RED CLOUD, NEBRASKA, CHIEF
-
1 ,
4
P&mdisG
r
lpavaGiy
"t 'f-V' WZ&si "?' y n-7??
oavagGrv
New Guinea Woman and Baby.
(Frepared by the Natloml Oeoixrnptilc So
ciety, WiiBlilnKton, D. C )
I'erlmps it Is logical enough tlmt
less should he known nbout the largest
heavily Inhabited Island In the world
Nciw fiulneu than about the smaller
und more easily traversed lands of
ilie sea, especially slnee It lies HUe
the nolKhborlns continent of Australia,
nenr the nntlpnde of the western
world, far from the beaten track.
This Island has come Into notice re
cently through the action of the
League of Nations In giving to Aus
tralia the mandate for Its northenstern
quarter, formerly a colonial possession
of Germany. It Is probable, too, that
It may be one of the subjects of dis
cussion when the problems of the Ia
cllle are tnken up In Washington.
Except for a fringe of n few widely
fceparated settlements and mission sta
tions along the roasts, New Guinea (or
Papua, to give It Its native name) Is
a parnrtlse of savagery. I'robably In
no other area of equal extent In the
world has civilization made so light
nn Imprint. In the Interior of the
great Island beads are bunted as In
smaller regions elsewhere, cannibal
feasts are held, savage dialects are
spoken Innocent of nny modification
by civilized language, primitive weap
ons are used, nnil there Is practically
no contact with and no knowledge of
the outside world.
Origin of Papuans Unknown.
The origin of the "oriental negroes"
of I'apua Is nn unsolved problem to
ethnologists. On most of the Islands
to the enst and north and toward
Asia, straight-haired, relatively fair
Malays are found. Hut the Papuans
nre black, woolly-haired negroes like
the nntlves of the far-away Guinea
coast of western Africa. It was this
resemblance between the Inhabitants
of Pnpua anil Guinea that gave tho
Islnnd Its more common name among
westerners. Though the Papuan race
Is distinct, and though large numbers
of the pure stock exist on the Island,
the negro strain has nlso been mixed
with Malayan blood, resulting In nu
merous racial gradations.
The nntlves of the southeastern
part of the island may be said to
bark back to the days of their
nrboreal, pre-human ancestors, for
they live in rude leaf and straw
thatched hovels which they construct
In trees. Though this custom of tree
dwelling Is not followed to any great
extent In other portions of New
Gulnen, the natives of the Island all
seem determined to live well off tho
ground. The fnvorlte habitations
throughout iHnrgo part of the country
nre constructed on high piles. On the
protected ground beneath those struc
tures the culinary operations are usu
ally carried on. Many of tho build
ings nre long, narrow communal af
fairs, housing a score or more of na
tives. In mnny cases these habita
tions nre merely dark tunnels, but In
others they are divided Into compart
ments. Clothing bothers the Papuans
hut little, but they give much atten
tion to painting and tatoolng their
bodies, nnd to bedecking themselves
Jfvlth neck, noso nnd ear ornuments.
Odd Native Customs.
There Is very little furniture In
Papuan dwellings to bo shifted about
by tho "lady of the house" on cleaning
day. Important nmong the few mov
ables nre hard nnrrow wooden blocks,
scooped out to lit the neck "pillows"
which would ttnrdly nppenl to western
ers ns substitutes for their soft down
tilled cushions,
Somo of the tribes near the coast
have n pnsslfln for bathing, so grent
that they Impute a love of the water
to tho spirits of their doparted tribes
men. To facilitate "spirit bathing,"
Burvlvlng relatives nnd friends care
fully construct nnd keep open pnths
leading from ench grnvo to the sen.
When Uiey nre not dining on choice
cuts from somo enemy tribesman,
Popunns ent In the mnln n prosaic
enough diet of hnnnnns, yams, sngo,
brendfrult nnd tho meats of various.
nnimnls and fish, nut as choice tid
bits, some of the tribes cat certain
Insects and the meat of tho world's
y a
largest clam. The shells of these hugo
blwilves often weigh ."00 pounds, and
the meat alone -0 pounds.
Itellglotisly, New Guinea Is a mix
ture, Just as It Is politically. Moham
medanism has a slight foothold on
the west coast, due to the contact of
the tribes there with the Mohammed
ans of the Islands extending off to
ward Asia. Chrlstlun missions are
located at Intervals along the coast
ull around the island, but the number
of natives so far Chrlstlanl.cd is
small. On some of the tiny Islands
lying In the strnlt between New
Guinea and Australia entire commu
nities of Christians arc to be found.
