i. Mf!n;Mi,
KED CLOUD, NEBRASKA, CHIEF
ft
GREAT PEACE PACT
WITH GERMANY IS
GIVEN IN SUMMARY
Substance of the Treaty Which
Was Handed to Delegates at
Versailles Palace.
LEAGUE OF NATIONS FIRST
llsacc Lorraine, Saar Dasln, Danzig,
Poland and Other Territory Lopped
Off German War Power Reduced
to Minimum Wllhelm to Be Tried.
Herewith Ih tho olllelitl summitry of
tho Brent pence treaty which was hand
ed by the representatives (if the allied
nations to tltu German delegates at
Versailles:
Tlio prenmblr names as part I on of
the on part the t'nltpil States. Hie
British emplrr, France, Italy ami Ja
pan, described an tllu five allied and
nssoclnted powers, and Belgium, Bo
livia. Brazil, China, Culm. Ecuador.
. Orecce. Uuutcitnila, Haiti, the Hedjaz,
llondyritii, Liberia, Nicaragua, Panama,
Peru, Poland, Portugal, Houmnnln, Ser
bia, Slnm, Czccho-SIovakla nnd Urti
Kuay, who with the live above are de
scribed an tho allied and associated
powers; and on the other part. Ger
many; t Section One League of Nations.
Tho covenant of tho league of na
tions constitutes Section 1 of tho pcaco
treaty, which places upon tho league
many specific In addition to Its Kuncrnl
duties. It may question Germany at
any tlmo for a violation of tho neutral
ised zone enst of tho Ilhlue iih a threat
against tho world's peace. It will ap-
Bolnt three of tho live members of tho
anr commission, oversee Hb regime
and carry out tho plebiscite. It will
appoint tho hlffh commissioner of Dan-
fB, KUaranteo the Independence of tho
rco city and arrange for treaties be
tween Danzig and Germany nnd Po
land. It will work out the mandatory
system to bo applied to tho former
German colonies, nnd net as a final
court In part of thu plebiscites of tho
, Relglan-Germnn frontier, and In dis
putes as to tho Kiel canal, and decide
certain of the economic and financial
problems. An International conferuncu
on labor Is to bo held In October under
Its direction, nnd another on tho Inter
national control of ports, wnterways
and railways Ih foreshadowed.
Section Two Boundaries of Germany.
Germany cedes to France Alsace-Lorraine,
6.000 square miles of It In tho
southwest, and to Belgium two small dis
tricts between Luxemburg nnd Holland,
totalling DM) square miles. She alflo cedes
to Poland tho southeastern tip of Silesia
beyond and Including Oppeln, most of
Poscn and West Prussia, 27.KS0 square
miles, EnBt Prussia being Isolated from
tho main body by a part of Poland. Ger
many loses sovereignty over tho north
easternmost tip of Hast Prussia. 40 square
miles north of tho river Memo), and the
Internationalized areas about Danzig. 729
square miles, and the basin of the Sanr,
738 oquaro miles, between the western bor
der of tho Ilhenlsh palatlnato of Bavaria
and tho southeast corner of Luxemburg.
The Dnnzlg area consists of the V be
tween the Nogat nnd Vistula rivers madn
Into a W by the addition of a similar V
on the west Including tho city of Danzig.
The southeastern third of East Prussia
and the area betweon East Prussia and
the Vistula north of latitude 63 degrees
threo minutes Is to have Its nationality
determined by popular vote, 6.7S5 square
miles, as Is to bo tho case in part of
Schleswlg, 2,787 square miles.
Section Three European Political
Classes.
BELGIUM. Germany Is to consent to
the abrogation of the treaties of 1S39 by
which Belgium was established as a neu
tral state and to agree In advance to any
convention with which tho allied and as.
epclated powers may dotermlno to replace
thorn. Blie Is to recognize tho full sover
eignty of Belgium over tho contested ter
ritory of Moresnet and over part of
Vrusslan Moresnet. 'and to renounco In
Avpr of Belgium nil rights over tho cities
If Lupen and Malmcdy, the Inhabitants
of which are to be entitled within six
months to protest agnlnst this change of
sovereignty either In whole or In part, tho
nnal decision to bo reserved to the league
of nations. A commission Is to settlo the
details of the frontier, and various regu
lotions for change of nationality are laid
LUXEMBOURG. - Germany renounces
her various treaties and conventions with
the Krone! duchy of Luxembourg, rccog
pises that It ceased to be a part or the
German zollyereln from January 1 last,
renounces oil right of exploitation of tho
railroads, adheres to the abrogation of Its
n.utrnl ty. and accepts In advance any
Uif7?ItI.Si,.aI, "Krfcmont as to It. reached
by the allied and associated powers
LK.51!. "A5VK OF TIIK IUIINi:A.
provided n the military clauses. Grr"
many vtlll not maintain any fort men
tions or armed form. Iras than "fly
kilometer, to the enst of the IlhlnV,
bold any maneuvers, nor mnlntaln any
works to facilitate moblilintlon.
In case of violation, "she shall be re
garded as committing ir- hostllo net
against the powers who sign the pres
ent treaty and na Intending to disturb
the peace of the world."
"Itv vlrtlla nt M, . n.....t . ...
Germany Bhnll be bound to respond to
any request for nn explanation which
the council of the louguo of nations
may( think It necessary to address to
ALSACE-LORRAINE. After recog
nition of the mornl obligation to re
pair tho wrong done In 1871 by Ger
many to France and tho people of Alsace-Lorraine,
tho territories ceded to
Germany by tho treaty of Frankfort
are restored to Franco with their
front era as before 1871. to date from
the signing of tho nrmlstlce, and to bo
free of nil public debts.
Citizenship Ih regulated by detailed
provisions distinguishing those who
are Immediately restored to full French
citizenship, thoso'who havo to mnko
formal application therefor, nnd those
for whom naturalization Is open nftor
three years. The last-named class In
cludes German residents In Alsace
Lnrmlno. as distinguished from those
who acquire the position of Alsace
Lorraine as detlncd In the treaty. All
public property and all prlvato proper
ty of German ex-sovcrelgns passeB to
I-ranee .without payment or credit.
