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About The independent. (Lincoln, Neb.) 1902-1907 | View Entire Issue (April 18, 1907)
u THE NEBRASKA INDEPENDENT APRIL 18. 1907. LIVE STOCK A The Horn Ply. This is one of the most serious pests of live stock. It appears during The summer months and really does the nio.st damage during July. It seems to disapear after the first frost. During the summer it is persistently present. The flies will be readily recognized by their great abundance on t lie bodies and horns of cattle. They are small, black lies, resembling somewhat the common house fly, but about half as large. They annoy the cat! le on ac count of their blood-thirsty habits, their, bites causing considerable irrita tion, and, in, consequence thereof heavy lo.s of milk, and flesh. These Hies receive their name from Iheir habit of collecting In large numbers nt the base of the horns. It is said that in tliis position they do not molest tho Mttk Where the fies bite they pro duce bleeding sores, and large sores may result from oattjo rubbing them selves against posts, trees, and fences in an endeavor to reduce the irritation caused by the bites. Treatment. Almost any greasy sub stance applied to the skin and horn? of tho inmllas will keep the flies off for several - days. When cattle are sprayed with 10 to 15 per cent oil mix tin c. it i well to f-pray them under the abdomen, ko that when the Hies take refuge under the body of th; animal they will be destroyed when tho.se parts are sprayed. Some of the fly remedies that are on the market can used with good results. The fol lowing formula may be used: Neutrai oil 4 pints, Oil of wood tar 1 pint. Mix and shake well. Apply to the animal- lightly with a flexible brush. or with a spray pump. An oil ap 3lied to the nkm may produce silffht blisters, especially if the animal is ihinskinned or out of condition and the weather exceedingly hot. hence .such preparations should be applied very lightly and the application dis continued if blisters appear. It is al most needless to add that any oil sub stance containing a gum in solution should not be applied to the coate of animals that are being fitted for the show ring. However, prevention j-hould be thought of, as it will effct ually destroy the flies, for it is known that the female fly lays its eggs in the cattle droppings, and It. is estimated that a new brood of flies is propagated in about two weeks. Therefore by spreading slacked lime, crude gas drip, or any of the coal-tar dips on manure plies and In the stables and on the dropping- whever found will prevent these eggs from hatching out and re duce fne number very materially. Itinxtvorin, This is a disease that is seen on cattle in the western states. It 13 caused by a fungus., It is more often found on cattle, but can be transmitted to other animals. Symptoms. Where the disease is well established one or more patches may be found, ocsuring usually on the face, neck, and along the spine. A favorite seat is on the skin surround ing the orbit of the eye. Here it very often invades the entire eyelid and yiay result in blindness of the affected eye; The patches vary in size. They are usually somewhat circular in form but the larger patches are more ir regular. The skin from which the hair has fallen is much thickened and scaly. There is an itching of the affected parts. The parasite which causes this trouble can be seen by soaking some of the scales for about twelve hours in a fairly strong rotation of potash and then examining the same under a microscope that naa a magnifying 1 ower of 100 diameters. The fungus is, found in abundance in tho hair and f unou'.iding parts. Other cattle or horses should not b; groomed with the .a mo, brush and currycomb, and a harness that has "wen used on a dis-c.u-ed animal should not be used an one that is healthy, for the disease can te transmitted from one animal to in other in that wav Treatment. The 'ditioane can be readily checked by oiling the affected parts 'with vaseline or any oil, or by apnlving with a brush tincture of iodine, kreso, turpentine, or kcnue.-ie, any of which can Ln used with go.,l results, it yields very readily to treat ment. Valt Cholem. Tlii' dbeaeo a not M.tltvly new. It H i-iie that has ot curr-1 in alrne; all daisy district, and luiy Iohju-h have hem ntistained amor.; lives, and from a similar dKn om na roll. In hi. ill'.l- s where It h.'H me ..rcvalhd it h o malty regarded as a new dis . i. yen in the dairy dUtieU It I well k'enut, Tlf love "!