cM
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1 t wiT'yw('wjtwfW
f
I ELS OF
NEEDS OF FARMER
SITUATION AS SEEN BY
COMMISSION ON COUN
TRY LIFE.
DEFICIENCIES POINTED OUT
Agriculture at Present Not Commer
cially as Profitable a. It la En
titled to Bo Highly Organized
Rural Society Recommended at De
sirable Step Possible for Congress
to Remove Many of the Handicaps.
Wushlngton. Tho report of tho
commission on country life, made to
the president, wns read In both houses
of congress. Substantially the re
port was as follows:
To the President: The commission
on country llfo herewith pn-sunls Its
roprut. Tho commission llmlH tluit
nKtlctilturo In tho United Ht.iteH, taken
together, Ih prosperous commercially,
when measured ty the conditions that
havo obtained In previous yenrs, al
though there arc Home rcKlons In
which tills Is only p.irtlnlly true. Tho
I'ountry people ute proilitcltifc vast
itiautl tlcK of suppllcH for food, shelter,
clothing, and for use In the nrts. The
country homes are liupiovlnir In com
fort, attract! vencss and liculthfulticss.
Not only In the materlul wealth that
they produce, but In tho mipply of In
dependent und strong citizenship, tho uj;
ilcultural people constitute the very
.-foundation of our nallonnl efllcluncy.
Am nKrlculturo Is the linmedlatu hauls
or country life, ho It follows that the
ijt'iieial affairs of the open country,
HpeakltiK bru.ully, are In si condition
'of Improvement.
Most Prominent Deficiencies.
Tot It Ih true, notwithstanding all
this progress as measured by his
torical standards that apiculture Is
not commercially iim prontahlo as It Ih
entitled to ho for the labor and energy
that the farmer expends and tho rlslH
that he assumes, and that the social
conditions In the open country are far
uhort of their possibilities. Wo must
measure our agricultural eillclency by
tho possibilities rather than by com
parison with previous conditions. Tho
farmer Is almont uecesMiirlly handi
capped In tho development of his busi
ness, because his capital Is small and
the volume of his transactions limited;
and he usually Hiatal practically
alone against organized Intercuts. In
tho general readjustment of modern
llfo duo to the great changes In mnnii
i.iictuivn and commerce. Inequalities
REPOR
xyv- .tun (jiHuritninauons nave arisen, ami
.6f llti tllH..ll, ,1... u..r... .. ... ..... u.ifr.,u
., vi, ill, 3 iiiu r. miniv i...,ii nu(ii
"lost. The unattached man has prob
lems that government should under
stand. The reasons for the lack of u, highly
xiganlred rural society are very many,
as the full report explains. The lead
ing specific causes are:
A lack of knowledge'on the part of
furmers of the exact agricultural con
ditions nnd possibilities of their re
gions; U-iek of good training for country
life In the schools;
I.nck of good highway facilities;
Tho widespread continuing deple
tion of soils, with the Injurious effect
on rural life;
A general neeil of new and active
leadership.
Other causes contributing to thci
general result are: Ijiek of any axle
Miiate system of agricultural credit,
whereby tho farmer may readily se
cure loans on fair terms;, tho short
age of labor, a condition that Is often
complicated by Intemperance among
workmen; lack of Institutions Hind in
centives that tie the laboring man to
the soil; the burdens and the narrow
life of farm women; lack of adequate
riiipervlslon of public health.
Nature of the Remedies.
Rome of thoremedles Ho with tho tin"
tlonal government, some of them with
tho states and communities In their
corporate capacities, some with volun
tary organizations, and some with In
dividuals acting alono. From the great
number of suggestions that have been
made, covering every phase of country
life, the commission now enumerates
those that Bcem to bo most funda
mental .or most needed nt tho present
time.
