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RED CLOUD, NEBRASKA, CHIEF
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EBRASKA'S utilnuo now cnnltnll
N That's it, exactly. Tlio Treeplnnt-
ers' stnto 1ms broken ground for a
htnte liouse, gunrunteed to bo dllTerent
from nny of the forty-seven vnrletles
in the United Stntes of America.
Along In 1025, If nil goes well, the
Lincoln-bound onsterner, while still
far out on tho plains, will be sur
prised Into saying to tho nearest
fellow-passenger without nn Intro
duction: .
"Will you kindly tell me what Is that enormous
tower on the western horizon?"
"That's the upper stories of tho now Nebraska
eapitol," will be the answer.
"How odd I It looms up Hlco tho Washington
monument."
"Sure. Why not? That's what It's for."
And that Is exactly the purpose of this enormous
tower.
"The object of the architect In making this
feature,' says the ofllclally Inspired description,
"was to furnish the comparatively Hat state of
Nebraska with an elevated building which could
be at once an object of beauty and a sourco of
inspiration. This tower, surmounted by a colossal
llgure called 'Tho Sower, will l6 seen, it Is esti
mated, from U0 to 40 miles from every direction."
This capltol marks the greatest departure over
made In American state-house architecture. Nev
ertheless, Nebraska went about it with delibera
tion. The plan was secured through n series of
compositions given under the auspices of tho
American Institute of Architects. Three Nebraska
men were selected In a preliminary competition
In which the economic and political aspects of the
problem were considered as well as the nrchl
v tectural requirements. Seven firms, of national
reputation outside of Nebraska Joined in tho com
petition, which resulted In Juue, 1020, In the selec
tion of Ilcrtrniu G. Goodhue of New York as tho
architect of the commission.
For a year after tho adoption of tho plan It was
studied and rcstudlcd, not only by the nrchltect
and his staff, but by the commission nnd by tho
public. Some chnnges have been made, but tho
essenco of tho orlglnnl design remains, promising
a public building of unusual strength and beauty
ns well as economy of space and low operating
costs, according to the Nobraskan view.
The appearance of tho United" Stntes capltol
at Washington Is familiar to most Americans.
Also It has doubtless served us a model for most
American stato houses. A comparison between
tho United Stntes capltol and the Nebraska capl
tol will emphasize the extent of the lnttcr from
tho conventional and also give un idea of the slzo
of tho new structure.
Tho United States capltol Is about 700 feet
long and tho domo is 135 feet In diameter; tho
building, therefore, covers about four acres. Tho
dome is 285 feet in height, from the bnsc to the
crest of tho statue of "Freedom." Tho cost was
about 9J0.000.000.
Tho Nebraska capltol Js approximately 410 feet
equaro; It, therefore, covers almost four acres.
Tho cost la to be ?5,000,000. It willliavo a basc
nent below tho grade, a first lloor funning n ter
race entirely around tho building, and a iuuln lloor
bringing tho parapet to a height of 51 feet from
tho ground level. The chief feature of tho struc
ture Is a tower rising from tho center to a height
of 400' feet. This tower, Burmouutcd by a colossal
ilguro called "Tho Sower," will bo 80 foot squuro
nt tho baso nnd will tuper only slightly as It
rises. It la a square, sovero shaft, pierced on
each of Its four Bldca by long continuous windows
and tentilnatlug In a graceful domo of colored or
gilt tile.
liut while thlfl architectural feature will distin
guish tho bulldlns and make It different from nil
other slato cnpltols, it is also utilitarian to tht
very top. Tho lower portion. of tho towor will
contnln tho main rotunda. Above this It will
carry a dozen floors of oillces, housing many of
the state departments and providing room for an
Indefinite expansion of the storage space for the
state library. At the top, underneath the dome,
will he located the war trophy room. This will
be n magnificent apartment with space to store
In permnnent safety tho buttle flags and other
relics of Civil war, tho Spanish and Philippine
wars and tho World war.
The tower which brings In a strictly utilitarian
feature to take tho place of tho ornamental but
economically useless dome Is the most striking
feuture of tho plan, but Is by no means Its only
excellence. Tho basement and first floor will
house the servlco features and many of tho stato
departments. The chambers which distinguish
such a building will bo found ou tho main floor.
Entering from tho north by a broad lllght of stairs,
tho visitor finds himself In tho hall of state, a
vaulted apartment approximately CO feet high,
and containing niches for statues nnd spaces for
Inscriptions and several paintings. At tho left
will be a series of rooms for the governor.
