> / Mmmz *
How. CHARLES L. SCOTT ,
of Blchmond , Va. , appointed Minister Resi
dent and Consul General to Venezuela *
, THE MURDERER.
du Account of His Arrest and Trial in Hew
Zealand Strong Circumstantial Eol-
denee.
San Francisco dispatch : Tho steamer
City of Sydney , from Australia , arrived
this morning with Sydney advices of May
21 , and Auckland , New Zealand , ol May
.26. Auckland papers contain an. account
of the arrest on May 25 ol Walter P. I/en-
aor Maxwell alias Theodore Cecil Danguer ,
charged with having murdered Charles A.
Preller at St. Louis , April 25. The arrest
was mado by United States Consul Gamble ,
who received a telegram from the chief of
police of St. Louis with instructions to that
ffect. Two days later Consul Gamble re-
ceived a telegram from the United States
( Secretary of state authorizing him to make
the arrest. Two detectives boarded the
-steamer at Tiritiri. The purser , in reply
. to their questions , stated that there was a
i ; man among the , steerage passengers bear-
a ? Maxwell's description. He was summoned
r- on deck. The first question asked him was
'
whether ho was a doct'or. He promptly
-denied this , saying he was a native of
France and an officer in the French army.
The detectives informed him that they had
-a warrant for his arrest , and would have
to take him into custody. Maxwell ap-
.peared to be disconcerted , but recovered
his composure while the officers were hand-
cufling him , he coolly remarking that the
whole matter was a mistake which would
be quickly explained away.
On Majr 5 he was taken into the police
court , and the charges against him read.
! TLe crown solicitorappeared for theprose-
cuciou , Messrs. Uapier &Burton for the de
fense. The latter claimed that the court
had no jurisdiction , and after some argu
ment the case was remanded to the 7th ,
after which it was again remanded to the
llth.
On that day the case was brought up.
Consul Gamble was the iirst witness called.
He testified on behalf the prosecution as
to various articles found in Maxwell's
trunk , which among other things contained
two embroidered handkerchiefs , on one "C.
A. P. , " and a shirt with large spots of
ilood on it. In reply to the question as to
how articles not bearing the initials of his
name came into his possession , Maxwell
- aid they had been given him at San Fran
cisco by a man named Robinson.
Detective Twokoy , one of the two who had
arrested him on the steamer , testified to
finding the following articles in Maxwell's
-gripsack : Thirty-four cuffs and two hand
kerchiefs , all marked "C. A. P. ; " memor
andum bopkj marked "Danguer ; " a pocket
tnedjcal dictionary , in which was written
AV.P. LennoxMoxwellM.D.F. A. R C. S. ,
uud a dressing case marked A. P. Lennox
Maxwell. These articles Maxwell said he
bought from the same man ( Robinson ) in
San Francisco. The counsel for the de
fense at this point of the proceedings again
-contended that the court had no jurisdic
tion in the matter , and asked for the dis-
auissul of the case. It was then remanded
to May IGth , on that day to the 23d , and
again on that day to the 30th. Judge
Smith , who is hearing the case , stated that
he would remand eight days at a time until
officers from St. Louis' arrived.
A. GREAT DAT Z2V XEW YORK.
The Occasion Using tho Arrival of the Mag
nificent Offering from. France.
The day broke auspiciously for the for
mal welcome to Bartholdi's great statue of
liberty at Now York. The sky was cloud
less and the weather cool. Along the lower
-river fronts and the battery great crowds
fathered early in the day. As the morning
wore on the multitude increased. Over the
water all sorts of gaily-decked crafts sped
: lrither and thither. They swarmed with
human life , and many carried small bands
of music. Tall buildings in the neighbor-
hood of Bowling Green displayed the stars
and stripes. Here and there might also be
-seen the national colors of France. The
scene in the harbor was one of the liveliest
description. Nearly every vessel , small
and large , waved the tri-color and the
stars andstripes , and all were dressed up
-BO as to speak for the occasion. When the
the vessels which were to escort the Isereto
Bedloe's island arrived in the lowerbay the
water was swarming with crafts as far as
the eye could reach. Soon volumes of smoke
went belching forth from the funnels
of the Isere , her propellorbegan to revolve ,
and she headed in the direction of Bedloe's
Island. The French man-of-war headed
the procession. Soon her gunners opened
a salute' of honor , firing twenty-one guns
in the short space of sixty-one seconds.