Congress ran remove some of the
handicaps of the farmer, and it can
also set some kinds of work In motion
hucIi as:
Tho encouragement of a system of
thorough-going surveys of nil agricul
tural regions In order to take stock
and to develop a selcntillcally and
economically sound country life;
Tho establishing of u nationalized
system of extension work In rural
communities through all the land
grant colleges with tho peoplo nt their
homes and on their fnrins;
A thorough-gnlug investigation by
experts of tho middleman system of
handling farm products, coupled jvlth
a general Inquiry Into the farmer's
disadvantages In respect to taxation,
transportation rates, co-operation or
ganizations und credit, am! the gen
eral business system;
An Inquiry Into the control and use
of tho streams of the United States
with the object of protecting tho peo
ple In their ownership and of saving
to agricultural uses such bonetlts as
Mhould be reserved for these purposes;
The establishing of a hlgliway en
glnoorlngHorvIco, or equivalent organi
zation, to be at the call of the ntatcs
in working out effective and econom
ical highway systems;
The establishing of a system of
parcels post anil- postal savings
banks;
Anil providing soma means or
agency for the guldanco of public
opinion townrd the development of n
real rural society that shall rest di
rectly on tho land.
Other remedies recommended for
consideration by vnngre.su are;
The enlargement of tho United
States bureau of education, to enable
it to stimulate, and co-ordlnato tho ed
ucational work of the nation;
Careful attention to the farmers'
Interests In legislation nu tho tariff,
on regulation of railroads, control or
regulation of corporations and of spec
ulation, legislation In rcNpect of liv
ers, forests, and the utilization of
swamp lands;
Increasing the powers of the fed
sral government In respect to tho
supervision and control of the public
health;
Providing such regulations ns will
citublo the states that do not permit
the sale of liquors to protect tlicin
helvcR from tralllc from adjoining
ntatcs.
In setting all these forces in motion,
the co-oporatlon of the states will be
necessary: and In many cases definite
state laws may greatly aid tho work.
ltcmedles of u more general nature
are: A broad campilgn of publicity,
that must be undertaken until alt tho
people are informed on the whole sub
ject of rural life, end until there Is nu
awakened appreciation of the Jiecos
sity of giving this phase of our na
tional development as much attention
an has been given to other phases or
Interests; a quickened sense of re
sponsibility, In all the country people,
to the community and tin state In tho
conserving of soil fertility, anil In the
necessity for diversifying farming In
order to conserve this fertility nnd to
develop a MMter nirnl society, nnd
also In the better safe-guarding of tho
strength and happiness of the farm
women; n morn widespread conviction
of tho necessity of orgnnlxatlou, not only
for economic but for social pur
poses, this organization to be more or
less co-operative, so that all the people
may share equally In the benefits and
have voice In the essential affairs of
the community: n realization on the
part of tho farmer that he has a dis
tinct natural responsibility towatd tho
laborer In providing him with good
living facilities, and In helping htm In
every way' to be a man among men;
and a realization ou the part of all
ti.o peoplo of tr. obligation to protect
and develop the natural scenery and
attractiveness ol the opeit country.
Underlying Problem of Country Life,
The commission has pointed out a
number of remedies that are extreme
ly Important: but running through nil
of these remedies are several great
forces or principles, which must bo
utilized in the endeavor to solve tho
problems of country life. All tho peo
ple should recognize what these fun
damental forces and agencies are.
Knowledge. To Improve any situ
ation, the underlying facts must be un
derstood, The farmer must have ex
net knowledge of his business and of
the peculiar conditions under which
ho works. The I'lilted Htates depart
ment of agriculture and the experi
ment stations and colleges are rapidly
acquit lug anil dlsti Uniting this knowl
edge; but the farmer may not be able
to apply It to the best advantage be
cause of lack of knowledge of his own
soils, oilman, animal and plant ills-"
eases, markets, and other local facts.
The farmer Is entitled to know what
an the advantages and disadvantages
of his conditions and environment. A
thorough-going system of surveys In
detail of the exact conditions under
lying farming In every locality Is now
nn Indispensable need to complete and
apply the work of the great agiicul
tural Institutions. As an occupation,
agriculture Is a means of developing
our Internal resouiccs; wo cannot de
velop these resouiccs until we know
exuetly what they arc.
lMilcatlnn. Theio must be not only a
fuller scheme of public education, but a
new kind of education adapted to
tho real needs of the farming peo
ple. The country schools are to be so
tcdlreeted that they shall educate their
pupils In terms of the dally life. Op
portunities for training toward tho
agricultural colleges me to be multi
plied and made broadly effective.
Every person on tho land, old or
young. In school or out of school, edu
cated or illiterate, miibt huve a chanco
to receive the Information necessary
Tor a successful business, nnd for a,
healthful, comfortable, resourceful life,
both III home und nelghboihood. This
means redoubled efforts for better
country schools, nnd n vastly Increased
Interest In the welfare of country boys
and girls on the part of those who
pay the school taxes. TCducatlnn by
means of agriculture Is to be a part
of our regular public school work.
