class ra
es of wounds in this
healing way pro cti
vision must be made to allow the dis of
charge from the wound a ready es at
cape. ct
cape.With
With the last object it is often neces
sary , in a punctured wound , to en df
large the opening , or to make what is la
called a "counter-opening" that is. er
one running from the surface upward th
the deepest part of the wound. The ke
necessity for a free escape from a nc
punctured wound is seen in the case of bi
" of the feet. These
"pricks" are gen ot
erally simple in their effects if the lo
tract of the nail be carefully followed
and enlarged ; but if not , the nail-hole Pi
apt to become obstructed , and be
prove insufficient for the escape of the
discharge from the wound. In that PC
ap
case the discharge accumulates within flc
the hoof , and gradually forces its way flcM
toward the surface , in the direction of 1Z
least resistance , and hence ceases to of
burst out at the top of the hoof. In ofAi
all wounds union is promoted by put Ai
ting the part at rest. In the case of pj
such large animals as the horse this is
es
always extremely difficult , and some 1S
times it may be necessary to put the 1SGi
animal in slings. Gi
Healthy wounds are seldom much
re
benefitted by the application of lotions
ointments. When the wound is of
m
small size it is best to leave it uncov
ar
ered ; and if it be in summer it may be tr
smeared with zinc ointment , or with in
forty parts of olive oil to one of car di
bolic acid. In large wounds the sur-
ta
face should be lightly covered with a taH
cloth kep t wet with a solution of car H
bolic acid in forty parts of water.
bl
When a wound shows what is called blw
"proud flesh" it should be rubbed over w
he
its most prominent part with sul
phate of copper ( bluestone ) , or washed Pi
with , a solution containing two ounces
sugar to a pint-bottle of water. J
vi
Raising Ojk Trees. SI
During the past few years large of
quantities of acorns have been taken y
from this country for the purpose of
planting. White-oak acorns are pre sim
ferred , and they have been cniefly ob <
tained in the state of Missouri. They m
are generally planted on sandy or at
broken land that is intended for past
uring sheep. In Great Britain sheep c.iP
are accustomed to eat acorns , and it P <
considered profitable to raise sheep bz
for food. No variety of oak has re- lo
rceived much attention at the hands of
planters of fruit trees , They state atM
that the tree makes a vary slow atwi
growth , and for this reason they prefer wi
to plant trees that grow rapidly and
furnish fuel and timber in a snorter
time. A foreign writer suggests that
oaks may be raised to excellent ad
vantage in connection with other va
rieties of trees that grow rapidly. He
admits that oaks gronv slowly while
they are young , but states that they
increase in size rapidly when they are
fifteen or twenty years old. He there
fore recommends planting a row of
oaks between the rows of quick-grow
ing trees. The latter will be large
enough to use for various purposes
when they are from fifteen to twenty
years old. If care is exercised they
may be cut down so as not to injure
the young oaks. These treesbeing
removed the oaks will grow rapidly
and completely occupy the ground.
Oaks are easy to propagate , as the
acorns can be'obtained at small cost
and are almost certain to germinate.
Acorns aro much easier to manage
than . large nuts like those produced on
the hickory or pecan tree. They can
bo planted where it is desired to have
them grow , or in nursery rows , from
which the small trees may bo taken up
when they aro at a suitable size to
transplant. The value of the oak can
scarcely be overestimated. The wood
is excellent for fuel , timber and posts.
The trues afford good shade , and
would be regarded as highly orna
mental if they were not so common.
Industrial Brevities.
An improved lead-headed nail for"
use in putting on corrugated iron roofs
has made its appearance in the En
glish market. The shank of the nail
is round and sufficiently sharp at the
point to enter the wood readily , and
may be driven home in the same way.
The head flattens under the blows of
the hammer , or a punch may be used
which will give it a conical head. The
lead of the head comes in contact
with the sheet-iron in such a way as
to lessen the chance of leaking.
A lamb that is found on"a rainy
morning nearly dead with cold should
be taken at once into a warm room
biai
and put into a hot bath. Have the
aiw
water at 95 degrees and put the little
thing all under except its head. It
should bo keptthere till thoroughly
warmed through , then fed a couple of
spoonfuls ! of now milk , and rubbed
dry : and chafed till the least dampness
has : disappeared. It is surprising how
quickly ' this will revive a lamb that
q'E past help.
Reports repeating the cocoa crop in
Equador are said to be desheartening.
