Image provided by: University of Nebraska-Lincoln Libraries, Lincoln, NE
About Custer County Republican. (Broken Bow, Neb.) 1882-1921 | View Entire Issue (Oct. 6, 1910)
y/Si/rvey' HE southwestern section of the United States is a province that presents many special characteristics of physiogra phy , climate , resources and capabilities which are not as well known as they deserve to bo. The term "southwest" is usually applied to Now Mexico , Arizona and southern Califor nia , an area of about the sir.o of Now England , New York , Pennsylvania , Maryland and the Virginias. Much public at tention has of late been attracted to Arizona and New Mexico in connection with their ad- imisslon to statehood , and ono gratifying result of this has been a greatly increased Interest iln their resources and conditions. Excluding the populous and thrifty coast legion of southern California , the southwest Is the most thinly populated and least developed ( portion of the country south of Alaska. As this condition is duo mainly to a climate so | nrid that but little can be raised without irri gation , Its future development is to bo meas- lured by the utilization of the vast volume of iflood waters now going to waste. This water 'can bo applied to millions of acres of level lands with rich soil , which with the unending eunshino of Its mild cli mate will respond with largo and profitable > ; > < - - jv * * * i A.-- . ' % l . ; > - ti * * AIXVts5aSifai ! ? - ; AIXV ; / - ? JfXW\M \ XICO about -1,000 feet wldo and COO dcop , with an irregular encircling rim of loose rock fragments irom 120 to 1GO feet high. The potrillcd forests attract many visitors , especially the most acces sible ono south of Adamana , a station on the Santa Fo railroad a few miles east of llolbrook. There is a largo quantity of the mater al In sight hero , some of It in large logs. One of thcso logs spans a small draw as a natural bridge. Arizona possesses a very pictur esque natural bridge of llmestono spanning Pine crock , in Qlla county , permanent and mostly very ancient , and their religious ceremonies are extremely elaborate and plcturr-stiuo. They live In villages of sev eral hundred Inhabitants , In substantial stone or adobe houses , some of which nro In groups , rising in tiers to a height of four or five Hto- rles , with streets nnd central plaza. They are peaceful and Industrious , raising cropa largely by Irrigation. They have herds of cattle and tiheep , and spinning , weaving and making their garments Is ono of their important occu pations. Work appears evenly divided between men and woman In the quoblos. The men do the farming , tend to the cattle nnd sheep , do the hunting , build the houses , nnd have many smaller trades nnd occupations. The women do the housework - work , grind the corn , make pottery , blankets and crops. clothes. Unfortunately , there The visitor Is is not enough water generally Impressed for all the land , but by the p u o b1o there IB sufficient , it people nnd pleased all were utilized , to with the agreeable eupport n population homo llfo and elm- many times as large plo h o s p 11 a 111 y as the present ono. The which they readily government is now offer. upending $12,000 000 in offer.Tho Interesting reclamation projects in features of the Arizona and New Mexico southwest , notably ice which supply water the beauty of the for nearly one-half mil coast region and the lion acres of fertile special climatic advantages lands. This will'glvo draw vantages , a great impetus to devel largo number of opment , and in time , tourists and health- when settlers take up seekers , especially the reclaimed land , In winter , and every there .will bo a largo year sees a substantial Increase in its agricultural tial increase in the tural productions. . Influx of visitors. in the great coast region of southern Cal 70 miles south of ifornia , with a popula Flagstaff. It does tion of nearly 000,000 , not , however ri the principal product val the great Is the orange and oth bridges recently er fruits , with a value discovered 1 n of about $20,000,000 a Utah. Its span jr i , wuuu in uio inland districts the mining Industry is the largest source of revenue. Per tions of the southwest are richly productive of various minerals , notably those of copper , and recently southern California has become a heavy producer of petroleum. The value of the copper , oil and other products of the ground aggregates about $75,000,000 a year. It Is probable that further exploration will disclose large additional supplies of ores of various kinds , especially those of low grade , which will prove profitable under Improved } methods of reduction. The southwest presents a variety of topographic graphic features , and many of its economic sources are closely i elated to them. There Is great range in altitude , with corresponding variation In climatic conditions. Ono of the most salient features is the wide , high plateau of northern Arizona , which roaches an