Special agricultural schools are to bo
organized. There Is to bo a well-developed
plan of extension teaching
conducted by tho agricultural colleges,
by means of tho printed page, face-to-faco
talks, and demonstration or ob
ject lesson, designed to reach every
farmer and his family, at or near their
homes, with knowledge and stimulus
in every department of country life.
Organization. There must be a vast
enlargement ofvoluntary nrgnntzed ef
fort among farmers themselves. It la
Indispensable that farmers shall work
together for their common Interests
nnd for the national welfare. If they
do not do ibis, no governmental activi
ty, no legislation, not ovon hotter
schools, will greatly avail. The farm
ers are nevertheless iclatlvely unor
ganized. Wo have only begun to do
velop business co-operotlon In Ameri
ca. Farmers do not Inlluence legisla
tion as they should. They need n moio
fully organized social and recreatlvo
life.
Spiritual Forces. Tho forces aiut
Institutions that make for morality
and spiritual Ideals among rural peo
plo must bo energized. AVe miss tho
heart of tho problem if wo neglect to
foster personal character and neigh
borhood righteousness. The best way
to preserve Ideals for private conduct
and public life Is to build up tho Insti
tutions of religion. The church has
great power of leadership. The whole
people should understand that It is
vitally Important to stand behind tho
rural church nnd to help It to becomo
a grent power In developing concrete
country life Ideals. It Is especially
Important thnt the country church rec
ognize that it has a social responsibili
ty to the entire community ns well aa
u religious responsibility to Its own
group of people.
Recommendations of the Commission.
Tho commission recommends all tho
correctives that have been mentioned
under the head of "The nature of tho
remedies." It does not wish to dis
criminate between Important meas
ures of relief for existing conditions.
It has purposely avoided Indorsing
any particular bill now before con
gress, no matter what Its value or ob
ject There are, however. In the opinion
of tho commission, two or three gieut
movements of tho utmost consequence
that should be set under way at tho
earliest posslbln time, becauso they
am fundamental to tho whole problem of
ultimate permanent leconstructlon: these
call for special explanation.
Taking Stock of Country Life.
There should be organized, as ex
plained In tho main report, under gov
ernmental leadership, n comprehensive
plan for an exhaustive study or survey
of ull tho condtlons that surround the
.business of -farming and too people
who llvu In the country, In order to
take stock of our resources nnd to
supply the farmer with local knowl
edge. Federal anil stnto governments,
agrlcultuial colleges and other educa
tional agencies, organizations of vari
ous types and ndlvldual students of
tho problem, should bo brought Into
co-oporatlon for this great work of In
vestigating with minute euro all agri
cultural and country llfo conditions.
Nationalized Intension Work,- Kaeli
stuto college of luiilculturo should liu
empowered to organize us soon as
practicable a compl'-te department of
college extension, so managed us to
reach every person on the laud In Its
state, with both Information and In
spiration. The work should include
such forms of extension teaching as
lectures, bulb tins, reuding couiscs,
correspondence courses, demonstra
tion, and othtr means of reaching the
people at home und on their farms, It
should be deslgne to forwurd not
only tho business of agriculture, but
sanitation, education, homo maklssr,
and all Interests of country life.
POINTS OUT IMPROVEMENTS
FOR COUNTRY COMMUNITIES
Special Message of President of Utmost Inter
est to Farmers.
Urges That Social as Well as Productive Side of Farm Life
Be Built Up Work for the Federal
Department.
Washington. With the report of
the country life commission President
Roosevelt sent the following mes
sage to both houses of congress:
To the Sennto and Ifouso of llepresent
atlves: 1 transmit heicwltli the report
of tho commission on country life. At
the outset t desire to point out that hot
a dollar of the public money has been
paid to any commissioner for his work
on tho commission,
The repot t shows the general condition
of farming life In the open country, and
points out Its larger problems; It Indi
cates ways In which the government, na
tional and state, may show tho peoplo
how to solve somo of these problems; and
It suggests a continuance of thu woik
which tho commission begun.
Judging by 20 public hearings, to which
farmers nnd farmers' wives from ta
states und terrltolles came, and from
HIT, OX) nnswers to piloted questions sent
out by the department of ngilculturn.
the commission lluds that tho general
level of country life Is high compared
with any preceding time or with uny oth
er land. If It has In recent years slipped
down In some places, It has risen In more
places. Its pi ogress has been general, If
not uniform.
