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About The commoner. (Lincoln, Neb.) 1901-1923 | View Entire Issue (Sept. 3, 1909)
ti v-r"T)flt-y "m&mTf ' 'iwlf PSIWPRIIIW1 """W The Commoner. 10 VOLUME 9, NUMBER 3 ' i '' Y !U lrr.' t U VI Isril t is NOTHING NEW "Tho Bonator from Wisconsin sponds his nights getting his name 'into tho newspapers," says Penrose. "Tho decencies of senatorial proced ure will not permit mo to r.sk how tho sonator from Pennsylvania spends his nights," retorts LaFol lotte. "The spoeches of Demosthe nes," said Aeschines, "smell of tho lamp." "There is gToat difference between the objects which you and I pursuo by lamplight," answered Demosthenes. There is nothing now Under tho sun. Goodwin's Weekly. DIAGNOSIS Many a girl thinks she has broken her heart when she lias only sprained her irriuglnation. Life. FREE won as If you saw tho roal floods. Tonus to Salt Your Ineosie. Our llolpful Open Ac count Monthly Credit Is arranKed n iitt vnur salarr or Income. You hftvn Pull llu nl finnrla While PflVlfle for Them. Wo Ship Goods on 30 Days' Free Trial. Wo ship alL Koods direct to y5u on Approval from our biff faotorloa and dUtriuuunB pomm "" York, rittaburar, Cincinnati and Chicago You thus save ittemtddleiflaa'sprollt of 28 to 50 per ceat. Uee fee Ooods Oae Moath and If not Satisfac tory Return at Our Ex pease. We "will Refund your payment aau rreigar Expense. We take all the RISK. Send SI nQ wH1 shin toil this New Sewing. jlrst of tho kind over inanufactured-haa a wldo arm to place your Bowing and do your work comfortably has throo drawora for sow imr m&inrikiii f bco nlcturel andalaret) drawor airocuy unaorncaui bov, vgrmvu yuua uut., Tma can no usea xor aanury nrucioB tuair is This Big Illustrated Home Furnishing Catalog No. 07 SENT FREE to Any Address la tho United States. Write Today ft doesn't milter where you lire, this FKEE CATALOG shows yonhomican bWuitNrrUltK RUGS, CAKPET8 and HOME With this BIG BOOK In front of you you can see our htiKO stock Of CAIU'KTS, 11UG8 and DKAPKU11C3 In actual colors-'knd our maRnulcont lino of Furniture, Ranees, Steves, Refrigerators, Oe-Carts, Scwlar Machines, Silverware, Cutlery, Dishes, Washing MartUaes. Phonographs, Records, Clocks, Etc., mo alt lustratedftom actual DhotoKraphs. 'Ilioso pictures combined with accurate descriptions onablo you rlRht at homo, with your family at your elbow, to make vnur unincuunu tA ttanitw 4n wriflOV AP fftrilntr. lujrao.nui ........- -...-.-,. oi seasoned ork, bdu upnnmoruu ui utrev van leaiuor. uraer une Today. Oar References Any Bank or Express Ceaapaay fa Vailed Stales jaSBBSafflBB&aBBkWskT ly7 T igwgfl mTUbbMsss' iji'sTImSfMwnMsUl-jr ill Vl i mttM . . -J TT jmj-li- r--sssff I UbsbjU 1 B I HI WA Sewlae Chair, Writing Chair WvrW TSffir or Reading Chair. lBSa I V3&7 No. B-30 Price $ J i!! It la made Byl' $1.00 Cash, 50c Moftthly Spear & Company, Penn Ave. Pittsburg, Pa. WpSfffjHj, More Grain Profits BOOK X"ay me on time, ero&sh. mr factory nrlce. bntbemirota try a Chatham, anyhow. Clean your grain before you sell It or bo tore you bow it. 91,000,000 lost by Farmers la every state each season by Bellini? dirty a rain la a low estimate. You aro "docked" on the price bocanse ot dirt In erery bushel. Clean wheat for market, Takes oats, cockle, garlic, mustard and chess out of wheat. Cleans red oloTor takes out buokhorn plantain. Cleans alslke clover and alfalfa. Cleans beans, oats, barley. Grades win wiu.ua tiiuuiuy Btwu. Tells 100 ways Chatham Fayaxou. CHATHAM TASEE 30 DAYS' FREE TRIAL ON A Fannlnn Mill. Seed ftrarier sinrl f!Iipnnrr FREIGHT PAID TO YOU -i . j 8W.O0O aold already In U.S. and Canada. Experiment 5Aa.ron2lndo?JJh2m,(1 Agricultural Papera rocommend thorn to absorlbors. Wrlto for full particulars-Prices and Now Catalog Free Address moot noarost city to you-MANSON CAMPBELL, Preslaent r - IHE "ANSOH CAMPBELL COMPANY, DetroltMloh. Kansas City, Mo. SL Paul, Minn. Portland, Ore 8 Branch Warehouses for prompt shipments. mrn- frff B KWtni KbLHBIb1bbPbHHbbbbbbbssbkVIb m Ml