Image provided by: University of Nebraska-Lincoln Libraries, Lincoln, NE
About The Plattsmouth journal. (Plattsmouth, Nebraska) 1901-current | View Entire Issue (July 22, 1935)
PAGE TWO PLATTSHOUTH SEMI - WEEKLY JOURNAL MONDAY, JULY 22, 1935 the Plattsmouth Journal PUBLISHED SEMI-WEEKLY AT PLATTSMOUTH, NEBSASZA Entered at Postoffice, Plattsmouth, Neb., as second-class mail matter MRS. R. A. BATES, Publisher SUESCEIPTION PBJCE $2.00 A YEAS IN FIRST POSTAL ZONE Subscribers living in Second Postal Zone, $2.50 per year. Beyond 600 miles, $3.00 per year. Rate to Canada and foreign countries, $3.60 per year. All subscriptions are payable strictly in advance. J- -.---.-f,T,-T,,t-f-T-T-T-T,,,,t, JL. T I I iHl i T" t ! fa Cass County Farm Bureau Notes J Copy furnished from Office ot County Agent wainscott MANLEY NEWS Mr. and Mrs. Harold Krecklow were visiting with friends and doing some shopping in Plattsmouth last Friday. Mrs. Rachel Cochran of Ashland was visiting for a few days during the past week at the home of her par ents, Mr. and Mrs. Fred Fleischman, enjoying a very fine time. Walter Mockenhaupt and wife were in Plattsmouth last Saturday, where they went to do some trading, tak ing advantage of the special prices which the merchants were offering. There is joy at the home of Fred Flaur over the arrival at the home of a seven pound son, who born on Wednesday of last week and will make his home with them in the future. The Rev. Father Harte was called . to Omaha last Monday to look after tome business affairs connected with the administration of the church and was also visiting with his friends there. Another large crowd of farmers was in Manley last Monday night to wit ness the splendid moving picture show which was given by the citizens of Manley and which was greatly en joyed and appreciated by all. A field of wheat belonging to Art Wiles, residing near the banks of the Weeping Water, was combined last week, showing a very good yield of 23 bushels to the acre, while the grain tested sixty-one pounds to the bushel. Frank Dall recently purchased r new bicycle, securing the same from a dealer at Murdock. He is well pleased with the new machine and is able to get r.iuch enjoyment out of riding it, as do also many of his boy friends. Christian E. Mockenhaupt was feel ing quite poorly last week and was not able to be down town as is his usual custom, even being compelled to remain in bed a part of the time. He is somewhat improved at this v.ritin.7, however. George Vogel had the misfortune to lo.'e ancther horse, being the sec end one this summer. The hot weath er ha3 been very severe on horses in the corn and harvest field, as well as on human beings who true to Biblical tradition have been earning their livelihood by the sweat cf their re spective brows. Dan Bcurke and Mr. and Mrs. Hen ry Petersen, of Omaha, and Mrs. Catherine Ash, of Council Bluffs, Iowa, were stopping here for a short visit a they were passing through Manley, returning to their home af ter having attended the Bourke fam ily reunion at the home of George Bickert a number of miles west of Elm wood cn last Sunday. Mrs. Joseph R. Kelley of Platts mouth, who has been spending some two weeks at the home of her daugh ter. Mrs. O. E. McDonald and grand daughter, Mrs. Will Meyers, of near Ashland, returned to her home in the county seat after having enjoyed a very pleasant two weeks' visit. Mrs. Kcllcy v.-3 very anxious to get home, e.3 the stork had brought her daugh ter and son-in-law, Emil Koukal and wife, a brand new daughter. Mr. and Mrs. Rudolph Bergman were enjeying a visit last week from a niece of Mr. Bergman and her hus band, as they were returning to their liome at Dayton, Ohio, after having visited for come two months at Los Angeles. The visitors, Mr. and Mrs. Ormond Smith, after remaining here over night, continued on their way the next day and planned to stop that night at-Rcrk Island, 111., then an other stop at Chicago before they fin ally arrived home. day evenings to accommodate farm ers who are busy in their fields and cannot conveniently get to town dur ing the daytime. Look up the spec ials and come to Plattsmouth next Wednesday, prepared to cash in on some real savings, as well as enjoy the band concert in the evening. Passing of Adolph Steinkamp rne death of Adolph sieinkamp C9, one of the best known and highly esteemed resident of the Manley com munity, occurred Thursday evening at the family home where he has been very poorly for seme time. For the past two years Mr. Steinkamp has not been in the best of health and has gradually grown much worse in the recent weeks until his death Mr. Steinkmap was born August 8, 1S65, in Germany, and came to Amer ica when he was 17 years of age, locating in