-r at. i.s car ried en lv I'rofe.et.ir Nocard have .lemoii. trated that th dMiao N n In frtttmi nnn and I chiefly contracted through t,u navel; that the Infected material oiler the navel ami t litre produce irritation mid nprend rapid ly tliroutfii tUu entire circulation. It chiefly attacks animals from me to four days old. After this age there seems to be less danger, which may be due to the fact that the navel has closed, which prevents infection. More losses occur where the stables are not kept clean and are badly drained and where the ventilation is poor, than where sanitation is more perfect. For a long time the idea that this dis ease could be transmitted through filthy stables was resented, but in investigations have clearly shown that the greatest danger exists where- saxii tation is neglected. . j Symptoms. There is a loss of ap petite, a watery discharge from tho I anus, the animal is restles?, there is an ineffectual straining to nsun dung, and the animal bellows and so nn trv i be in distress. The discharge n of ! a light color; later it' becomes a dark brown. Particles of coagulated milk may be discharged. In the -latter stages it has a very offensive odor, The animal becomes weak, and ex haustion is very rapid. There may be, convulsions, the eyeballs become sunk en, the hair is rough, and the gen eral signs of approaching death ap pear. Death usually results in from twelve to thirty-six hours. When this disease becomes established it spread, very rapidly and may continue on a' farm for a number of years. The leisons that are chiefly affected are the intestines and the fourth stom ach. The intestines show a catarrahal condition and the blood vessels are highly congested. The mucous mem brane is of a dirty Tay or yellowish color. The possibility of the infec tion by mouth is quite reasonable, but the fact that animals that have never tasted food become affected with scours contradicts this theory and makes the infection by the navel more probable; and again, the very successful preventive, treatment where the navel of new-born calves and colts has been thoroughly disinfected has readily proven that the navel is the medium of infection. The sanitary conditions, therefore, should be made perfect, the stables and cor rals should be kept clean, and the navel of new-born animals through ly disinfected as soon after birth as possible. The method that has proven successful is as follows: Upon the ar rival of the calf the navel - is im mediately given , a, i .preliminary disinfection with lukewarm water and soapsuds, then a string is tied tightly around the navel 2 1-2 inches from the body and the end of the navel seared with a hot iron so that it is entirely closed up. Where this is not done the navel can be disinfected by the use of a solution of one ounce of tinc ture of iodine and two ounces of glycerin, applied once a day until tho navel has healed; or the entire navel may be painted over, when the hair has been clipped from it, with iodo form collodion. When these preventive measures have been strictly adhered to, the loss has subsided immediately. As to a curative measure little can be said. Professor Otis of Kansas recommends dried blood, a teaspoonful three time a day. Dr. Kline in Bulletin No. 122 of the South Carolina experiment station recommends the following: "The con dition demands a method of treatment that can reach and destroy the fler mefftative and putrefactive bacteria whether they are located in the milk, in unclean feeding vessels or in the stomach or bowels of the calf. The addition of formalin by a. German in vestigator to cows' milk intended for tho nourishment of infants to protect them against tuberculosis infection, suggested the use of formalin for this disease. Investigation developed that in laboratory experiments it had been found that one part of formalin added to 4.OC0 parts of milk did not interefere with the action of any of the digestive ferments in digesting the milk. In another experiment milk containing the drug in this proportion, 1-4,000, was fed to calves for over a month with out any injurious effect upon the di gestive organs. Contrary to interfer ing with the digestive function, for malin, in this amount, appeared to favor It, for tho milk containing tho formalin was snore completely diges ted than the milk without it. The ef fect of formalin on the bacteria of milk had also been tested and it was found that one part of formalin In 4,000 parts of milk would prevent the development of the common bacteria of milk. "It was, therefore, decided to try the effect of formalin ill this proportion In the treatment f milk-fed calves atTeeted with 'seiurs," To make tho administration l lrug a con venient as po.sslblp it was diluted With wnt.r In Much quantity that when a teaspoonful of th mltture wan added to each pint or pound of milk fed tlt drug would l prenent In the propor tion rietdrcd. Till" wa accomplished by adding fifteen und n half ounce of dlMiil.