1- ranee Is substituted for Germany aa
regards ownership of the railroads and
rlBhtn over concessions of tramways.
Tho Rhine bridges paBs to Franco with
tho obligation for their upkeep.
THE SAAU. In compensation for
tho destruction of coal mines In north
ern 1' ranee and ns payment on ac
count of reparation, Germany codes to
trance full ownership of the coal
mines of the Saar basin with their
subsidiaries, accessories and facilities.
Their value will bo estimated by the
reparation commission and credited
against that account. The French
rights will be governed by German law
In force at tho armistice excepting wnr
legislation, Franco replacing the proa
cnt owners whom Germnny undertakes
to Indemnify. France will continue to
furnleh tho present proportion of coal
for local needs and contribute In Just
proportion to local taxes. Tho basin
extends from tho frontier of Lorrnlno
as re-annexed to Franco north as far
as St. wendel. Including on tho west
the valley of the Saar as far as Baar
holzbach and on tho oast tho town of
Homburg.
In order to secure the rights and
welfare of the population nnd guaran
tee to I-rnnco entire freedom In work
ing tho mines, tho territory will bo
governed by a commission appointed
bv the league of nations nnd consisting
of five members, one French, one a native
Inhabitant of the Sour ul threo repre
senting threo different countries other
than France and Germany. The league
will appoint a member of the commission
ns chairman to act as executive of the
commission, Tho commission will hava
all powers of government formerly be
longing to the German empire, Prussia
and Bavaria, will administer tho rnllroads
and other public services and havo full
power to Interpret tho trenty clauses. The
local courts will continue but subject to
the commission.
After lirtcen years a plebiscite will bo
held by (oimnuncs to ascertain tho de
sires of tho population as to continuance
of the existing regime under tho lengue of
nations, union Willi Franco or union with
Germnny.
Section Four European Political
Classes.
GERMAN AUSTRIA. Germany rec
ognise the total Independence of Ger
man Austria In the liniitidiirlr traced.
C.ECIIO-HI.OVAKI A Germany rec
ognizes tho entire Independence of tho
Czeeho-Slovnk Htntu, Including the au
tonomous territory of the Hutheulnns
south of tho Carpathians, and accepts
tho frontiers of tills state- as to bo de
termined, which In tho caso of the Ger
man frontier shall follow thu frontier
of Bohemia In 1914. Tho usual stipu
lations as to acquisition and change of
nationality follow.
POLAND- Germany cedes to Poland the
gicatcq part up upper Silesia, Poaeu and
tho prnvlnco of West Piuaslu, on thu left
bank of the VIhUiIu. A llciil boundary
cnuilnlHtdou of sewnlive representing
thu allied and nssoclnted powers and one
each leprcacnting Poland and Germany
shall bo constituted within 16 dayri of the
peace to delimit tills boundary. Such
special provisions as nro liec exiviry to
protect racial, linguistic or lellgluila mi
norities and to protect freedom of tran
sit and equitable treatment of lommurce
of other nationa shall bo laid down In n
subsequent treaty between tho five allied
and associated powers and Poland,
EAST PKL'BSIA-Tho southern nnd the
eastern frontier of East Prussia Is to be
fixed by plebiscites, the first In thu re
gency of Allensteln between tho south
ern frontier of East Prussia and the
northern frontier of Reglcrungsbcslrk
Allensteln, from whero It meets the
boundary between Enst and West Prus
sia to Its Junction with thu boundary be
tween tho circles of Oletsko and Augers
burg, thence thu northern boundary of
Oletsko to its Junction with the prchent
frontier, ami thu second In the area com
prising the circles of Stubm and Rocn
burg nnd the parts of tho circles of Ma
rlcnhurg nnd Marlenwerder east of the
Vistula.
In each caso German troops nnd au
thorities will nyvc out within ID days of
tho peace and the territories be placed
under nn International commission of live
members appointed by the live alllrd and
associated powers, with tho particular
duty of arranging a free, fair and secret
vote. The commission will report tho re
HUlts of the plebiscites to tlje five powers
with a recommendation for the boundnry
and will terminate. Its work as soon ns
thu boundary lina been laid down and the
new authorities set up.
Tho live allied and associated powers
will draw up regulations assuring East
Prussia full and equitable acceHH to anil
uso of tho Vistula. A subsequent con
vention, of which tho terms will bo fixed
by tho five allied and associated powers,
will be entered Into between Poland,
Germany and Danzig, to nssure suitable
railroad communication across German
territory on the right bnnk of tho Vistula
between Poland nnd Danzig, whllo Poland
shall grant free passage from Enst Prus
sia to Germany.
The northeastern corner of EnBt Prus
sia about Memcl Is to be ceded by Ger
many to thu associated powers, the for
mer agreeing to accept tho settlement
made, especially as regards tho nation
ality of thu Inhabitants.
DANZIG Danzig and tho district Im
mediately about It Is to be constituted
Into tho "free city of Dnnzlg" under tho
guaranty of tho league of nntlons. A
high commissioner appointed by the
leaguo and resident nt Danzig shall draw
up u constitution In agreement with
the duly appointed representatives of
tho city and shall deal In the first
ItiHtuuce with nil differences arising be
tween tho city and Poland. Tho actual
boundaries of the city shall bo delimited
by a commission nppolnted within six
months from tho tieaco and to Include
three representatives chosen by thu allied
nnd associated powers and one each by
Germany and Poland.
A convention, the terms of which shall
bo fixed by tho II vo allied audi associated
powers, shall bo concluded between Po
land and Danzig, which shall Include Dan
zig within the Polish customs frontiers,
though a free area In the port; Insure to
Poland thu frcu use of all tho city's
waterways, docks and other port facili
ties, the control nnd administration of the
Vistula and the wholo through railway
systems within tho city, nnd postal, tele
graph and telephonic communication be
tween Poland nnd Danzig; provide against
discrimination against Poles within tho
city and place Its foreign relations and
tho diplomatic protection of its cltlzena
abroad In cbnrge of Poland.