Plattsmouth. For some time he was engaged in work as a farm. hand, being employed with Wil liam Puis west of Murray as well as other Cass county farms. In the year 1SS9 he was united in marriage to Jane Goodman, and in 1893 they came to reside on the farm they acquired near Manley. The deceased was engaged in trav eling for a number of years and has a large acquaintance over Cass county and who will regret very much to learn of his passing. Of an unusually genial personality, Mr. Steinkamp made close friends of those with whom he came in contact. Mr. Steinkamp is survived by the widow, five sons and one daughter, Edward, Weeping Water; Roy, Man ley; Arthur, Walter, Plattsmouth; Herbert, Wichita, Kansas, and Mrs. R. C. Owens. j Funeral services were held yester day at the church south of Cedar i Creek and interment was made in wheat is known as the Walradt cemetery. The services were conduct ed by Rev. W. A. Taylor, an old friend of the deceased man. Bread Study Shows Saving Through Home Baking. Records show that counting pound for pound hememakers make better than 50 percent iu baking their own bread. The cost of bread per pound runs quite close to the cost of flour per pound. It varies somewhat with the amount of fat and sugar added and the kind of yeast. Fuel expense was not included since in practically all cases the stove was used for other purposes at the same time. The records kept showed the kinds of bread baked at each bak ing, the amounts and cost of all in gredients used, the length of time the oven was in use and the number and weight of loaves and rolls when baked. The majority of women keeping the bread baking records said they found it very interesting and while they had supposed that home baking was a saving they had not realized it was to quite such an extent as the actual figures showed. Life Insurance Brings Large Sum to Nebraskans $25,100,000 Is Paid Out in State in Claims During the Past Year 30th State in Union. An Ideal Vacation for Mother. What a fine vacatron it would be for mother to attend the. Vacation Camp at Camp Brewster, July 25-2S. After the rush of cooking for har vest hands and the hot days spent over the cook stove canning fruits and vegetables we are sure she would find a real thrill in resting and en joying the leisure hours under the cool inviting shade of the big trees surrounding the lodge and club house, and the screened and elec trically lighted cabins which serve as sleeping quarters. A large out door swimming pool centered with a spurting water fountain is too tempt ing to be resisted by most of the women, so bring your bathing suit if you have one, if not you can get one of the camp management. An interesting program, which in cludes book reviews, round table dis cussions, various types of recreation, etc., is planned so that the time! passes quickly and the women have a chance to really get acquainted and I to discuss timely topics. Plan to meet your best friend and to make many new ones, at Camp Brewster. The Home Agent can supply you with all the necessary information on what to bring, etc. The regis tration fee of $4.50 may be paid up on arrival at the camp, however if you intend to enroll notification should be sent to the Home Agent C0i arrangements will be made for you cial activities of the clubs. With 4-H club camp enly a few days away, ap plicants for enrollments at camp are busy getting their work up to date so they will be eligible to attend. Many other 4-H activities lie ahead. With state and county fairs only a few weeks away it Is time to turn our thoughts toward new goals. Of first importance are the exhibits by Individual members. We want our work to be of good quality, good workmanship and of accepted stand ards. With these points in mind the best exhibits of work done in 4-H clubs are chosen for competition at fairs. And in this connection remem ber the 4-H slogan, "Win without boasting and lose without squealing." Other activities in which 4-H clubs should plan to participate are team demonstrations, judging contests, song contest, health contest and style show. Demonstration work and judging practice should have been started within the clubs so that in terested members will be ready to participate in county try-outs after one or two district Judging practices. Details regarding the song and health contests and style show will be an nounced later and more definite in formation will be sent to club lead ers a little later. 