Norris Expresses Opinions on Vital Questions of Day Senator Explains Reasons for Retention of Civil Service Restrictions and Abolition of Electoral College. Washington. 1>. <- ja.-Senator Ueorge W. Norris of Nebraska, in an interview today, went into com-ider detail in explaining his position ns to the abolition of the electoral college, the Daugherty imjieai hment, j retention of civil service restrictions and other pending matters. He said: “I do not think that people would oppose tho abolishment of the elec toral college if they stopped to think of the absolute uselessness of that machinery, it was put in originally with the id'-a that the eleetorti would exorcise some discretion of their own \ in the selection of chief magistrate, hut we all know that has now become a myth and there is no such thing as discretion on the part of presidential electors. I cannot think anil have not heard of a single argument that could he offered iii favor of 11 if reten tion of the electoral college. Wq vote for those electors who are pledged In turn to vote for th<* presidential can didate whom we fnvor. Why not eliminate them and vote direct for the man we favor for president? Why this extra machinery, even though tho same result is brought alaiut in tho end? College Takes Voters' Wight. “This machinery in effect takes away to some extent the right of a voter to freely express his choice at the ballot bax. In a free government this Tight ought not to he Infringed upon, either directly or Indirectly, in any degree. To my mind this proposi tion is fundamental under our pres ent system. It is an impossibility for a citizen to vote for a candidate for president on one ticket and a candi date for vice president on another be cause the presidential elector for whom ho votes, in order to have his vote cast properly for president, is pledged to vote for a particular man foi r ice president. This may seem an unimportant difficulty. As a matter of fact, it is fundamental. It takes away tho right of a voter to have his vote counted. “Another fundamental right in a tree government is that every voter must have the right, regardless of parties and nominations, to write on tho ballot the name of any man he desires to vote for, for any office. An •attempt is made to preserve this right when presidential electors arc on the ticket by having as many blank spaces on the ballot as there are electors to be voted for. Franchise Curtailed. In theory This preserves the right of the voter to vote as he pleases for' president. In actual practice it la an absolute denial of it, because no man can vote for an independent set of electors. Thus his right to vote is curtailed and he is only given a choice. This again at first blush may seem to bo unimportant, but again T answer it is fundamental. No man would think of providing for an of ficial I'allot, for Instance in our state, that would not glv<; the voters the right to write In the names of any one for any office and to have his vote counted. Hence, our official ballot calls for blank places in every office. If we were voting directly for president, Instead of voting for electors, and ono blank line for president and an other for vice president were pro vided on tho ballot, this fundamental right would be preserved. The effect of the present system is to make it impossible, ns a matter of practical politics, for any person to be a candi date lor president or vice president in dependent of* all parties. It causes political parties to bo- neglectful of the sentiment of the people in making nominations because they know (he right of tho voter tu practice is cur tailed so that be onlft has a choice between -nominees. We would not stand for such a proceeding on gov ernor for instance, in a state. We know the tendency would be to make political parties reckless and careless in making nomination^ but the same rule exactly applies to president, where this right Is not preserved., All economists admit that Intelligent voting depends to a great extent upon tho length of the ballot. I saw a few years ago an official ballot of the state of New York, and as I recall tt now it was 30 feet long. Practically tho entire tiling was taken up by printing the -names of the presidential electors oh' tho various .tickets and then they hail as many blank spaces a« there were, electors In the state of New York. If the electoral col lege had been abolished, instead of taking up 20 or 23 feet of paper, the entire thing would not have been more than two or three inches' in length. Partisan Keeling Same. ’"It makes no difference how parti i.an we are gr how hidebound we may >o Ih our allegiance to a political par ty, we nil wont a fair election and to give to every qualified voter the rieht to freely express his choice. We ail rvnllze’tfcnt on this principle more than on any other depends the effi ciency of a- government by the peo ple. and yon cannot take away from the people the right to so express themselves without detracting front tho efficiency of the government. I am not much of a partisan, but 1 am frank to confess that men just as intelligent as I am and Just as pa triotic arc bitterly partisan. T think they are wrong, but that question is not involved. We all agree that a man ought to have the right to bo as partisan as he wants to be; he ought to have the right to be as in dependent as he wants to be. and every voter should have the unqual ified right of deciding for himself whether he will blindly follow party or whether lie will decline to be a partisan. "This right ought to be preserved. It is not preserved in presidential matters. The electoral college stands in tile tiay. Hundreds