all1 DIStiDHESH HBjJBBBsHn Sot Freln a! Trt&M to Ahv Farm Ob SO DayB Free Trial EliEOTIONT OF SENATORS BY THE PEOPLE (Continued from Pago 3) This change In electing senators would give the people much more powerful Influence over tho federal government. Tho only department of tho entire government elected direct ly by the people is the house of rep resentatives, one-half of the legisla tive department. The executive de partment, In theory, at least, is not elected by the people, but by certain electors chosen for the purpose. The judicial department is appointed by tho executive and confirmed by one half of the legislative department. One-half, therefore, of one of the three departments is the only por tion of control directly in popular hands. PART III Now that I have made odt my af firmative case the logical order of things demands that the claims of our opponents be solved. A favorite argument of those who are opposed to this change is that it not only antagonizes Article I, Sec tion III, of the Constitution, but like wise Article V, which guarantees to every state its equal representation in the senate. It is claimed that popular election would take away this equality and senators from the larger states would be more power ful than those from the smaller ones, because in many cases they would represent millions of more voting constituents. We answer that the word "equal" there can have no sig nificance and no reference except to numbers itself and can not apply to the manner In which senators are elected. "We submit that there can be no successful contradiction of that proposition. The language of the constitution la "and that no "state without Its consent shall be deprived or' what? Of representation in the senate, of senators, as. by this instru ment it is provided they shall be elected? No? but "shall be de prived of its equal suffrage in the senate." The word that relates to proportion, the word that relates to numbers is used there, the word "equal" limits the significance of that provision. It seems to us that there can be no question but that it was simply a pledge that each state should be entitled to its equal num ber of senators and Bhouid not be de prived of that proportion -without its consent. The next objection that is raised to our proposition is that we are vio lating one of the cardinal principles of our cpnstitutional fathers; that this is the first time that an effort has been made to materially and rad ically change the policy of this gov ernment. The history of this govern ment does not warrant that state ment, and before we Bhouid be bound iS&S&iSriicF IftSnwul SsSssSm The Best Roofing Manufactured! Mw SXSwP i! Econmlanaeasrowton;no pierlons experience necessary. Abiolotely wanmtced; brand Eii h 1"' "JM1"" 8 " 'w. Comes In Corrupted, "V" Crimped. Standing Scam or Pliln Plat Sth!t TklTi? lv?n,25d 0B bolh H146?11" Sf51 "'?'ed ealvanlxlns material; preparatloawlll adhere forever."Galvanlzed" E2i 5 I iuihM bCOn ? "tB,1JZlncJ "Me ak 1 abMletely rust an weather-proof; affuud by h,atr 2itr bUJ1;d,, ,wa,mer,a VlBtet nd C00,CT 1 8nrner. Mralns perfecUy and does not soak, Does not faint rain 2w OMSf u H'Z5'frV' J?" VHr Inwraace cheaper. Sold direct from our own roofing factory-the larcest In the iil,,nHCo:0JISUM,,Vr,n,:Co,se,.U 5" oOfinz material than any 'other concern. We scU Uiousands of squares of Galvanised Rust-Proof Iron" every week. Ued In all cllmatej. For erery Jclnd of buildln. """" squares oi PAINTED STEEL R00FIH6 AT $1.25 PER HUNDRED SQUARE FEET I mUthoni0!!!-8 w -iml SJee,dI"Roofint.SldlB8aad Celllne. all styles at prices from $1.3Ssq.footnp. Fill la the conpoa below We will Mnd yoa samples free of charge together with a rast amoent of roofina Information. nAoTin5 ouppi.es or Every Kind ! Snd faremr 100 pag Catalog Ne. zn. It Is fall ef Information for the shrewd, careful and economical buyer. Lists thoatands upon thousands of rara bargains. Prlco offers which command orders. Mlltomnf MUrt worth ef raerchaadlse, beaeat at Sheriffs', Receivers' and other forced sales, are plain ly described in this book. SEND FOR IT. Chicago Hoiis Wracking Co. 3Sth . Iron Sts., Chicago, PREK SAMPLE COUPON NO. 334 Chicago Hotue Wrecking Co,, 35th & Irea Sts., Chicago.) Kind of Building '.. Slseof Roof M If yoa want Siding or Celling give diagram aad full dimeniloas.... WhenJaypa expect to order. i. Nasse ,...