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SJL FAMOUS DOCTOR'S
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rain a rrisoner
Before Felix
Sunday ScJiool Leison for Oct, 17, 1S0D
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Specially Atrangod for TWs Taper
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fTnt-a .HKIlK liml boon soiau dispute
I J I ns? to what cotiBtltutod tho
tedsol boiindnry o tho country
l&cKsrtl bought tioin Husala by tliu
United States In 18G7, but until tho
real a I tie of tho tonltory wan known,
no one cat i'd. Tho minors ot tho early
days managed very well with an u
nroNlmuto boundary They hold min
ers' iniH-tliigsi and any decision
reached by them constituted tho law.
. I'or tho opening up of Alaska wo ate
Indebted to tho panic of of ISO!!.
Thioughout the west the haidler spir
its pi cloned to bin vo the dangers of
that almost unknown region than to
accept the starvation wages then of
fered. Tin y know that grubstakes
V 7A rm iuF 'I MAX )y
-2j&z ' Wis-'fM
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y w'--' wxtfjtfth sxahf-"i ma- 'j' v i
ALOVG
siL uvrtM -j3?oy2rr vdfrvMerr?
and independence wore to be found on tho bara
of tho Forty Mile, tho Stewart, and at Circlo
City.
With tho Increase of population enmo tho rep
resentatives of tho American and Canadian gov
ernments, custom-houses wore established and
court decisions took tho place of tho rudo jus
tico dispensed by minors' meetings. With tho
new order of things camo also tho necessity or
a determined line between the two countries.
Tho United States claimed, under the old Huh
elan treaty, a lino running up Portland canal to
tho fiGth parallel of north latitude, thence to fol
low tho summit of the coast range to Its inter
section with tho 111st meridian. In tho absence
of a deflnito mountain lango near the coast, tho
lino was to bo not more than ton maiine leagues
distant from tide water.
Cnnadn claimed that tho lino should follow tho
coast range paralleling tho general contour of
the coast, and cutting across all inlets and llords.
There wero other contentions of minor Impor
tance, but tho real ttoublo was that Canada
thought she was entitled to a seaport which
would allow of shipments through Canadian ter
ritory to tho now valuable Klondike.
Ah to the 111st meridian being tho rest of tho
boundary, thero was no dispute This lino starts
at a ridgo of Mount Saint Ellas and runs through
to Demarcation Point on tho Arctic ocean.
Maps showing a strip of land nlong tho coast
wero mnde, archives wore rummaged, every avail
able bits of history and tradition were searched,
nnd tho wholo mass submitted as evidence to a
tribunal of thrco Americans, two Canndians, and
one Kngllshmnn, which mot in London In IDOtf.
Tho sifting of tho ovldenco required three months.
Tho opposing counsel helped by the geographic
experts put forth their best arguments, a vote
was taken, and tho result showed four to two for
tho United Statos, the lord chlof Justlco of Eng
land, Lord Alverstono, casting his vote with tho
Americans.
Naturally tho Canadian representatives felt
greatly disappointed, but tho ovldenco wns too
conclusive to allow of any othor outcome.
Then camo tho question of what mountains con
Btltuted tho coast rnngo. In places a compro
mise was effected departing slightly from tho
clnims of tho United States.
It was decided that certain woll-dollnod peaks
on tho mountains fringing tho coast should con
stitute tho main points on tho boundary. Lord
Alvorstono, wloldlng a bluo poncll, marked on tho
mnps what appeared to tho tribunal to bo the
proper mountains. Tho mombera of the tribunal
wero all eminent jurists, but this did not mako
thorn proficient In tho Intricacies of contour mapB,
and tho advlco of tho experts was constantly re
quested. The location of tho boundary was left to two
commlslsoncrs, Mr. O. H. Tlttmann, superintend
ent of tho coast and gcodotlc survey, for tho
United Statos, and Dr. W, F. King, chief Domin
ion astronomer, for Canada.
Wherever tho blue-pencil mark appears on tho
map, this point without any recourse Is a boun
dary point, oven though a higher and better point
niny bo but a short dlsta'nco away.
To follow tho sinuosities of tho mountain
ranges In this country would bo hopeless, so tho
commissioners will probably decldo that a
strnlght lino connecting tho various bluo-ponclled
points shall constltuto tho boundary.
