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The Commoner
NOVEMBER, 1914
9
. X
The Peace Treaty Paper Weights
The following Is taken from the Lincoln,
(Neb.) State Journal, under date of November, 6:
"Secretary of State Bryan while in Lincoln
this week, had in his possession fac similes of
paper weights which he will present to diplo
matic representatives of nations with which the
United States has made peace treaties.
"The weights are cast in the shape of plow
shares and are made of melted sword blades.
Mr. Bryan's friends, regard the repentiy com
pleted treaties as the greatest monument to the
secretary's public service.
"Inscribed on the plowshares are the words
of th0 prophet, "They Shall Beat Their Swords
Into Plowshares," Isaiah 2:4. On one side of
the beam is inscribed the diplomatic phrase
coined by Mr. Bryan when the Japanese ques
tion on the Pacific coast was in an acute stage:
Nothing is Final Between Friends." On tho
other side of the beam is inscribed another
phrase, "Diplomacy is the Art of Keeping Cool."
Mr.-Bryan used this phrase in an address before
a. refrigeration congress. The plow stands on a
baso' three by four inches. Tho steel which
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Tho minlaturo plowshares, to bo used as paper weights, are mado of tho
'blades of sw6rds. Mr. Bryan will present tho paperweights to tho dlp-
lomatlc representatives of tho countries which have recently signed
peace treaties witn .yio uniteu estates.
once, formed sword blades is nickle plated. The
idea: of the paper weights was originated by Mr.
Bryan.
FORKED ON THE PLAN FOR YEARS
"Mr. Bryan began to work on this peace plan
nearly ten years ago, the idea being first present
ed in an editorial in The Commoner. Mr. Bryan's
first speech in favor of tho plan was mado at
Tokio, Japan, in October, 1905. The plan was
endorsed at a peace conference in London in
July, 19 0G, with twenty-six nations represented.
The plan was presented to President Taft when
treaties with England and France were being
drafted. A part of the plan was included in tho
treaties and that part' was approved by the sen
ate. u
"In a speech at Lincoln afterward Mr. Taft
gave Mr. Bryan credit for the suggestions. The
plan was laid before President-elect Wilson
when he invited Mr. Bryan into the cabinet,
and soon after the inauguration was presented,
with the president's approval, to the nations
represented at Washington, some thirty-five in
number.
"The first treaty was signed with Salvador on
August 8, 1913. Within a year from that date
twenty treaties were signed, eighteen of which
were ratified on August 13, 1914. On Septem
ber 15 the four big treaties were signed with
Great Britain, France, Spain and China. On
October 1, the Russian treaty was signed and
on October 13 treaties were signed with Greece,
Ecuador and Sweden. The people represented
by the governments which have now signed
these treaties total three-fourths of all the in
habitants of the globe, Thirty have now been
signed.
HOPES TO INSURE PEACE
'"Mr Bryan said while 4n Lincoln: 'We believe
that these treaties will make war almost im
possible between the United States and the na
tion with which these treaties havo been nego
tiated. "Wo expect to havo six or eight more within
a few months. and that will complete tho list.
Of the nations that havo not yet signed Germany,
Austria and Belgium havo already endorsed tho
principle.
" 'There is no doubt that a treaty will bo
signed with Mexico as soon as she has a gov
ernment which is capable of entering Into treaty
relations. Columbia is tho only South American
country which has not yet. signed and she will
do so. as soon, as, the pending treaty is ratified
Japan will be added to the list of treaty sjgnors
as soon as tho California question is out of the
way.'
"Friends of Mr. Bryan feel that, one of tho
interesting features in the development of these
treaties is the fact that Mr. Bryan is in a posi
tion to Bign them himself. .Had ho been elected
president in 1908 he would in all probability
have succeeded in carrying out his treaty plan
during his term of office but he could not havo
signed tho treaties himself.
Now, as secretary of state, he affixes-his slg-i
nature to the treaties
and as, unlike others,
they continuo indefin
itely unless terminated
at the request of one
of tho parties, his name
will bo read in all the
capitals of the world
centuries hence.
"It is expected that
the principle embodied
in these treaties will bo
copied into treaties be
tween other nations. It
has already been sug
gested that all of tho
nations of tho western
hemisphere having sign
ed these treaties with
the United States, sign
slmilvr ones with eacli
other. The idea has been
discussed in connection
with prevention of fu
ture wars in Europe.
"Tho idea first sug
gested itself to Mr.
Bryan in connection
with labor disputes, tho
investigating to be made in all cases but the find
ing not to be absolutely binding. After advo
cating this in regard, to labor disputes for some
years it occurred to Mr. Bryan that the same
idea might be applied to national disputes. Tho
ready acceptance of the plan is taken by ad
ministration officials as proving its practicability."
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THE THANKFUL HEART
and
For all that God in mercy sends,
iTnr health and children, home
friends;
For comforts in tho time of need, t .