Throughout niobt of the huge Island,
however, paganism Is rampant, the na
tives propitiating supposed evil spirits
and the forces of nature.
Because New Guinea Is so far from
countries with whoae size we nre fa
miliar, we are likely to consider Its ex
tent rather vague. If the Island could
be laid down along our Atlantic coast
we would soon appreciate its vastneBs.
It Is approximately 1,500 miles long,
and would reach from the southern
tip of Florida to the northernmost
point on the coast of Maine Its 400
miles of width would cover two-thirds
the distance of Bermuda. The area of
tho Iblnnd Is close to 300,000 square
miles, and It is supposed to have
about 1,000,000 inhabitants.
History of the Island.
New Guinea was discovered more
than half n century before Australia
was first sighted; but while the latter
has come to have u population of
fi.000,000 white people, and Is the scat
of an Important, modem Chiistlan gov
ernment, the former Is still almost
the undisputed domain of savagery.
The Dutch laid the first claim to ter
ritory in the Island, but confined their
operations to the western end. In
18S-1 the British established n protec
torate over the southwestern portion
of the country, nnd the Germans an
nexed the northeastern part the same
year. The three countries agreed on
boundaries in 1S85, but their partition
of the land wns almost wholly an nc
thin on paper, for there had been little
exploration of tho Interior. Eachcouu
tiy In the years since has established
a few trading and mission posts and
plantations In the coast country and
has set up the skeleton of a govern
ment, whose functioning, however, has
had little effect In the Interior.
The British portion of I'apua has
had the status of a territory of the
federal government of Australia since
lilOll, and the recent action of the
League of Nations In placing the for
mer German New Guinea In Australian
hands under mandate gives that com
monwealth control of n little over half
of the Island's totnl area.
Strange Animal Life.
The nnlmnl life of the world's big
gest t oplcnl Island, like that of neigh
boring Australia, Is strange and
blzorre in western eyes. In ancient
geologic ages Papua and Australia
were connected. Apparently for mil
lions of years they have been sepa
rated entirely from the rest of the
world, so that their animal types are
a .survival from the remote pnst. With
the exception of the pig, which probn
lily was brought from Asia relatively
recently, nil of the mnmmnls of Now
Guinea nre either marsupials which
carry their young In pockets, like the
opossum nnd the kangaroo, or arc
beasts that lay eggs like birds.
What New Guinea lacks In beasts
of the field It makes up in birds of
the air. As the home of hundreds of
species of feathered creatures, It Is
more favored than many other por
tions of the earth's surface. Its dense
tropical forests are nllve. with them
birds of almost every conceivable size
and shape and of a bowllderlng com
bination of colors. Most striking of
the many birds that count New Guinea
Ihelr homo Is tho gorgeously col
ored and beautifully formed blrd-of.
paradise. Most Interesting Is tho ro
mantic ond Ingenious bower-bird,
which builds a "pleasuro dome" solely
us, a place for Us love-making.
GET SILO READY
BEFORE FILLING
Paint Interior at Least Once m
Three Years and See That
Roof Is Water-Tight.
DOORS SHOULD FiT TIGHTLY
Hoops of Stave Structures Should De
Tightened and Any Defective Pieces
of Wood Replaced Air Will.
Spoil Silage.
(Proi'im-il by tli t'tiiti'd State Depart
ment of AKiii'iiltnie )
With the approach of the time for
filling the llo, experts In the United
Siates Department of Agriculture call
attention to the desirability of put
ting silos In siuipe ami making plans
for filling which will save valuable
time In the rush of work. Silos are a
comparatively new feature of farm
management, and in many cases have
been built Itv .substantially than some
of the older forms nf farm structures.
Silos Need Occasional Attention.
Kven the best constructed silo will
need some attention occasionally. Con
crete silos, which are among the most
expensle of construction, require the
least attention as a general rule, but
they will give better service If the In
side Is given a coat of special palni
about once in three years. Paint for
treating the Interiors of silos Is easily
mnile of raw coal tar mixed with gaso
line and applied with a tar brush. The
roof should be Inspected to see If it Is
water-tight, and the doors may well be
looked over. They need to lit tight.