4-H club leaders have received the advance Class R premium lists for state fair and should be able to line up their exhibits at an early date. Special premiums and awards, such as trips to the National 4-H Club Congress, Club Week, etc., are listed in Circular 0-10-2 for 1935, and should be induclve to a little time and effort on the part of 4-H mem bers now in orde rto win when in competition within the county and at state fair. Save the Little Trees. Recent inspections made In several counties of tree plantings made this spring under the Clarke-McNary Act, show splendid survival up to now but many are weedy and show neg lect. This is a critical time with these trees and every effort should be made to kill the weeds and give the trees the best possible care the balance of the season. Cultivation to conserve the moisture and a little extra care now will be worth a lot. We need the trees let's not neglect them now. Former Resident Writes of Pleasing Trip to Mexico Mrs. W. E. Purviance of Los Angeles Writes to Her Aunt, Mrs. A. D. Asch, of Interesting Trip. Mrs. A. D. Asch ot near Murray, has Just received from her niece, Mrs. W. E. Purviance of Los An geles, a very fine letter that deals with the trip of Mrs. Purviance Into old Mexico and which is printed for the benefit of the Journal readers: Willis had never visited a foreign land, and as he felt he had been de nied something rather Important, it was a tender subject with him. When the Southern Pacific railroad put on a round trip excursion to Mazatlan, Mexico, over thirteen hundred miles away from Los Angeles, for the sum of $37.25, Willis was overjoyed with the prospect of seeing another coun try. As I had taken a trip across the continent and back, I was going to remain at home. As the time drew nearer the day of departure his en thusiasm waned, and he was about ready to give up the vacation. When I agreed to go along his fervor re turned, for he had dreaded the lone liness of traveling alone. Leaving Los Angeles at eight o'clock, p. m.. February 26th, we ar rived at the Mexican border, at No- gales, about noon the next day. After a short stop for baggage inspection, about thirty inches wide by forty long, built on legs, about the height of a table. After pouring a little water on each garment it is soaped and rolled up. After the soiled clothes are thus made ready, the woman takes one piece, unrolls it and turns a handful back over the rest of gar ment, using it to rub the rest of the cloth; then pours a stew pan of water over it and squeezes it a little, then another pan of water over it and wrings It out and goes out to the clothes line and hangs it up, stuffing a corner up through the twisted strands of the rope line, and then a foot or so farther, puts another cor ner through the line, so that a clothes line of washing looks much like ours when put up with clothes pins. Then the woman returns to the wash tray and washes one more piece, which she goes out into patio to hang, and continues this performance, one piece at a time, until quite a wash ing is finished. This work is done on the porch. They seem to work all the time. The restaurants all serve soup, and the meals in courses, as they can not cook many dishes at a time on the charcoal burning stoves with so little heat, and such prim itive utensils. One place of interest Is the public market, covering a whole block. The merchants have spaces a few feet across, facing the numerous aisles. The butcher shops, or booths, have thin strips of meat, sometimes three feet long, hung on wooden pegs in a board on the partition behind them. None of them had more than twenty pieces of meat, which was thickly covered with flies. The purchases made are very small, sufficient for one meal. A child would buy two Louisville Farmers Union Band ' It is with pleasure we ara able to announce that the Farmers Union Band of Louisville, comprising many of the well known and talented mu sicians of this portion of Cass coun ty, has been secured to play a con cert on the streets of Plattsmouth Wednesday evening, July 24. Attention of our readers is also directed to the fact that Plattsmouth merchants are joining in the giving of special certified values on Wednes day of each week, the bargains for this Wednesday being-listed in a 3- column ad appearing elsewhere in this issue. Stores are open Wednes- Nebraska policyholders and bene ficiaries were paid $25,000,000 by life insurance companies in 1934, accord ing to a special compilation by the National Underwriter, weekly insur ance newspaper. Nebraska ranked 30th in life pay ments among all states, while it is 32nd in size of population. The per capita payment in 1934 was $18.00. Omaha Leads Cities. Omaha led Nebraska cities in life insurance payments in 1934 with $3,402,000 compared to $3,471,000 in 1933, or a 1 percent increase. Omaha ranked 44th among all cities of the country. Lincoln was second in pay ments in 1934 in Nebraska with $1, 446,000 compared to $947,000 the year before. Beatrice came third with $209,000 followed by Grand