altl- tudo of 8,000 feet. It is surmounted by vari ous volcanic peaks , notably San Francisco peak , which is 12,011 feet above sea level. To the east this district merges into an Irregular series of high plateaus , constituting the western half of New Mexico. To the west and south it drops by hugo eteps into the great region of desert valleys or bolsoms of Nevada , western Arizona , and southeastern California. Thcso deserts are wide , long plains , lying between mountain ridges of varying lengths and heights , ridges which are all very rocky and mostly treeless and trend north and south. Diagonally across southern California there extends the long curving ridge of the Sierra Madre and San Bernardino mountains , be tween which and the ocean lies the largo oval area known as the valley of southern Califor nia. This valley Is the great citrus fruit dis trict , and Los Angeles. There are two great rivers In the south west , the Colorado and the Rio Grande. The Colorado river has boon compared to the Nile nnd the similarity Is notable. Both are , , streams of the first rank , rising in high moun tains , and finally crossing a broad- region of semi-tropical , nearly rainless deserts. Both empty Into neas In nearly the same latitude , and their lower courses are through wide del tas of fertile soli. The annual overflows add now sediments fertile with plant food and ate o , time favorable for the crops. The agricultural capabilities are closely similar , but while much of the lower Nile val ley is utilized the Colorado valley is Just be ginning to bo settled. The watershed area of the Colorado , with its two head branches , the Green and the Grand , Is over 200,000 square miles , its course 2,000 miles in lehgth , and Its annual discharge Is 11,000.000 acre-feet , or enough to cover that number of acres ono foot deep. deep.Tho The sedlme-nt which it carries each year Into the gulf Is estimated to bo sufficient to cover 53 square miles ono foot dcop. For 200 miles of Its course across the high plateau of northeastern Arizona It cuts the wonderful Grand canyon , which in places Is nearly a mlle deep. South of the canyon it flows mostly In broad valleyo , but cuts through several des- ort ridges , final Is 80 feet , Us ly passing out height about 125 into the wide delta - ' foot , and Its ta plain extend length up and ing to its mouth. down the creek The Rio Gran Is over 400 feet de la a large do river rising in Canyon Is ono of Chelly the mountains of the most notable Colorado , t r a v scenic features In ersing Now Mexico Arizona , but it Is ice from north to south , and finally so far off the of travel constituting the main line it is rarely boundary line be el that tween Texas and ly visited. It is Mexico. cut deeply Into The definition soft sandstones , of a desert given which rise In ver by the dlctiona- tical walls , with r 1 o B . ' ' n < ? * T many outlying sandy region without vegetation or inhabi tants , " is defective , and the idea that It is nec essarily flat is erroneous. Most portions of the average desert bear an extensive , though somewhat widely spaced , llora. Many desert regions contain numerous settlements , the Sa hara desert for instance having a population of 2,500,000. Loose sand is a minor feature , and much more prevalent on the seacoasts and along the bottom lands of rivers. There are wide areas of bare rocks , and thp larger des erts Include mountains , ridges , mesas and deep canyons. The deserts of the southwest are regions of very scanty rainfall , parts of them having only three Inches a year and evaporation of eighty inches or more. This canyon is the mile-deep gorge cut by the Colorado river across the high plateau of northern Arizona. The view from the rim reveals the most stupendous panorama Imag inable , for ono sees into an area of about COO square miles filled with an endless variety of most rugged topographic forms of many beau tiful colors. On the sky-line , ton to fifteen miles away , Is the edge of a wide-reaching pla teau , and in the middle ground of the picture flows the Colorado river , nearly a mlle below ono'o feet. The features are so gigantic and HO plainly In view that all sense of scale is lost , and it Is not until one has been down to the bottom of the canyon at the river level that any adequate sense of proportion can be gained. The canyon was discovered by Cardenas , who wont to Us edge In 1540 on n branch trip from Coronado's expedition , on Information ob tained by Tovar from the Hopl Indians. The original name given to the river was Tlson , Spanish for firebrand , and it is to bo regretted that the name has not been retained to avoid the present confusion duo to the river having the same name as the state. Coon butte , another of the greatest wonders in our country , is also situated In the south west , but owing to its distance from the rail road it Is seldom visited. It Is a great crater- like bowl in the plateau , about ten miles south of Canyon Diablo station. "Tho