DENMARK Tho frontier between Ger
mnny nnd Denmark will be fixed by the
self-determination of tho population. Ten
dnya from the pence German troops nnd
authorities shall evacuate tho region
north of tho linn running from tho mouth
of the Schlel, south of Kappel, Schleswig
and Frledrlchstadt, along the Elder to
tho North sea, south of Tonnlng; the
workmen's and soldiers' council shnll bo
dissolved, nnd the territory administered
by nn International commission of five,
of whom Norway and Sweden shall be In
vited to name two.
lini.fiOI.ANl. The fortification,
military establishments nnd liarlmrN of
the Islands of llelstnlnnd and Dune ore
to be destroyed under the supervision
of the nlllr by Oermnn labor ami nt
Germany' expense. They mny not be
reconstructed for nny similar fortifica
tion hull! In the future,
RUSSIA, Germany agreea to respect
as permanent nnd Inalienable tho Inde
pendency of all territories which were
part of the former Russian empire, to
accept the abrogation of the Brest-
i.movbk and otner treaties entered into
with the Maximalist government of
Russia, to recognlzo the full force of
all treaties entered Into by tho allied
am! associated powers with states
which were a part of the former Rus
sian empire and to recognize the fron
tiers ns determined thereon. Tho al
lied and associated powers formally re
serve tho right of Russia to obtain res
titution and reparation of the princi
ples of the present treaty.
Section Five German Rights Outside
Europe
Outside Europe Germany renounces
nil rights, titles and privileges an to
her own or her allies' territories to all
the allied and associated powers, and
undertakes to accept whatever meas
ures are taken by tho ftvo allied pow
ers In relation thereto.
COLONIES AND OVERSEAS POS
SESSIONS Germany renounced In tu
tor of the alllrd nud associated power
her oversea possessions Tilth nil rights
nnd title therein. All mot able nnd
Immovnble property belonging to the
German empire or to any German
Ntatr shnll pnsa to the goterumeut ex
ercising authority therein.
These governments may make what
ever provisions seem suitable for the
repatriation of Oermnn nationals and
as to tho conditions on which German
subjects of European origin shall re
side, hold property or carry on busi
ness. Germany undertakes to pay rep
aration for dnmage suffered by French
nationals In tho ICameruns or Its fron
tier zone through the nctB of German
civil and military authorities and of
Individual Germans from January 1.
1900, to August 1. 1914.
Germnny renounces all rights under
the conventions of November 4, 1911,
and September 29. 1913, and undertakes
to pay to Franco In accordance with an
estimate presented by the repatriation
commission nil deposits, credits, ad
vances, etc.. thereby secured, Ger
many undertakes to accept and observe
nny provisions by thu allied and asso
ciated powers aa to the trade In arms
and spirits In Africa us well as to the
general act of Berlin of 18SG and the
general act of Brussels of 1890. Dip
lomatic protection to Inhabitants of
former German colonies Is to bo given
by the governments exercising author
ity. CM UNA. Germany renounces In fnvor
of China nil privileges and Indumnittus
resulting fiom tho Boxer protocol of
iiwl, and all buildings, wharves, barracks,
forts, munitions of warships, wireless
plants and other public property except
diplomatic or corsular estab.ttf'ments In iVTOIOIOXOXOIOXOXOXOTOJ
tho German concessions of Tientsin and W -"'-'" h
Hankow and In other Chines territory : HIGH 6POT8 IN PEACE A
oxcept Klaochow aid agrees to roturn !J , ,i TDC,TU , A
to China nt her own expense all the r, ilntAlYi a,
astronomical Instruments seized In Vift, -J . A.
China will, howeve-, take no measures J j
for disposal of Oermnn property in the Alsace. Lorraine. noes to A
legation quarter at Pckin without the , AI8aco "rraino goes to
consent of tho tiowers sl-inatory to tl o A France. A
tinxnr nrnrnrni. t.nrrnrmv i.rcpnin iim n
nlirnimf inn nf tlin rfinrfslnno nt Ilnnlrntt A
and TinntMn, China ngrueiti,; to open thum
ri iniariiniinnni iaa
" -.. ts. ww. .. ,
ail treaties and arrangements with the
M'"1'!?" .VT: SI'B..!l',lt,.r!uk.1B.not to
lions HH lO mo-
(I other powers,
es of the French
cs the capltula-
roeco between Frame and other powers,
necepiB an me consequences oi tne r runci
protectorate anu renounces tne capituia
ln!v,m ..,.!!
, hOWT. Germany recognizes tho nrlt- V
Ish protectorate over Egypt declared on W
December is 1914, and rciio.inceM as from JJ
August 4. 1914, tho capitulation and all ,;
.iiihiin. i. j?n, uiu ;11JIIUIIIIIUI1 rum It II
tho treaties, agreements, etc., concluded
by her with Limit. She undertakes not
to Intervene In any negotiations nbout
Egypt between Great Britain and other
powers.
Thorn nre provisions for Jurisdiction
over German nationals and property nnd
for German consent to nny changes whlili
may be made In relation to the commis
sion of public debt. Germany conetitH to
tlin ffnttafn. I,. Ilrniil l.clfnl. ,if ftw. ..n...
ers given to the late sultan of Turkey J
vir. ki.ii iu uic line riiiiiin ul juiiiey
for securing the free tingnllon of the
Htier. canal. Arrangements n(r property
belonging to German nationals In Egypt
are mado similar to those In the case of
Morocco and other countries. Anglo-
Egyptian goods entering Germany shall
enjuv thu same treatment as Ilrltls.i
I'tinila
countries bv Germany oi' her nationals
and not neait wnn eisewnere ,
SHANTUNG. Germnny cede to Jn
pnn nil rights, titles and iirUlleue. nn.
tnlilr ns tn Klnm-liiMT, nnd the rail
road, in I n rs nnd entiles iininlred liy
her treaty with C'lilmi or Marrh (I,
IK7. nnd other agreement ns to Shan
tunic. All German rights to the railroad from
Tslngtnu to Tslnaitfu. Including all faclll
ties and mining rights and rights of ex
ploitation, pass equally to Japan and the
cables from Tslngtnu to Shanghai and
Chefoo, tho cables free of all ehrnges. All
German stntu property, movable and lm
movable. In Klnochow Is acquired by
Japan free of nil charges.
