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RED CLOUD, NEBRASKA, CHIEF
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9.
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DEMOCRATIC
NATIONAL
PLATFORM
Sim r'ninclsco, .Inly 2. The resolu
tions cnmmlttie (hiifl of the jlulform
was adopted I iy tlit Democratic nation
al Miimntliiti II In mi change. The
document N ns follows :
'Iho Democratic I'.niJ, In Its iiiitlon.'il
convention now u.-fotiuiled, voiidi isivet
Ingb ( the I .'Shield or (liu United bnilcs,
oodron Wilson, mid hulls ulib p.iliiotti
pilot- t tit Kic.t i ttclilov tjiiiuiilb fur country
uiul tin' vsurii wi ought liy a Uuinoe lutlc
uiltiilnihtr.lilun under Ins leadership.
It salutes the tu Khty peoplo tit this
4'rcut republic, emeiging w till impe'rtsli
ullo honor (luin the sevete tests mid
Krlevons HtrnliiH of the most tragic war
in hlstoi, 1. living earned the pl.iuults
ami gratitude of ml luu nations
It declines Its adherence to tho funda
mental piogicslvo principles of social,
economic uiul indiisliliil justice and ml
vnuco, and piuposcs to icsiimo the Kic.it
worn ot translating those pthiclplts Into
fTcctlie law 8, begun and can ltd lar by
the licmoiiutic administration and Inter
rupted cmlv when tliu war dunned all thu
national cnciglcs tor thu sttiglu tusk ot
victory.
League of Nations.
Tho Democratic party favors the
League of Nations as thu surest, If not
the only, practicable means of maintain
ing thu permanent porno of thu worn!
and teinmmting thu ImulToriiblo burden
of grtnt inliltaty and naval establish
meats It ,ii for this that aihului
broke- away fiom timlitlonai ii tttiuii aiui
spent Iil'I' blood aim iK.uuto to crash a
C0l0SS.ll HCllL'IIIU Ol LOllCIIUSt.
It was upon this basis that thu presi
dent of thu United Malts, In pieai r.msc
inent with our allies, consented to a mis
pension of hostilities ugulnit thu Imperial
Citimnii government, thu utmlsttte was
grunted and a treat of peuco negotiated
upon thu clcllnlte assurance to Clerinnny, us
well as to thu povvols pitted ugalnst uer
many, that ;a general association of na
tions must bo formed, under spec I lie cov
enants, tor thu purpose of urtordlng mu
tual guaranties of political Independence
and territorial Inteilty to yreut and
tun ill states allle.';
Hence wo not only congratulate tho
president on thu vision manifested and
thu vigor exhibited In thu prosecution of
thu war, but we felicitate htm and his
associates on thu exceptional achieve
ments at l'arls Involved In tliu adoption
of a Ic.iguo and tieuty bo ntur akin lo
prevlousi) expressed Ainetlcnn ideals and
so Intimately i elated to tho ampliations
of civilized peoples everywhere,
Wo commend the president lor his cour
age and his hlKh conception or Kood faith
In steadfastly standing tor the covenant
agreed to by all thu associated and allied
nations at war with Germany, and we
condemn the licpubllcau seiiato lor Its
refusal to ratify the treaty mutely be
cause It was the product of Doinuorulle
statesmanship, thus .Interposing partisan
envy and peisonal hatred In tno wuy or
the peace and tenewed prosperity ot the
world.
Uy every accepted standard of Inter
ria3iuil morality the piesident Is Justi
fied In assorting that tho honor ot the
country Is Involved In this business; and
ve point lo the accusing tact that, befoiu
It was determined to Initiate political an
tagonism to tho tieaty tliu now Hepub
limn clialiiiian of the senate foreign re
lations committee himself publicly pro
claimed thai any proposition for a sepa
rate peace with Germany, such as ho
and his party associates thereafter re
ported to tho senate, would tnulcu us
''guilty or tho blackest crlmo."
On May 16 lust the Knox substltuto for
tho Versailles treaty was passed by the
Republican senate; and this convention
can contrive no more fitting characteriza
tion of Its obloquy than that made In the
l'orum .Magazine of December, mis, by
Henry Cabot .Lodge when lie said:
"If wo send our armies and young men
abroad to be killed and wounded in north
ern I'ruucu and Klanders with no result
but this, our entrance into wur with such
an Intention was u crime which nothing
can Justify."
The intent of congress and tho Intent
of tho president was that thero could be
no peace until wc could create a situation
whole no such war as this could recur.
Vo Tannot make pcuio except In com
pany with our allies. It would brand us
villi everlasting dishonor and bring ruin
to us also if we undo! took to muku a sep
arate peace."
Lodge's Proposals Condemned.
Thus to unit which Mr. 1-od.jo, In saner
moments consldetcd "the blackest crlmo"
lie and Ids patty in madness sought to
glu the sutictltv or law, that which eigh
teen months ago was of "uverlaatlng uis
honor" the Hepubllcan pirty uiul Its can
didates today accept as tho essence of
faith.
Wo Indorse tho president's view of our
Intel national obligations und his dim
stand against reservations designed to
cut to pieces the vital provisions in con
Kress for voting against rusolutlons for
separate peace which would disgrace the
nation. We advocate the hntnediato rat
iliuulon of the treaty without reserva
tions which would Impair Its essential In
tegrity, but do not oppose the acceptance
of uny reservations making clearer or
more specific thu obligations of the United
fatates lo tho league of Nations. Only
by doing this may wo retrieve tho repu
tation of tills nation among tho powers
of the earth nnd recover the morul lead
ership which President Wilson won and
which Republican politicians nt Washing
ton sacrillced. Only by doing this may
we hopo to aid effectively In tho resto
ration or ordor throughout tho world and
to tako tho placo which wo should as
sume In tho front rank or spiritual, com
mercial and Industrial advancement.