Wooden slhw. either stave or board
construction, require additional atten
tion. The hoops of stave silos should
tie tightened and any defective pieces
of wood replaced. In wood silos, par
flcularly the cheaper ones and those
of home make, there Is always the like
lihood of Inlets for air, which will spoil
the silage.
Careful attention should be paid to
seeing that the machinery to be used
In huncstlug and muring the silage is
In working condition. Corn harvesters
ami silo-filling machinery are frequent
ly owned In partnership by several
farmers, and of course arrangements
need to be made In advance to seu that
t.ll the owners get their corn In at the
season when it Is in best shape. In
using the corn harvester the bundles
should be made rather small. While
this takes more tfcne, the extra expense
Is more than olTset by the ease In han
dling the bundles and feeding them
Into the silage cutter.
The corn ordinarily Is hauled to the
cutter on common, Hat hay racks. The
low-wheeled wagon is much prefer
able to the high one. An uudcrsluug
rack can be constructed with compara
tive ease and will save much labor.
If the silage cutter and lilting ma
chinery have not been selected, every
effort should be made to get machinery
which has sulllclent or excess capacity.
A Low-Down Flat Wagon Saves Labor
in Handling Corn When Filling Silo.
The mistake Is often mnde of getting
an outllt that is too small, thus mak
ing the operation of filling the silo very
Mow and Interfering with tho continu
ous employment of the entire force of
men. A number of satisfactory silage
cutters nre on the market. The chief
features to be considered In a cutter
are that It Is strongly made and will
cut flue.
Harvest Corn Before Fully Ripe.
Ordinarily corn should be harvested
for the silo about a week or ten days
before It would be cut for shocking j
that Is, when about 00 per cent of the
kernels are dented and at least 75 per
cent of tho kernels nre hnrdencd so
that no milk can be squeezed out. At
this time the lower leaves on tire stalk
are turning yellow and the green corn
fodder contains 0." or 70 per cent of
moisture, which Is sulllclent for silage.
Silage made from corn containing viols
turo enough for proper preservation Is
more palatable than that made from
corn so mature as to require the addi
tion of water.
CARING FOR ASPARAGUS BED
Good Plan to Clean It Off and Apply
a Coating of Manure to Pre
vent Freezing.
If the OBparagus bed has been
clenned off It will be in better shapo
In the spring If a good coating of ma
nure Is put on. This will keep tho
bed from freezing nnd thawing and
will work In the fertilizer and get tho
noil In better shape Tor the plants In
tprlug.
POTATO PRODUCTION
IN SOUTHERN STATES
Crop Commands Better Price
Than in the North.
Owing to Wide Divergence of Season
al Conditions, Coupled With Long
Growing Season, Tubers Can
Be Planted Any Time.
(Prepared by ttin t'nlteil States Depart
in 'tit of AKrlctilttitf l
I'ne Importance of the potato crop
In the South Is due to Its market
nlne rather than Its magnitude, for
owing to the season in which It l
hanestod It commands a better price,
usually, than the late crop In the
North. The wide divergence of sea
sonal conditions In the South, coupled
with a long-growing season, makes It
possible to plant and harvest potatoes
In some locality In ptnctlcally every
month In the jenr.
Owing to nrln;i climatic condi
tions due to both latitude and alti
tude, there are three distinct potato
crop seasons In the Southern states.
Thce are the early or truck crop, tho
late or main crop, and the fall crop,
($ fflPftea.
- jM TWnVfcST -!
Ssfe--,
m M
0ifc
ff
Grading Potatoes In Southern Field.
which last may be divided Into a sec
ond crop and a fall crop proper. Tho
early or truck crop Is confined largely
to well-defined production centers. He
cause practically all the early crop
Is marketed directly from tho field
when It Is in more or less Immature
condition, the question of packages
and of shipping facilities Is important.
This subject, and others of Interest
and vnlue to southern potato growers,
are discussed In Fanners' Kill let In
IHO:?, entitled Potato Production in
the South, Just Issued by the United
States Department of Agriculture.
This bulletin mny be obtained freo
upon application to the Division of
Publications.
DURABILITY OF FENCE POSTS
Not Much Difference Between Split
and Round If'Heartwood and
Sapwood Equal.
Some people believe split fence posts
Inst longer than do round ones. Prob
ably as large a number hold the oppo
site vjew. The forest products labora
tory of the United States Department
of Agriculture says that one will last
about as long as the other If the per
centage of heartwood and sapwood Is
the same In both. If the percentage of
sapwood Is Increased by splitting, the
split post will be less durable, while
If the percentage of heartwood Is In
creased it will be more durable than
the round one. Exceptions to this
should be made If the posts are of
spruce, hemlock or any of the true firs,
whose heartwood and sapwood are
about equally durable.