Yot farming does not yield either the
prollt or the satisfaction that It ought
to yield, and may bo mado to yield. There
Is discontent In the country, and In places
illscnuingeiueiit. runnel s as a class do
not magnify their calling, ami the move
ment to the towns, though, I am happy
to say, less than formeily. Is still strong.
Under our system. It Is helpful to pro
mote discussion of ways In which tho
peoplo can help themselves. There nro
three main directions In which the farm
ors can help themselves; namely, bolter
farming, better business and better living
nn tho farm, The national department of
agriculture, which has tendered service
equaled by no other similar department
In any other time or place; tho state
departments of agilctiltuie; the stnto col
leges' of agrlcultuio and the mechanical
arts, especially through their extension
work: the state agricultural oxpcilment
stations; tho Furmers" union; tho Orange;
the agricultural pi ess: and other similar
agencies; have all combined to place with
in the reach of the American farmer an
amount and quality or agricultural Infor
mation, which, If applied, would enable
him, over largo areas, to double tho
production of the farm.
For Better Business and Living.
The object of tho commission on coun
try llfo, therefore. Is not to help tho
farmer ruiso better crops, but to call his
attention to the nppot untitles for hotter
business und better living on the farm.
If country llfo is to become what it
should be, and what I believe It ultimate
ly will be one of tho most dignified, de
sirable, nnd sought-after ways of earn
a living the farmer must take advan
tage not only of tho agtlcultural knowl
edge which Is nt his disposal, but of tho
methods which have ruined and continue
to raise the standards of living nnd In
telligence In other callings.
Those engaged In all other industrial
and commercial callings luiv.i found It
necessary under modern economic con
ditions, to organize themselves for mu
tual advantage, nnd for the protection of
their own purtlcular Interests In rela
tion to other Interests. Tho farmors of
every progressive ICuiopean country have
realized this esesntlaK fact and hnvo
found In the co-operative system exactly
the form of business combination they
need.
Now, whatever the state may do to
ward Improving tho practice of agri
culture. It Is not within the sphere of
any government to reorganize tho farm
ers' business or reconstruct the social
life of farming communities. It Is, how
ever, quite within Us power to uso Its
Inlluence and tho machinery of publicity
which It can -control for railing public at
tention to the needs of the facts. For ok
ample, It Is the obvious duty of tho gov
ernment to cnll the nttentlon of farmers
to the growing monopolization of water
power. The farmers, above all, should
liuvo that power? on .rensanablo terms, for
cheap transportation, for lighting their
homes, mid for lunumeiable uses in tho
dally tasks of tho farm.
Necessity for Co-Operation.
It Is tryo that country llfo nan Improved
grently In attractiveness, hcaltli'ftud com
fort, and that the farmer's earnings e.fs
hlghj. can thsy were. Hut city llfo Is
nrlvanc'r even more rapidly, because of
tho greater attention which Is being given
by tho citizens of the towns to their own
betterment. For Just this rousou tho in
troduction of effective agricultural co
oporatlon throughout the United States Is
of the ilrst Importance, Where farmers
are organized co-opeiutlvely they not
only nvall themselves much morn read
ily of business opportunities nnd Im
proved methods, but It Is found that the
organizations which bring thorn together
In tho woik of iholr lives nro used also
for social and Intellectual advancement.
Tho co-operntlvo plan Is tho best plan
of organization wherever men hnvo tho
right spirit to carry It out. Under this
plan any business undertaking Is man
aged by a commltteo; every man has
ono vote, and only one vote: and every
ono gets pmflts according to what ho
sells or buys or supplies. It develop:! in
dlvlifual responsibility nnd has a moral
as woll as a financial value over uny
other plan.
I desire only to tnlto counsel with the
farmers ns fellow-cltlzens. It Is not tho
problem of tho farmers alonu that I run
discussing with them, but n problem
which affects evdry city as woll as every
farm In tho country. It Is a problem
which the working farmers will have to
solve for themselves; but It Is a problem
which also affects In only less degreo all
the rest of us, nnd therefore If wo can
render any help toVnrd its solution, It Is
not only our duty but our Interest to do
BO,
Work to Hejp tho Farmers.