We reject as utterly vain, ir not vicious,
tho Itepubllcan assumption that ratifica
tion or the treaty und membership In tho
league of Nations would In nny wlso
impair tho Integrity or independence or
our country. Tho fact that tho cove
nant has been entered Into by 9 nations
nil ns Jonlous or their Independence ns
vvo are or ours, is a sulllclent refutation
of such chiirgo. The president repeatedly
lias declared, and this convention reaf
firms, that nil our duties and obligations
ns n member of tho league must bo ful
HIIpiI In strict confoimlty with tho Con
Btltutlpn or tho United States, embodied
in which Is tho fundamental requirement
or declaratory action by the congress bo
foro this nation may becomo a partici
pant In nny war.
Conduct of the War.
During tho war President Wilson exhib
ited tho very broadest conception of lib.
eral Americanism. In IiIh conduct or the
wnr, ns In tho general administration or
nls high ofllce, thero was no semblance
or partisan bias. Ho Invited to Washing
ton as his councilors nnd coadjutors hun-
r.?." 1fnth0 imoflt P.ronnont and pro
nouncod Republicans In tho country To
thoso lie committed responsibilities of tho
gravest Import and most confidential nn
turp. Many of them had charge or vital
activities or tho government.
And yet. with the wnr sucrcssrullv pros
ecuted and gloriously ended, tho Repub
lican party In congress, far from nn
plaudlng t)io niastorly leadership of the
presldont and Mlcltntlng the country on
tho umnzlng nchlovnmonts or the Amcri
tan government, hns meanly requited tho
considerate course of tho chW magistrate
by savagely defaming tho comman Jef n
chler or tho nrmy and navy, by assailing
nearly every public oillcor of every
branch or tho Bervlco intlmntoly con
c erned In winning tho war nbroad and
conserving tho security of tho govern,
went nt homo. fcovern-
Wo express to the soldlera and the
sailors of America tho admiration of
tlulr .fellow countrymen, aiildod bv
tho genius of such commanders Uh
Qen. John J. Pershing tho nrmedrorco
of America constituted q declslvu fan-
uVr" to"0,.,0 anU broUBllt
Wo commond the patriotic men und
women who sustained tho efforts or
their government In tho crucial hours
of the war nnd contributed to the
brilliant administrative success
achieved tindr r the lironl-lsloned lead
ership of the prii dent
Financial Achievements.
II y tho enactment of the fid. nil re
seivc act the old sstom, whlrh hn d
panics, was replncid by a new Hvstim
Willi h Insured eonlUUnce, It wis tin
ludlspen nible factor In wltin'n the
war and lenity It Is the hope nnd
Inspiration of business Indetd one
vlt.il d'ttiKcr ngalnxl whlrh the Atnctl
cati peojde should keep const tnllv on
KU'ird Is the I'ommltlnent of thN svs
tun Its pattlsin incmlcs who struggled
ng.iinst Hh adoption and valnlv nt
titnpted to ritaln In the h mils of
speculative Imnkirs n monopoly of the
curnnev nnd credits of the mtlon
t'nder Uemocratlc leadership the
Ameilean people succcsftilly llninted
their stntielldoiis part In thu greitist
wnr of all time. The treasury wisely
Inslstnl iluilnv the war upon niettlitv
'Mi adMtuate portion or the war ex
penditure ftoin eiirrent tuxes and the
luiMc of the balance from popular
loans, und during the first full llscil
year after lighting stopped, upon meet
Inir earn nt expenditures from current
receipts notwithstanding the new nnd
tiniii eessnry Imrdtus thrown upon the
treasury by the deln. obstruction nnd
extravagance of u Hepubllcan con
gress. The nonpartisan federal reserve nil
thorltlex have bcn wholly free of po
lltleil Interft'ii ncn or motive; and In
their own time und their own way,
hive usid courageously, though ciu
tlously, the Instruments at tlulr dis
posal to prevent undue expansion of
credit In tho country.
As a result of these sound treasury
and federal reserve policies the Inevi
table war Inflitlnii linn been held down
to u minimum, mid the cost of living
has been prevent, d rrom In.-n nsln.;
here In proportion to the (net ease in
other belligerent countries and In neu
tral countiles which are in close con
tact with thu wot Id's commeieu and
oxehangis.
After a ye-ir anil a hair or lighting
In nurope and despite unotli. r ve.ir
and a half or IScpubllotn obstruction
til liuine. the credit or Hie government
of the United States stands uniiii
pilred. the federal reserve note Is the
unit of value throughout the world
nnd tho t'tilted States Ih the one great
country. In thu world which maintains
n free gold intrltel.
Wo condemn the attempt of the Re
publican inity to deprive the Ameri
can people of their legitimate pride In
the iliiaticlng of the war -sin achieve
ment without parallel In the financial
history of this or anv other country,
in ill's oi any other war And In par
ticular, we condemn the pernicious at
tempt of the Itcpubllcan pnrtv to cre
ate discontent mnniiK the holders of
the bonds or the govetnmtut or the
t'nlted States and to drug our public
liunncu nnd our banking und currency
s.vstem back Into the urena or party
politics.
Tax Revision.
Tho Itcpubllcan congress persistently
.railed, through sheer political cowurd-'le-.
to make n single niovu townrd n
readjustment ot tax laws which It
denounced before the lust election and
wii8 afraid to revise before the next
election
We advocate tax reform nnd n
searching revision of the war revenue
uctH to tit peace conditions so that tho
wealth of thu nation may not be with
drawn froirr productive unterprl.ee und
llvcrtnl to wasteful or nonproductive
enterprise.
W de mnnd prompt nctlon by the?
next congress for n complete survey
or existing tnxes and their modifica
tions nnd simplification with a view to
secure greater equity and Justice In
tnx burden and Improvement In ad
ministration. Public Economy.