Passing directly to the center of the building
and standing In tho rotunda, tho visitor will have
at his right a beautifully designed senate cham
ber and nt his left a somewhat larger npnrtment
for tho house of representatives. In front ho will
see the doors leading to tho supremo court rooms
with the state library Immediately above.
Four courts opening to the sky admit light and
air to tho Interior. Tho arrangement Is such that
every office In the structure opens either upon the
outside or upon one of these courts. Tho library
and tho chambers of legislation aro lighted by
clear-sky windows. Even tho rotunda, which In
practically all cnpltols must bo Illuminated artifi
cially, receives direct light from windows cut Into
tho tower as It emerges from tho roof. The marvel
of tho design Is that It covers so much ground
and hns so largo n capacity without requiring
artificial lighting in nny department.
Tho, stylo of architecture employed is slmplo
and dignified. Nothing Is employed, In fact, but
well established forms. Simplicity Is tho keynote.
Tho material Is to be of stone of n rather light
buff tone. Tho tower will bo of steel construe
tlon with wind braces to give It security.
The building will bo enriched by sculpture, pnlnt
Ings and vaulting of colored nnd gilt tile. The fig
ures over tho main entrance, representing wisdom,
Justice, power and mercy, have already been mod
eled by Lee Lawrle, to whoso hands has been en
trusted all tho sculpturo for tho completed build
ing. Inscriptions drown from tho great storehouse
of the world's wisdom will ho carved on tho walls.
Spnce will bo left for mural paintings, but these
will not be Included In the present work of tho
commission.
Nebraska has appropriated ?5,000,000 for tho
erection of Its now capltol, without furnishing.
More thnn, one-half of tho money has been col
lected. A levy has been mado for n considerable
portion of tho remainder. Contracts will bo let
during tho summer In tlmo to insuro tho comple
tion of tho building beforo tho close of 1025.
There is no reason so far as finances are con
cernedwhy Nebraska shmilil not liavo a S5.000.-
000 capltol, if it wants one. The state has a
population of almost 1,300,000. Ten years ago
its per capita wealth was $.'$.110. while tho
average for tho United States is $1,005. The stato
debt Is $200,831, which Is but 10 cents per capita;
only New Jersey hns a smuller stute and per
capita debt.
Tho placing of "Tho Sower" on top of tho great
tower Is strikingly appropriate. Nebraska Is
essentially an agricultural state. It has but five
cities of 10,000 population: Omnha, 101,001;
Lincoln, 51,018; Grand Island, 13,017; Hastings,
11,017; North Platte, 10,400. Its farm property
is valued at $1,103,825,212. Its farm land acreage
is 42.838,830. The average farm value Is $29,027.
Its farmers annually grow over 250,000,000 bushels
of corn, 00,000,000 bushels of wheat and S0.000.000
bushels of oats. In 1020 the value of Nebraska's
crops was $300,400,000 and the agricultural rani: of
tho state was thirteenth.
Lincoln was origipally called Lancaster. This
city was laid out In 1S04, with a population of
Just about a dozen. In 1807, when Nebraska was
admitted to the Union, there was a population of
less than 30. Nevertheless, Lancaster was mado
the capltol of tho state and Its namo was chnnged
to Lincoln, in honor of tho martyred President,
then two years dead.
Lincoln Is a good site for a tower with tho pur
pose of making people look up, since the place
is almost level. There Is a story about a man
who bought a $2,000 piano and had to rebuild and
refurnish his house to correspond. Probably Lin
coin will spruce up a bit In honor of the now capi
tal, but tho city Is already attractive, with fine
Wide avenues and many noteworthy buildings. It
Is the seat of the University of Nebraska and
Stato Agricultural college and several other educa
tional Institutions. Among the prominent build
ings aro tho federal building, courthouse, city lii.ll,
penitentiary, Insane nsylum, St. Elizabeth's hos
pital nnd the Carnegie library. The city Is In
about the center of the eastern third of the state.
It lies southwest of Omaha and Is Just far enough
away so that Its tower cannot bo seen.
Lincoln's new capltol building will be the third
to stand on tho snme site. Tho first structure
naturally was not very pretentious. Hut tho sec
ond has done Its duty nobly, being n structure of
white limestone erected nt n cost of $500,000.
Nebraska has un Interesting history, which
would surprise thoso who hnve been brought up
to believe there Is no such thing ns history west
of tho Alleghcnles or possibly tho Mississippi.
Tho first white man to see It wns probably Coro
nado In 1511, somo tlmo before Plymouth Hock
became so well known. The Chotenus of St.