Hardly had the smoke cleared away from
her deck when the United States man-of-
war Omaha replied with a broadside.
Then the Alliance and the Powhattan fired
their guns. The guns gf Fort Wadsworth
thundered out a salute as the naval pro
cession passed. One hundred steamers and
jratchs with flying flags and steamers
crowded with people followed the Isere , the
officers of which stood on the quarter deck
bowing to the salutes which they heard on
every side. All the way up the harbor till
the head of the procession reached
reached Bedloe's Island the shores of
New Jersey and Long Island resounded
with the crash of guns. When the
anchor of the Isere was lowered there was
more firing of cannon and blowing of
whistles and salutes of people. Bedloe's
Island was crowded with spectators. After
a parting cheer to the officers , the Isere
proceeded on her way to the battery , and
the party went ashore. The boat bearing
the members of the American committee
and their guests , the officers of the French
navy , then landed at the battery. The
mayor , aldermen , General Shaller and
staff of police commiseioners and other
civil dignitaries were in waiting , and as
Admiral Lacombe stepped on theahore the
mayor grasped him warmly "by the hand.
It was nearly three when , the procession
moved to the city , where the guests were
'P vena .banquet , and. af towards speeches
made by Mayor Grace , President Sangor
. and Frederick Condort.
" " '
. t C ' v. . .
_ _ _ _
COLLIER ! EXPLOSION.
Onei JQoBdred. Xlves I.ostin H E
Coal Mine.
A terrible explosion caused by fire damp ,
occurred at Clifton Hall colliery. Three hun
dred and fifty men were at work at the time ,
of whom one hundred and twenty were res
cued , and the remainder arc entombed , and
it is feared all lost. The shaft is surrounded
by .friends and relatives of the miners im
ploring God to save them. The suspense is
heart rendering.
Cajrcs filled by explorlne parties stuck in
descending the abaft and were delayed for
two hours. They have not yet succeeded In
reaching the imprisoned men. The miners
who were rescued say that at the time of the
explosion a rush was made for the bottom of
the main shall , they barely getting there with
their lives. They are entirely ignorant of the
fate of those left behind.
LATEST. The exploring parties who de
scended the Clifton hull colliery for tLc pur
pose of rescuing , if possible , the survivors of
the explosion , met volumes of # as which
drove them b.tck to tbc mouth of the mine.
The work of rescuing the entombed miners is
now at a complete standstill. It is now
known that one hundred persons were killed.
A. Fearful Stovm in Northern Nebraska.
Specials to the Sioux City Journal from
northern Nebraska indicate that the storm of
Sunday night was the most severe ever expe
rienced In that section since its settlement ,
tho rain foiling in torrents and the gale beingr
Blmply terrific. At Hartington quite a num
ber of bouses and barns were blown down
and a great deal of damage done , there being
scarcely a house in the town but what Dears
Borne trace of the storm. Three miles north
of the town the roof of tho Paragon flouring
mill was blown off and scattered about over
the country. No lives have been reported
lost. Two miles west of Co'erldgo a new set
tler named Loener , whose honso and barn had
out recently been completed. suCcred tho lose
of two children , with his wife and remaining
child not expected to recover and himself bo-
ing badly injured in the spine. The town of
Coleridge suffered the most , some of the
streets being fairly blocked with wreckage.
Tho town of Wayne. Wakefleld and Concord
Buffered but slight damage , a few houses be
ing unroofed.
Dashed to Pieces from a Ualloon.
A most frightful accident happened at th.9
tarcus grounds at Charleston , West Va. ,
jjnst prior to the opening of the perform
ance of Richards & , Leon's circus. Among
the other outdoor attractions was a bal
loon ascension , and just as the ropes Tiold-
ing the balloon were cast off , an accident
occurred by the overturning of the hot air
stove used in inflating the balloon , causing
it to catch fire. The burning balloon shot
up in the air at a very rapid rate withWm.
Patterson , the aeronaut , in the basket.