The commission hns tried to help the
farmers to sco clearly their own prob--lem
and to son it as a wliolo; to distin
guish clearly betweon whnt tho govern
ment can do and what tho farmers must
do for themselves; and It wishes to bring
not only the farmers, but tho nation us
a whole, to realize that tho growing of
crops, though an esseutlnl part, is only
a part of country life, Ctop growing is
the essential foundation, but It Is no
less cs-enllul that the farmer shall get
an adequate return for what he grows;
and It is no less essential Indeed, It Is
literally vltul that ho and his wife and
his chllilicn shall lead the right kind
of life.
For this reason, It Is of the first Im
portance that tho United States depart-
tnent of ngilculturc, through which as
prime agent the Ideas the commission
stands for must leach tho people, should
become without delay in fact a depart
ment of coiintiy life, fitted to deal not
only with crops, but also with nil the
larger aspects or life In the open country.
From all thnt has been done and
learned three grent general and luiinedl
ato needs of country life stand out:
First, effective co-opetnlloi) among
faimeis. to put them on a level with the
organized luieiests with which they do
business.
Hecond, a new Kind of schools In the
country, which shall teach the chltdtcn
as much outdoors as Indoors and per
haps more, so that they will prepare for
country life, and not as at pieseut, inula
ly for life In town,
Thlid, better means of communication,
Including good loads nnd a patcels post,
which the countiy people am every w brie,
and tightly, unanimous In demanding.
To these may well be added better san
itation; for easily preventable diseases
hold several million country people In tho
slavery of continuous 111 health. ,
Duty of the Government.
The commission points out, and I ton
cur In thu (oucliisloii, that the most Im
portant help that tho government, wheth
er national or state, can give Is In show
the people how to go about these tasks
of oigaulzatlon, education and enninunil
ration with the best and quickest If suits,
This mil li" done by the collection nnd
spiead of liifoi matlon. Ono conimuully
can thus be Informed of what other com
munities hue done, and one i mm try of
wh'it othtr round Ics have done. Such
help by the people's government would
lead to a i oiuprcheiiso plan of organi
zation, education and communication, and
make the fanning country better to live
111. for luti llectual ami social icasons as
well as foi ptucly agilcultuial icasons.
The only lecommend.itlou I submit Is
thnt an itpptopiliillon of $.'.,(iiQ bo pio
lded, to enable the conunlslsou to digest
the material It has collected, and to col
lect and to dlgtst much moie that is
within Its teach, and thus complete Its
woik. This would enable the commis
sion In gather In tho harvest of sug
gestion which Is icHiiltlng fioiii the dis
cussion It has slliied up. Tho commis
sioners have served without compensa
tion, anil 1 do not iccoinmciid uny up
propilatlon for their services, but only
for thu expenses that will bo requited
to finish the tusk they have begun.
To Develop Country Community.
To inipiove our system of agriculture
seems to me the most tiigent of thu tasks
which lie before us. Hut It cannot, In
my Judgment, bo effected by measures
which touch only tho material and tech
nical side of the subject; the whole busi
ness ami life of the farmer must also
bo taken Into account. Such considera
tions led me to appoint the commission
on countiy life. Our object should ho
to bell) develop In the country conimu
ully the great 'Ideals of the community
life as well iih of personal character. One
of the most Impoitaut adjuncts to this
end must be the country church, and I
I !( tat t'llliri lltlllllllntl t I It'll II f tllll 4ft IT t-
III lU Will llttl IUIUII III II IMIl VII 'J "II '
mission says of the country church and
of the need of nn extension of such woik
as that of the Young Men's Christian as
sociation In country communities. Let
me lay special emphasis upon what the
commission sus lit the very end of Its
report op. personal Ideas and local leader
ship. Kverythlng lesolves Itself In the
end into tho question of personality.
Neither society nor government ran do
much for country life unless there Is vol
untary response In the personal Ideals
of tho men and women who live In the
country. In, the development of dim ac
tor, the homo should be more Important
thnn tho school, or than society at large.