Tho actual demarcation of tho boundary, to bo
satisfactory to both governments, must bo dono
Jointly. By this It Is not meant that thero is a di-
si
t.Xkuhdl
fMftmwtmwiM'...wjr'j . A. er"Tv"' V . ""'' .
X,
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or being able to throw himself down
to rest and onjoy tho glorious pan
orama, thero Is lmmodlato work to
bo done, and a few clouds hovering
over some distant mountain, Instead
of lending beauty to tho view, may
send tho poor surveyor behind some
sh'ltorlng rock to wait, shivering
with cold, until morning will allow
him to take up his stand by tho
theodolite and complete his observa
tions On the 111st meridian an astro
nomic longltudo was determined at
a point on the Yukon liver. Ameri
can nnd Canadian nstronomers
woiked together, bringing time over
the wires both from Henttle and
Vancouver An nzlinuth was then
observed and this azimuth is lie-
r7ryc7 10147yrjiGF ?j?a ; d
VYYl G
vision of labor In ev
ery party. There aro
American parties and
Canadian parties, and
with each locating par
ty, or party which de
cides on the line, go
representatives or the
other g o v o r n m e n t.
Thero aro line-cutting
parties, leveling par
ties topographic parties,
trlangulatlon parties,
and monumentlng par
ties, which work separ
ately, their work being
such that Joint repre
sentation is not always
necessary, as tho lino
will bo subject to in
spection at some later date. Theso parties ro
port yearly to tho commissioner or their respec
tho governments. Tho commissioners moot
sometimes in Washington nnd sometimes in Otta
wa, and either accept or reject the work dono by
the field pnrtles. Their decision Is final.
Tho mngnitudo or tho task is llttlo understood
except by those closely connected with tho work.
Thero nro GOO miles or boundnry from Portlnnd
canal up tho coast to Mount St. Ellas, whero it
hooks around on to tho 141st meridian and shoots
for another GOO miles straight north to the Arctic
ocean.
All tho land lying nlong tho boundary must bo
mapped on an accurate Bcalo, and a strip of top
ography four miles wido must bo run tho entlro
length of tho Hist meridian; peaks which can
not bo climbed, or rathor thoso which would take
too long nnd would bo too oxpenslvo to scale,
must bo determined geodotlcnlly; vlBtas 20 feet
In width must bo cut through tho timbered val
leys, and monuments must bo set up on tho
routes of travel and wherever a possible need for
them may occur.
Tho field season Is short, lasting only from
Juno to tho latter part of September, and along
tho coast operations aro constantly hlndored by
rain, snow, and fog. Rivers abounding in rapid
and quicksands havo to be crossed or nscend
ed. A man who has never had tho loop of a track
ing lino around his shoulders llttlo knows tho
dead monotony or lining n boat up a swift Alas
kan river with nothing to think or but tho dull
acho In his tired muscles nnd tho sharp digging
or the rope into his chared shoulders.
Vast glaciers nro to bo crobsed, with their dan
ger of hidden crevasses. Moro than one surveyor
hns had tho snow sink suddenly beneath his feet,
nnd has been saved only by tho rope tying him
to his comrades. Sovornl Irnvo boon saved by
throwing their nlplno stocks ciobswIso of tho gap,
and ouo, whllo crossing tho Ynkutat glacier with
n pack on his buck, caught only on his extended
nrms. High mountains must bo climbed; if they
aro not tho boundary poaks themsolvis, they must
be high enough to boo tho boundnry peaks over
tho intervening summits.
And thoso climbs aro not tho organized expedi
tions of an Alpine club, with but ono mountain to
conquer, but dally routlno. Heavy theodolites and
topographic cameras must bo carried, and Instead
. .?S2S, d? ,.
. . nmi '" mMMii.iumn miiiWHI mfciMMIIfi
7JL0Ff YZKf J G.J7CJT& OVTIF jQJ.S:f ?YEF?
ing prolonged In its straight shoot acrosB tho penln
suln. This lino has been accepted as the Hist mo
rldlnn and consequently tho boundary. It has boon
run Into tho mountains fringing the Pacific coast.