Section Six.
MILITARY FOItCKS-Tbe demohllf.
nflon nf the Germany arm)' must tnke
plnee within two month of the pence.
It strength mny not exceed 100.000. In.
eluding 4.000 offleer. with not over
nrn division
division of Infantry nml three:
.,, .n.i ... i.. ....... ... i.. i
MOROCCO. Germany renounces all her !
rights, titles and privileges under the art I"
of Algeclrns and the Franco-German !
agreements of I9u9 nnd 1911 And under :
TI'RKEY AND BtMIARIA.-Oermnny W "" "" " '"
necepts all arrangements which the allied V lies. W
and associated powers make with Turkey M Germnnv anrecu to the trial of ,
and Bulgaria with reference to any right. W . """"V agrees to tne trial oi y
nrivlleucB or Interests elnlineit In tlinm, the ex.knlser. .
In order to render nnssIMn thn tnltln- eriuiy nu persons so nccuseu ana mi
tloS oT'lr'ger'nTllmltaUon'of the Si i ??$i lXM0lh??$tfntf
menta of all nations. Germany undertakes , nr.Uaerts the diVcwSv ? of the offenders
2ST.K cau,w)dJc(,,ft,.i:iw1!tttry' .00
lvely to mnlatrnnnee of Internal order "ni1 ln"".,Kp "hleh the allied nnd
nml control of frontiers. i associated Kntrrnmenl nnd their nn-
Dlvlslons may not be grouped under 'nnnl have been subjected nn n eon
more than two army corps headquarters I ""liienee of the war Imposed upon
staffs. The great Oermnn general staff Iu h'm b'r tne agisresslon of the enemy
abolished. Tho army administrative serv- I
Ice, consisting of civilian personnel, not
Included In the number of effectlvca, Is
reduced to one-tenth the total In the
1913 budget. Employees of the German
states, such ns customs ofllcers, first
guaniH ami const guards, may not exceed
and their personnel dismissed. The exact
amount of armament and munitions al
lowed Germany Is laid down In detail
tables, nil In excess to be surrendered
or rendered useless. The manufacture or
Importation of asphyxiating, poisonous
or other gnBes and all annlogous liquids
Is forbidden as well as tho Importation of
arms, munitions and war material. Ger
many may not manufacture ouch ma
terial for foreign governments.
CONSCRIPTION Conscription Is
nbollshcd In Germnny. The enlisted cer-
sonnel must be maintained by voluntary
enlistment for terms of twelvo consecu- I
tlvo years, the number of discharges be- '
roro tne expiration or mat term not in
any year to exceed 5 per cent of tho total
effectives. Officers remnlnlng In the serv
ice must ngree to serve to the ago of
forty-five years and newly appointed ofll
cers must agree to servo actively for
twenty-live years.
No military schools except those abso
lutely tndispcnsnble for the units allowed
shall exist In Germnny two months after
tho peace. No associations such ns so-
erties of discharged soldiers, shooting or I
Imirlnr- rllllm mllirnllnn.il ntilnhllHhlllpntH I
tne numuer in 1313. ucminrmcs and local i v."" -,," ": :;. ,." '..ti" ,5, ,.,'
police may bu Increased only in accord- , 5 Xl he nr nt.Ml Th.V m
ance with the growth of population. None J-'".1- i Shlirt in ill JnSn1 n
tnlnlni" " aB8cmblcd for mlmary cvXlcStimloSl TXnnTrJP.
ARMAMENTS-A11 establishments for ?fi?BWm05?lon" nwcc",oUBMnI'nl U
0tLr;Vlcairerepe.i,rurnebc )W 's'.l'uVtTer VcW'rto're
closed within three montliH of tho pence il" lViVAiiP"L "ri. l.J..," ".".'"JS
or universities may occupy themselves Ing forced to labor; (g) damages In the
with military matters. VAli measures of form of levies or fines Imposed by tho
mobilization ore forbidden. enemy.
FORTRESSES. All fortified works, for- , In periodically estimating Germnny's
tresses nnd field works sltunted In Ger- cnpaclty to pay the reparation corn
man territory within a zone CO kilo- mission shall examine the German sys
metera (30 miles) enst of the Rhino will i torn of taxation, first to the ond that
be dismantled within threo months. Tho tho sums for reparation which Ger
constructlon of, any new fortifications many is required to pay shall become
there Is forbidden. Tho fortified works a charge upon nil her revenues, prior
on the southern and eastern frontiers, to thnt for the service or dlschnrgo of
however, mny remain. ' any domestic loan, and, secondly, so ns
CONTROU Interallied commissions of to satisfy Itself that In general tho
control will see to tho execution of tho i German scheme of taxatlqn Is fully iih
provisions, for which a time limit Is set, , heavy proportionately as that of any
the maximum named being three months I of the powers represented on the com
They may establish headquarters at the i mission.
German scat of government and go to. The commission may require Germany
any part of Germany desired. Germnny ' to give from time to time, by way of
must glvo them complete facilities, pay guaranty, Issues of bonds or other obllga
thelr expenses and also the expenses of tons to cover such claims as aro not
eeVt,Lt.',1w.c,,d.ln8imela,,,or otherwise satisfied. In this connection
and material necessary In demolition, de- nii on account of the total amount of
Btructlon or "gender of w, IMjPmit. &"? bml Issues nre "ienlly to be
ZtJtxllnM MlulM I Twenty' bmioT marks, gold, payable
rrulser! tnelvi drTr '?! fnr n0t ,a,er than M'1 J- 1921' Without ln
preVl'rho..T'nml a"'. &.". "ll'he'r ?" '"I. b"?" .".'.! nl 1"'"5
military or eommerelal. with a person-
Sn'd So re.0e,nf?ee,or,uy3BchOSr:.
Conscription Is abolished, only voluntary
service being permitted, with a minimum
period of 26 yenrB' service for olllcers
and 12 for men, No member of the Ger
man mercantile marine will bo permitted
any navai training
' " ...........