Louis, famous early fur-traders, got up to tho
forks of tho Platte in 1702. Tho first known set
tlement was In 1805. at Bellovuo by Manuel Lisa
of fur-trading fame. Tho American Fur company
established posts at Omnha and Nebraska City
about 1825. The Mormons wintered In Nebraska,
1845-10. Thousands of gold-seekers passed through,
beginning with 1840. Theso wcro also tho days
of the Oregon trail nnd its famous migration.
Nebraska In theso early times was rich la tho
romance of American pioneer history.
Nebraska's early political career was checkered,
Tho territory now constituting tho stato was orig
inally a part of tho Louisiana Purchaso (1801)'
and afterward a port of Missouri territory. For
a generation after tho admission of Missouri (1821)
tho territory was practlcolly without government.
In 1853, unablo to get congressional sanction as
a territory, tho Inhabitants organized a provisional
government nnd elected William Walker governor.
After sevoinl attempts to be admitted as a state,
Nebraska, finally got In ovor President Johnson's
veto In 1807.
Child Training at Home
SETTLING CHILDREN
DISPUTES
By MARY E. DOZIER, Principal Six
teenth Street Kindergarten,
Columbus, Qa.
IT ALL happened one dny between
the home folk In the kindergarten
room, but It sot the older folk to
thinking.
Kindergarten hud not yet started,
and Tim, a little fellow of three and n
half walked over and took tho oak
chair that Clifton, aged five and a
half, had placed beside the table for
work. When Clifton had realized
what had happened, a tug of war be
gan, nnd the two children were soon
Joined hy others, most of them to aid
little Tim.
Tho kindergarten teacher stopped
what she wns doing nnd gave her at
tention to the group and, although
she might have stepped over and put
an end to the struggle, she only stood
by and watched.
It looked as though tho troublo
would never end, nnd as though somo
one might bo hurt, but still shu did
not Interfere; she only looked on,
ready, however, to take a hand If It
beenmo necessary.
At last one of tho older boys was
called to help. Ho studied tho situa
tion, observed that the fuss was over
an oak chair, and that there was ono
more oak chair In the room; he solved
the problem by offering the vacant
chair to little Tim, nnd all wns settled
to every one's satisfaction. The teach
er heaved a sigh of relief, and gave n
smile of approval; It was a step In
the children's development, ono well
worth while.
Parents Interfere Too Soon.
""Why can't children settle more of
their own disputes? Isn't It becuuso
wo Interfere too soon Instead of giv
ing them a chance to work out their
problems for themselves?
The same little Tim of tho chair
episode had a habit of slapping chil
dren when ho became excited. Ho
was not a malicious child, but ho
sometimes had nn unfortunate way of
expressing his friendliness, nnd nl-
AMERICANS IN MAKING
Vice President Calvin Coolldgo
recently said:
"We miibt remember that wo
have not only the present but
the future to safeguard ; our ob
llgutlons extend even to gener
ations yet unborn. The unasslm
llated alien child menaces our
children, ns the alien industrial
worker, who has destruction
rather than production In mind,
menaces our Industry."
The kindergarten Is ono of our
most potent agencies for Ameri
canization. Under Its Inlluenco
tho little ullen child soon be
comes ono of us, nnd carries In
to his homo the true spirit of
democracy, Industry, honesty,
fair play and patriotism.
though the teacher understood his
really affectionate nature, the, chil
dren of four nnd five who received tho
neighborly slaps resented them.
due day Tim shipped a child who
retaliated, and several blows ensued
before tho toucher observed tho af
fair. Tim received ono slap too
many, and lie began to weep and
back away. Tho teacher stepped In
Just then nnd remarked, "If little boys
hit people, people will hit hack at
them, sometimes." It was Interesting
to watch the change of expression on
Tim's face, and also to observe how
Ids treatment of his playmates Im
proved In tho dnys following tho affair.
Let Children Settle Disputes.
A child psychologist recently made
this remark : "I wonder If wo nro not
having so many lawsuits today, espe
cially contests over wills, because tho
children wero not allowed to settlo
their disputes In tho back yard."
Isn't there food for thought In that
remark? Of course we uro not to al
low the sovcn-year-old brother to take
everything' from tho three-year-old sis
ter; ho may need some reasoning Just
thero, but when children nro not too
unfairly matched, isn't t wIfo to give
them n chance to thresh out the mat
ter without always on Interference
from their elders?
There nro undoubtedly ninny. times
when tho grown-up must uso his Judg
mont for tho physical, as well as tha
moral, well-being of the child, but still
I plend that we first glvo children a
chance to settle their own disputes.