Claiming; to have effected great econ
omics In government expenditures, the
Hepubllcan party cannot show the re
duction of one dollar In taxation as a
corollary of this false pretense. In
contrast, the last Democratic congress
enacted legislation reducing taxes from
18. 000,000.000, designed to be raised, to
Jii.000.000.000 for the first year after
the armistice, and to $4,000,000,000
thereafter; nnd there the total Is left
undiminished by our political adver
saries. Two years utter armistice elay
a Hepubllcan congress provides ror ex
pending the stupendous sum ot $5,403,
390.327.30. Affecting great paper economies bv
reduefng ilepartmentul estimates of
sums which would not have been spent
In nny event, and by reducing formal
appropriations, the Republican state
ment or expenditures omits tho prog
nnnt fuct that congress authorized tho
use of $l,r00,000.000 In the hands ot
various departments and bureaus
which otherwise would have been cov
ered Into the teonsury. and which
should be added to the Republican to
tal ot expenditures.
High Cost of Living.
The high cost or living and tho de
preciation ot bond values In this coun
try nre primarily due to war Itself, to
tho necessary governmental expendi
tures tor tho destructive purposes ot
war. to private extravagance, to tho
world shortage of capital, to the In
flation of foreign currencies and cred
its and, in large degree, to conscience
less profiteering.
Thu Republican party is responsible
for the failure to restore peace nnd
peace conditions In Ktiropc, whlcji Is
a principal ciuso of post-nrmlstlce
Inflation tho world over. It hns ele
nled tho demand of he president for
ncccssnry legislation to deal with sec
ondary and local causes. Tho sound
policies pursued by tho treasury nnd
tho federal reserve system have lim
ited In this country, though thoy could
not prevent, tho Inflation which was
world-wide. Klected upon specific
promises to curtail public expendi
tures and to bring tho country back
to n status of effective .economy, tho
Republican party In congress wnsted
time and energy for more than a year
In vain and extravagant Investiga
tions, costing tho taxpayers great
sums of money while revealing noth
ing boyond the incapacity or Republi
can politicians to copo with tho prob
lems. Demanding that tho president, from
his placo at tho peace table, call tho
congress Into extraordinary session
for Imperative purposes of readjust
ment, tho congrihs when convened
spent thirteen months In partisan pur
suits, falling to repeal a single wnr
stntuto which harassed business or to
Initiate a single constructive measure
to help business.
It busied Itself making n pre-election
record ot nretendi'd tlirift. having
not ono partlclo ot substantial exist
ence In fact. It raged ugalnst pi oil t
eers nnd tho high cost of living without
enacting u slnglo statute to make tho
former afraid or doing a single net to
bring the latter within limitations,
Tho simple truth Is that tho high cost
or living can o.ily bo remedied by In
creased production, strict governmental
economy nnd a relentless pursuit of thoso
taking udvuntngo of post-war conditions
and are demanding and receiving outra
geous profits.
Wo pledgo the Democratic party to n
policy of strict economy In governmental
expenditures nnd to dho enactment und
enforcement ot such legislation ns may
bo requlrod to bring profiteers berore thu
bar or criminal Justice
The Tariff.
We affirm tho traditional policy or tho
Democratic party In favor or a tariff for
rovonuo only and conllim tho policy of
basing tnrlff revisions upon tho Intelli
gent research of a nonpartisan commis
sion, rather thuti upon tho demands of
solflsh Interests, temporarily held in abey
nnce. '
Budget.
In the Interest of economy nnd good
administration vvo favor tho creation of
an eftectlvo bulget system that will func
tion In nccord with tho principles of the
constitution. Tho reform should reach
both thu executive and legislative aspects
of the question. Tho supervision nnd prep
aration of tho budget should bo vestud in
tho r.ecrctury us tho representative or tho
pre-jldont. Tho budget, us such, should
not bo Increased by tho congress, except
by a two-thirds vote, each houno, how
evor, being freo to exercise Its constitu
tional privilege of making appropriations
through Independent bills. Tho npproprl.
ntlon bills should bo considered by single
committees of tho hoimo and senate
Senate Rules.
Wo favor such alteration of the rules
or proceduro of tho senato of tho United
States as will permit tho prompt trans-
action of tho nntlon's loglslatlvo business
s Agricultural Interests.
Tor nearly half a century of Republican
rule nU n srnlene" wis written Into tlte
federal stttuliie a'toiiiln one dollar of
bank e'reehts to t .e I it . ng Interests of
America In tho flist teiin of this Demo
crat lo admiiils ration the national bank
ait was so nlteied ns u itulliettlzn loans
of live jeais in Uiintv on liiipiovcd farm
lands loiter was established a sstejm of
fat in loan banks, from wsdeli the borrow
ings already exceed Ihteo hundred mil
lions of tlollais, and under which the In
tel est rule to funnels has been so mate
rlallv re dined as to ilrlvo out of business
Hie farm loan sharks who formerly sub
sisted bv e'xtortlon upon the great agri
cultural Inlet csts of the country.
Thus It wis u Democratic congress In
the administration of a Democratic picsl
dent which enabled the farmers of Amer
ica for the 111 t time to ohtiln credit upon
tt'.tseiiiabli) let ins and Insured their oppoi
tutiltv for the future elevelopineiit or the
nation's agt Iciilturul reoiiiees.
Smith Lever Act Pr.ilserl.