-. p0 . R.F.D State by precedent we must recognize the two great truths, the fallible nature of man and the impossibility of any man. I care not how able, how errant. how wise he may be, anticipating all tne neeas or tne ruture. Applying these principles to the idea of government, we aro forced to recognize that, in tho history of the human race there never was formu lated a rigid and fixed scheme of gov ernment that did not perish because it failed to recognize the changes in conditions that time would bring. Happily the American constitution is an exception to this rule because it contains Within itself the elements of its own modification. Scarce was tho ink dry with which it was writ ten until, notwithstanding the wis dom of the fathers, it was found nec essary to begin its modification by the process of amendment. But there is still another objec tion urged to this proposed change and that is that it overturns the policy of the fathers of the constitution In a controversy which they waged with one another and out of which controversy the legislative election of senators was finally accepted as a compromise. We are willing to admit that this view does prevail as a popular im pression, but we challenge its cor rectness in view of the debates on the floor of the constitutional conven tion itself. This controversy over the election of senators did not begin with sena tors. It began with the primary proposition of the election of the house of representatives. The de bates on this question produced three distinct propositions first, that the members of the lower house should be elected directly by the people; second, that they should be elected by the legislature; and third, that they should be nominated' by the legislature and elected by the people. It was a perma &&"&- Vafo- former comn ;- - Some of the,; ZTbpposed to the popular election of members of the lower house, while others val iantly championed Its cause. Mr. Madison was one of the chief expo nents of popular election and the matter was finally settled by provid ing that its members should be cho sen by popular vote. They then proceeded to the con sideration of the manner in which senators should be elected. Here again, as I have mentioned in the introductory pages of this thesis, popular election had its champions and likewise Its opponents. Our op ponents would have us believe that,, the proposed change in tho constitu tion would overturn the policy of the fathers and do exactly that which they overwhelmingly rejected on the floor of the convention, but here again do we challenge the correctness of their charges and we are sustained by the record of the constitutional conventibn Itself. James Wilson, of Pennsylvania, as I have before men tioned, championed the cause of pop ular election of senators, and In his speech of May 31, 1787, he moved that their election be by districts, that is to say, that the whole United States be divided Into senatorial dis tricts, so to spealc, irrespective of state lines, Of course the smaller states had everything to lose and nothing to gain by adopting this plan and their representatives fought it bitterly. On June 7, Gerry, a delegate from a small ttato argued against the plan on the grounds, first, that it was Impracticable and the people could not be brought to one place for the purpose, and whether brought to the same place or not numberless frauds would be unavoidable; second, small states forming parts of the same district with a large one would have no chance of gaining an ap pointment for their citizens of merit; and third, a new source of discord i Jt M ii KA ;y (irrrmrwmn .r , 'JuJJii, itTu, 1 nMimiH i mwtmummwvm.