When once the basic material needs have
been met, high Ideals may he quite In
dependent of Income; but they cannot be
realized without sulllclimt Income to pro
vide adequate foundation: and wheie the
community at largo Is not financially
prosperous It Is Impossible to develop a
high average personal and community
Ideal. In ahoit, the fundamental facts
or human nature apply to men and wom
en who llvo In tho country Just as they
apply, to men and women who llvo In tla
towns, ("ilven a sulllcleut foundation of
material well being, the Inlluence of the
fanners' wives on their children be
comes tho factor of first Importance In
determining the attitude of tho next gen
eration townrd farm life. The farmer
should realize that tho person who most
needs consideration on the farm is Ids
wife. I do not In the least mean that she
should purchase ease at the expense of
duty. Neither man nor woman Is really
happy or roully useful save on condition
of doing his or her duty. If tho wom
an shirks her duty iih housewife, us
homo keeper, as the mother whose pilnui
function Is to bear and rear a sulllcleut
number of healthy children, then she Is
not entitled to our regard, Iltlt If she
does her duty sho Is mine entitled to our
regard even than the man who dues
his duty: and tho man should show spe
cial consideration for her needs,
Welfare of Nation at Stake.
I warn my countrymen that the gnat
recent progress made In city llfo Is not
a full measure of our civilization; for our
civilization rests on tho wholcsomeness,
tho attractiveness, nnd the completeness,
as well as the prospetlty, of llfo In tho
c.ountry. The men and women on the
farms stnnd for what Is fundamentally
best and most needed In our Ameilcnu
life. Upon the development of country
lift rests ultimately our ability, by meth
ods of farming requiring the highest In
telligence, to continue to feed ami clothe
the hungry untlnns; to supply the city
with fresh blood, clean bodies, ami clear
brains that can endure the tenlilc strain
of modern life; we need thu development
of men In the open country, who will be
In the future, as In tho past, thu stay
und strength of the nation In time of
wnr, und Its guiding nnd controlling spir
it In tlino of pence.
Tiinorxmrc iioohkvki.t.
The White House, February 'J, I'MO.
Joel Chandler Harris Memorial.
Tho .Invcnllo Piotcctlvo association
of Atlanta is to hnvo chaige of (he
Uncle Remus Homo for Children, to
ho established ns it memorial to Joel
Chandler Harris near Atlanta. Tho
situ for the Institution has been given
to thu nsKociution und much of tho
money necessary for tho buildings has
already been collected, Thu Institu
tion la to bo known aa a Juvenile state.
It will contain a school, a gymnasium
and mechanical workshop.
SENDS IN HIS VETO
PRESIDENT WILL NOT APPROVE
THE CENSUS BILL.
TOO MUCH OF SPOILS SYSTEM
Both Parties Planning to Share In
Political Fat Picking Insists
on Civil Sirvlce Competl-.
tlve Examination.
"The evil effects of the spoils sys
tem nnd of tho custom of treating
appointments to tho public Horvlco as
personnl perquisites of professional
politicians nro peculiarly evident In
the ease of n utent public work like
tho taking of the census, u work which
hou1d emphatically be done- for tho
whole people and with nn oyo single
to their Intel esta."
In these woidft President Roosevelt
Friday summed tip iiiohsiibo to tho
house of representatives returning
without his approval thu bill providing
for tho tnklni. of the next census,
because of the provision providing
thnt itpjiolnlmentH shall be mado on
the ihihIh of uon-cninpiMltlvo examina
tions Imueud or through the civil ser
vice commission. As passed by coik
gross, the bill permitted munibers ami
collators to designate persons for po
HltloiiH after they hud undergone u
simple examination.
Incidentally, tne president referred
to tno provision uulhoilzing ih
printing or coiihuh reports by private
concerns' und laid TUross on the point
that whete work was so nllotied tho
eight-hour law should be applied In
effective fashion. Outside of thesu
matteiK, Ihe picsldent said that on
Uiu wliolo the bill was satisfactory to
him and repiesented nn linpiovoment
on previous legit lulion on Ihe subject.
Tho house adjourned without acting
on I lip message.
Count Cdsninl Retires.
Count Arthur Paulovlteh Casslnl,
who has been for nearly fifty years In
tho Russian diplomatic service, haa
applied Tor retirement. Count Cnsslul
was tho lunhn'SAndor to Waslhngton
at the time of the RusKo-Jiipauese war,
Ho was Hticceodod by Union von Ro
sun and has lecently lepioHentetl his'
government nt Madrid.
Hepburn Drops Election Contest.
Tho Ilopburn-Jnnileson congressional
contest wn practically called off at
Centervlllo, In.