When but a short distance the crowd
yelled for him to jump , but he did not heed
the warning , and after going up several
hundred feet the balloon collapsed and
Patterson fell to the earth and was crushed
into a lifeless humanity. Patterson was
twenty-two years old and resided in Wells-
villc , Ohio , wherd he leaves a wife and fam
ily. It was his 'first ascension. The bal
loon was totally consumed by fire.
Waging War on Polygamy.
Salt Lake dispatch : Andrew Smith , on *
af the oldest members of the police force ,
was arrested to-day charged with polyg
amy. He was placed under bonds and his
wives and children held as witnesses in tho
case. Several members of the police force
are polygamists , and it is said will be
prosecuted. The Gen tiles regard the arrest
of the police as a retaliation on the latter
for raids made on houses of prostitution ,
the inmates of which are frequently ar
rested and fined from 5-10 to § 100 each. It
is said the district attorney has the names
of over 400 poly.iamists , with wit
nesses in most cases , information being fur
nished him largely through anonymous let
ters believed to have been "written by dis-
contcd Mormons. A corps of depu
ties is busy serving subpomas of wit-
nerses to appear before the grand jury nexj
Monday.
Agnosticism.
A correspondentwrites entreating us
to conceal his name , but to let him know
" what under the sun" the "agnosticism"
and the "agnostics , " so often mentioned
in the debates of the Pan-Presbyterian
Council in Philadelphia , really may be.
Our correspondent need not be ashamed
of his query. Prof. Huxley claims to
have been the first to apply these terms ,
formerly used to designate a branch of
the JDonatists of early times , to the doc
trines and the "doctrinaires" now BO
designated. Agnostics are persons who
refuse either to affirm , or deny , or accept
upon authority the doctrine of the exist
ence of a God , the immortality of the
soul , and , in general , anything in the
ology , psychology or metaphysics the ex
istence of which cannot be scientifically
proved or disproved. They are literally
"know-nothings" in regard to such mat
ters , and , since theywill neither affirm
nor deny , they are , or should be , indiffer
ent to them. In practice , however , these
anti-believers and anti-infidels aro apt to
be as hot as if they were baptized Chris
tians or rank heathen.
[ Agnosticism and agnostic are defined
substantially as above in the supplement
to the latest edition of "Webster's Die'
tionary. ] New York World.
THE MARKETS.
OMAHA.
WHEAT No.3 71 © .
BAJUXY No.S 48 © 49
HTE No. 2 - . . 50 @ 51
COUN No.2 mixed 81H < % 344
OATS-NO. 2 2Gj ® 27
BUTTER Fancy creamery. . . . 18 @ 20
BUTTER Choice dairy - . 10 © 12
BUTTER Best country S & 10
EGGS Fresh - 10 © 10J.J
ONIONS Perbbl . 3 50 & 3 75
CmcKENS Per doz. . alive. . . . 350 @ 375
CHICKENS Dressed , per lb. . . . 12 & 13
LEMONS Choice 4 50 © 475
BANANAS Choice 275 © 350
ORANGES Mesina 325 ® 350
POTATOES Per bushel CO © 70
POTATOES Now 200 @ 225
SEEDS Timothy 210 & 220
SEEDS Blue Grass 1 33 0 1 40
HAV Baled , per ton 050 © 700
ILvr In bulk 050 © 7 50
NEW YOBS.
WHEAT No. S red 103 @ 104
WHEAT Ungraded red 90 & 1 OS
CORN No.2. " 55J © 56
OATS Mixed western . . 39 © 40
PORK 1125 © J1.76
LAKD 670 © T
CHICAGO.
FLOTJJI Choice "Winter 4 75 © 5
FfcoUK Spring extra 3 75 © 4
"WHEAT Per bushel 89 @
CORN Per bushel 46&Q
OATS Per bushel 35 @
PORK. , 10 30 © 10
LARD C 62H © 6
HOGS Packing and shipping. 4 00 © 4
CATTLB Stockors 3 40 © 5
SJHEET Medium to good. . ' . . . . 2 60 © 3
ST. LOUIS.
WJIEATNO. . 2 red 1 013 © 1
CORN JPer bushel 4554 ©
OATS Per bushel 30 ©
CATTLE Stockers 3 50 @ 4
SHEEP Western 250 © 4
HOGS Packers 350 © 4
KANSAS CrnC.
