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The Commoner
JUNE, 1914
.21
f ' v
I T,PA TjWPi CJOOD reclame, not Irrl
sample) A prices. J. JACOHHON, Fortno, Kaun
PATENTS
WntRAn V.. CelemW
Patent lawyer ,Vwlilnglon,
n.C. Advice and Looks frre.
ates reasonable. Illjcbeel references. UoitHcrvlot
-spr ', i r nFTfmimiim!mJ'v'r'J"m '""
Irt the Field of Agriculture
' - i i - 1 1 i i i 1 1 1 1 i i.
KJ.
MOISTURE CONSERVATION
Cultivation is the ono practical
means that the farnmr has for con
serving moisture over any consider
able area of land, says a bulletin of
the Nebraska experiment station. It
is by cultivation that the surface is
put in condition to catch and hold
the water until it can soak into the
soil. Weeds aro killed by cultiva
tion and thus prevented from using
tho water that falls. Cultivation also
checks the loss of water from soils
by direct evaporation. Stirring the
soil loosens the surface, hastens tho
process of drying the surface layer,
and decreases the points of contact
between the soil particles, so that
tho water from below can not so
readily reach the surface by capil
lary action. In other words, we pur
posely sacrifice the moisture in tho
cultivated layer in order to conserve
that in the deeper levels,
SUCCESSFUL EXPERIENCE WITH
TOMATOES
A Delaware county, New York,
farmer tells an interesting story of
his experience in tomato growing,
and gives the result of his efforts
to supply a public demand for large
fruit for slicing at a time when
there is a dearth of fancy tomatoes.
He had observed that most of the
regular truckers and gardeners Jiad
always relied upon the yield of vines
set in the spring, and that a tomato
vine will continue to bear until frost,
but as it encounters the heat and
drputh of the lato summer with its
vitality impaired by long production,
its fruit grows smaller and smaller
and the runout stuff in the market
does not tempt the public to buy.
Perceiving an opportunity here, he
sowed seed of the Ponderosa tomato
about June 1 and soon had a good
stand of plants. About July 1 the
plants were set out in well prepared
ground that had formerly been used
as a strawberry bed, and watered.
Most of the plants lived, but made
little growth until a heavy rain about
the middle of July, after which the
plants grew very fast, and were soon
largo enough to interfere with the
cultivator. They were not staked,
and were placed four feet apart each
way. Three rows were mixed va
rieties, 'but the rest of the fourth
acre plot were Ponderosa. The
tomatoes began to ripen about
August 1, and tho plants boro un
interruptedly up to November, until
the first hard frosts. With tho small
stuff on tho market selling at 25 to
50 cents per bushel, this grower had
no trouble in disposing of his pro
duct at $1, and this was tho average
price until tho end of tho season. As
a result of this experiment ho sold
$125 worth of tomatoes for cash, or
at the rato of $500 'per acre, and
carried over twenty bushels of largo
green tomatoes.
This crop was grown practically
without rain, for not a drop of rain
fell from the time tho plants were
18 inches high until fall. This
grower is a firm believer in tho
Ponderosa tomato, and says tho other
three rows planted to other varieties
bore no comparison in size and yield.
In spito of tho drouthy conditions
prevailing during this experiment,
tho Ponderosa continued to bear
large quantities of fruit of the most
excellent quality, some, of the vines
carrying as much as a dozen tomatoes
averaging a pound each.
THE LATE GARDEN
The old excuse o: being "too busy"
to make garden in May or June need
not prevent the planting of many
things even as late as July. It is
surprising how some vegetables will
grow which are planted in the warm
soil in July and how much less hoe
ing is necessary. Cucumbers and
pickles, string beany, late sweet corn,
winter beets, cabbage, cauliflower,
tomatoes, lettuce, radishes, peas,
onions can be sown and transplanted
in July.
An ounce of beet seed planted in
a row one hundred feet in length and
covered a half-inch deep will supply
beets all the fall and winter. The
half-long sorts are the best keepers.
Plant another quart of bush beans
for snaps, covering them with an
Inch of fine soil. Plant a row of wax
or yellow podded snap beans. They
have a flavor of their own , and are
preferred by many to tho green pod
ded sorts.
Prepare a bed or row and sow an
ounce of late cabbage seed. 'When
the plants are two inches high,
transplant to rows three feet apart
and two feet apart in the row. Work
well and you will have cabbage all
winter. Many spots vacated by the
earlier crops can be utilized very
fllfllBlli
Mr
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nicely by filling In with cabbage
plants.
Got a package of Brussels sprouts
and treat the same as cabbage. This
Is a particularly well flavored vege
table. The little round heads are de
licious and frost seems to improve
their flavor. An ounce of seed will
glvo 3,000 plants.
An excellent salad plant for win
ter use is kale. Sow seed shallow
in Juno or July and transplant when
plants are two inches high to rows
eighteen inches apart, setting plants
a foot apart in the row. Cover with
hay in October and leave out all
winter. Freezing improves the qual
ity.
Sow an ounce of carrots, covering
the seed one-half inch deep. When
mature store like turnips.
A quart of sugar corn planted now
will supply sweet, tender corn until
frost.
Sow an ounce of white Lisbon
parsnip seed in rows two feet apart,
Cover tho seed a half inch deep.
Cultivate like carrots but do not
store. Leave in the ground all win
ter, pulling the tender roots as
needed.
A quart of early green peas plant
en late will give fine, succulent green
peas just before and after frost.
Don't cover the seed as deep as you
do in soring.
It is not yet too late to plant
potatoes for a lato crop, if attended
to immediately. Plant, in rows three
feet apart and drop eighteen inches
apart in tho row, covering two
inches deep with lo o soil. Gather
right after frost and store in frost
proof pit or cellar.
Winter radishes should bo plant
ed now. Treat like other radishes,
pull before frost "and place in box of
sand and keep in cellar. Keep up
successive plantings of the early va
rieties for late Bummer and fall use.
Get a hundred Ponderosa tomato
plants and set them out in a shaded
spot. You will fcj rewarded with
the finest flavored tomato you ever
tasted. The vines may be pulled be
fore frost and hung up in the cellar.
The green 'tomatoes will ripen slow
ly and ripe' tomatoes may be had
until Christmas.
An ounce of turnip seed sown
broadcast will furnish an abundance
of salad or greens for the winter
fare, while any surplus can be used
to good advantage in the poultry
yard.
GROWING ASPARAGUS
It is tho common belief that tho
culture of asparagus is a difficult
matter, and that heavy fertilizing is
an essential requirement. Tho ex
perience of a New York grower, how
ever, does not seem to bear out this
impression. It is his belief that any
one can grow good asparagus with
less care than strawberries, and says
that any good corn land will do. His
stock was grown from seed, and
planted in white clay subsoil with
only a slight covering of vegetable
mold, a soil not recommended by
books on asparagus culture. Ten
years ago he planted 36 rows 125
feet long, 4 feet apart, tho plants
two feet apart In the row, from year
ling plants. It has been picked now
for eight seasons and tho prospect
is good for eight years more. This
grower says ho has a better grade
that is a larger number of mammoth
stalks, that his neighbors .who a?e
extensive gardeners, although they
manuro their field two or three
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