-d water o one-half ounce of formalin. Th notation wan put In ti prn.r cl'rd ixittu nd kept In JK o ! Kaws "Tut, tut, says the Uneeda iscuit 5e NATIONAL BISCUIT COMPANY 'nil - a cool place to prevent decomposition. One teaspoonful of this mixture was added to each pint or pound of milk to be fed to the affected calf. This gave the drug in the propx t ! m of one par,t to 4,000 parts of milk. In ten of the cases treated the formalin solution was put into the milk at the time of feeding. In two cases it was added to the skim-milk immediately after separation. While no difference in results was observed it would seem advisable to add the formalin solu tion to the milk to be fed to affected calves as soon after separation as ccn verient. "The calves used in the experiment were left with the cow for the first twenty-four hours, then fed the dam's milk, in a self-feeder for a week, and then gradually changed from whole milk to skim-milk, at the same time having access to a box of corn meal or ensilage. The whole milk was fed fresh from the cow, , but the f kim milk was always twelve hours old. The milk from the cows was haulad from th j barn to th-j dairy, a distance of one-fourth mile, after each milking After being separated the ckim-milk was placed in a spring until the wagon arrived from the barn with the next nd king about twelve houres later, wl cn it was wii'iwl to 18 degrees (Ft hrenheit) and hauled back to thf bam and fed io the calves. Tlf feeding vessels were rinsed, after eack feeding, with hot water hauled from the dairy. Seven of the calves (Nos. 8. 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 and 15) were brought in from another herd at one and two days old and only received the dam's milk 24 to 48 hours. "The effect of formalin on the dis ease was tested under these condi tions. When the first symptoms ap peared the amount of the mlfk fed was reduced one-half to one pound and one teaspoonful of the formaliP solution was added to each pound (or pint) given to the calf." Summary of Kleln'n Treatment. "Twelve milk-fed calves affected with 'scours' were treated by adding formalin to the "milk in the propor tion of one part of the drug to 4, 00' parts of milk. "Eleven recovered without any ad ditional treatment seven on the second day after the use of the for malin was begun, three on the third day and one on the ninth day. "The other calf, No. It, required ad ditlonal treatment, but finally recover ed. "Three cases ot 'scours' In calves being fed or. grain and running at pasture were treated with formalin, but the drug did not prove efT.ctivo in this variety of tho disease." law. The officers in charge of the work here look for nothing of the kind. So far they have found parents, and em ployers reasonable, and the system of permits that is already in operation promises to work-without serious fric tion of any kind. TWO FIAXOS, BIG CASH FIU.ES FHEE! In this issue will be ound on page three an advertising of Successful Farming, of Des Moines, Iowa, which is one of the best and most successful agricultural papers in the United States. They are making a remarkable offer to our readers of two pianos and some large cash prizes to those who count the dots correctly in the picture of a piano which appears in their ad vertisement. Full conditions are given and we would suggest that our readers should look this up and go after these prizes. We would be more than pleased if some of these big prizes should be won by readers of our paper, and, while it is not so easy to count these dots as it may seem from first glance,' we see no reason why "readers of our paper should not be the fortu nate ones. Successful Farming is re sponsible and refers to evry bank and business house in Des Moines "and awarding of prizes will be wholly in the hands . of disinterested judges, among whom is the treasurer of the state of Iowa, a judge of the district court and a minister. It would seem this is an opportunity for somebody to get large prizes free. Look up their offer in this issue and get in your counts. We like our friends to be perfectly frank with us about other people. Some girls are so proper that we wonder how they can. think of going on a wedding trip without a chaperon. way y? 1. V k The advocates of the child labor law admit that it might well have been enacted without tho emergency clause, as it will do children very little &ood to he forced Into school for a few week at tho end of th yenr. For l hi i ca non a llttlw leniency will be rhown In tho enforcement of the law In Lincoln at leant during tho remainder of the school year. After that a t onjuitntiou effort will t made to prevent children t elnjf kept out of hool to earn nnMi) The fear I 4 Jtprei d In Omuh.i tlmt wholesale j rte-eu(loMt follow thu effwrU of the officers la ruforco tlej &S55tV I ft Young Cholly De Mugg And his wife were high tortcJ, They quarrelled most every day; The ndchbort ail fay the tone wu w hi ah Yovi could hear them a half mill w&vl