"WHEAT Per bushel . SOJ4 ©
CORN Per bushel 39 ©
OATS Per bushel 30 @
CATTLE Exports. f > 15 0 5 35
HOGS 370 @ 375
SHEEP Common to good 3 00 , Q 315
- ' "f- % f"- ' > trV - -4 * - V ; ' > ' ' ; ' ' V *
: .7. . ' * ' ; > ' . ; ' " - - . : >
FAEMANDGABUEN.
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ t
The Production of Supplies for the Family-
Minor .Topics.
Supplies for the Family.
A generation , ago , says The Cliicago
Times , nearly every farmer in the
country endeavored to produce nearly
every article of food that was required
for his family and help. He purchased
at the grocery little except tea , coffee ,
pepper , salt , and spices. He raised
all the varieties of grain required to
make bread , pastry , and puddings ,
took them to a custom mill , where
they were converted into flour , meal ,
grits , hominy , bran , and shorts , which
were carried home and consumed. The
garden was mado to produce all the
vegetables wanted for immediate use ,
and an abundance for perservation ,
Every family made its own pickles ,
preserves , and jellies. Butter and
cheese were made in every farmer's
house. With very rare exceptions
families made their own soap , candles ,
and vinegar. All the meat consumed
by the family was raised on the farm ,
cured in the house , and preserved in
tho cellar or garret. In the fall or
early part of tho winter" supply of
smoked and dried meats was prepared
sufficient to last a year. Every farm
er raised fruit , a considerable portion
of which was dried or preserved for
use during the winter. The first ob
ject of every farmer was to supply his
family with food produced on tho
place ho occupied. He was regarded
as very unthrifty if he did not do this.
During tho past few jears matters
have changed greatly in this respect.
Tn many purts of the country farmers
are as dependent on the grocer and
butcher for food as mechanics and
traders in a large city are. They raise
cattle , hogs , and sometimes sheep , but
the practice is to sell them "on the
hoof. ' ' They procure the meat they
consume from the butcher , paying at
least twice as much for it as they get
for that they sell. Raising large fields
of grain , they buy their flour , meal ,
and other breadstuffs. They are , if
they have the means to do it , liberal ,
purchasers of dried , canned , and pre
served fruits and pickles. Some buy
the garden vegetables thev use , but
the larger number go without them.
Farmers who have good credit employ
it for their disadvantage. They obtain
most that they purchase on credit ,
fn the fall they dispose of nearly all
tho grain and stock they have raised
to obtain money to meet their obliga
tions. They then commence to run up
new bills for supplies for their families.
A. farmer in Lee county , Illinois , in a
communication to an eastern paper ,
shows the way in which families are
suplied with food. He writes : "Sheep
are very much neglected here , and
with the present low prices are not
likely to rise in favor. And yet I have
found no stock more profitable they
are so health } ' , so cheaply raised , such
fertilezers of tho farm , and furnish
such excellent food. The demand for
mutton with our local butchers is in
excess of the supply , and they have to
send to Chicago for it , getting it here
for 9 cents per pound , dressed. Wo
also get our bacon from there at 14
cents , our potatoes from Michigan at
70 cents , and most of our apples from
that state. Our flour is manufactured
here from Dakota wheat at § 1.15 to
S1.30 the fifty-pound sack , while bran
is 90 cents per one hundred pounds.
Farm houses'are no longer victualed
as lor a siege , most of tho supplies
being bought weekly in town , and
smoke-houses are getting to be as rare
as spinning-wheels , "
A generation ago there was a great
er necessity for producing all or near
ly all the articles of food required for
a family than there is at present.