IrP m .ny districts the blight has ap
peared < , and as no storms have occured
tc kill the insects which cause it ,
tcm
tcJj damage is being done. Between
Jan. 1 and Feb. 20 , the total receipts
inP1 Gtiyaquil were only 1,118,891
pounds , as against 2,483,421 pounds
during the same period of last year
decrease of 1,305,027 pounds , or more
than 50 per cent. *
The preparation of rennet , to insure
perfect article , begins with the
treatment and care of the calf. Every
thing to promote the character of a
healthy animal , not pampered and
not cloyed , should be adopted. On
the other hand , starvation will be as
objectionable as over-feeding. The
animal should in no case be slaugter-
ed until it is a healthy , vigorous one ,
and this may be determined Msually
soon after birth.
The trucksters about Cincinnati
make quite an extensive use of brew
ery waste , or slops , for fertilizing pur
poses. Thev seem to look upon it as
being of considerable value. 'Some of
them compost it with stable manure
and similar materials , while others
spread it thinly over the land in the
same condition as taken from the
brewery , and work it thoroughly into
the soil by plowing or otherwise.
The national department of agri
culture has issued a directory of de
partments , boards , societies , colleges ,
and other organizations in the inter
est of agriculture , horticulture , stock-
raising , dairying , bee-keeping , fish-
culture , and kindred subjects. Copies
the directory may be obtained by
addressing the commfssiouer of agnr
culture at Washington.
Lord Ycrnon , who visited the best
dairy establishments in the country
last season , has established a cream
ery on his estate for the benefit of
those of his tenants who desire to
keep large numbers of cows but have
not the facilities for making first-class i
butter and cheese. It is thought that
other extensive land-owners will fol
low his example.
It is said that a larger crop of ap
ples may be grown when a hive of I
bees is stationed in the orchard. The
pollen is rubbed from their bodies 1
against the pistils of thousands of 1s 1f
flowers , which thus become fertilized. s
Many of the strange freaks of hybrid c
izing : varieties are due to the agency
bees.
The tenth annual meeting of the *
American Association of Nurserj'men ,
Florists , Seedmen , and Kindred Fnter-
ests will bo held in Hershey hall , MadJ
ison < street , Chicago , Juno 17-20.
Edgar < Sanders , president , Wright's
Grove , Chicago ; D. Wiliuot Scott , sec c
retary , Galena , 111. n
Wild animals have killed a great s
many cattle in Montana of late years , v
and the bounty law cost the Montana F
treasury § 12,000 , paid for scalps , dur T
ing the year 1884. There were killed
during the year 547 bears , 143 moun b
tain lions,540 wolves.and 1,621 coyotes. F
E. A. Coleman informed the Kansas "
Horticultural society that he had a
rj
blackberry patch fourteen years old rjd
which bore a large crop last year , and
thought old bushos often were
plowed up sooner than was necessary. t
Latest reports from the south'of t
England are to the effect that thcrhop s
vines aro in very poor condition. 0
Slight frosts , cold"-winds , and lack 0il
rain have caused the leaves to turn ilv ilt
yellow. ila
It is estimated that forty thousand a
sheep have died in Greene county , is
Pennsylvania , during the past three t
months , owing to the scarcity of. feed r
and the severity of the winter. . I
A carp weighing 7i pounds was l !
caught last month with a seine near V
Pottstown Landing , Pa. , in a small VI Vf
bayou stocked with carp five inches I
long two summers ago. i ;
John Hall , engaged in bee-culture e
alResaca , Ga. , was stung to death , eI
May 14 , by an angry swarm of bees T
which he was trying to hive.
-s
_ _
Crop Prospects.
The growing wheat crop having
reached a critical stage and winter
wheat having approached a condition
sufficiontlv near maturity to approxi
mate the acreage and probable yield ,
the Farmers'1 Ecvieio has followered up
its usual weekly summary by a com
plete survev of all theV estern and
Southern Wheat growing states , re
ports bavin"been received from over
3,000 correspondents , covering every
wheat producing county in Ohio , Michi
gan , Indiana , Illinois , Kentucky , Ten
nessee , Missouri , Kansas , liobraska ,
Iowa , Wisconsin , Minnesota and Da
kota , together with a very accurate
and recent summary from the Pacmo
coast region made by the associated
press , it is believed , makes the most
complete report ever issued. There-
view has been carefully prepared , and
tho information is believed to be most
exhaustive and the latest that has yet
been obtained and foreshadows the
state and government reports. In
summing up its detailed reports , tho
lieview says :
The gloomiest views winch have
been advanced concerning the winter
wheat outlook for 1885 must now be
accepted as the most accurate. Tho
promising conditions of 1884 have tlua
season been completely reversed. The
absolute xiniforrnity of the returns in
dicate that the winter-sown Fheat this
year is the worst in ten years , and it'
may be now set down as positive that
.under tho most favorable conditions
the total winter and spring wheat
yield is to fall considerably under the
short crop of 1881 , when tho total pro
duct was"380,000,000 oushels.