Island, $204,000; Hastings, $156,000; North Platte, $146,000; Fremont, $123,000; York, $107,000; McCook, $103,000; Per, $75,000; Atkinson, $67,000; Scottsbluff, $65,000; Nebraska City, $65,000. Large Individual Payments. The largest individual life insur ance death payment in Nebraska last year was $155,600 on the life of a person whose name was not given of Omaha. Other large payments were: Name not given, Omaha, $152,500; Harry M. Hepperlen, Beatrice. $10, 5S5; Earl K. Ridnour, McCook, $103,000; Accountant, Omaha, $72,- 000; Name not given, Omaha, $68, 000; Ernest H. Hoel, Omaha, $60, 065; Robt. O. Clifford. Atkinson, $52, 000; Chas. W. Fleming, Lincoln, $50,000; Printer, Lincoln, $47,517; Name not given, Omaha, $46,553; Name not given, Omaha, $44,506; Floyd W. Ryman, Lincoln, $40,000; Name not given, Lincoln, $40,000; Name not given. Omaha. $40,000; Arthur D. Dunn,, Omaha, $36,000; Jacob H. North, Lincoln, $30,000; Name net given, Omaha, $30,000. CCC Camp and Erosion Control. Friday evening, July 19, at 8 p. m. farmers of Cass county will have an opportunity to familiarize themselves with soil erosion control service. The meeting will be held at the Farm Bureau office in Weeping Water. D. L. Gross of the Extension Ser vice at the College of Agriculture, 4-H Club Camp Next Week. Seventy applications for 4-H club camp have been received from Cass county members. About 200 mem bers from Cass, Otoe, Sarpy and Douglas counties are expected to at tend the camp which will be held at Camp Brewster, July 21-24. A list of the necessary articles to bring to camp has been mailed to applicants and they have been especially in vited to bring musical Instruments or other euipment or tne amateur night program. Corn Lean Refund Checks Being Taken. About half of the corn loan re fund checks had been taken the first of the week. If you had a corn loan a year ago on your corn you prcb- Lincoln. will present the agron- ably have a cneck at tne Farm Bu" Fhono the news to Ho. G. omisi s viewpoint regarding crops and cropping systems and the possi bilitie3 in this county. Ivan Wood, also of the Extension Service will present the plan of actually putting into operation an erosion program and the cost to the farmer. Homer A. Wendling, project direc tor of the CCC camp will be present to explain to farmers how they may secure the services of the camp and the agreements that will be arranged between farmers and the camp. Other supervisors will be present to help carry on the discussion and answer questions. The building of the camp has been delayed somewhat due to the lumber strikes holding up shipments of lumber. Three cars of lumber have just arrived and prog ress will be speeded up considerably now. The mess hall and latrine are now completed leaving about seven build ings to erect. The boys that will be in the camp are temporarily placed at the old camp at Nebraska City and will be moved to Weeping Water as soon as this camp is completed. Pre liminary work with the farmers de siring work done will start immed iately after the meeting Friday even ing. This work will include inspec tion of proposed projects, surveys and topographical maps cf farms. ! reau office and are requested to call for it at the earliest possible time. The smallest checks are for $1.20 and the largest run close to $100. Most farmers have been both surprised and pleased with the amount of their refunds. 4-H Clubs Bhsy With Summer Activities. A check up on the records of 4-H clubs shows that most of the club3 are "up on their toes" this season. Meetings have been held regularly, reports have been coming in nicely and indications are that most of the clubs have their work well up to date. Mary clubs, especially cooking clubs, have completed requirements and are reporting dates of their achievement programs. Tours, picnics and swim ming parties seem to be popular so- Pasture Tour Planned. , Improved pasture management practices, vitally important in Cass county due to the devastating dam age done by the 1934 drouth and over-grazing in the past, will be ob served on August Sth when farmers go on a pasture tour. Plans for the day include six or eight stops to be made in various communities. Stops will be made at various farms in the county where recom mended pasture management prac tices have been carried on. The tour will probably demonstrate: (1) The use of brome grass. (2) Use of tem porary pasture crops such as sudan. sweet clover, and rye. (3)Rejuvin ated permanent pastures on which the owner has been using such meth ods in 1935 as delayed or reduced grazing, clipping weeds, and whlcb are showing results. (4) Spring or fall seeded permanent pasture mix tures. (5) Alfalfa in pure stauds or mixture for cow pastures. (6) Good permanent