All German vessels Of war In foreign
ports, nnd the German high sea fleet In- 1R8' ,or ' mercnant snips nnu nsning
terned at 8capa Flov will be surren- bon.tB lns' or damaged owing to the war,
dered. the final disposition of these ships nd agrees to cede to the utiles nil Ger
to be decided upon by the allied and aa- : man merchant ships of l.COO tons gross
soclntcd powers. nnd upward, one-half of her ships between
iV.WftlStf -"" .WrfflS ralfers"1,nadnrtotrr-TK
Smd'.,HH TwrmlJn'tirtS Vheeran1
nil u "u Ihir ? ?.. iinrei! fSpuhmnMni committee, together with documents of
".' , ' " ii,',"ir.Tr illnii 1 uH t . ,t,le evidencing the transfer of the ships
i.rrartAV,,rt,,riI.l,,,,.fl,l.uIL!,e k"f,,V i free trom encumbrance.
PRISONERS OF WAR,-! he repatrla- AB n additional part of reparation,
tlon of Germnn prisoners nnd Interned tne German government further agrees
civilians Is to be cnrrled out without de- , to build merchant ships for the account
lav and at Germnny's expenso by a com- 0f the allies to tho amount of not ex-
iiiiD.iuii vwmiueu ui rvpicBcmnuti-s u cecding iw.ooo tons gross nnnunlly dur
the allies and Germany. Those under K the next flvo years. All ships used
sentence for offenses against discipline for inland navigation taken by Germany
aro to bo repatriated without regard to
mo completion or 'tnoir sentence, until
Germnny has surrendered persons guilty
of offenses against .tho lnws and customs
of war, the utiles have the right to re
tain selected Gorman ofllcers.
GRAVES. Both parties will respect and
mnlntaln tho graves of soldiers and sail
ors burled on their territories, agree to
recognlzo and assist any commission
charged by any nllled or nssnciate gov
ernment with Identifying, registering.
maintaining or erecting sultablo monu-
mentB over the crnves. nnd to nfTord tn
each other all facilities for the repatrla-
tlon or the remains of their soldiers
Hi:SIONSIIIII,ITinS. The allied nnil
nssnelnted power publicly nrrnlgu
William II. of lloliruaollrru. formerls
Gentian emperor, not for mi olTense
against criminal Inw, hut fur n su
preme olTense iignlnst Interniillumil
morality and the sauellty of treaties.
The ex-emperor's surrender Is to la
requested of Holland, nnd a special tri
bunal set uii, composed of ouo Judgu fron
each of tho five great powers, with full
guaranties of the right of defense. It li
to bo guided "by the highest motives ol
international policy with a view of via
dlcattng tho solemn obllgntloni of In
tcrnatlonnl undettaklnga and tho valid
Ity of International morality" and wll
.. ... t.v... ,,W.t.J It,).. 1.
ll the puiilshmunt It feels should b
iiiiiisvu
Persons accused of havlnc commlttn
acts In violation of the taws and custom
of war aiu to be tried and punished b,
r. -A-
The Saar valley will be tern
1 porarlly Internationalized.
r - i nanvlj-i Aill Ha riArmanant u
-a - .... ..
sllkiy TIIII MW JWI MIHIIVIItl
Internationalized.
Germany renounces all terrl-
torlal rights outside of Europe. V
J r.ermnnw ronnlrM th Inrfe. W
v -.... ,j .--. ... ... .f
J pendence of Poland and Czecho- V
cinuaHa A
W Slovakia. m
T"e German army Is reduced
, -nnnnn m.... ,j -j A
'00.000 officers and men, and y
conscription within Germany is A
hni(.hJ.fj A
abolished.
The German navy Is reduced J
to 24 warships and no subma- '.
rlnes.
Germany may have only 100 X
unarmed seaplanes, to search for jj
mines off her coast.
V
V
V
Germany will pay an Indem
v ,. ., .,.., .
C nlty, the amount of which Is not T
V vet fixed the Initial Davment to V
lnl payment xo a
w be 25,000,000,000 marks, about V
y $6,000,000,000. X
V """""""" y
V Germany cedes a lare part y
-.4 . ....... '..
y The disposition of the surren-
J dered German fleet, the German
V colonies and the German cables
A. 16 left to future action.
X The league of nations becomes
a living organization.
XOIOIOXOXOXOIIaavCX!''
military trlhunnls under military Inw. If
the eharf.es affect nationals of only one
state they will be tried before n tribunal
of that state; If they affect nationals of
several states they will be tried before
Joint tribunals of the states concerned
Germnny shall hand over to the asso
ciated governments either Jointly or sev-
stbtllty.
Section Seven Reparation.'
The Billed anil assoelnteil govern
ments affirm, nnd Germnny accept nn
'air or nerseir nnil her nlllr, the rr-
siiiinsiiiiiiij- ror rnuslnir nil the Ions
"-.
The total obligation of Germany to
pay, as defined In the category of dam
ages, Is to be determined and notified
to her after a fair hearing and not
Inter than May 1, 1921. by an Inter
allied reparation commission. At the
which can be Identified,
As an Immedlnte step townrd resto
ration Germany shall pay within two
years 20.000,000,000 marks In either
gold, goods, ships, or other specific
forms of payment, with tho under
standing that certain expenses, such ns
those of the armies of occupation nnd
payments for food and raw materials.
may liu deducted at the discretion of
tlw allies.
Vhlle
e tho grand totnl of damages
assessed against Germany mny exceed
her ntillttv tn nnv. Hlin iini!,rfnb.u tn
make compensation for all damages
caused to civilians under seven main
ca:egones: (a) Damages ny personal
Injury to clvlllnns en used bv nets nf
war. directly or Indirectly; (b) dnmage
caused to civilians by acts of cruelty
ordered by the enemy and to civilians
In the occupied territory; (c) damages
caused by maltreatment of prisoners;
(d) dnmageH to the alllei' peoples pre
sented by pensions and separation al
lowances capitalized at thu signature
or tnis trenty; tej damages to prop
erty other thnn naval or military ma
tenuis: (f) damages tO ClvlllntlH llV be
? ", VCeA' , I"? n ' ," i'.',',, l
Pg. nt s. nk.ng " VJ "
, .8 n .n.l an under nking to de-
liver forty billion murks gold bonds benr.
Ing Interest at I per cent, under terms to
bo fixed by the commission.