If the posts are to be treated with
creosote or some other preservative,
the round post Is preferable to the
split, because of the comparative easo
with which the sapwood can ho treated.
Experiments nt the laboratory demon
strate that tho heartwood faces on
split posts do not, as a rule, absorb
the preservative as well as does tho
Rapwood.
COOPERATIVE EGG MARKETING
Encouraged by Extension Workers and
Is Saving Money for Farmers of
Nebraska.
Co-opcrntlve marketing of eggs,
which Is being encouraged by exten
sion workers of the University of Min
nesota and county agricultural agentu,
Is saving money for farmers of Ne
braska. According to the extension
news service of the Nebraska college
of agriculture, six cents a dozen, or
n total of $S85, was the gain made by
farmers of Hamilton county by mar
ketlng their eggs co-operatively dur
ing April and May. Tho county agent
nnd the farm bureau helped to collect
the eggs at n central point and there
grading, packing and shipping them,
CRICKETS CUT GRAIN TWINEi
Insect Is Reported In Great Numbers
and Doing Much Damage by
Loosening Sheaves.
A warning against the crickets
which chew the twine on grain sheaves
and thus cause loss of the grain Is it
sued by Stewart Lock wood, extension
entomologist nt tho Agricultural col
lege of North Dakota, who says the.
Insect Is being reported In great num
bers throughout his section.
Use now sisal twine, If possible,
says Mr. Lockwood. Otherwise, soitk
the twine In n solution of ono part
turpentine 'and one part plno tar, two
or threo days before using.
hjmi FOR GOOD rt-KU-NA YEARS AGO
SCSI Keeps the Medicine with Her for Safety
KH& ffM mwmmhbmhi
h bwt . .ati
MRS. CARL UNOM
R.r.B.N.f.lH4l,
Omtl, Mlnnttots
A man who can't slug, and will sing,
ought to be muzzled.
A Feeling of Security
You naturally feel tccurc when you
know that the medicine you arc about to
take is absolutely pine and contains no
harmful or habit producing drags.
Such a medicine is Dr. Kilmer's Swamp
Boot, kidney, liver nnil bladder remedy.
The Mine Ptnndnrd of purity, strength
nnd excellence is maintained in every
bottle of Swamp-Hoot.
It is scientifically compounded from
vegetable herbs.
It is not n stimulant nnd is token in
tcappooufiil docn.
It is not recommended for everything.
It is nature'8 great helper in relieving
nnd overcoming kidney, liver and blad
der troubles.
A sworn statement of purity is with
every bottle of Dr. Kilmer's Swamp
Hoot. If you need n medicine, you nhould
have the best. On sale nt all drug stores
in bottles of two sizes, medium nnd large.
However, if you wish first to try this
great preparation fend ten ccnt9 to Dr.
Kilmer & Co., llinglmmton, N. Y for a
sample bottle. When writing be sure nnd
mention this paper. Advertisement.
Dolls for Greenland Kiddies.
Do.cus of American dolls are being
taken by dipt. Donald It. Mac.Mltlan
on his present trip to the Arctic to be
distributed to the kiddles of Green
land. Important to Mothers
Examine carefully every bottle of
CASTOBIA, that famous old remedy
for Infants and children, and see that It
Bears the
Signature of
In Use for Over UO Yearu.
Children Cry for Fletcher's Castoria
GREATNESS NOT ON SURFACE
Reporter Had Perceived Nothing to
Indicate That His Companion
Was a Man of Note.
Every one Is entitled to ono chuckle
In days like these, Just as every dog
Is entitled to one bite. Hence this
story of Sinclair Lewis, which Is being
repented with vicious enjoyment by a
lot of the lowbrows.
It appears that Lewis was a guest
at a dinner not long ago at which a
number of newspaper men nnd other
low forms of life were present. The
guests were Introduced to their hosts
In tills fashion :
"(ientlemen tills Is Mr. Smith, Mr.
Jones and Mr. Lewis."
Mr. Lewis sat next to a reporter.
The reporter .talked of politics, the
next war, heat, Hiibe Itiitb, the big
light and other bourgeois things and
said no word of literature.
Mr. Lewis became tlrst uneasy and
then unhappy. When he could stand
it no longer he turned to bis neighbor
with a gay laugh.