pastures which due to excellent management survived the drouth and heat of 1934. Farmers having pastures of brome grass or a mixture where brome grass predominates are asked to re port such to the agiicultural agent so stops may bo made at 8uch areas. Tentative plans for the tour call for a picnic lunch at noon with a weed identification contest as an add ed feature. P. II. Stewart, extension agronomist from the college of agri culture will be on the tour. Journal ads brrnu you news of timely bargains. Read tieml we crossed over Into Mexico. Our bagged had been sealed, so there was not much delay for inspection after we reached the Mexican side. There were two day coaches on our train. They were old, with no upholstering. The Mexican travelers carried a fold ed blanket, or a pillow (with or without a cover) to place on the hard seats. We began observing the peculiar customs of this foreign land. Instead of automobiles, the burro seemed to be the popular means of transpor tation, with an occasional ox cart with heavy, home-made wooden wheels. When stops were made at the larger towns, the natives crowd ed along the tracks on either side of the day coaches, carrying (mostly on their heads), glass covered cases, baskets, or trays, on which were na tive foods, such as tortillas, cooked cactus, papayas, cakes frosted with red sugar, oranges and Mexican turnips, which were bought by the passengers in the day coaches. One Indian had a large pail cf milk-colored water, made of ground rice, soak ed, flavored with cinnamon sticks, and strained, j This was sold by the glass. Goat and cow milk were sold in pop bottles. Slices of candled papayas, melons, etc., were sold to the Mexicans. These things were sold by men, women, or children of near ly all ages. Coffee, black as tar, and unpalatable for Americans, was sold from small coffee pots, often not holding more than four cups. There were1 oranges, lemons, limes, papayas, cocoanuts, and other fruits grown without irrigation. The annual rain fall at Mazatlan is sixty inches. About two or three hours before we arrized at Mazatlan we passed into the Tropic of Cancer. There was a sign to that effect by the side of the road. For many miles the broad valley through which we traveled was cov ered with dense mesquite brush, and sahuraro cactus, thirty feet high, in terspersed with trees. After we pass ed into the Tropic of Cancer the trees were larger and the jungle more dense. In the rainy season, which begins in June, one may pick orchids, which hang from trees along the railroad. Mazatlan is a peninsula, jutting out into the Pacific ocean just east of the Peninsula of Lower Califor nia. There is a beautiful harbor and a quaint old tity of 30,000 inhabit ants; narrow streets, many miniature shops, no large stores, all the build ings joined and built around the outer edge of the block, with patio in centre. There are no front yards; all the buildings come to the narrow sidewalk on the street. The mail bags are about the size of ours, made of green, red and white striped canvas. The inhabitants of the town are very friendly. Some speak English. All with whom I talked who had lived in the United States, said they would rather live here than in Mex ico. Many of the women and girls wear a black shawl about one yard square, called rebosa, made of cotton voile, or thin wool; the more pros perous wear one of lace, called man tilla. These are tied over the head. The town looks small for the num ber of inhabitants. It is very prim itive. A family often lives in one room, with a paito and porch: the patio often serving as pig pen, goat lot, chicken, or dog lot. The floors of the poorer classes are tamped dirt The women and girls sweep the floors every day, with a broom made by tieing a bunch of long, stiff grass around an old brcom handle, or a round piece of tree or limb, or brush. Many make their own sandals, and live on very simple food. Their chil dren have rickets, spindly legs, and big abdomens. They are undernour ished in a land of plenty. Seven per cent of the babies die. The stoves on which they cook tor tillas, make coffee, and any other cooking, consist of a small pan, a five gallon oil can with rectangular hole cut in side for a draft, a hollowed out wooden block or anything that will hold some broken pieces of tile roof ing; a few pieces of charcoal, with an old piece of sheet metal laid over for a lid. completes mis nonie-maae kitchen necessity. The irons for iron ing the family washing are also heat ed in this erude manner. The wash ing is all done with cold water, and, strange to say. the clothes look clean. Their wash tubs are shallow trays, 'tablespoons of lard, which was weigh- ed on a small piece of grayish paper, and carried home without