With the exception of Michigan and
Oregon and Washington territory on
the Western slope , the causes leading
to a decreased output of winter wheat
are almost identical. In Ohio , Indiana ,
Illinois , Kansas and Missouri the
ground { was bare of snow during the
Leverely cold weather at tho close of
the winter , which was followed by
cold , dry winds later on. . There was
also a decreased acreage owing to the
low prices which prevailed for tho crop
of 188-4. In California tho decreased
acreage was accompanied by a severe
drouth , which has tended to almost
ruin the growing crop. Oregon and
Washington territory were saved by
bountiful showers winch came in time
to save the grain. When the states
are considered in detail tho situation
can be better appreciated.
Turning to the spring wheat belt tho
outlook altogether more promising.
Full returns from Nebraska show a
slightly enlarged acreage as compared
to last year , while in Iowa , Wisconsin
and Minnesota the decrease in acreage
will be about 10 per cent , while con
dition is about 95 per cent. The
acreage of Dakota is about 8 per cent
less "than last year and the conditions
fully equal , though the season is from
ten to twelve days later. The prob
able spring wheat yield based upon
continuing favorable weather will be
130,000,000 bushels. The total wheat
crop of the country , therefore , from
the present outlook , will be from 320-
000,000 to 330,000,000 bushels , against
and an average yield for the last
five years of 4G4.000.000 bushels.
In tiie Days of Stage Uoaclieg.
A book'recently published in Eng
land , called the "Itoyal Mail , " tells
this story of the old coaching days :
"Speed was of the first considera
tion , qnd the stoppages at the way
side stages were ot very limited du
ration. At an inn the travelers would
hardly have made a fair start in ap
peasing their hunger when the guard
would be heard calling upon them to
take their seats , which , with mouths
full , and still hungry , they would be
forced to do , though with a bad grace
and a howl the acknowledged privi
lege of Englishmen. A story is told
1e one passenger , however , who was
equal to the occasion. Leisurely sip
ping his tea and eating his toast , this
traveler was found by the landlord in
the breakfast-room when the other
passengers were seated and the coach
was on the point of starting. Boni
face appealed to him to take his place ,
or he would be left behind.But , *
replied the traveler , that I will not do
till I have a spoon to sup my egg. ' A
glance apprised tho landlord that not
a spoon adorned tho table , and , rush
ing out , he detained the co.th whilo
alfthe passengers were . > evrched for
the missing articles. Then out came
the satisfied traveler , who also sub
mitted to the search and afienv.irdH
mounted the coach ; and us thu mail
drove off he called to thu landlord ta
look inside the teapot , whuru thu art
ful traveler bad placed the dozuu
spoons , with the double ohjuct of
cooling the tea for his suuond cup , arid
detaining the coach till he damn iu"
The Invention ot"naper.
How , when , or by whom papar was
first ] invented will never be known.
According'to Hallaui , documents on
paper are found as eirly as the tenth
century , and it came info guttural uso
not long after thid era , and "completely
supplanted all other matunaJs which ,
were formerly uiuplo ud for the pur
poses for which it is now used It
will be observed that tho itivuution of
some kind was an absolute necessity
before there could bo pruning , as
parchment was far too expensive to
use for the purpose , even were it other
wise perfectly adapted to this use.
The use of paper in western Europo
dates from the time mentioned , but it
was known to the Chinese long before
tho Christian era , and it is believed
that : they used the bark of various
trees : , the soft parts of the bamboo
stems , cotton and several other kinds
of vegetable fibers. From tho Chinese
is supposed to have spread to India ,
thence to Arabia , and the manufacture
was introduced into Europe by the
Moors of Spain , but about this there
no certainty. Tho rice paner of
the Chinese is made in the same gene-
ral way as the papyrus of tho ancient
Egyptians , by placing in proper order
layers of fibers and cementing them
with sizing or glue. Tho first patent
for paper making was taken out in
England in 1665 , but it was "for mak
ing plew paper , such as is used by bak-
ers. " The next , for making writing
papers , was in 1675 , and"covere5
writing andprintingpapers. St. Louis
Qlobe-Democrat-