"Ha, hai" said he.' "You did not
when we; were introduced think thnt
I was the fellow Sinclair Lewis, who
wrote 'Main Street,' did you'"
"So," said tho reporter, Uoston
Globe.
Medium Was Right
"Dlvvle a bit do ! believe the mes
sages these mediums are after get
tin' from the dead," declared Dugan.
"Ye can't be tellln' whether they're
true or not." "Alore fool ye. Ye can,
and I can prove It," contradicted Mon
alian. "Hy mistake I was reported
killed entirely In tho' war, and one
dny me sister went to a medium who
told her I was wishln' I was back on
earth. And at that very time I was
on a transport In a high sea, d'ye
mind?"
The Cutlcura Toilet Trio.
Having cleared your skin keep It clenr
by making Cutlcura your overy-duy
toilet preparations. The soap to cleanse
nnd purify, the Ointment to soothe nnd
heal, the Talcum to powder nnd per
fume. No toilet table Is completo
without them. 2f5c everywhere. Ad
vertisement. Impossible.
Flubb Do you understand your
wife?
Dubb Not since I married her!
A man never tries to bcllttlo other
men unless he feels thnt they are
superior to himself.
What to Take for
Disordered Stomach
CARTER'S
"TTLE
PULLS
l tuinkfiii r mi aim mn vn
Mrs. Cnrl I.lndcr, It. K. I). No. 2, Box 44,
Dnssol, Minnesota, writes: "I want to thnnlt
you for your kindness and tho good your
remedy did mo years ago. I nm perfectly
well and visiting in 8KiUnno,'Vnsh. Wcro it
not forl'o-ru-nu I would not Imvo boon able
tomnkolhis trip. Inlwnys takoyour medi
cine with mo for flafoty should 1 tnko cold.
Prniso to Po-ru-nn."
Ab nn emergency remedy for everyday Ills,
Po-ru-nn has boon in uso llfty years.
TABLETS OR LIQUID SOLD EVERYWHERE
Koine people are not satlslled with
tho milk of human kindness they
want the cream.
ASPIRIN
Name "Bayer" on Genuine
Ilcwnrot Unless you nee the nam
"Unyor" on package or on tablets you
nre not getting genuine Aspirin pre
scribed by physicians for 'twenty-one
yenra and proved safe by millions.
Take Aspirin only ns told In the Buyer
package for Colds, Headache, Neural
gia, Rheumatism, Earache, Toothache,
Lumbago, nnd for Pain. Handy tin
boxes of twelve Hayer Tnblets of Ab
pirlu cost fow cents. Druggists also
sell larger packages. Aspirin Is the
trade mark of Hayer Manufacture of
Monoacetlcacldcstcr of Sallcyllcacld,
Advertisement.
A Question of Identity.
The New Minister "Do you know
who I am, my little man?" Little
Itllllo "Certainly. Don't yo'u know
who you are?"
Ited Cros's Hall Blue should bo used
In every home. It mukes clothes whlto
ns snow nnd never Injures the fnbrlc
All good grocers, Cc. Advertisement.
lity slops over when we meet an.
easy-going man who Is married to an
Intellectual woman.
Why meddle with others who don't
meddle with us?
Do you know
you can roll
SO&Qod
cigarettes tor
lOcts from
one bag of
GENUINE
"BULL'DURHAM
TOBACCO
We want you to havo the
best papor lor "BULL."
So now you can receive
with each pnekagoabook
ol 24 leaves ol HlUfe
the very finest cigarette
paper In the world.
MAN'S
BEST AGE
A man is as old as his organs; ho
can be as vigorous and healthy at
70 as at 35 if he aids his organs in
performing their functions. Keep
your vital organs healthy with
GOLDMEDAL
t
Brramro
Tho world's standard remedy for kidney,
llvei, bladder and uric add troubles since
1696; corrects disorders; stimulates vital
organs. All druggists, throe sizes.
Loot? for tho ntraa CoM Medal on every ho
nil accept no imitation
s$m$i
Ott
Take a good dose of Carter's Little Liver Pills
then take 2 or 3 for a few nights after.
You will relish your meals without fear of trouble to
follow. Millions of all ages take them for Biliousness,
Dizziness, Sick Headache, Upset Stomach and for Sallow,
Pimply, Blotchy Skin. They end the mhery of Constipation.
w-" S&s&&&6 Snail FilWSauQDoiSaull Pries