being cov ered or wrapped. Tortilla dough was sold in a round loaf, laid on gray paper, and covered only with flies. The cook does not roll these tortillas out as we do a pie crust, but pinches grown sweater or old shirt. Believe it or not, but their clothes are fairly clean. , 1 The oyster traps are stakes driven in the sand at low tide, and at high tide the oysters are washed in. Small boys wade into the water inside the trap and pick up the oysters, putting them In home made grass baskets for the men to sell on the street. One fisherman had a sort of pen about a foot high, made of rock, brick bats and debris, over which he had placed scraps of sheet iron, dirt and all; on top of this crude "stove top" he laid slices of baracuda fish, covering the whole with another layer of old sheet Iron and tin. Then he built a small fire of finely split wood, over which he sprinkled water, and smoked the fish. He was going to sell this fish on the street uptown. There are some shark in the wa ters around Mazatlan; and twenty miles away in the swamps are many alligators, which the natives catch, and tan the hide for purses, sandals, belts, etc, which are made by hand and sold along the water front. There is an island across the bay, on which Is a long grove of cocoa nut trees. Hollywood film companies make many of the South Seas motion pictures at this location. Tourists ride over the town in aranas( pronounced a-ran'ya). They are two wheel carts, with ton. and the driver raises half of the seat for the passenger to enter from the rear. Two passengers and one driver sit on the one seat. There is no health department in Mazatlan. Buzzards are the only scavengers. It is unlawful to kill them, as they help prevent epidemics. We visited the soap factory, where both peanuts and copra are used in the manufacture. The soap is blue and light gray, variegated, something like a marble cake in appearance. It is a great peanut country. The copra is brought from the Philippines. There are many small boy boot blacks. They carry a small wooden off a piece of dough and pats and case with the polish and shining cloth slaps it until it looks like a pancake: then cooks it until some parts of it look almost raw, and other parts slightly burned. One can was at the curb outside the market with oil-can- stove, charcoal burning, on which a rack covered with husked sweet corn, which he kept turning so it would roast evenly, but which was too brown to suit fastidious tastes. One stall in the market had panama hats. A native woman sat at a sewing ma chine, putting fancy stitching around the brim with black thread. She had no pattern to guide her, but the stitching was even and artistic. Oys ter fishermen hs.d baskets of oysters, which they sold raw, after opening tne shells for the customer. They had catsup and salt and pepper, and the oysters were served on the shell, eaten with the fingers. Shredded re mains was put onto a tortilla, the salesman using his dirty hand to lift the green salad, and the buyer picked it off the tortilla with his hand to eat it, afterward rolling the tortilla before biting it. Many of the natives eat their meals at the "portable restaurants" along the curb. Each salesman will have ust what he can carry on his head, or in two pails or baskets on the ends of a sort of wooden yoke across his back. His whole store of edibles may only be native turnips, which he peels and lays in one side of his bas ket against the unwashed tournips. By the time he peels all around the turnip it is pretty well covered with earth. A hungry man will buy one turnip for five centavos (pennies) and stand there on the edge of the sidewalk and eat it. That will be his complete meal, and he looks as satis fied as we do with a complete din ner. The tortillas are rolled and eaten without butter, syrup, or Jelly, as we would eat them. The houses are adobe, usually one story, many plastered, some calsomined pink, blue, or white. The roofs are all red hand-made tile, except the very poor ones, which have grass thatched roofs. Each apartment, or house, built around the square block, has a high wall of adobe, sometimes with broken glass bottles, cemented ud- right into the top, as a barrier to intruders.. The best hotel, facing the harbor. had a large entrance, through which me guests waiK into the hotel. The ball room is first, at the left of en trance, then dining room, with patio at side and back of it, in which ther are about twenty tables for those who prefer to eat in the open. While we were eating an ice truck drove in using the same entrance that guests walk in, then a man with a short pole anusa ma eiiuuiuers. on eacn end o which were hung three chickens. At the right of entrance is the office back of which there is a