Not oiii) did the D"inot LiUe party put
Into effect a gn it farm-loan svstem of
land mmtgnge banks, but It p isi-ed tho
Pmlth-I.ever agricultural extension net,
cairvlng to eveij furmer In eveiy section
of thu countiy, tliiuugh tho medium of
trained experts und by iletnonstratlon
fin ms. tho piactlt'iil knowledge acquired
bv tho tudcial agricultural ilepirlment In
ill thing') t elating to agriculture, hortl
ctlltutu and nulmnl lire. It established the
biiieau of nmrlU't.e. the diureau of farm
miuugeiiii.nt and passed the cotton fu
lines nit, the giuln glades bill, the in
operative farm iiilmlnlsiiatlon net. anil
the fedeiul vviiieliouse net.
The Demon atlc party has vastly Im
proved the i oral mall system and lia-
htlllt lip Iho piriol post svstem lo such
an extent as to reliefer Its activities and
Its prnetleal service indispensable to the
firming cewnmiinllv It w is this wise on-
eoiirnitetucnt und this effectlvo concern of j
the lh'imK l.itlo puny feir Hie farmers or
tho I lilted Mutes that enabled this gieat
Interest to lender such essential servlie
In feeding thu armies of Ainetlcu and the
allied nations of the win and succoring
stuiv lug populations since urinlstlco day
G. O. P. Condemned.
Meanwhile the Hepubllcan leaders nt
Washington have failed utterly to propose
one MiMli' mt'usuic to make iiiral life
mote tolerable Thoy have signalized
tnclr .fifteen mouths of congressional
povvet by urging schemes which would
strip the ratms or Inl-ot; by assailing the
plliniplos eir tho farm-loan svstem and
suckliw to impair lls.i illclency; covorllv
attempting to destroy tho gieat nltiocn
Plant nt Mussel Khoihi ui on which the
government has oxpemled tTD'nOdno to sup
ply American raimeis with feitlll7ers at
reasonable e eist b rulhlessly crippling
nearly eveiy branoh of agrle ultural en
deavor. Ilteiallv cilppllng the productive
mediums thriiiieli which llw. n.tiinlM imiHt
bo feel I
We favor such legislation ns will eon
firm to thu primary producers of tho na
tion the right or I'olleetlvo bargaining nnd
thu right or co-operative handling uiul
mar'selhig or the products or tho work
shop ntnl tho farm und such legislation ns
will facilitate the exportation of our farm
piodiicts..
We favor comprehensive studies of farm
produitlon costs nnd the unecneored pub
lication or facts found In such studies.
Labor nnd Industry.
The Democratic party Is now. ns
ever, the llrm friend of honest lnbor
and the promoter of preigiesslve In
dustry. It established the elepartment
of labor t Washington and a Demo
cratic president calleil to his official
council board the first prnctlcnl worU
Ingmnn who ever hotel n cabinet port
folio. I'nder this ndmlnlstr itlon havo
been established employment burenus
to bring the mini ond the Job together:
havo been peaceably determined mnnv
bitter disputes between ctpltal and
labor: were passed the child lnbor
net, the worklngnian's compensation
net (the extension or which wo ndvo
cate so ns to Include labore-rs engaged
In loading and unloading ships nnd in
interstate commerce), the eight-hour
law, the net for vocational training nnd
a code of other wholesome laws nffect
In? the liberties and bettering the con
ditions of the laboring classes.
In the elepartment of labor the Dem
ocratic administration established a
woman's bureau, which a Republican
congress destroyed by withholding ap
propriations. Labor Is not a commodity; It Is hu
man. Those who labor have rights
and the national security and safety
depend upon n Ju&t recognition ot
those rights nnd the conservation of
the strength of the workers nnd their
families in the Interest of sound
hearted nnd sound-headed men. wom
en nnd children. Ijivvs regulntlng
hours of labor and conditions under
which lnbor Is performed, when passed
in recognition of tho conditions under
which llfo must be lived to attain the
highest development nnd happiness, nre
lust nbsertlons of the national interest
In tho woltare or tho people.
At the same time the nation de
pends upon tho products or labor: n
cessation or production means loss nnd,
ir long continued, disaster. Tho wholo
people, therefore, hnvo a right to In
sist that Justice shnll bo done to those
who work, and In turn that thoso
whoso lnbor crentes tho necessities
upon which the lite of the nntlon de
pends must recognize the reciprocal
obligation between tSe worVir and the
state.
They should participate In the form
ulation of sound laws nnd regulations
governing tho conditions under which
labo Is performed, recognize and obey
tho laws so formulnted ond seek their
nmendment vvhon necessary bv tho
jtrocesses ordinarily addressed to the
laws and regulations affecting the
other relations of lire.
Iibor, ns well ns capital, is entitled
to adequate compensation. Knch has
tho Inelereaslblo right of organization,
or collective bargaining nnd or speak
ing through representatives ot their
own selection.
Neither class, however, should nt
any time nor In nny circumstances
tnke nctlon thnt will put In Jenpirdy
tho public welfare. Resort to strikes
nnd lockouts which endanger tho
health or lives of the people Is nn
unsatisfactory devlco for determining
dlhputes, nnd tho Democratic party
pledjtos Itself to ontrlve. If possible,
and put Into effectlvo operation n fnlr
and comprehensive method or compos
ing differences of this nature.
In private Industrial disputes wo are
opposed to compulsory arbitration as
a method plausible In tho theory but
a falluro In fact. With respect to gov
ernment mtvIco, wo hold distinctly
that the rights of the peoplo nro para
mount to the rght to strike How
ever, we profess scrupulous regnrd for
the conditions of public employment
nnd pledgo the Democratic paitv to
Instant Inquiry Into tho pnv of gov
ernment employees nnd equally speedy
regulations designed to bring salaries
to a Just and proper level.