The recount has been abandoned in
Appstuotse county and the Intmested
attorneys hnvo left tho city. This ac
tion followed the loss of twenty-font
ballots for Congressman Hepburn at
tho end of the iccount or eight pre
cincts. Hepburn had rolled on making large
gains In Appanoose and when Ihe re
count failed to show these, It was
thought to bo simply a needless ex
penditure of tlino and money to con
tinue tho recount.
Attorney W. L. Temple, representing
Congressman W. P. Hepburn, stated
Friday: "Wo hnvo given up the con
test in Appanoose county,"
Further than this ho would not stale
Two othgr counties nro Involved',
Union and Pago. Chief reliance - was
placed upon Appanoose county bv
Hepburn's attorneys and It Is as
sumed that tho contest will be dropped
in -Union nnd Pago. W. U. .lumleson
or Clarlnda, on tho ofllcial returns
had .108 majority over W. I Hophtirn
In the Eighth district.
Germany Has Bed Floods.
Floods caused by several davs of
heavy rahiB and a spell of 'warm
weathor aro taking a serious aspect
in many purts or erinany. Tho Ilrst
fatalilies aro reported from Xord
hausott, whore many bridges have been
swept nwny and ten pooplo drowned.
At Nuremberg the Pagnlbe rose 12
feet last night, and was raging
through tho lower streets of tho city.
Tho water Is higher than It has boon'
for thirty-three years. The nowspap-'
ors of Ntiromborc havo suspended pubj
llcallon nnd enormous danuigo has'
boon caused. Frankfort-on-tho-Maln re
ports tho highest water In fifty years
ou somo of tho streams In the Odon-'
wnld. At Essen the situation Is grow
ing more threatening in tho terrltorj
adjacont to tho city. The town of
Herdccke Is Hooded and a number of
dams In the vicinity of Hngen hum
been carried awoy. At Dortmund tho
floods aio increasing and the fire de
partment was called out to lescuo a
family fron the second story of thol
dwelling.
Not Able to Convict Gow.
Tho Drooklyu jury before which
William Gow, formerly president of
tho International Trust company and
director of tho llorough bank of
Brooklyn, was tried it a charge of
larceny of $115,000, disagreed, tho
vote standing eight for ncqultUU and
four for conviction, Gow was almady
held tinder 120,000 ball, and this was
continued. Tho charge against Gow
was based on tho withdrawal or $U.i,
000 In tho Dorough bunk. It was
charged, to ilnaiico tho organization of
tho International Trust company An
other chnrgo of tho larceny of ?2ii0,
000 Is also ponding against Gow.
Falrbank's Brother-ln-Law Dead.
Edward E, Colo, brothor-ln-luw of
Vice-President Fairbanks, died In
Loudon, Ohio, of cancer of the liver,
ngod DS years. He was acutely
stricken whllo In London attending to
some legal businesb
Burns Too Much for Pipestone Lad.
Paul Domko of. Pipestone, Minn., tho
gnmtst youngster that has boon in a
wrestling match In Sioux City In snv
oral years, Friday night wont doii
to defeat before "Fannor" Murciu
Ruins uftor a hard fight, two fall.!
out of throe "-
THEY KNEW HOW TO WORK
nUTDONT NEED TO WORK NOW
60 HARD.
Tho cxpcrlcnco of tho HIsBcr Rros.
in Western Canada is similar to that
roportod to every ngont or tho Cana
dlun Government, whoso advertise
ment appears elsewhere:
"Wheatwyn, Stink., Nov. Cth, 1903.
"To tho Commissioner of Immigra
tion, Winnipeg, Manitoba. Dear Sir:
I, in company with my brother and
other relations, arrived in this coun
try In tho spring of 1893. At the tlmu
wo got off tho train nt Wolseloy, Sask.,
wo hnd only n fow dollars, not enough
to start farming on our own account,
so we were compelled to work out for
a considerable time In order to make
Bulllclcut money to enable us to es
tablish ourselves. When wo thought
we hud enough money to start with, I
nnd my brother took up ono quarter
section (1G0 acres) land each In thu
Loon Cicck district. In 1900 wo moved
on our homesteads with ono team of
horses nnd ono walking plow. Whllo
1 wns engaged with tho work in tho
field, my brother built a shack and
bain of logs, which wo havo hauled
during tho tlmo wo woro not nblo to
work In tho Held. Wo wero certainly
working very hard, but I am glad to
pay that wo made our fortuno In this
country. Today wo do not need to
work so hnrd as wo used to, as wo
havo throe men hired steady for
whom wo pay $30.00 to $10.00 n month,
besides bunrd and lodging dining tho
summor tlmo! 1 urn also glad to toll
you that to-day wo aro owners of a
section and thrcc-qunrlcrs of tho best
laud, with Hist class buildings thereon,
besides having nil the necessary ma
chinery. Wo always tlo our own
threshing, for we havo a 522 horse
power threshing outfit.