BURBANK'S ADVICE
Put ii boy born of gentle white
parents among Indians nnd ho
will grow up like nn Indian.
Let tfio child born of criminal
parents have a setting of mor
nllty, Integrity nnd love, and
tho chances nro that ho will not
grow up Into a criminal, but
Into nn upright man.
I inn as certain or theso great
truths as I am of great truths
in tho plant world. Put a plant
Into close quarters without sun
shine nnd room to grow normal
ly and you'll get a hoodlum
plnnt.
Tho only place hoodlums grow
Is In dark, dry, crumped sur
roundings. Change thoso sur
roundings; put a little lovo and
care and sunshine Into their
lives and you get opposlto re
sults. Luther Hurbank.
HARDIN PUT BACK
ON HIS FEET TWICE
Was Relieved of Both Rheumatism
and 8tomach Troublo by Tanlao,
States Los Anneleo Man.
"For tho second time Tiiulnc has put
me on my foot, nnd you may know ly
that what I think of It," said William
T. Uardln, 1400 Garden St., Los An
geles, Calif.
"Three years ago, I had rheumatism
In my shoulders nnd neck no hnd 1
could hardly work. I tried modlclno
after medicine only to get worse, but
finally I got hold of Tnnlnc, and 1
haven't had a trace of rheumatism
since.
"Then Inst summer my stomach got
out of order, I lost my nppotlto nnd
what llttlo I did eat mndu mo feel
bloated, all stuffed up and miserable.
I always felt weak, tired anil worn out,
nnd was so nervous I couldn't sleep.
"Well, Tnnlnc did n good Job for ir
beforo, so I Just got somo moro of V
and now It has again fixed mo tip, nnd
I'm feeling strong nnd energetic like
I used to. I'll tell tho world Tnnlnc'tf
tho modlclno for me."
Tnnlnc Is sold by all good drugglsh..
The Sense of Perfection.
"Crimson Gulch Isn't Improving ns
fast as I thought It would."
"Tho town Is kind o' hold back by
prldo and patriotism," replied Cactus
Joe. "Anybody who'd venturo to hint
that Crimson Gulch needs any Im
provements would Immediately bo so
unpopular that he'd lose his Infiucnco."
Thousands Have Kidney
Trouble and Never
Suspect It
Applicants for Insurance Often
Rejected.
Judging from rerorts from druggists
who are constantly in direct touch with
the public, thcro Is ono preparation that
has been very successful in overcoming
these conditions. Tho mild and hcalins
influence of Dr. Kilmer's Swamp-Root ii
soon realized. It stands tho highest tor
its rcmarknblo record of bucccss.
An examining physician for one of th.
prominent Life lnsuianca Companies, ia
nn interview on tho mibject, mada the as
tonishing statement that one reason why
so many applicants for insurance aro re
jected is because- kidney troublo is so
common to tho American people, and tha
large majority of those whose applica
tions nro declined do not even suspect
that they have tho ,:8casc.
Dr. Kilmer's Swamp Itoot is on sale
tit nil drug stores in bottles of two sizes,
medium nnd large. However, if you wish
first to test this great preparation send
ten cents to Dr. Kilmer & Co., Bingham
ton, N. Y., for a samplo bottle. When
writing be sure and mention this paper.
Advertisement.
Sufficient Indication.
"When I sees n man playln' check
ers three or four hours every after
noon," said Uncle Ebon, "I don't need
no credit men's agency to tell mo htj
don't have to pay no surtax on his In
come."
ASPIRIN INTRODUCED
BY "BAYER" Ifo 1900
Look for Name "Bayer" ov. the Tab
lets, Then You Need
Never Worr.
If you wnnt tho tru. world-famous
Aspirin, ns prescribed by physlcluns
for over twenty-one years, you must
ask for "Bayer Tablets of Aspirin."
Tho name "Bayer" Is stamped on
each tablet nnd appears on each pack
age for your protection against Imita
tions. 'Advertisement.
Full Supply.
"Do you keep paint?"
"Oh, yes. Face or fence?" Louis
ville Courier-Journal.
Think twice before you m speak, Is
ndvlco lost on thoso who can't think
once.
An Expert
Writes:
"l used to be called
a poor cook, and
never pretended to
bake a cake worthy
of praise, but now
I am called the
championcakebaker
of my community,
thanks to the Royal
Baking Powder." ,
Mrs. R. W. P.
ROYAL
Baking Powder
Absolutely Pure
Contains No Alum
Leaves No Bitter Taste
Send for New Royal Cook Book
It ' FREE. Royal Baking Po w-derCo7126WmiamSt,NawYork
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