Topography, trlangulatlon, line-cutting, nnd monu
mentlng nro now being carried along the located
line.
For tho present tho lino will not run to Mount St.
Ellas. It would bo posslblo, but not practical, to
run It across tho Intervening 80 miles of snow and
ice nnd towering mountain ranges. To complete
this part of tho boundary tho uso of an airship Is
contemplated.
In tho interior tho difficulties of tho work nro
changed. Long wooded stretches, Interrupted by
barren ridges, take tho place or glaciers and crag
gy mountains. In placo or snow fields thero nro
heart-brenking "nlgger-hend" awninps to bo crossed,
whero tho puck-horse becomes mired nnd exhaust
ed and the temper or man Is tried to tho breaking
point. Supplies havo to bo ferried across tho liv
ers on log rafts, whllo the horses swim.
Thero Is no longer tho guiding lino or tho coast
to Tollow, and tho surveyor must rely on his in
stinct for topography and on woodcrart to pilot him
through an unbroken wilderness.
The Inconveniences or transportation havo to Vo
overcome, nnd year by year they aro becoming
woreo as tho work carries us each year farther
from tho Yukon with its steamers. For tho season
of 1009 tho Amorlcan party of 30 men will havo to
walk U00 miles beforo they can even start work.
Then tho topographer with his theodolite triOB to
mako up tor lost time. Regular hours for work
aro Ignored. A day's work is reckoned as ton
hours, ir tho work can bo dono in that tlmo; ir not
well, in midsummer tho dnys aro 2-1 hours lonjs.
Holidays and Sundays bee tho same old routine
even the Fourth or July. .
Usually bases or supply aro established at cor
tain known points before tho opening of tho soa
eon. These nro called "caches." Mistakes in tho
locntlng of a cacho aro sometimes mnde, nnd Inst
Benson ono surveyor In consoquonco or such a mlB
take wns without food for two days, finally reach
ing another camp in rathor disheveled condition. It
bo happened that this other party was moving
south toward tho samo cacho and was on short ra
tlons; so nothing remnlned to do but boat a hur
ried retreat GO miles northward, arriving nt an
othor baso with belt ptOJed in to tht last notcn.
Mi iin'iy
I i;sn ti:t ,ih .i
M li f . i "(
(lt) HI'N TrT ' II. nlii il.) I fnt1n
tiMtnlr lii liiw nluaH a Minv, iui t ,,hl
or irtiiit.i tow. in i dmi, ami luuui.i nirn "
- A, tM J( If,
TIMi: Spiini- 0f a n n" or "S. anil tho
Umi sin i n iIiiik .nM
I'l.ACi: - (Vhiik i mi tin. McilliorrnniMti,
the Until ui (apltul nf ,1ml. a.
Suggestion and Practical Thought.
I'loHlng Scenes In Saint I'mil'is Life
1. The Journey Tow aid Homo by
Sea fioin Malta. Vh 1111 In our
last lesson we saw Paul and his com
pnnloii'i ministering to the nick In
Malta, ami receiving mau honor.!
from the guileful Inhabitants ' They
had lost ou'rj thing In the wreck, and
wero in need of mini tilings.
Eaily In the spring they embarked
In niiiilhcr ship fuuii Egypt, named
the Dloseuti, or The Twin lliothers or
Caster and Pollux who weie tho twin
brothers.
The First Lauding wnii made at Sy
racuse, the capital f siclly, 80 to
100 miles sail from Malt.-i linn.
j they lenialned lliiee da.vs Piom Sv
rueuse they made a wide circuit,
which requlicii fioquont tacking or
allot ntlon or the ship's course on ne
count or head winds, nnd "by good
Honniunshlp "were able to work up to
Ilhcglum.
Tho Third Landing wan at Pnteolt,
tho seaport of Home, though 150 miles
nvvny.
Here they re-nnlned seven dnvs.
II. Tho Journey by Land, nnd' tho
Heceptlon by tho Hoinan Christians.
Vs. 15-22. First. Front Puteoll they
marched IIII miles befoie they reached
tho famous Applan Way, the great
military road fiom Homo to southern
Italy.
Flfty-sovon miles fnither nlong thin
road they came to Appll Forum, I.e.
tho Market of Applus.