of thousands of dollars extra expense to the tax payer is made necessary by this fifth wheel- of our wagon. If it were abol ished, the man who wants to follow his party blindly and without excep tion would have the right to do so. The independent fellow would also be protected ip Ills right. This free dom is necessary in a free govern ment amt- I think we all admit it. -^¥00 have asked ote a question In regard to the charges against Mr. Daugherty that 1 am not fully quali fied to answer. During the Wilson administration there was extrava gance and corruption almost without limit in the expenditures of public money. I think limited investiga tions that were made by the commit tees of tho house and senate have demonstrated this. These extrava ginces in the expenditure of public funds have run into many hundreds of millions of dollars. If we were fair I think wo will concede that great allowance should he made for extrav agances during a period of war. but from what information I have had from thi se investigations, 1 have reached the conclusion that many of them were criminal. The guilty par ties in many instances could be suc cessfully prosecuted and sent to prison. "During the presidential campaign "c made great capital out of this. I think the country believed that’1f wr got Into power we were going to prosecute these criminals. I know I believed it, and I think the people generally sharer) in that belief, but when we came Into power, no proseeu th ua took place. In fact investiga tions have shown that honest and diligent men were discharged from of fice because they W e‘'0 unearthing some of the frauds ano getting them in shape for prosecution. Did Not Function. "The Department of Justice did not function. When complaints were made the Department of Justice claimed they needed more money and that they had not prosecuted because they did not have sufficient funds. Immediately congress appropriated a lot more money. I was suspicious then that the Department of Justice was not doing Its duty liecause It made no request for money until charges were made that they were not prosecuting. I will not he satisfied with civil prosecutions and the re turn of money. Since tlie* complaint was made a great many actions have been commenced, mostly civil actions. Criminals have as a rule not been prosecuted. I reached the conclusion and I think many others did that the republican administration were doing the same ns their predecessors. The guilty parties were just as much our fellows as they were the other fel lows. "When movement began to be made for the impeachment of the attorney general I declined to take any part in them on the ground that the senate is the trial court in case of an official’s impeachment by the house. It seem ed to he therefore that one who had to sit in judgment ought not partici pate in making the investigation. I felt like X would feel If I knew I were going to be called on a Jury to try a man on the charge of a crime Creighton R. 0. T. C. Officers and Non-Coms Appointed Creighton university student offiiwrs on parade. Front is Maj. Edward B. Maloney. Serond row, left to irght: First l.ieul. Ah in \. tioeser, h irst Lieut. I’anl A. Koelin. First Lieut. Is>ster E. Kramer. Second row, left to right: ('apt. Bernard II. Jarobbergcr, (apt. (Jordon llaniniill, ( apt. .Iniin II. Walters and ('apt. Francis E. Fitzgerald. Appointment of 29 commissioned officers and 86 noncommissioned otfi cers has been announced for Creigh ton university by MaJ. C. S. Hoffman, under provisions of the special regu lations governing the R. O. T. C. Thirty-five of the noncommissioned officers are In the Junior Unit High school. The others are in the senior unit. All sophomores and freshmen in the Arts and Science college of Creighton university must take the military training. Juniors and sen iors may take the training if they care to do so. Juniors and seniors who are taking the military training are allowed the same ration money as Is given regular enlisted soldiers and they must spend one summer In trulnlng camp. When graduated, they are given lieutenants' commis sions. The names of those appointed by MaJ. Hoffman, with the approval of President McCormick of Creighton are as follows: Senior l nit. To lie major:. Edward R. Moloney. To bo captains: Bernard H. Jarobber ger, Gordon H. Uammlll. John H. Wal ers, Francis E. Fitzgerald, John W. Kim ball. John B. Otto To be first lieutenants: I.ester E. Kram er. Laudence H. Brown, Paul Koehn, George Koehn, C. Kelli Crowley. Jullua A. Humphrey. Alvin H. Goeaer, I.arabert A Hoch, Theodore Btuechel, Herbert Llchtenherger. To be xecond Iteutenanta: Logan T. Flnnerty. Henry n Podier. Hubert Von i Tersch. Parwin J. B Bone, John }’. Kel-| ley, Lawrence Glynn, John Redden, Rob- j ert J. Kerltn. Jlerwv A. Lacrmakers, Ed ward Hourbead, Will B. Flanagan, Odllo Suing. To be color sergeant: Addison V. Bran don. ® To he sergeants: Gordon X. Richmond Francis J Coffey. Frank ii. Beaumont. William A. Kelly, John II. Pumphy. Ralph M. Thompson, Addison V. Brandon. Ma> nard tWeenherg, Isaac Sternhill, Frank T\ Ryan, William E Chrlemas, Leo R. McCabe, Robert E. Britt. John J. Fraw ley, Donald F. Schwtfrtley. Charles H. Sohemmer. Michael J. McOreevy, Ed ward 8. Hickey. John B. French, Louts N. Itask, Frank W. Brennan, Allen Ardell To be corporals: Robert H. Weasels. John RstMhcr. Thomas C. Konaston, Frank L. Hose, Carl Ltnehauser. Amy Harlay, Milton A. Abrahams, Frank H | Cusasn. David Gross, Charles C. Moran.] John C. MeKim, George V. Taylor, Julius J R. Mueller, . John Newl»»-rger. Robert F K* - nan. 11 - i liam Rugdale, Robert 1' Fennell. Gordon i Reefe, Richard