Woman's Suffrage,
Wo Indorse tho proposed nineteenth
amendment of the Constitution or tho
Uniico niaies Krunuiig equal sulrruge
to women Wo congratulate the legis
latures or thlrty-llvo states whlqh hai
alrendy lutlfleel salel amendment, nv
wo urge tho Democratic governors anil
legislatures of Tennessee. North Caro
lina and riorlda. and such stnti's ns
havo not yet ratified the federal suf
frage nniendmnnt. te unlto In an effort
to complete tho process of ratification
und sccuro tho thlrtv-slxth nium in
time for ull the women ot the I'nltetVt
rtiuu'o j.. l, ijf.iiw in mi, inn elec
tion Wo commend tho effective nil
vneaov of the measure by Piesident
Wilson.
Women In Industry.
We urge co-operation with tho states
for thu protection or child Iiro through
ltirnnoy and maternity enre; In tho pro
hibition or child labor and bv nelequato
appropriations for tho children's bu
reau and the womnn's bureau In the
department! of lnbeir.
Disabled Soldiers.
Tho federal government should treat
with tho utmost consideration every
disabled soldier, sailor and morlnn of
the world war, whether his disability
bo duo to wounds received In lino eff
nctlon or to health Impaired In serv
Icu; and for the dependents of tho
bravo men who ellcd in lino of dutv
tho government's tonderest concern
nnd richest bounty should bo their re
quital. Tho lino patriotism exhlblteel.
tho heroic conduct displayed by
American soldiers, snllora nnd ma
rines nt homo nnd abroad constitute a
sacred herltngo or posterity, tho
worth of which can never bo recom
pensed from the treasury nnd the glory
of which must not be diminished by
anv such .expedients.
The federal board for vocational
'uentlon should bo mndo a part of the
ir-'-lsk t n hu ranee bun ill, In oreler
it the task may be trcatiel ns n
le and this maihluety ot protec-
oi nnd assistance must receive e'verv
I ot law and appropriation neces
iv to roll and etlictlve operation
We believe) that no higher or more
v lued privilege inn be ulTorded to nn
merle an citizen than to becomo u
in i holder In the soil of the United
files, and to that e ml wo pledge otti'
pirty to the enactment nf soldier sul-
1 mints und home aid legislation
v iileh will afford to the men who
f ught for America the eippottunlty to
''Minie in tit und home ow tiers under
millions nfforellng genuine govern-
i ' nt ursistiimo unincumbered bv
i edless dllheiiltlis of l e el tape or nil-
nice llnancial Investment
The Railroads.
The tallioads vveie xiibjccteel to feel
ri com i ol us a war measure without
iMer lele-a than tin swift transput I ei"
t ip munitions anil supplies When
i i itui it hie and liitlotial hopes were lit
" eke, iiroilis could not bo consider el
nid wire nut reiloml operation, hovv
v r, was marked bv nil Intelligence
I i llli Iciicv tint inlnlmlreil loss und
t'-nilieil In iiiiiuv nnd marked refeirtns
'it equipment taken over was neit
my grossly lu.nli quale, but shami"
fn lv outworn I'nlilcatloii practices
I'lireuiiiii thi'se Initial h iiiitlcaps und
1 io lib d udilltleitis betterments und
improve tnetits. Keolioiules enabled 01"
ntlon without the rate raises Hint
I mate contleil woulel havu foil nil
m cHsuty. und labor was treated
Hi an exact Justice that secured the
ntiiiisl isilc co-operation lli.it victory
I'liiiieleel The fundamental purpose
f federal control was achieved fullv
"id splendidly nnd ut far less cost
i i the tnxpnjcr- than would have
n the I'umt under ptlvate opi ration
Investments In iullio.nl pinpcriics vveie
nn eiiily saved ! government operation,
'nt goictriiucnl iiianngcnieiil leturned
ti.se piopertles vastly impiovcel In ov
n physical ami executive detail A gre-ut
tisk was gienlly illsehaiged
Iho presielcni's iieeimnn mlatloii of ra
ti ui to ptlvate ovvuuishlp gave the He
pibileaii majority a lull year In which
to i unci the neecsnary legislation. The
I "USD took six thollths to feiimillate lis
i fun nnd another six mouths was con-
mied bv the ltepulilicuii senate In equal
i vague' elebute As a consequence-, tliu
I 4ili-i'ummltis hill weal to the president
in tho closing Ivmrs of congress, and ho
was fun eel to a choice between the chaos
of a velei uiul acqiilesceiu u III the meas
ure submitted, however grave may hiivn
been Ids objections to It.
I hero should be a talr and completo
ti it of tho law until careful and mature
ui Hon by c'oiigrrns may cine Its delects
anil Insuro n tlioiouglily effective trans
I" nation system undei private ownei
shlp without government subsidy ut tho
expense of the taxpayers of the country.
Improved Highways.
Improved retails are of vital Importance
tint only to commerce! nnd Industry but
also to nvilctiltiir.il llfo The federal road
ait of nut!, enacted by a Drmoci.itlc con
giess, icpresenteil the llrst systematic ef
fort or thu government to Insure the
building or an adequate system or roads
In this country. The net. us amended, litis
resiiltHii in placing the movement for lm
pioied highways In u progressive ami
substantial bnl In every state In the
I'lilon and In bringing under nctual con
struction moro than n.OeO tulles of roads
suited to tho tratlle needs of tho com
munities In which they are located.
We fivor a contlniinncc of the present
federal aid plan under existing federal
nnel state agencies, amended so us to In
clude us one of the elements In deter
Inlng tho ratio In which tho several stules
shall bo entitled to share. In the fund,
the urea of public lands therein.
Rural Free Delivery.
Inasmuch us tho posinl scrvlco hns been
extended by the Democratic pnrly to the
door of practically very piodiuer and
every consumer In tho country (rural free
delivery ulono having lieon provided for
Uiiofl.OOO additional patrons within tho pist
eight yen! s without material added cost),
we declare that this Instrumentality cyui
and will bo used to tho maximum of Its
capacity to Improve tho efficiency of dis
tribution and reduco the cost of living to
consumers and Increasing tho profitable
operations of producer
Merchant Marine.