crater" la Some of these features pinnacles and monuments. tures appear also in the great wall or reel sandstone on the north side or the wide de pression through which the Santa Fo railroad crosses the continental divide east of Gallup. remarkable pinnacles of this Ono of the moat wall Is fancifully termed the Navajo Church. Few persons who travel across the south west realize that in Arizona and New Mexico there are enormous forests of valuable timber and that the lumbering is an Important Indus try. In both territories there are several largo forest reservations , and ono of these in Ari zona , the Coconlno forest , with nearly 0,000 square miles , is the largest single reserve in the United States. The total forest area re served in Arizona is 15,250,130 acres , or more than 24,000 square miles , and in Now Mexico there are 10,971,711 acres , or more than 17,000 square miles. Southern California also has several large reserves. The Coconino forest in Arizona occupies part of the great plateau in which the Grand Canyon is cut , nnd extends to the brink of the canyon. The visitor to the southwest usually takes keen Interest In the Indians , who are numer ous not only along the main lines of travel , but In many remote villages. Some tribes , notably the Apaches , who continued to bo troublesome until a relatively recent date , have become famous for the misdeeds that ma terially retarded the development of Arizona and western New Mexico. Now , however , all Is peace and tranquillity. The newspapers , es pecially eastern ones , occasionally print ac counts of uprisings , but these prove to bo local quarrels with a few Individuals. The Indians of the southwest nro of two kinds , differing greatly In most of their char acteristics. Ono Is the nomad type , represent ed by the Apaches , Navajos , the Yumas , Pa- pagocs and Plums , nnd smaller tribes ; the other Is the pueblo typo , which is comprised of 20 pueblos , or villages , scattered through central and western Now Mexico , and In the IIopl reserve , In northwestern Arizona. Probably there iu greater popular Interest in the pueblo people , for their settlements are Because of its dry air and mild climate the southwest has become - como famous as a health resort , especially for those having tuberculosis of the respiratory or gans. The perccntago of cures made In Now Mexico. Arizona and California , great as it Is , would bo much greater If a larger proportion of those who are seeking health cafne In time. It is necessary to como before the vitality Is too greatly diminished and then to live under favorable conditions , the most essential of which is to bo out of doors as much as pos sible. Many health-seekers spend most of their money In railroad faro to reach the desired resorts. Physicians do a great wrong to pa tients in sending them so far from homo , friends and care without means to provide sultablo quarters , nourishment and attention to sustain them whllo making their fight against death. The climate of the southwest presents con siderable variety , but In all the lower lands v the winters are delightfully mild , and every where blue sky is In evidence for more than 300 days In the year. The summers nro warm ; In the southern desert area they are decidedly hot for several months , but the dry air even then is much more endurable than the sultry summer weather of the eastern and central states. Sunstroke Is unknown , nnd laborers continue their work without distress. The valley of southern California Is pro tected from the cold northern winds of winter by high mountain ranges , while to the south It Is open to the Pacific. Owing to the pecu liar configuration of the coast the cold Cali fornia current from the north Is deflected west near Point Conception , and hence the south ern California shores have waters warmer by about ten degrees than those to the north. This beneficent climate Is responsible foi the giant Industry of fruit growing which has made California famous over the globu. Call' fornla furnishes the major part of the very large amount of oranges and other citrus fruits consumed in the United States , and this business has been the potent cause In the development of southern California. The ornngo and other cltrua fruits ol southern California have an output of about 30,000 carloads a year , with a net value ol more than $15.000.000. East of tno mountains in southern Califor nia Is an extensive desert country , much of It without water , but largo areas can bo reached by ditches from the Colorado river. The most notable district of the sort of In the Salton desert , near the Mexican boundary. A few years ago this was n lonely and forbidding - ding region , but now , by aid of Irrigation from the Colorado river , It has several thriving settlements , with 100.000 people and 200 000 acres of cultivated land. That portion of It known as Imperial valley has the greatest development , and with rich soil and semitropIcal - Ical climate phniomcnal