For every kindly word or deed,
For happy thoughts and holy faith,
For guidance in our daily walk,
In everything, give thanks.
For beauty in this world of ours,
For verdant grass and lovely flowers,
For songs of birds and hum of bees,
For tho refreshing summer breeze,
For hill and plain, for stream and wood,
For the great ocean's mighty flood
In everything, give thanks.
For the sweet sleep which comes with
night,
For the returning morning light,
For the bright sun which shines on high,
For the stars glittering in the sky
For these, and everything we see,
O, Lord, we lift our hearts to thee;
In everything, give thanks!
Cupper.
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The 64th Congress
(Compllod from tho unofficial list of membgrp
olect as prepared by tho clerk of llie houseof
representatives, under dato of November 12,
ion.) :
Sen n to Hquso
Dom. Rep. Dem. Rep.
Alabama ........ 2 . , 10
A rigour, ......... 2 .. , 1 ".
Arkansas ....... 2 .. .7
California ... v .. l.v 1 4 ' ; 3
Colorado . .....'., 2 . '. . ; 3 1
Connecticut ;'...;.,'. 2 .... ' . 5
Dolawaro . 1 1 '. . ' 1
Florida ......... 2 ... 4 ... .
Georgia . ,K, .2 . . 12 ' . ;.
Idaho ...'.......'.. 2 . . . . ' 2
Illinois . ..".....: i .1 10 Iff
Indiana ,.2 . . 11 .2
Iowa . . 2, , X . 10
Kansas ......... i 1 . G ,2
Kontucky 2 t ..' 9 2
Louisiana ...'...'. 2 ..- 7
Maino 1 ' 1 1 3
Maryland 2 ... 5 1
Massachusetts .;.'.. 2' ' 4 12
Michigan ... " ' 2 , 2 '11
Minnesota' '....' 2 " 1 8
Mississippi 2 . . 8
Missouri ' 2 ... ,14 -2
Montana 2 , .. - 2
Nebraska . .' .' ' 1 ', 1, ". .3 3
Nevada 1, , 1 , .. 1
Now Hampshire .. . 1 J. ... 2
New, Jersey 2 '...' 4 8
Now Mexico ....... 2', . . 1
New York . '. 1 1 20 . 21
North Carolina ... '2 .. 9 1
North Dakota 2 . . - 3
Ohio 1 " ." 1 9 . .13
Oklahoma 2 .. 7 1
Oregon 2 .,. . .' .'. 3
Pennsylvania 2 G '30
Rhode- Island ....,,.. .m 2,' . 1, t 2
South Carolina ... 2 " .JU: ;; ''
South Dakota .... -, llv.. ''Vl"! '. s 2
Tennessee 2 ,t .,.j-. 8 2
Texas . ............ u ., l- ...
u tail . ,......., .. . f& ' tu r J-A f
Vermont .'..,.'.'. i '1 ' ,i ' ' ..,''" 2
Virginia . . . . . ..,. ' " 2;, '..'. . 9. .
Washington .'.;.,..'.' 1"".. 1 , .'4i
West Virginia . ...1 1 3 '2
Wisconsin . .,. '. . .'.V; 1 ' 1 . ' 3 8
Wyoming . . . . '2 .. 1
Alaska ' . . 1
Hawaii '. . . '. . . 1
39
232
194
)- .
THE SENATE VOTE
'Domocrats, 50; republicans, 39; progressives
(Washington) 1.
Democratic majority, 10.
Democratic gains, 3 (California, South Dako
ta, Wisconsin).
THE HOUSE VOTE
Democrats, 232; republicans, 194; progress
ives, 7; independent, 1; socialist, 1. Whole
number, 435.
Democratic majority, 29; democratic plurality,
38.
Tho progressive party elected -three congress
men from California, ono from Illinois, one from
Louisiana', ono from Minnesota and one from
New York.
William Kent was re-elected In California as
an independent.
M. M. London, socialist, was elected in the
Twelfth New York district.
Democratic gains: California, 1; Kansas, 1;
Oklahoma, 1; South Dakota, 1; Washington, 1;
West Virginia, 1. Of these gains, three were
made from the progressives and three from the
republicans.
Democratic losses: Connecticut, 5; Delaware,
1; Illinois, 10; Indiana, 2; Iowa, 2; Louisiana,
1; Maryland, 1; Massachusetts, 4; New Hamp
shire, 2; New Jersey, 7; New Mexico, lj New
York, 10; North Carolina, 1; Ohio, 10; Pennsyl
vania, G; Rhode Island, 1.
The democrats gained three seats from the
progressives and lost one (Loaislana) to them.
Tho republicans gained eleven from the pro
gressives and lost two (California and Minne
sota) to them.
Present (63d) congress House: Democrats,
290; republicans, 127; progressives, 18. Total,
435.
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