There was a poor market for many of
the products of the farm. Especially
was this the case with those that were
heavy or bulky. The means of trans
portation were very poor in most parts
of the country. Farmers living near
the ocean , a large lake , or a navigable
river enjoyed great advantages over
those living in the interior of the
country. There was no way of trans
porting heavy articles economically ,
except by boats. As farmers remote
from water communication could not
dispose of their products for cash ,
there was very little money in circula
tion. Most of the local trade was car
ried on withont the employment of
money. Articles brought from a dis
tance commanded a high price on ac
count of the great cost of transporta
tion. The farmer accordingly found
it to his advantage to produce what
was required to supply the wants of
his family. If he desired to live well ,
and at the same time to live cheaply ,
he and his family raised a large num
ber of articles of food , and took great
pains , in preserving them for future
use. The curing of meat , the drying
of fruit , the making of pickles and pre
serves received great attentionin every
well-regulated farm-house. A farmer
wasnotf dependent on tho grocer and
butcher for food.
Farmers of the present age are in
a inuch better condition to purchase
articles of food than were those who
lived a generation ago. Railroads
have produced a cash market for all
their products in almost every town.
It is no longer necessary to have a
farm located near navigable water in
order to have an accessible market for
what is raised on a farm. Farmers
now sell their products for cash , as
manufacturers do. Money is in cir
culation in every part of the country
where crops , eggs , butter , cheese ,
wool , and "domesticated animals are
produced. , . , It is policy for a . farmer to
rs >
highly beneficial to transpor
tation companies , packers , and trad
ers , but ruinous to farmers. A return ,
in a somewhat modified form , to the
practices that prevailed before rail
roads revolutionized farming .and
trade , would result in great "benefit
to farmers.
Hlnor Topics.
Radish tops chopod fine make ex
cellent green matter to mix with tho
soft food for the chicks.
Young chicks should bo fed , for
morning feed , for the first week , chop
ped up hard boiled eggs.
Soofc is a valuable fertilizer on farm ,
garden and flower bed , .and should
never be allowed to go to waste.
In tlio colder latitudes of Europe
the Guinea fowl is very rare , and sel
dom , if ever , seen in Sweden , Nor
way or Northern Russia.
Willows should never bo planted
near underdrains , as their roots will
invariably enter tho drains and in
course of time choke them up.
A rich sandy soil is best for beets.
The long red'beet grows larger and
makes the heaviest crops ; it is prefer
red to Qthers for feeding cows and
hogs.
Sow grass seed over the thin places
in.your lawns and rake it in , or better ,
throw an eight of an inch of line corn-
pots over it and let the rain do the
work.
Potatoes should bo got out of tho
pits or bins and exposed to the light
for a while before being planted. The
careful observance of this is of much
importance.
In weaning calves , the change from
whole milk to skim milk should bo
gradual to prevent danger of scours.
It is also well to add cornmeal gradu
ally to the skim milk.
The manure from fowls is very val
uable , but is topstrong to be used
alone ; it should be collected with dry
muck , plaster or road dust , then
spread broadcast and harrowed in.
The ground should be well prepar
ed , plowed deep and thoroughly pul
verized for raising sugar beets. The
roots require a deep soil , and the por
tion grown under ground contains the
most saccharine matter.
A hill of raspberry plants after be
ing trimmed in the spring should have
only three or four canes , about three
and a-half feet high , and nearly on3
inch in diameter" the base , each
cane bavins : a few side spurs about
ten inches long.
On good land , with tho same cul
ture as corn , artichokes will produce
from 300 to 500 bushels per acre. It is
asserted that they yield more hog food
than any other crop , and that forty
hogs may bo kept on an acre of arti
chokes without liny other food.
To make a good water , air and rat
proof floor lirst grade the floor and
cover with a concrete of coarse gravel
and hydraulic lime. Melt ashphalt and
saturate the concrete with it , leaving
a thin coat of hot asphalt on the sur
face , then scatter hot sand over this
and beat it firmly.
It is of no use attempting to keep
fowls unless they are well attended to.
Many farmers who complain that their
poultry is not paying them , should
consider whether the } ' have given their
fowls the same attention so generally
bestowed upon horses and cattle , or
swine.
The statical account of the produc
tion of wool throughout the civilized
word shows that in 1830 it was 320-
000,000 pounds , in 1871 it was nearly
2,000,000,000 pounds , while in 1883 , in
the United States alone , the production
of wool was 320,000,000 pounds , or as
much as was produced in the whole
world in 1830.
It is all very well to break the colt
and exercise him gently when two
years old , but it will be a great mis
take to put him at hard work until
two years later. Fast road service is
more injurious than farm work. While
the muscles and bones are yet tender
injuries are easily incurred which no
after care will remove.