SHIPPING. The German government
recognizes the right of tho allies to the
i . . .! ... .:. .
. retmn-eiiicni, iun ur mri mra ciukr jor
from the allies are to bo restored within
two months, the amount of loss not cov
ered by such restitution to be made up
by tho cession of the German river fleet
up to 20 per cent thereof.
In order to effect payment by deliv
eries In kind, Germany Is required, for a
umiieu niimuer or years, varying in tne
case of each, to deliver coal, coal tar
products, dyestuffs and chemical drucs In
specific amounts to the repnratlnns com-
..lsulni. I'lm I'imimluuinn .vtiti. tin ..iri.tl.
I fy the conditions of delivery ns not to
intrrra nminiu u.itii r'..r,i.im'. in.i,,u.
trial requirements. The deliveries of coal
nre based largely upon the prlnclplo of
I tanking good diminutions In the nroduc-
tlon of tiie allied countries resulting from
thu ar,
DEVASTATED AREAS.-Oermany un
dertakes to devoto her economic re
sources directly to the physical restora
tion of the Invaded areas. Thu reparation
commission Is authorized to require Ger
many to replace thu destroyol articles by
thu delivery of auliunls, machinery, etc.,
existing In Germany, nnd to mnnufucturo
materials required for reconstruction pur
poses; all with duo consideration for Ger
many s essential domestic requirements,
Germnny Is to restore within six months
tne Koran or tne caiipn utiunan. former-
' A Imllttll .-. I,A 1.1... .. II...1I..M nn.l
MV .,IVM),,I.. ... !., I.II1K VI 4lllljlt, illlll
, lie skull of the Sultan Olcwawa, formerly
ii iteriiiiiu choi mikii, in
his Ilrlltmiilu
najesty'8 government. Tho German gov
irnment Is also to restore to the French
government certain papers taken by the
. At hftp ninrrnant f nut tn tn n . A
, ,
I aninn fltnn n anlwultll A nf nnvm.nla i e
... .it.i .....irn v-finti (ill.. ..ciium uiiilicd
German authorities In 1870, belonging then
to M. Reuher. and to restore the French
flags taken during the war of 1ST0 and
1&71.
FINANCES. Powers to which Gorman
territory Is ceded will assumo a cer
tain portion of the German prewar debt,
tho amount to bo fixed by the repara
tions commission on the basis of the
rntlo betwoen the revenue and of the
ceded territory nnd Germany's total rev
enues for tho three years preceding tho
war. In view, however, of the speclnl
circumstances under which Alsace-Lorraine
was separated from France In
1&I, when Germany refused to accept
any pnrt of the French public debt.
I-rnnco will not nssume any part of Ger
many s prewar debt there, nor will Po
land shnro In certain Germnn debtH In
curred for the oppression of Poland. If
thq vnliie of tho German public property
In ceded territory exceeds the amount
of debt assumed, tho states to which
property ceded will give credit on repara
tion for tho excess, with the exception
of Alsace-tAirralne. Mandatory powers
will not asMiimo any German debts or
give nny credit for German government
property. Germnny renounces nil rights
of representation on. or control of, state
banks, commission or other similar Inter
national financial and economic organizations.
Geimnny Is required to pay the total
rost of the nrmles or occupation from tho
"ate of the armistice as long as they nrt
maintained III llmnim Inrrilnrv. this I'll.
to bu u first charge on her resources. The
ost of reparation Is tbe next churge.
ufter making Htich provisions for liny
nents for Imports as the allies may diem
nerers-iry.
Germany is to deliver to the nllled
and associated powers all sums deposited
In Germany by Turkey and Anstila-IIun.
nary In connection with tho financial sup
port extended by her to them during the
war and to transfer to the ullles nil
claims against Austrln-Hungnrv. Bul
garia or Turkey in connection with ngree.
meats made during the wnr. Germany
-nnnritiH the renunciation nf the treaties
of Bucharest and Ilrest-Lltovsk.
tin tho request of tho repnrntlons com
mission Germany will expropriate nnv
rights or Interests of her nationals lit
public utilities In ceded territories or
thoe administered by mandatories, ond
In Turkey, China, Russia. Austria-Hungary
and Bulgaria, and transfer them to
the reparations commission, which will
credit her with their value.
Germnny guarantees to repay to Bra
zil the fund nrlslng from the sale of Sao
Paulo coffee which she refused to nllow
Brazil to withdraw from Germany
Section Eight Economic Clauses..
CI'STOMS. For a period of six months
Germnny shall Impose no tariff duties
higher thnn the lowest In force In 1314,
nnd for certain agricultural products,
wines, vegetable oils, nrtltlclnl silk nnd
Hashed or scoured wool this restriction
obtains for two and a half years or for
five years Unless further extended by the
lengue of nations. Germany must give
most fnvorcd nation treatment to the
nllled nnd associated powers. She shall
Impose no customs tariff for five years
on goods orlgtnntlng In Alsnce-Ixirralne
and for three years on goods originating
In former Germnn territory ceded to Po
land, with the right of observntlcn of a
slm.'!nr. exception for Luxemburg.
SHIPPINa-Shlps of tho allied nnd
associated powers shall for flvo years and
thereafter, under condition of reciprocity,
unless the lengue of nations otherwise
decides, enjoy tho same rights In German
ports ns German vessels nnd have most
favored nntlon treatment In fishing, coast
ing trade and townge, oven In territorial
waters. Ships of a country hnvlng no
seacoast mny bo registered nt some one
place within Its terrltorv.
PNFAIR COMPETITldN-Germany un
dertakes to give tho trade of the allied
and associated nnunrH niliwinnl. ..In.
'guards against unfair competition nnd In
i.n iu:umr 10 suppress tne use of fnlse
wrappings nnd markings and on condition
pf reciprocity to respect the laws and
Judicial decisions of allied and associated
states In respect of regionnl appellations
of wines nnd spirits.
TREATMENT OF NATIONALS.-Ger.
mnny shall Impose no exceptional taxes
or- restrictions upon the nntlonnls of the
allied and ndssoelnted states for a period
of five years and. unless tho league of na
tions acts, for an additional five years.