We desire to congmtulato the Amerlcnn
peoplo upon tho rebirth of our merchant
marine, which once moro maintains Its
former place in the world. It was under
n Democratic administration thnt this
was accomplished otter soventv years or
Indifference nnd neglect, 13,000,000 tons
having been constrtictee since the net
was pissed In l'JIG. We pledge tho policy
or our party to tho continued growth of
our merchant marine under prnpor legis
lation so that American products will be
curried to nil ports ot the w'orlel by ves
sels built In American yards, Hying the
American tiig ,
Inland Waterways.
We call attention to the falluro of tho
Hepubllcan national convention to recog
nize In uny way th rapid development or
bnrge transportation on our Inland wa
terways which development Is tho result
or the constructive policies or tho Demo
cratlc administration, And we pledgo our
selves to tho further elevelnpinont of ade
quate transportation racllltles on our riv
ers nnd to the further improvement nf
our Inland wntervvuvs, nnd we recognize
tho Importance of connecting tho Great
iJikcs with the se'i by way of the Mis
Blsslppl river anil Its tributaries, ns well
as bv tho St. Lawrence river.
Transportation remains un Increasingly
vltnl problem In the continued develop
ment und prosperity ot the nurlon Our
present facilities for distribution by lull
are Inadequate and the promotion of
transportation by water Is Imperative.
Wo therefore fnvor n liberal and compre
hensive policy for tho development anil
utilization ot out harbors nnel Intorlor
waterways.
Flood Control.
Wc commend tho Democratic congress
for tho redemption of the pledge contained
In our last platfoim by iho passage or
tho llood coiitol act or March 1, UI". and
point to the successful control of the
Hoods or tho Mississippi river nnd the Sac
ramento rlvor. California, under tho pol
icy of that law, for Its complete Justifica
tion. Wo favor tho extension of this pol
icy to other llood control problems wher
ever the federal Interest Involved Justi
fies the expenditure required
Reclamation of Arid Lands.
By wlso legislation nnd progressive nd.
ministration, wo hnvo transformed the
government reclnmntlon projects, repre
senting an Investment of $10u,0o0,000. fiom
a condition of Impending falluro and Ions
of confidence in tho nbllity or the govern
ment to carry through such largo enter
prises to a condition or demonstrated suc
cess, vvheteby formerly arid nnd wholly
unproductive lands now sustain 40000 pros,
porous families and hnvo un annual crop
Traduction of over 170,000,000. not Including
tho crops grown on u million acres out
sldo tho piojects supplied with storugo
water from government works.
Wo favor umplo appropriations for the
continuation and extension of this great
work ot homo building nnd Intel mil Im
provement nlong tho sumo general lines,
to the ond that nil practical projects shall
ho built, and wutors now running to waste
shall bo mndo to provide homes and mid
to tho food supply, power resources 'and
taxable ptoperty. with the government ul
timately reimbursed for the entire out
lay. The Trade Commission.
The Democratic party heartily indorses
tho creation und work or tho ftdornl trade
commission In establishing n r.Mr Held ror'
competitive business, freo from restraints
or trnclo and monopoly, and recommends
amplification of the statutes governing Its
activities so ns to grant It authority to
provont tho unfair use or patents In re
straint or trade
Live Stock Markets.
For tho purpose of Insuring Just and
fair tmtmonttn tho greut Interstnto llvo
stock maikeit, nnd thus Instilling confl
donro in growers through which produc
tion will bo stimulated and the
prlco of ments to consumers bo ui.
matcly reduced, we fnvor tho onnct
went of legislation for tho supervision
of such markets by the national gov
ernment, Mexico.
The t'nlted filates Is the neighbor
and friend of tho nntlons nf tho three
Amrlcos. In u very special sense our
International relations In this hemi
sphere should bo characterized bv
Booel will und free from any possible
suspicion ns to our national purpose.
The administration, remoinherfnu- nl
ways that Mexico Is un Independent
nnllon, nnd thnt permanent stability
In her government ntnl bnr Institu
tions roiilel only come from tho con
sent ot her own people to n govern
ment or their own making, hate been
unwilling either to profit by the nils
fortunes of the peoplo of Mexico or
lo enfeeble their future by Imposing
from the outside nny ruto iipnn their
temporarily distracted councils As n
ronscque lice, older Is gradually re
appnrlng In Mexico: nt no tltno In
in my years have American llve-s and
Interests been yo safe- ns they now
ate. pence reigns tilling tho bordor
and Industry Is lesumlng.
hen the new government of Mex
ico shall have glviMl ample proof of its
uhllitv permanently to nmlntnln law
and order, slgnlllecl Its willingness to
meet its International obligations ntnl
t litem upon Its statute bonks lust
laws, tinder which foreign Investors
shall havo rights as well its duties,
that government should receive our
leeogiilllou ami systematic iisslslntice
I utll these proper expectutlons havo
been met Mexico must ronll7o the
propriety of a policv that asserts tho
right of the I'nltod .Suites to demand
full ptotectlon for Its citizens.
Petroleum.
The Democratic partv iccognlzes tho
tapoitanee etf the acquisition by Amer
icans or additional sources or supplv
of tnttiileum und other minerals nnd
deolaris Umt such acquisition, both nt
home nnd nhtoul, should ho fostered
nnd encourage il We uigu such action,
legislative and excclitive, us may se
cure to American citizens the s'ltno
rii'litt In the ucqulrcmi nt of tnlnltiir
tl-rhts In foreign countries us nre en
Jo.veil bv the citizens or subjects of any
other nation
New Nations.