Nearly every spring on most farms ,
a portion of the farm horses that havo
lain idle during the winter need to be
rebroken. For the first few days only
light work should bo given them , and
great oare should be taken not
to produce galls on the shoulders ,
which , once started , arc very
hard to heal without stopping
work altogether.
Animals which have only that food
which is given them should be fed
three times a day. Regularity in feed
ing them should be practiced also , as
they are subject to disease as well as
ourselves. The allowance of food for
each meal should be the same each
day , and only varied in oases where
the condition of tho animal demands
it
Charcoal is valuable for many other
purposes than that of fuel. Strewn
over heaps of decomposed pelts or
over dead animals it will prevent un
pleasant odors. Foul water is purified
by it , and if placed in shallow trays
around apartments it will sweeten of
fensive air. It absorbs and condenses
gases so readily that one cubic inch of
fresh charcoal will absorb nearly 100
inches of gaseous ammonia.
While pasture should contain a va
riety of grasses , meadows should not.
Confine each meadow to but one grass.
The various grasses do not ripen at
the same time. This fact makes a
variety in the pasture desirable , but
there may be a succession throughout
the season , but is just the very reason
why there should not be a variety in
the meadow , as when one grass is
ready to be cut tho others will not be.
Spending valuable time and labor in
cultivating poor land is one of the
most serious mistakes ever made by
tillers of the soil. After preparing the
soil and putting out the plants we
must see that they are kept growing
without hindrance of any. kind. All
our small fruits , except the grape , do
best in a comparatively cool , moist
'
soil , and in a situation 'that is some
what sheltered and not exposed to the
full glare of the sun. Plants are hin-
dered in their growth in various waj's
as by weeds , drought , and the want of
air at the roots. Allo.wing weeds to
grow among our plants to rob them of
food and moisture , is almost as unwise
as cultivating poor soil.
HAED FACTS.
DIVORCE NEWS.
. A rather depressed looking kind of
a man , who was formerly one of the
leading citizens of Austin , wont into
the office of a young lawyer and
said :
"I live very unhappily with my
wife , and I come to you for relief. "
The young lawyer thought ho was
going to get a big fee in a divorce
suit , so he said , gleefully :
"Yes , I think I can get you a
divorce , which will mitigate your af
fliction. "
"I don't care to put you to all that
trouble. Just lend mo a quarter to
make mo forget my woes. "
AMICABLY ADJUSTED.
' Do you mean to call mo a liar ? "
isked one rival railroad man of anoth-
3r railroad man , during a dispute they
had on business.
"No , colonel , I don't moan to call
rou a liar. Un the contrary , I say
you are the only man in town who
tells the truth all the time , but I'm
Dftenng a reward of twenty-five dol
lars and a chromo to any other man
who says ho believes me when I say
fou never lie , " was the response.
' Well , I'm glad you took it back , "
replied the other party , as the tiger-
li e look of ferocity faded out of his
features , and he looked around for the
nearest saloon.
FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE.
Gilhooly and Gus Do Smith were
talking in an Austin restaurant.
"How about the war in Europe ? "
isked Gus.
"The situation is very alarming , al
though Just now everything is in statu
2 o , " replied Gilhooly.
One of the most intelligent citizens
nf Austin got up from an adjoining
table , and approaching Gilhcoly , ask-
3d :
"Would you be kind enough to toll
me where that state is ? "
"What state ? "
'Statu quo , I believe you called it. "
"It is in foreign parts sir. "
"Thanks. Much obliged. "
A CONSIDERATE COLORED MAN.
He tapped the egg gently with his
knife , and it popped , and people all
over the house began to examine the
gas fixtures to see if the gas was pro
perly turned off.
"This egg doesn't seem to be quite
fresh , " remarked Gilhooly , having
opened the window.
"I spected dat egg wasn't all right , "
remarked the colored waiter.
"Why then didn't you tell me so ? "
exclaimed Gilhooly.