"Our success In farming In this
country also enabled un to got rid of a
number of horses o.f less value, and
Instead wo ismght 10 puro-brcd marco,
representing a value In tho neighbor
hood of $r,000.
"Regarding raising grain, which Is
tho main factor in our district, 1 am
proud to say that wo havo nlwayn
had good success. Wo havo raised
wheat as high as 3'i bushels to the
acre; and this year, although wo Buf
fered from lack of sulllcleut rain, our
wheat went 27 bushels to tho acre,
and wo had !)00 acres In crop. Wo
have broken this year about 100 acres
new laud, and by next year wo will
have about 1,110 acres in crop. For
'one carload of wheat which wo havo
shipped n fow woekn ugo wo got a
price of 97 cents per bushel, and It
graded as No. 2 Northern, nlthotigh wo
havo a quantity of wheat which will
surely go as No. 1 Northern. During
the six years wo have been farming
for ourselves wo havo never had ono
frost luound here, so thnt wo always
had a good crop.
"I, for myself, feel compelled (o say
that our Great WcbI Is thu land where
a person who in willing to work nnd
trim his hands to anything, can tnnko
ti fortune, nnd n comfortablo living.
)ur country Is a thoroughly freo coun
try, and wo havo ti good Government:
and, as long as wo havo good crops,
jjnd a good Government, wo nro satis
lied, nnd I think thnt is all wo yVant,
"Yours very truly,
"LORENS RISSER,
"P. O. Wheatwyn, Saak.." -
Showing the Right Spirit.
A Jlttlo boy had been naughty at
dinner, and hud been sont away from
tho tublo just us his favorilo dessort
r cabinet pudding with butler nnd
r.ugur sauce was being sorvoil. About
nine o'clock that ovonlng, whon tho
other chlldten hud gono to bed nnd
his parents weru nlono In tho sitting
room, a tear-stained littlo fuco and a
whlto-robcd figure appeared at tho
door.
".Mamma," it said, bravely, between
sobs, "you told me never to go to
sleep when anything wrong had boon
dono until It wns ull fixed by right,
so I came down to tell you that that
that I forgive you and pupa for
what you did to mo at tho dinner
table."
Prof. Munyon hns generously placed
his Cold Cure with druggists through
out tho United Stales and hns author
ized thorn to sell it for tho small sum
of 25 cts. a bottle. Ho says theso
pellets contain no opium, morphine, co
caine or other harmful drugs, and ho
guarantees that they will rollovo tho
head, throat and lungs almost imme
diately. Ho gives this gtiamntoo with
each bottlo of his mediclno: "It you
buy my Cold Curo nnd It does not give
perfect satisfaction, I will refund your
money." Prof. Munyon hns just Issued
a Magazine-Almanac, which will bu
sont freo to any person who addresses
Tho Munyon Company, Phlludolphla.
The chronic borrowor deponds for
spending money ou his frlonds, and
says: "Why If they didn't lend it, tho
chumps would only go and spend It."
Tim Herb Inxulive, G.u field Tea, aid
Nature in maintaining the general well-bo-ing
of the Isidy; it corrects cnnvlipatiuu,
purifies the lilnoil, brings health.
Occasionally ti woman goes to
church for tho purposa of ascertaining
how many of her nolghbora don't.
ONLY ONK "IIKOMO QUININK"
That In UAXATIVH llltOMO OMNINU. IMt. f.-
tin) Klunaturo at 1C W. (JIIOVK. Uul tho WorU
,V. UllOVfc. I
urrr lo Curo a Cold in Ono liar. Xc.
Tho first time a ghl la engaged sho
Imagines that she laus Important aa
the heroine In u novel.
Lewis' Single Hinder Clgur has u rich
tuto. Your dcalr or Lj-m' Factory,
i'eoria, III.
Tho highwayman baa a low way of,
doing things.
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