Tho Democratic pirty expresses Its
active svtupnthy with the people of
Chlin. tVeclio-Hlovakla. I'lnlnnd. Po
land, Pi rsla and others who have re
cently established representative gov
ernment and who are striving to de
velop tho Institutions of trim deinoc
ricy. Ireland.
The gieat principle of national self
determination has rcci'lve d constant re
iteration as one of the chief etblee
tlves for which this country entered
the war. uiul victory established this
principle.
Within the limitations of Interna
tional comity und usage this conven
tion repeats the several previous ex
pressions of tho svmpnthv of the
Democratic pirty of the t'nlted Stales
for the aspirations of Ireland ror seir
governmiMit. Armenia.
We- express our eleep end earnest
sympithv tor the unfortunate peoplo
of Armenia, and wo believe thnt our
government consistent with Its consti
tution ntnl principles, should rei dor
every possible mid proper nltl to them
In their efforts to establish and main
tain a government or their own.
Tho Philippines.
We favor t'ie granting of Independ
ence wl I bout unnecessary ileluv to tho
iprton.OOO Inhabitants of tho Philippine
Islands,
Hawaii.
Wo favor n liberal policy ot home
steading public lauds In Hawaii to
promote n larger mleldle-clnss citizen
population, with equal rights to all
citizens.
The Importance or Hawaii ns nn out
post on tho western frontier of tho
United States demnnds uilo-qtutto ap
propriations by congn-ss for tho ele
velopment of our harbors and high
ways there.
Porto Rico.
Wo fnvor granting to tho people of
Porto Itlcti the traditional territorial
form of government, with n view to
ultimate statehood, uccoreled to nil ter
ritories or the Unlto. States slnco tho
beginning or our government, ami wo
believe that the ofllcluls appointed to
administer the government nf such ter
ritories should be qualified by previous
bona fide residence therein.
i Alaska.
We commend the Democratic ad
ministration tor Inaugurating a new
policy ns to Alaska as evidenced bv
the construction ot tho Alnskn rail
road and opening of the coal and oil
fields.
Wc declare for the modification of
the existing coal land law, to pro
mote development without disturb
ing the features Intended to prevent
monopoly.
Tor such changes In the policy of.
forestry control us will permit tho
Immediate Initiation of tho paper pulp
Industry.
Kor relieving the territory trom tho
evils or long-distance irovornment bv
nrlbtr.iry nnd Interlocking bureau
cratic regulation, and to thnt end wo
urge the speedy passijgo or a law con
taining tliu essential features of thu l.ano
Curry bill, now pending, co-onllnatlng und
consolidating all federal control of na
tural resources under ono department to
bo administered by a nonpartisan board
permanently resldont In the territory.
Kor tho fullest mensuro of territorial self
government with the vlowi to ultlmuto
statehood, with Jurisdiction over all mut
ters not of purely federnl concern, Inclucl.
lug fisheries tend game, and ror un Intel
ligent uilmlnlstratloii or federal control
wo believe that all iilllclals appointed
should bo qunlllled by previous bonn-flde
residence In tho territory.
Kor tho extension to Alaska of tho red
oral farm lo in net.
Asiatic Immigrants.
Tho policy or the United States wlih
referenco to tho nonndmlsslon ot Asiatic
Immigrants Is a true expression or tho
Judgment or our peoplo and to tho sever
al states, whose geographical situation or
Internal conditions mnko this policy and
tho enforcement of tho laws enacted pur
suant thereto, or particular concern, we
pledgo our support.
Postal Service.,
The efllclency or the post ofllce de
partment has been vindicated against a
malicious unci designing assault by tho
clllclcncy or Its operation. Its record re
futes Its utisiillants. Their voices nre si
lenced und their charges havu collapsed.
We commend tho work of tho Joint com
mission on the reclassification of ralarlcs
of postnl employees, rccuntly concluded,
which commission wus created by n Dem
ocratic administration. Tho Democratic
party hns always favored and will con
tinue to favor Just treatment of nil gov
ernment employees.
Free Speech and Press."
We resent tho unfounded reproaches di
rected ngalnst tho Democratic admlnls-'
trntlon for alleged Intorforenco with tho
freedom of tho press and freedom of
speech, i
No utterance from nny quarter has lieett
assailed and no publication hasbeen ro4
pressed which has not been animated by
treasonable purpose, nnd directed ngalnst
tho nntlon's peace, ordor and security Irt
time ot war.
Wo renlllrm our respect for tho great
principles of freo speech nnd a freo
press, but assort a sin Indisputable propo.
sltlon that they nfforel no toleration of
enemy ptopagundn or tho advocacy of
the overthrow of the government of the
state or nation by forco or vlolonco.
"Republican Corruption."
Tho shocking disclosure or the lavish
uno or money by aspirants for tho Ro
pobllcnn nomination for tho highest of
fice In tho gift of tho peqplp hns created
a painful Impression throughout tho coun
try. Viewed In connection with the re
cent conviction of a Hepubllcan senator
rrom the stuto ot Michigan ror the crim
inal transgression or tho law limiting cx
iiendltures on behair of n cnndldnto for
r the United States senato. It Indicates tho
te-entry, tineicr iiepuuiicnn auspices, or
money ns an Induentlsl fnctor In elections,
thus nullifying tho lotter nnd lliuntlng
tho spirit of numerous raws, enacted by
tho people, to protect tho ballot from tno
contamination of corrupt practices. We
doploro thoso delinquencies and Invoke
their storn rebuke, pledging our earnest
efforts to a strengthening or the present
corrupt practices and their rigorous en
forcement. r Wet remind the people thnt It was only
by tho roturn of a Republican senator In
Michigan, who Is now under conviction
and sontonco for the criminal misuse of
motioy In his election, that tho present
organisation cf tho senato with a Repub
lican majority was tnuiln posslblo.