Mu* huff, James Cash, j Churl's Melnerney, Joseph Tlllotson, Falnuel Caniglia, Charles .luorgens. To he corporals: Rudolph Teller. Wil frid Fleming. prank Winters, Frank Maney, Fee Walsh, Harold F. Rtuhen, Km met Powers, Hubert M 'Coy, William Price, Ose.ar Pfaff. C. Peter, Jerome Fox. ' Dcnnl Ue°bc. Thomas Honney, Daniel Wonder, William Seheibel, Charles Dugan, Theodore Peter, Charles McNeil, Joseph Sloup. and I feel that way yet. I have fol lowed in the newspapers what has taken place before the house judiciary committee and I have formed the opinion from what I have read that the judiciary committee has not been acting fairly with those who were try ing to impeach Mr. Daugherty. It seems to me that they are attempting to try those who make the charges, rather than try those against whom the charges are made. I have tried many criminal cases and I have pre sided in court in a great many cases where criminals have been tried and while the motive of the prosecution is always proper evidence on the trial, yet'it is no defense to a man charged with a crime to show that the prose cutor Is moved by prejudice or selfish motive. "Such evidence is proper in taking into consideration and weighing of all evidence, hut the issue always is the guilt or innocence of the man charged, and not what kind of a man the prosecutor may be, or whether he Is an enemy of the man he is prose cuting. In nine times out 10 in criminal cases, the man who is the complaining witness in a criminal charge is the hitter enemy of the man he charges with the crime. As a rule men are not charged with crime by their friends. “I think my position on the question oC part iso i >li;p ts well understood Tli»' partisan passes over lightly tin faults that he **bserves In the reput It ,an party and empha.si/.es the » . r ho discovers in the opposing . pat try Thin s ,»f » urwc his m ilieu iMe right I would not interfere with it it, an> \v;i/ if I could It is on*‘ of the fundamental rights of a tree poo ple and a tree press I would go to any length to protect him in this light. Notwithstanding all ?k 1 do not .t-groe with those who follow such a coin V. To my mind— spelling par ticularly now ( f newspaper*—a news paper that will he ns free and as frank in eritieising its own party as it is in eritieising other parlies utnd parts leadi ! :•. is p forming the hi.-jh- *• ttd of ptiblle service and In the end* • Mpe-sally in this intefllgdnt . its Influence will l»e double ibat of a l newspaper that pursues a partisan course. Backward Step. “Our administration has tak* n a backward step in civil servi< e mat tcrs. We started but at the very beginning by taking the p i office partly out of civil service. W* have follow I'd that up by taking even the rural curriers partly out of civil sci v i« c. The practi' t* new is, aftec tin civil service examination tor tin * P" ^siti«ms. to let the republican m* ruber of congress select the appoint* ** from this Ijs'. 'Ihis may he 1>etb*r than not having any civil service, but it is not nearly as good as to take the up [►ointments entirely away from poll tu ians and let them he passed upon <4^irely by the *i\i! service com mission. It seems to me we ought either to do this, or we ought to re peal the civil service law and put every one of those positions upon the political pie counter and go on the theory that to the victor belongs the spoils. Now nhon our party lakes this kind of position, or rather when the officials in power being republi cans, take this kind of position, it seems to me vve ought to openly con demn it just as frankly .and lr* •»!v as if this were done by our political opponents. “It would be the policy of a partisan individual or partisan paper to ex ruse our party when vve did this, and yet we have condemned the demo crats thousands of times for doing similar things. According to my idea, wo ought to condemn it regardless of who brings if about. I have followed this course, I have protested to the , postmaster general that the course they have taken is wrong; that they are not carrying out the pledges we have made to the people, and that the effect of it all will be inferior service. In doing this, I called down upon my head tho condemnation of a large number of prominent repub licans. “it is unpleasant to occupy a posi tion of this kind. So mgph so, that I .tni anxious to < u of public lif*» i liav »P i a | ..nitinn of thie kind for <• mar' \ \i that it in j£<*ni*< tii rsi.m* . m! iftei 11! who is it that s'ts huis'lf up • ai'i-o* with t1 • right to Hay what tli party s policy sh I! ! 'll: last • xpt >\ or of the pr -nlont through his peylira a r t ml to nullify Uiifl tl fioo ami i » take the opposite . unis' ami when ho does, is it tin* duty of republicans to blindly and f iihfullv follow hin in this course, a ll In ar.: h ii put - UK l> foie (he r"Uu tr> * - ph 'i. m, mip flung Ik Ioiv elce Hon and doing a different t hi tip jif I• *i■ election” Has tin* president 1h« » u lit if following lus individual opin ion to nullify the choree of a mt* i .tiim 1 c-onv uk'ii and to make* it itu p. ratio upon any uuui who wants , * call hint * * a n pttWie.m to follow him in whatever c urs* he d sires to talc Ar** n puldu ii s tliere’fort* de prived *>f the n/hf criticise him n*. itise In* happen* t*» he* a repuhh ejiu nd at the* sittjc* time happens to |m prc-sadcMit of t li * * lT intcd States/ Are wc» as t ■ • pr• s< ntativ'.s of the* pro pi | rf stuin.;- bur full duty when wrcynain silent it sttolt times a* (hi*- * 1 h ive* riven this instanc e only a a li ilhisfa-aiic-.n of what is, in fac t, only a general ruh*. 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