German nationality shall not contlnuu to
nttnch to a person who has become a
national of an allied or associated
state.
MULTILATERAL CONVENTIONS
Some forty multilateral conventions nre
renewed between Germany nnd the al
lied and associated powers, but special
conditions aro nttached to Germany's
readmlsslon to sevoral,
PREWAR DEBTS. A system of
clearing houses Is to bu crented within
three months, one In Germnny nnd ono
In each allied and associated state
which adopts the plan for tho payment
of prewar debts. Including those nrls
lng from contracts suspended by tho
wnr for the adjustment of tho proceeds
of the liquidation of enemy property nnd
the settlement of other obligations.
ENEMY PROPERTY. Germany shnll
restore or pay for all private enemy
property seized or damaged by her. tho
amount of damages to bo fixed by the
mixed arbitral tribunal. The allied and
associated states may liquidate Ger
man private property within their
lerriiiiries us compensation ror prop
erty of their natlonnlH not restored or
pnld for by Germany for debts owed
to their nationals by German na
tionals and for other clnlms ngalnst
Germany. Germnny Is to compensate
Its nntlonnls for such losses nnd to
deliver within six months nil docu
ments' relating to property held by Its
nationals in nuicii and associated statea.
All war legislation as to enemy property
rights and Interests Is confirmed and all
claims by Germany against tho allied or
associated governments for nets under
receptlonal war measures abandoned,
CONTRACTS Prewar contracts be
tween allied and associated nntlons, ex
cepting tho United States, Japan and Bra
zil, and German nationals, are canceled
except for debts for accounts already
performed, agreements for the tftinsfer
of property whero the property had al
ready passed, leases of land and houses,
contracts of mortgage, pledge or Hen,
mining concessions, contractu with gov
ernments nnd Insurance contracts.
Mixed arbitral tribunes shall be es
tablished of threo members, one chosen
by Germany, one by tho associated states
und the third by agreement, or fnlllng
which by tho president of Switzerland.
They shnll have Jurisdiction over all dis
putes ns to contracts concluded befnro
the present pence treaty.
INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY R1GHT8
Industrlnl, literary and artistic property
nre re-established, the special war meas
ures of thn allied and associated powers
are ratified and the right reserved to
Impose conditions on the use of German
patents nnd copyrights when In tho public
interest. Except as between tho United
States and Germany prewar licenses nnd
rights to sue for Infringements are can
celled. Section Nine.
OPIUM, Tho contracting powers ngree.
whether or not they have signed and
ratified the opium convention of January
3, 1912, or signed the speclnl protocol
opened nt The Hague In nccordnnce with
resolutions ndoptod by the third opium
conference In 1914, to bring the snld con
vention Into force by enacting within 12
months of the pence the necessary legisla
tion. RELIGIOUS MISSIONS.-The nllled nnd
associated powers agree that the proper
ties of religious missions In territories be
longing or ceded to them shall contlnuu
In their work under control of the powers.
Germany renouncing all claims in their
behalf.
Section Ten.
AERIAL NAVUXATION.-Atrcraft of
the allied and associated pjwers havo full
liberty of passage nnd landing over and
In German territory, equal treatment with
German planes as to uso of Germnn air
dromes, and with most favored nation
fiumes as to Internal commercial trafllc
n Germany. Germany ngrees to accept
allied certificates of nationality, air
worthiness or competency or licenses nnd
to apply the convention relative to aerial
navigation concluded between the allied
and associated powers to hor own aircraft
over her own territory. These rules apply
until 1923 unless Germany has since been
admitted to the leaguo of nations or to
the above convention.
Section Eleven. .
FRHEDOM OF TRANSlT.-Germnny
must grant freedom of transit through
her territories by mall or water to per
sons, goods, ships,' carriages, and malls
from or to any of tho allied or asso
ciated powers, without customs or transit
duties, unduo delays, restrictions or dis
criminations based on nationality, means
of transport, or place of entry or de
parture. Goods In transit shall be assured
all possible speed of Journey, especially
Serlshable goods. Germany may not
lvert trafllc from Its normal courso in
favor of her own transport routes or
mnlntaln "control stations'" In connection
with transmigration trnfllc. She may not
establish any tax discrimination against
the ports of allied or associated powers;
must grant tho latter's seaports all fac
tors, and reduced tarlfls granted her
own or other nationals, and afford tho
allied anil associated powers equal rights
with those of her own nationals In her
ports and waterways, save that she Is
free to open or closo her maritime coast
ing trade.
FREE ZONES IN PORTS-Freo zones
existing In Germnn ports on August 1,
1914, must be maintained with due facili
ties as to warehouse and packing, without
discrimination, nnd without charges ex
cept for expenses of administration nnd
use. Goods leaving tho rreo zones for
consumption In Germany and gootlH
brought Into tho free zones from .Ger
many shall bo Mlbject to the ordinary Im
port and export taxes.
INTERNATIONAL RIVERS-The Elbe
from the Junction of the Vltava, the Vl
tava from Prague, thu Oder from Oppa,
the Nlemen from Grodno and tho Danubo
from L'tm are declared International, to
gether with their connections. Tho ri
parian states must ensure good conditions
or navigation within their territories un-
less a tpecMt organization oxliif therefor,
Otherwlie appeal may liu had to a special
t tribunal of the It ague of nntlons. which
I ulsii mny nrrrtnge for a general Interna
tional watt rwavs euiivei Hon.
The Elbe and Odor uio to be placed
iiiidir International commissions to meet
within three mniitlw,
THE DANI'HE The European Dnnubo '
commission reassiimed Its prewar pow
ers, but for the time being with repre
sentatives of only Grent Britain, France,
Italy and Rnumnnla. The upper Danube
Is to be iidmlnlHlm'd by a new Internn
tloitnl commission until n definite statute
be drawn up- at a conference of tho pow-
era nominated by the allied and asso
ciated governments within one year ufler
the peace.
THE RHINE AND THE MOSELLE.
The Rhine Is p'need under the central
I'ominlss.nn tn meet at Strassbourg within
six months after the peace and to be com
posed of four representatives of France,
which shnll In addition select the presi
dent, four of Germany, nnd two each of
Great Britain, Italy, Belgium, Swltzcr
land, nnd the Netherlands
Section Twelve.