Hero tho Hist delegation of Homan
Christians met Paul nnd welcomed
him to tho city.
Second. Thrco Taverns. (V. 15)
"And Tho thrco taverns," thirteen
miles beyond Appl Forum, on tho Ap
plnn Way, and .10 miles from Homo.
Hero n second dolegntlon mot Paul
and his companions.
"Whom when Paul saw, ho thanked
Cod, and took courage." The words
Imply thnt Paul had been depressed
in spirit.
Pnul Encouraged. When Paul was
met nnd greeted by tho Christians of
Homo, his heart was lifted out of its
depression.
Hec.eptlon at Homo. Pnul was de
livered to tho authorities at Home,
but (v. 1G) he "was siiffoiod (permit
ted) to dwell by himself" "In IiIb own
hired house" "with a soldier that kept
him."
III. Paul's Life nnd Work nt Home.
Vs. 28-31. First. Paul's Work
Through tho Soldiers. Tho soldiers
which gunrded Paul wero "from tho
Imperial guard." tho flmvnr r n.
Ronum army.
Second. Ills Work Among tho
.Tows. Ily mutual arrangement on an
appointed day tho Jews camo to his
lodging, and Paul expounded the gos
pel of tho kingdom, (v. 2.'!) "porsuad
ing them concerning Jesus" out of tho
Scriptures acknowledged by nil ns
true.
20. "Healing ye shall hear, and
shall not undemtnnd." They should
hear tho words with tho outward or
gans or henring, but they would not
understand the renl meaning and pow
er of tho woids. "And seolng yo shall
see, nnd not perceive."
27. "Their eyes havo they closed."
Thoy themselves refused to henr and
seo, bccntiBo thoy wero unwilling to
ranko tho change In their lives which
would bo required. "And Bhould bn
converted," "should turn round, and
go back again," us God was anxious
they should. "And I should heal
thorn," of their sin and dullness and
disobedience. They did not wish to
bo honied.
Third. Ills Work Among tho Gen
tiles. 30. For "two whole years,"
Paul received nil who camo to "his
own hired house"
31. "Pronching tho kingdom or God,"
its truths rovealed, its motives, its
righteousness, Its UBcMIness, its hopes
itB Immortal lire, all or which como
through tho Lord Jesus Christ tho
ovorlnstlng Saviour, tho Son or God
nnd tho Son or Mnn.
Fourth. Work; Epistles to tho
iwiurcncB. Four epistles, thoso to
Philemon, Epheslans, Colosslnns, nnd
tho Phlllpplans woro probably writ
ten during this cnptlvity: Titus and 1
Timothy nrtor his rcleaso, and 2 Tim
othy during his second Imprlsonmont,
not long beforo his mnrtyrdom.
After several years of offectlvo la
bor, Pnul was again apprehended, and
brought a second tlmo ns n prisoner
to Homo. Tradition plncos his impris
onment in tho dungeon of tho Mnnier-
tino prison. "This was tho Hastllo
or tho old world." Hero Jugurtha, tho
African king who wnrrcd against
Home, starved to death (D. C. 104).
Tho Acts woro probably completed
at this tlmo.
IV. Tho Closing Years of Paul's
Lire. Tho Acts closes with tho two
yeare or Paul's Imprisonment. Unt it
is generally bollecvcd that his death
wns several years lator. Euseblus tho
historian (A. D. 2CI-319) states tho
common bollof of tho early churches
in theso words: "After defending him
self successrully it is currently report
ed thnt tho apostlo again wont forth
to proclaim tho gospel, nnd nftervvnrd
camo to Romo a second tlmo and vvaa
martyred under Nero.
rARRH0rST0MAfflf
LATER REALIZATION
"I don't seo why you mako such a
fuss over every llttlo bill I mn up. Be
fore wo wero mnrrlod you told mo
you woro well off."
"So I was. Hut I didn't know it!"
Poverty and Consumption.
That poverty Is n friend to consump
tion is demonstrated by some recent
German statistics, which show that of
10,000 well to do persons 10 annually
die or consumption; of tho nntno num
ber only moderately well-to do, GG; of
tho same number of really poor, 77;
and of paupers, 97. According to John
Hums, tho famous English labor lead
er, 00 per cent, of tho consumptives In
London receive charitable relief In
their homes.