Conclusion,
llellevlng that wo havo kept the Demo
cratlc faith, nnd resting our claims to the
conlldonco of the people not upon grandl
one promise, but upon the solid perform
ances ot our party, we submit our rec
ord to tho nation's consideration and ask
that the pledges of this platfoim be up
Dlalsed In the llk'llt of that roord
CHANGES IN SPAIN
Nation
Has Formed Liking
Outdoor Sports.
for
War Started the Movement, and Its
Popularity Does Not Seem to
Have Greatly Abated With
Advent of Peace.
While llu wur wiim nlisnihlil; Hip nt
tendon nf tlio I'figllsh, sport In gen
oral find polo nn I hut mi riirltiir In par
tlniliir look uifufc'o In Spain timlor Ihu
protection of KIiir Alfonso. It oeetni
that the cmnliiK of jtenee ntnl thu re
turn of the sport to KiikImiiiI nml
Krnnt'e has not found the Spaniard
willing- to let go of their nevv outdoor
iiecoiiipllshmpiii.H. llalher, they havo
gone In for more of tlieni. A w titer In
the London Dally Mull, acting as cor
respondent; In Madrid, ssnys :
"The tltiennn Ih doomed. Also tlio
seml-orlenlal system jtliis representoel.
"The tlenlli warrant was .slneil
when the seiioi'ltils of Madrid took to
playing- tennis and golf, to nkllnc ln
the Slerru und to traveling; In a Hide
cur. "Hence also the collapse! of the car
nival as It used to he. It Is an null
filiated survival of the days when tail
could meet lass without the iluennii nt
only onv short season In the year, und
tho mask was fondly supposed tu con
ceal Identity.
"In addition to taking up more and
more all the sport's familiar elsewhere,
the Madrllune Indies have one of their
own : a sort of racquets played In a
Jeii-de-pauine (peloid) court, hut
without the hasketvvork cestus. They
use tennis racketsand the courts nro
always lull.
"Lately they hnvo heKiinto sfeer
their own cars, too, though ut sport
Is not encouraged for them by tho
rtK'kless speeds permitted In IiIk
Spanish cities.
"A glance at any leading; Madrid pn
per vvlll show whither young- nutlet
Spain Ih tending-. Not only tue Kolf
courses arising- outside all of tlio resi
dential cities, hut other exotics llk
polo ate Increasingly popular with the
Kilt-edged youth. Madrid, Ilarcelona
and other centers hum with motor
trulllc, nml hit; sidecar outllts are all
over thu place. f
"In one thing young Spain appears
not to he cIiiuikIiik H'V modesty oC
her daughters and the ni4tcmloiisncs
of her sons. A few deys ao I mini!
a round of nil the nu.usetuent placet
In Seville, beginning- with a sort of
musical costume play (the very tune
ful 'Song of Forgutfulncss') nt a thea
ter at 5:110 p. m. und ending at 1 a.
in. In a workman' dance luill. The
play was elescrlhetl as 'Vermouth,' hut
the refreshments sold were chocolate
and coltl water I
"After dinner I went to a ttopalar
music hall where Spanish dances are
exhibited, then to n cheaper hall (en
trance fee about G cents), und finally
to the dunce hall. The oly alcoholic
refreshment I saw consumed wns
glass which I ordered myself In order
to see If one could get It at all. I have
wandered about the worklnpnen'sj
quarters of Madrid, Iinrcclouu and Se
ville, nnd at night ahout the Alhalcln
of Grantitla, hut I havo yet to see u
drunken man, still less an Intoxicated
woman.
"I know that a great deal of wine
Is consumed on occnslous, such us lmi
tlsms, hut thu 'hotel crawl' 'is as little?
nn amusement ot young Spain an Is
tlio heer-soaklng which characterized
prewur (jcrinany." ' .
Why We Yawn. ,
There aio two unfailing signs oC
fatigue, says Dr. Halford Itoss, tho
home olllce factory Inspector for Lon
don, lCiiglnnd. When thu tniid Is tired
people gape,' nml when the hotly Ih
tired they lldget. Thete Is an Idea thnt
gaping is, "catching," .hut this Is ouly
true If innny people are tired together.
Doctor Kosh has watched children In
London schools, and he.llnds that dur
ing thu moriilngjf one gapes tin? oth
ers do not follow suit, but towards the
end of the afternoon, when one gapes
the others d the same. When In In
dia Doctor Hoss stood' one morning on
the staircase of1 the viceregal palace uC
Calcutta and watched men unit' women
going up will down past a slaiue of u
jawnlng man. Nobody gaped. That
night there was a ball at the pnlnce;
and at live o'clock In the morning Doc
tor Iloss iigaln stood by the suiitie and
watched thu people going home. Kv
eryone gaped, aiid this was slmply'ho
euusu they eie fatigued, when they
were fresh, tieY could pass tli.juwo
Ing llguiu with Immunity.
This Frorfy a School Teacher.
They uenuktrolljng along thu banks
of Wliltu river toward Kiivenswooil,
two girls from southern Indiana, who
nre attending a local picparatury
school tor teachers. They weie ad
miring tho rnw of odd little cottages
and the summer Inhabitants, when one
of thu girls remarked: "I would Just
love to live out here, hut would like a
inoie exclusive spot." The other girl
agreed she would Just love to live
there, hut said: "I would want a cot-
tnge where the other's ain't at." In
dlunnpolls News. r
Sweden Given Prized Relic.
The general's collar worn by Otis
tavus Adolphus, king of Sweden, when
ho was killed at tlio battle' or Lutr.en
In K .'!-, has been presented to tin'
Scandinavian government by tljo Aus
trian government In recognition of
charity- to Austrln. Tho Insignia wan
taken from his body by soldiers of
the Austrian, guard and has been la
i military museum ever since. ,
,$
rM '