RAILWAYS. Germnny In nddltlnn
to most favored nation trentment on
her railways, agrees to co-operate In
the establishment of through ticket
services for passengers and bnggnge;
tn Insure communication by rail be
tween the nllled, nssnelnted nnd other
states; to nllow construction or Im
provement within twenty-five years of
such lines as necessary and to con
form her rolling stock to enable Its In
corporation In trains of tho nllled or
nssoclnted powers. Shu also agreea to
accept the deniinclntlou of the Gothnrd
convention If Hvltzerlnnd nnd Italy
request, and temporarily to execute
Instructions ns to tho transport of
troops nnd supplies nnd the establish
ment of postal and telegraphic service,
as provided.
CZECHO-SLOVAKIA. To assure
Czecho-Slnvakla access to the sea, spe
cial rights are given her both north
nnd south, Townrd the Adrlntlc sho
Is permitted to run her own through
trains to Flume nnd Trieste. To tho
north Germany Is to lease her for 99
years spaces In Ilnmburg nnd Stettin,
the details to bo worked out by a com
mission of three representing Czecho
Slnvnkln. Germnny and Great Britain.
THE KIEL CANAK The Kiel canal
In tn remain freo und open to wnr nnd
merchant ships of all nntlons nt penco
with Germany, subject, goods nnd ships
of nil states are to bo treated on termH
of nbsoliito equality, and no taxes to
be Imposed beyond thosp necessary for
upkeep nnd Improvement for which
Germany Is to bo responsible. In ense
of vlolntlon nf or disagreement ns to
those provisions, nny state may appeal
tn tho league of nntlons, und mny do?
mnnd the nppnlntmeiit of an Interna
ttonnl commission. For prcltmlnnry
hearing of complaints Germnnv shnll
establish a local authority at Kiel.
Section Thirteen.
INTERNATIONAL LABOR ORGANI
ZATION Members of tho league of na
tions ngrco to establish a permanent or
gnnlzntlnn to promote international ad
justment of labor conditions, to consist
of nn annual International labor confer
ence and an International labor office.
The former Is composed of four rep
resentatives of each state, two from tho
government und ono each from the em
ployers and the employed; each of them
may vote Individually. It will be n de
liberative legislation body, .Its measures
taking the form of draft conventions or
recommendations for legislation, which
if passed by two-thirds vote must bo sub
mitted to the law-making authority In
every stato participating. Each govern
ment may enact the terms Into law; ap
provo tho principle, but modify them -to
local needs; leave the actual legislation
In case of a federal state to locnl legis
latures, or reject thn convention altogeth
er without further obligation.
The International labor office Is es
tablished nt the seat of tho leaguo of
nntlons nnd part of Its organization. It
Is to collect nnd distribute Information on
labor throughout the world and prepare
agenda for tho conference.
It will publish a periodical In French
nnd English and possibly other lun
gunges. Each state agrees to mnko to It
for presentation to the conference nn nn
nunl report of measures taken to executo
nerepted conventions.
The first meeting nf the conference
will take placo In October., 1919. nt
Washington tn discuss the clpht-hour
day or 4S-hour week; prevention of
unemployment: extension nnd ap
plication of the Internntlonal conven
tions ndopted at Berno In 190G prohlb- ,
Itlng" night work for women nnd the
use of white phosphorus In tho mnn
ufr.cturo of mntches; nnd the employ
ment of women nnd children nt night
or In unhealthy work, of women before
and nfter childbirth. Including mater
nity benefit, nnd of children as regards
minimum ngc.
Section Fourteen.
GUARANTEES. As n guarantee for tho
execution of the trenty German territory
to the west of the Rhine, tosether with
the bridgeheads, will to occupied by allied
and nssoclnted troops for IB years' period
If the conditions are faithfully carried out
by Germany, certain districts. Including
the bridgehead of Cologne, will be evac
uated at the expiration of tlvo years; cer
tain other districts. Including the brldge
hcad of Coblenz, nnd tho territory nearest
the Belgian frontier, will be evacuated
after ten years, and the remnlnder. In
cluding the bridgehead of Mainz, will bo
evacuated after 1I years. In case the
Interallied reparation commission finds
that Germnny has failed to observe the
whole or part of her obligations, either
during the occupation or nfter the 15
years havo expired, the whole or part
of the areas specified will be reoccupled
Immediately. If beforo tho expiration of
the IB years Germany complies with all
tho treaty undertakings, the occupying
forces will bo withdrawn Immediately.
EASTERN EUROPE. - All German
troops nt present In territories to tho east
of the now frontier shall return as soon
ns the nllled and nssoclnted governments
deem wise. Thoy nro to abstain from
nil requisitions nnd nro In no way tn In
terfere with measures for national de
fense taken by the government concerned.
All questions regarding occupation not
provided for by the treaty will bo regu
lated bya subsequent convention or con
ventions which will havo similar forco
nnd effect.
Section Fifteen.
MISCELLANEOUS, Germnny ngrees to
recognize tho full validity of tho treaties
of peace and additional conventions to bo
concluded by tho allied and associated
powers with the powers allied with Ger
many, to ugreo to the decisions to bo
taken as to tho territories of Austria
Hungary. Bulgaria and Turkey nnd tn
recognize the new states In tho frontiers
to be llxed for them.
Germnny agrees not to put forwnrd nny
pecunlnry claims against nnv allied or
associated power signing the present
trenty bnsed on events previous to the
coming Into force of the treaty.
Germany accepts nil decrees as to
German ships nnd goods made by any
nllled or associated prize court. Tho allies
reserve tho right to examine nil decisions
or German prlzo courts. Tho present
treaty, of which tho French and British
texts nre both authentic, shall bo ratified
and tho depositions of ratifications mado
In Paris as soon as possible.
The treaty Is to become effective
In nil respects for each power on the
date of deposition of Its ratification.
?
(
) A
I
W'
n
r
"- -4 X '
fW SsV i
out . T AAA. V
"'JVWlfc-flaW-''3
H-ii "- -af-"s imtmi---x itt-mtv -)