room con taining the bar, with nice oil paint ing on the wall; on one side there are a number of empty packing cases, and two barrels of emntv li quor bottles back of the bar. which gives the place a disorderly appear ance. There are no screens on the win dows in Mazatlan; and no chimneys, wnicn would be superfluous when tney use charcoal for fuel. The hotel was nice, but we could not relish the food, as the flies lighting on It did not act. as an appetizer. We did not nave enough to eat, where there is an abundance of fruit and vege- tables. The guests at the hotel walk ed up , a ramp to the second floor, where the bedrooms are located. On tne side of Mazatlan facing the bay were numerous fishermen's huts. built as they are in the South Seas. The sides were of small sticks, set either horizontally or perpendicu larly; or of palm branches; and all with, thatcbej roofa, usually of swamp grass, but sometimes of palm branches. Some huts had chinks partly filled with pieces of tile, brok en bricks, rock, tin, or. any waste material, held together with mud. At night the hen, hog, goat, dog or what-have-you, is tied in the one room abode, where the family sleeps cn the uneven dirt fioor. The chil dren are nude, except for au out-. in it, and a miniature wooden stool to sit on. The stool looks like a doll's table. Small boys, riding bur ros, sell milk. The home made car riers are slung over the burrow's jback, with two rows of three bottles, on eacn side. We were in Mazatlan during the four day annual carnival, or fiesta. The railroad put the excursion on for that occasion. At one plaza the more prosperous people danced. There was an orchestra in the center, with wide walk all around, and shrubbery on the outer edge. The young men marched around one way and the girls the opposite direction. This was kept up all evening. Whole families attended. At another plaza the poor er people celebrated, in the same manner. Our arana driver told us that was for the people who did not wear shoes. However, many there were wearing shoes, but more wore home-made "fcandals. All were "be having in a very circumspect man ner. One little black urchin of about two and a half years was quite an outstanding figure. He had on a shrunken, faded wool sweater, and new red socks and sandals, which constituted his whole wearing ap parel. He was having a glorious time, running out among the dancers. falling on the cement walk, and smil ing through it all. On the return trip many bought Indian baskets and rugs, from the peddlers along the side of the train. There were wooden salad spoons, with the ornamentation burned in, made by Toluca Indians; rectangular baskets with lids, made of ixtle fibre from the maguey plant, made by Yaqui Indians; round baskets of woven braid, in designs of many colors, made by Pueblo Indians; mats made by Tolucas; blankets and rues of hand made yarn made bv Nava- joas. Articles are usually carried on the head in baskets, traps or pans. Even a small boy can step up on the curb without holding the container with his hands. Most of the land is owned by the Mexican government, and the people in small villages along the tracks build their homes on such land. There are some villages with tile roofs, but most of them are grass thatched roof huts. All films must be finished before being taken out of Mexico, and those depicting poverty are confiscated. The school rooms are similar to ours, but the pupils all studv out loud at the same time. That gives a icacner tne impression they are all preparing their lessons, when nffon they are Just making a noise. The Mexican beds have rope laced across to hold up the mattress, and the rope stretches and lets mattress sink into quite a hollow in the cen ter. The pillows are hunks of cotton Instead of feathers, and are not con ducive to restful slumber. AS We Went to Mexico a mrmev changer came into the train at No- saies and exchanged our American money ror Mexican. On th i,.rn trip we had to en tn tho nQi, ot Nogaies to get it exchanged back in to American monev. An mrian dollars is now worth v. -n and fifty-live cents Mic!.n ti,.i. dollar is called peso (pay'so). me trip was very IntereRtlne hut we were very s-lari t . home comforts and cleanlinesss, and American cooking. wiuis laughingly remarked that I ve omitted the mnnt onon.. sight, which was a prettv Mptt, young lady selling lottery tickets. She carried a whltn rn,.. about ten inches lonr ar.n ci, wide, filled with silver coin. She met the evening trains . . nuius auu com- ng in the bus. a distant -i . three miles. Peooie trn0,i L0"rIt0U:!r: an?. no one etched r -i . " ra"road is built on the mainland, connected to Mazatlan by pen Srnsuir" bUUt alODS the "ow atHrfh ona of but r few edness. " bonded nd-