"liekase , sah , I wasn't quite sure ob
hit , and 1'se always willing to gib a
gemmen de benefit ob de doubt. "
"But you told me the egg was per
fectly fresh ; that it was laid yester
day. "
'I tole yer dat bekase I didn't
wanter be too previous-like in spiling
yer appetite. "
IMPORTANT TO EX-OFFICE HOLDERS.
A young man , named Folsom Bow
ser , applied to a wealthy Austin stock
man for a position on his stall' to go
West and herd sheep at § 10 a month ,
but the stockman said he was not hir
ing anybody to herd sheep.
"Have you all the shephreds you re
quire ? " asked Folsoni Bowser.
"No , I am needing several , but I'm
going to wait until the President has
made his appointments. "
" \Vhat has that got to do with herd
ing sheep ? "
"It has a great deal to do with it.
As soon as Cleveland has made his ap
pointments , I can have my pick of
disappointed applicants who will be
willing to hire for nothing but their
grub , itist to get out into the coun
try. "
"
"The sheep industry of western Tex
as is suffering from the tardiness of
the President. Texas Siftings.
Short Talks with the Boys.
"I am a farmer's son and am not
satisfied with my surroundings. "
This paragraph or a portion of it is
certain to be found in four out of every
five letters received from the country ,
and it is a matter which should be in
vestigated. Our statesmen and jour
nalist and philanthropists are continu
ally praising agriculture as a vocation ,
and the idea that the farmer is inde
pendent and happy prevails in every
story of rural life.
What has dissatisfied farmers' sons ?
Why is it that so many of them want
to leave the farm for any work which
will bring them a living ? In most
cases the trouble will be found with
the farmer instead of his son.
It is a curious position in which an
old-fashioned farmer and his son are
placed. The old man is content with
some improvements' on the ideas of
fifty years ago. He can't see why any
one should want anything better than
bare floors , Windsor chairs and cow
hide boots. He would as soon go to
meeting without a collar as with one.
He "rayther likes" the music of an
organ , but if he buys an organ he
won't feel like building that addition
to the barn. He can't really see how
any one can sit down and getjnterested
in books , and why Henry and William
should want "real cloth" collars and
cuffs is a deep conundrum. When 8
o'clock comes he gets reidy for bed ,
and can't see how the boys and girls
can'abear" company who keep them
up till until 10. The farm is conduct
ed after the fashion of a quarter of the
last century. The house may be painted
once in five years , but the chances are
that it is allowed to go ten. The
barns have needed repairs for years
past , but it's cheaper to lose a ton of
hay by the leaks than to buy new
shingles. The fences are rotting down ,
but next winter will be a good time to
split rails. There are half a dozen
panes of glass needed about the house ,
but if the broken lights were renewed
they might be smashed again. The
democrat wagon has been "about worn
out" for the last five years , and that's
the excuse for not having it painted.
The harnesses will hardly hold to
gether , but they must answer for an
other year. The boys are held to
"serve their time , " like so many
slaves or convicts , and the amonnt of
cash finding its way into their pockets
yearly would not keep a bootblack in
stock to do business.
Is the picture overdrawn ? lean add
- .1
I
twentv per cent to the strength of *
each assertion and then not exceed the
truth. . , . .
And now what is tho matter with
farmers' boys ? They live in anew
world tho father in an old one. No
matter how little schooling they havo
had , they aro better educated than ho
is. Nc matter if tho father refuses to
do more than subscribe to a weekly
paper , his boys are fairly posted ou
the daily happenings all over tho
world. He wants to farm after old
ideas they after new ones. Ho got
along without knowing whether Eng
land was east or west of tho United
States without grammar , orthogra
phy or being able to more than writo
his name without collars or cuffs or
neckties without books or papers or
amusements , and he is quite certain
that the boys can do tho same.
The number of farmers' sons who
aro leaving home , either with a half
hearted consent , or running away , is
greater than you dream of. They
Hock to the towns and cities to learn
trades ; to accept of menial positions ;
to take any work which will pay their
way and prevent the necessity of re
turning to farm work.
The farmer who realizes this must
ask himself where the blame lies , and
then seek a remedy. Is thero a rem
edy ? Let us see.