results have boon ob tained wh'on water Is apvllod. Ono of the best known products of this region is the canteloupo. of which the annual shipments are over 1.800 c-irs. bringing nearly a million dollars This valley contains ever 100.000 acres of land , nnd Just across the Mex ican line are 201.000 more. The great oil Holds of California are In the southern part of the stntp , ami with rapidly In. creasing production they promlso to bo the largent proilum rs In MIO country. USED HYPODERMICS. Only Relief From Terrible Suffering. Thomaa E. Vest , 1C05 B. 12Ui SL , Terre Haute , Ind. , says : "I had no control ever the urlno and Uio pain when voiding It was so great I often screamed. I grow woroo and lay In bed for weeks , the only relief being from hy < podormlcn. I was treated by thrco phy sicians without holt nnd the last ono nald n n operation wan necessary. At this tlmo I began using Dean's Kidney Pills and passed n gravel ntono as largo aa a pea. The next day I passed two moro nnd from then on Improved rapidly until cured. " Itemombor the name Doun'a. For snlo by nil dealers. CO cents A box. Fostcr-Mllburn Co. , Buffalo , N. Y. Which Do You Like Worst ? This Is the greatest known way for undecided people to make up tholr minds. None but a strong minded woman can ever decide which of two or throe hats she likes "tho best , " particular ly If they are all comely. Popular belles have been known to have similar troubles with tholr Dwccthearts. Which do I llko host U often a momentous question. Why not try the other way ? Docldo which , of men , or hats , or attractive "dates" you like the worst , and then proceed to eliminate. From there you can factor out In the grade of desirability , until you actually find yourself at n decision , because It , whatever It Is , Is the only ono loft. The process la delightfully alinplo. Deafness Cannot Bo Cured by local application ! . M they cannot reach the dl - rnscd portion ol the car. 'there U only one way ta euro dc.tfncM. anil that U by constitution * ! remedies. De.itnrm Is c uwd liy an Inflamed condition n ( the mucous lining u ( the UuaUcnlan Tube. When this tube It Inflamed you liavo n rumbling tound or Im- tvrlfct hoarln * . nnd when It Is entirely closed. Deaf- ntsi 13 the mutt , and unleu the Inflammation ran t ) Ukcu out and this tube rrttnred to Its normal tradi tion. hearing will bo dralroycU forever : nine cum out of ten are rained by Catarrh , which Is nothlnj but an Ind.imrd condition ot tha inucoin nurfaeea. Wo will Klvo Una Hundred Dollars for any cara Jf ( caused by catarrh ) th t eannot \ > cured by llall'i Catarrh euro. Hcnd for circular * , free. ! ' . J. CllCNIIV * CX ) . . Toledo , a Hold by DruicHtfl. 7o. Take Ilall'a Tamlly Villa for constipation. Thanko for the Relief. Mrs. Nagglt I don't fool llko myself tonight. Mr. Nagglt Then wo ought to have n very pleasant evening , Stray Stor ies. Important to Wlothora Examine carefully every bottle ot CA8TOHIA , a safe and sure remedy for Infants and children , and ECO that It Dears the Signature of < n Use Foe Over aO "Years. The Kind You Have Alwayu Bought It Is surprising , it Is often astound- ng , to discover , now and then , what osstbllltlos of rehabilitation there are n the most unfortunate of us. Alfred Buchanan. If Your Eyeo Bother You get a box of PETTIT'S EYE SALVE , o4 ! -elinhle , most cucccBsful eye remedy rrmda. ' 11 druggist * or Howard Bros. . Buffalo , N.Y. Many reformers would go out to hoot gophers with a brass band. Single Binder Co cigar equals a quality most lOc cigars. Most politicians claim the silent oto BO long as It keeps silent. AFTER Cured by Lydia E. Pink- ham's Vegetable Compound _ Pajrkllapidfl , Minn. "I was sick for years while passing through the Change of Lifo and was hardly able to bo around. After tak ing eix bottlca of Lydia E. Pinkham's Vegetable Compound - pound I gained 20 pounds , am now able to do my own work and fool well. " Mrs. ED. LA DOIT , Park Bap. ds , Minn. ] Jrookvillo , Ohio. "I was Irregular and extremely nervous. A neighbor recommended Lydia E. Pinkham's Vegetable Compound to mo and I have become regular nnd my norvoa are much better. " Mrs. 11. KINNIBON , Brookvillo , Ohio. Lydia E.Pinkham'a Vegetable Compound - pound , made from native roots and herbs , contains no narcotic or harm ful drugs , and to-day holds the record for the largest number of actual curea of female diseases wo know of , and thousands of voluntary testimonials are on file in the Pinkham laboratory at Lynn , Mass. , from women who have been cured from almost every form of female complaints , inflammation , ul- ceration.displacements.flbrold tumors , irregularities , periodic pains.backacho , indigestion and nervous prostration. Every suffering woman owes it to her self to give Lydia E. Pinkham's Vege table Compound a trial. If yon want special nclvlce write MrH.PIivklmnit LymiMuss.forit. It is 1'rcu and always helpful. U nllUclnlnttli ) ' Thompson's Eye Water fcoru oji'i , USD t