How's This?
Wo offer Ono llumlrol !nlliri nrwuril for M17
nup nt CuUrrli U1.1t cannot to cunil by Hall's
Catarrh Curt!.
r J. rur.NUY a co Toicio. o.
Wp, the timlenlKiicil. limn Known r. J. I'limov
tor (ho lat IS joint, nml In Moo Mm ixrtrctly lion-
omtiln In nil Ininliiiiu trniimrtlaiui nml financially
Bblo to carry nut nuy ohtlrnl lotui inailo hy tin firm.
Waldinu, Iuwas a Maiivin, '
W liolwjlo DniKiiUiW. Toledo. O.
Hull's Ctilnrrh Cum In Liken Internally, netlng
directly upnn Urn IiIihhI nml iiiucoiii Hirficra of tba
Htem 'liMliniihlnl sent free, l'rlro 75 cents vtl
lioltle. HnM li nil Drunitlats
lako Hall's family l'llla for rnnstlpatloa.
Secret of Happiness.
I havo lived to know that the great
secret of human happiness is this:
Never mi Iter your energies to stag
nate. Tho old adago ot "loo mnny
lions in tho llro" conveys nn untruth
you cannot havo too many poker,
tongs and nil keep them going.
Adam Clark.
iiavi: voir en 11.111.A inn?
If mi. vim will in Iniiiin l'nrry lnvln I'lUnklllor.wlth
IfSMMitlilnKiitiil In iiltiik'ilTi-i t. Ku illy kiiwI fur rlmu
jijutl8m,luinlii;oor fruit liltiis. 1 11 2jc, ,13c, M)u bottlns,
Smith So tho will was read?
Jones Ybj but tho air was blue,
Mnuv who iitnl tn Hitiokn lOcciBaimue now
hiuoking Lciuu' (iiiiKlu Hinder btrnight 5c.
Tho only way to got homothlng for
nothing Is to stnrt a light nbout It.
Dr.I'lorrn'sI'li'iMint IVIli ts rrrilato nnd Inrlij
nniln Miiinicli, liver iiiul iiiiwi'tH HUKiir-ooutcd.
tluv urunulos, insr tu Inkn ns lumlv.
After breaking a $5 bill tho pieces
are soon lost
Nebraska Directory
MARSEILLES GRAIN ELEVATORS
urn the lii-Mti InHlit 1111 liming tlicm
Ask utir lot-nl dealer, or
JOHN DEERE PLOW CO.
OMAHA
CORNELL ENGRAVING GO.
Half Time.s and Line KtchliiKH. Now nnil cum
ploteciiKriiMiiKi'l'Hit. '-'I9N. Iltliht .Lincoln.
FULL LINE OF PHOTO SUPPLIES
LUMBER
Let us mako you figures on jour bill.
Good grades, quick blupmeat and low
prices. Direct to consumer.
F.W.Brown Lumber Co., Lincoln, Neb.
SOUTH DAKOTA
Improved nnd unimproved farms In eastern
tioutli D.ikutu tor Hiilo on
CROP PAYMENTS or 10 YEARS TIME
Will erect bnlldltiKH on uny form on name enny
terms. I'rlce MO to 4IU per acre. Tor lints,
mnim.ctc .iiddresa ALEX. H. RAIT, rarmer &
MercbanU' Bld 1 Sth and OSU., Lincoln. Neb.
PIANO BARGAINS
UbcJ nnd SronniMmnil. Wo offer some of Am
crk'H'Hlendlnttuiiikos nt Ii-hh than linlf price.
Klmlmll. (ISO. Fisher. 175. KliiBHlmry,tltt
Bteer, tSDS. Mueller, IIW. Arion,fl57.
8CHMOLLER & MUELLER PIANO CO.
KUubllsliod lft'J
133 S. Ilth Street Lincoln, Nebraska
Beatrice Creamery Co.
Pajrn the highest price for
CREAM
HERBERT E. GOOCH CO.
DROKERS AND DEALERS
drain, Provl.loni, Stocki, Cotton
Main Office, 204-205 Fraternity Did.
uncoin, nenra.Ka.
Dell Thono 513 Auto Phone M53
earnest House In Htate.
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