In the first place , farmers' aons aro
overworked. There is no doabt that
tho farmer is , too , but that doesn't
alter the case. When you rout a boy
of 14 , 1G or 18 out of bed at 4:30 or 5
o'clock in the morning , and work him.
till 7 or half-past , you are making a
white slave of him. You not only
peril his health , but you deform his
body. That's the cause of so many
sons of farmers being lop-shouldered" ,
bow-backed or otherwise deformed ,
and tho origin can bo traced to over-
exertion while growing. *
Thero isn't a farm in this country on
which the hours of labor couldn't be +
shortened to ten hours without causing
a loss of $25 per year. If ten hours is
enough for a ditch-digger it is all that
a farmer's son should be called upon
to endure. If there are two hours be
tween G o'clock and darkness on a
summer's evening tho boy can take up
a book or paper , or put it to good use
in some other way. As it is now , ho
knows ho is expected to slave from
daylight till dark , and when night
conies he is weary in body and aggra
vated in spirit.
And the remedy is not altogether in
shortening the hours of work. Tho
boys must have things to interest and
amuse them. They want books , mag
azines and newspapers. If there's a
chance to fix. up a bowling alley let
thu boys go ahead and make one. The
game of bowls is a healthy exercise ,
and furnishes plenty of sport. If ono
of the boys has a taste for music help
him on with it. Let him have a fiddle ,
accordion , organ , or whatever instru
ment he feels he can bring music out
of. Both boys and girls should be en
couraged to sing. To this end they If-
should be encouraged to get up sing Ji
ing classes , which might hieet around 5 ?
from house to house. A young peo ' ! ' . ;
ple's social club , to meet in tho same < * S
manner , would prove very interesting.
The farm can be made pleasantec
than tho work-shop the farm-houso
as full of comfort and happiness aa
1
any home in the city. When this
takes place the farmer's son will not
be the young man he is. He will bo
jovial , content , and enthusiastic. He
will be able to appear well in any so
ciety , to converse with any o.ue on the
topics of the day , and ho will have
some future outside of the day in and
day out toil which is crooking big
spine and thickening up his brains
M. Quad , in Detroit Free Press.
Would Not Crowd Them.
The other day , down in Desha coun
ty , a little negro man with an "old
time aspect was arraigned before a
colored justice of the peace , having
been charged with deadly assa'ult.
The testimony was so direct that the
justice was compelled to pronounce
sentence.
"Jedge , " said the little negro when
the magistrate had concluded , "dis
heah is awful. "
-"Putty bad , sah. "
"Hafter go ter dat jail fur six
mont's ? "
"Dat'swhutlsaid. "
"W'y , judge , I'se been heah too
laung ter be treated dat way. "
"Yas , I knows yer's been heah too
laung. Dat's de reason yer'd better
bo tuck erway fur er while. "
"Jedge , I doan like dis. "
"Nor , sah , I persumes not"
"I doan' hab no fon'ness lur dat
jail. "
"Nor , sah. "
"Da coops er pusson up an * doan *
gin him ernuff tor eat"
"Yas , sah. "
"Jedge , I'd ruther gin yer ten dol
lars den ter go dar. "
"Whar's yer ten dollars ? "
"Right heah. "
"Wall , gin me de money. Dat jail's
full , nohow. Doan b'lebe it's right
ter crowd prisoners. " Arkan-iaw
Traveler.
Canoeing as an Exercise.
Canoeing pronvses to be a favorite
pastime this season among young men
who are fond of athletic exercise. It
is a capital form of recreation. Pad
dling develops both sides of the body ,
strengthens the chest and hardens all
the muscles. It is , too , a much more
social manner of getting over the
water than rowing. You face tho
prow , see the view ahead instead of
behind you , and have none of that
machine-like forward-and-back mo
tion which rowing involves. Philadel
phia bulletin.
Horse-Flesh in Butchers' Stalls.
A local government inquiry was held
recently in Manchester , Eng. , to in
quire among other things Into an ap
plication of the corporation to impose
regulations on the sale of horse-llesh.
Evidence was given that horse
flesh was largely sold in the poorer
neighborhoods of the city , dressed like
beef , cut up into steaks , and sold at a
pence per pound. Much of the horse
flesh sold was unsound. The corpora
tion , who were supported by the
Butchers' Asaociation , desired to im
pose regulations on the sale.
-fe
